Article(id=1243220383109854000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, issueId=1243220377556595432, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.15959/j.cnki.0254-0053.2025.03.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741536000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774336437251, onlineDateStr=2026-03-24, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774336437251, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774336437251, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774336437251, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243220377556595432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, year='2025', volume='46', issue='3', pageStart='541', pageEnd='810', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774336435926, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774336648182, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243221267898282005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, issueId=1243220377556595432, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243221267898282006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, issueId=1243220377556595432, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=761, endPage=774, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243220383583810361, articleId=1243220383109854000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, language=EN, title=Electromechanical Coupling Modelling and Experimental Study of Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam Under Water Droplet Impact, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
For the dynamic process of harvesting energy from water droplet impact by using piezoelectric beams, a water droplet impact force model was developed. Based on the Euler Bernoulli beam theory, an electromechanical coupling prediction model of piezoelectric cantilever beam was established. Droplet impact tests were conducted, the voltage output characteristics and dynamic response characteristics of the piezoelectric beams were analyzed. By comparing the experimental results and model prediction results under different impact conditions (droplet diameter Dd=2.4~4.4 mm and impact velocity Vd=1.0~3.4 m/s), the accuracy of the force electromechanical coupling model was verified. Results showed that there is a linear relationship between the maximum deformation of cantilever end and the peak voltage under the impact excitation of water droplets. Water droplets exhibit "rebound" and "splashing" characteristics under low and high Weber number conditions, respectively, and the experimental results are highly consistent with the predicted results of the model, verifying the applicability and accuracy of the model. As the cantilever length increases, the natural frequency and the bending stiffness of the system gradually decreases, the output voltage and the total energy harvested gradually increase; however, the electric energy density shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching a maximum of dE=4.27 mJ/m2 when the cantilever beam length L=35 mm.
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针对水滴冲击超疏水表面压电悬臂梁的动态俘能过程,建立了水滴冲击力模型,根据欧拉-伯努利梁理论构建了压电悬臂梁力电耦合预测模型.搭建了水滴冲击试验台,测试了多种冲击参数下(水滴直径Dd=2.4~4.4 mm和冲击速度Vd=1.0~3.4 m/s)压电梁的动态响应特性,设计混合水平正交实验L18(36×61),分析了不同结构参数对压电梁输出总电能和峰值电压的影响规律.结果表明,水滴冲击激励作用下压电悬臂梁末端最大变形与输出峰值电压之间始终呈线性关系.水滴在低韦伯数和高韦伯数条件下分别呈现“反弹”特性和“飞溅”特性,且实验结果与模型预测结果均高度一致,验证了模型的适用性和准确性.悬臂梁基础层厚度是影响电学响应的关键因素,且存在最优结构尺寸使其电学输出达到最大.随悬臂梁长度的增大,抗弯刚度逐渐减小,输出电压和总电能逐渐增大;但电能密度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在悬臂梁长度L=35 mm时达到最大dE=4.27 mJ/m2.研究结果还可以为后续小尺寸压电梁的结构优化提供参考依据.
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李志楠,硕士生.研究方向:液滴冲击发电,无网格数值模拟.E-mail:tnyv11@163.com
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水滴冲击力学模型, figureFileSmall=gGyI5jfSYSwOLQaBeUZZwg==, figureFileBig=YiEqUGPFH0jsnMBuh1JHgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220408397312572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Relationship between Vd and H with different cf, figureFileSmall=AuWntyOMk1FEnizv4T83Pg==, figureFileBig=laS6LX9wAahqXbKU2DO09A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220408548307521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
不同空气阻力系数cf下水滴速度Vd与下落高度H的变化关系, figureFileSmall=AuWntyOMk1FEnizv4T83Pg==, figureFileBig=laS6LX9wAahqXbKU2DO09A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220408686719562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Time variation of water droplet impact force, figureFileSmall=l+JdejTvfUS6hg8XRC+zYQ==, figureFileBig=8R68Wsx1pjWij0ZcFQfm4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220408783188559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
水滴冲击力随时间的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=l+JdejTvfUS6hg8XRC+zYQ==, figureFileBig=8R68Wsx1pjWij0ZcFQfm4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220408888046164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Dynamic model and equivalent circuit of piezoelectric cantilever, figureFileSmall=2KjRz+aCw174hny2SOf61w==, figureFileBig=/FHgr6bc262Ze7n0Cxtc0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220408976126553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
压电悬臂梁动力学模型及等效电路示意图, figureFileSmall=2KjRz+aCw174hny2SOf61w==, figureFileBig=/FHgr6bc262Ze7n0Cxtc0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220409093567071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Electrical response characteristics of piezoelectric cantilever, figureFileSmall=7XoT0E8O2RVjy/dJw5LzGQ==, figureFileBig=w4TfQvpquhyxTxSu89r7CQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220409353613924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
压电悬臂梁电学响应特性, figureFileSmall=7XoT0E8O2RVjy/dJw5LzGQ==, figureFileBig=w4TfQvpquhyxTxSu89r7CQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220409492025965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Impact experiment of piezoelectric cantilever under water droplet impact, figureFileSmall=JUOx0qEdxWDbom96YXXfSA==, figureFileBig=laaGXUpeTEmuI/gTxJEP7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220409752072818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
水滴冲击压电悬臂梁实验系统, figureFileSmall=JUOx0qEdxWDbom96YXXfSA==, figureFileBig=laaGXUpeTEmuI/gTxJEP7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220409882096247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Peak voltage variation with maximum deformation of the cantilever end, figureFileSmall=+22FePADvIUEpMe+5e4X5w==, figureFileBig=eqoWBiebCox9bwzptR1xKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410075034238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
峰值电压随末端最大变形的变化, figureFileSmall=+22FePADvIUEpMe+5e4X5w==, figureFileBig=eqoWBiebCox9bwzptR1xKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410284749445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Dynamic response characteristics of cantilever under droplet impact, figureFileSmall=UQFNjfe1iOZ/te+0eLJH4g==, figureFileBig=o8gTLMst5pZfLLwzwNkPSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410402189964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
水滴冲击作用下压电梁动态响应特性, figureFileSmall=UQFNjfe1iOZ/te+0eLJH4g==, figureFileBig=o8gTLMst5pZfLLwzwNkPSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410569962130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Peak voltage variation with impact location of water droplet, figureFileSmall=QQeoGlM6rpKacWXgjaanqg==, figureFileBig=/DJk2uelujHsnHa8/sf4ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410704179865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
压电梁输出峰值电压随水滴冲击位置的变化规律, figureFileSmall=QQeoGlM6rpKacWXgjaanqg==, figureFileBig=/DJk2uelujHsnHa8/sf4ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410792260252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Peak voltage comparison between experimental and simulation results, figureFileSmall=ttFfyXBE1vsKjYfMptBKHg==, figureFileBig=FM0eOxsu32JejD7jJCJT9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220410901312162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
峰值电压的实验与模拟结果对比, figureFileSmall=ttFfyXBE1vsKjYfMptBKHg==, figureFileBig=FM0eOxsu32JejD7jJCJT9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411010364069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Variation of super-hydrophobic surface peak voltage with Weber number, figureFileSmall=1e6gAgLzLOJc2EJGhodErA==, figureFileBig=KwroY4I0SsbOptKRnVgTbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411140387500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
超疏水表面峰值电压随韦伯数变化曲线, figureFileSmall=1e6gAgLzLOJc2EJGhodErA==, figureFileBig=KwroY4I0SsbOptKRnVgTbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411249439409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Comparison of four main patterns in the evolution of water droplet morphology, figureFileSmall=AXDu+qPnZGTAIE7jqYT6lA==, figureFileBig=OMLl/fTx3PEkQWVuK99R6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411454960308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
水滴形态演化过程中三种主要模式对比, figureFileSmall=AXDu+qPnZGTAIE7jqYT6lA==, figureFileBig=OMLl/fTx3PEkQWVuK99R6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411698229947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Total electric energy output and electric energy density of cantilever beam under different cantilever length, figureFileSmall=vcaeizgyjpcfEWK66i45XQ==, figureFileBig=Ery0mtmFgetFRRl/QYBp7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411828253376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
不同悬臂梁长度下悬臂梁输出总电能与电能密度, figureFileSmall=vcaeizgyjpcfEWK66i45XQ==, figureFileBig=Ery0mtmFgetFRRl/QYBp7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220411958276805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Main performance parameters of materials
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Name | Density ρ/(kg/m3) | Elastic modulus Y/GPa | Poisson's ratio υ | Piezoelectric strain constant d31/(pC/N) | Piezoelectric stress constant e31/(C/m2) | Dielectric constant ɛS/(F/m) |
|---|
| PVDF | 1 780 | 3.3 | 0.18 | 13.6 | 0.046 | 0.12 |
| PET | 1 370 | 13 | 0.3 | - | - | - |
), ArticleFig(id=1243220412063134410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
材料主要性能参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Name | Density ρ/(kg/m3) | Elastic modulus Y/GPa | Poisson's ratio υ | Piezoelectric strain constant d31/(pC/N) | Piezoelectric stress constant e31/(C/m2) | Dielectric constant ɛS/(F/m) |
|---|
| PVDF | 1 780 | 3.3 | 0.18 | 13.6 | 0.046 | 0.12 |
| PET | 1 370 | 13 | 0.3 | - | - | - |
), ArticleFig(id=1243220412243489485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Factors and levels of the orthogonal test
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Levels | Factors |
|---|
| [A] PVDF thickness hp/μm | [B] PET thichness hM/mm | [C] Cantilever length L/mm | [D] Cantilever width b/mm |
|---|
| 1 | 28 | 0.05 | 25 | 8 |
| 2 | 52 | 0.10 | 30 | 12 |
| 3 | (52) | 0.15 | 35 | 16 |
| 4 | — | 0.20 | — | — |
| 5 | | 0.25 | | |
| 6 | — | 0.30 | — | — |
), ArticleFig(id=1243220412323181266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
正交试验中各因素水平配置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Levels | Factors |
|---|
| [A] PVDF thickness hp/μm | [B] PET thichness hM/mm | [C] Cantilever length L/mm | [D] Cantilever width b/mm |
|---|
| 1 | 28 | 0.05 | 25 | 8 |
| 2 | 52 | 0.10 | 30 | 12 |
| 3 | (52) | 0.15 | 35 | 16 |
| 4 | — | 0.20 | — | — |
| 5 | | 0.25 | | |
| 6 | — | 0.30 | — | — |
), ArticleFig(id=1243220412461593302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Orthogonal test results and range analysis of peak voltage and total electrical energy
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Number | [A] | [B] | [C] | [D] | Vp/V | E0/nJ |
|---|
| 1 | 28 | 0.05 | 25 | 8 | — | — |
| 2 | 52 | 0.10 | 35 | 16 | 11.2 | 35.4 |
| 3 | 52 | 0.15 | 35 | 12 | 9.2 | 18.9 |
| 4 | 28 | 0.20 | 30 | 16 | 3.6 | 1.65 |
| 5 | 52 | 0.25 | 30 | 8 | 7.9 | 6.3 |
| 6 | 52 | 0.30 | 25 | 12 | 6.0 | 1.6 |
| 7 | 52 | 0.30 | 30 | 16 | 4.2 | 1.38 |
| 8 | 28 | 0.25 | 35 | 12 | 2.8 | 1.1 |
| 9 | 52 | 0.05 | 30 | 12 | -- | -- |
| 10 | 52 | 0.10 | 25 | 8 | 9 | 18 |
| 11 | 52 | 0.20 | 35 | 8 | 8.5 | 13.6 |
| 12 | 28 | 0.15 | 25 | 16 | 5.8 | 3.8 |
| 13 | 52 | 0.20 | 25 | 12 | 9.8 | 7.6 |
| 14 | 52 | 0.15 | 30 | 8 | 14 | 35 |
| 15 | 52 | 0.25 | 25 | 16 | 6.1 | 2.2 |
| 16 | 28 | 0.30 | 35 | 8 | 2.9 | 0.99 |
| 17 | 28 | 0.10 | 30 | 12 | 9 | 18.7 |
| 18 | 52 | 0.05 | 35 | 16 | — | — |
| k1 | 5.88 (10.27) | 0.00 (0.00) | 7.34 (6.64) | 8.46 (14.78) | | |
| k2 | 9.16 (17.56) | 9.73 (24.03) | 7.74 (10.51) | 7.36 (7.98) | | |
| k3 | 8.02 (10.44) | 9.67 (19.23) | 6.92 (14) | 6.18 (8.89) | | |
| k4 | — | 7.30 (7.62) | — | — | | |
| k5 | | 5.60 (3.20) | | | | |
| k6 | — | 4.37 (1.32) | — | — | | |
| Range | 3.28 (7.29) | 5.37 (22.71) | 0.82 (7.36) | 2.28 (6.79) | | |
| Rank | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 4 (2) | 3 (4) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1243220412566450904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220383109854000, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
悬臂梁峰值电压及输出总电能的正交实验L18(36×61)实验结果与极差分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Number | [A] | [B] | [C] | [D] | Vp/V | E0/nJ |
|---|
| 1 | 28 | 0.05 | 25 | 8 | — | — |
| 2 | 52 | 0.10 | 35 | 16 | 11.2 | 35.4 |
| 3 | 52 | 0.15 | 35 | 12 | 9.2 | 18.9 |
| 4 | 28 | 0.20 | 30 | 16 | 3.6 | 1.65 |
| 5 | 52 | 0.25 | 30 | 8 | 7.9 | 6.3 |
| 6 | 52 | 0.30 | 25 | 12 | 6.0 | 1.6 |
| 7 | 52 | 0.30 | 30 | 16 | 4.2 | 1.38 |
| 8 | 28 | 0.25 | 35 | 12 | 2.8 | 1.1 |
| 9 | 52 | 0.05 | 30 | 12 | -- | -- |
| 10 | 52 | 0.10 | 25 | 8 | 9 | 18 |
| 11 | 52 | 0.20 | 35 | 8 | 8.5 | 13.6 |
| 12 | 28 | 0.15 | 25 | 16 | 5.8 | 3.8 |
| 13 | 52 | 0.20 | 25 | 12 | 9.8 | 7.6 |
| 14 | 52 | 0.15 | 30 | 8 | 14 | 35 |
| 15 | 52 | 0.25 | 25 | 16 | 6.1 | 2.2 |
| 16 | 28 | 0.30 | 35 | 8 | 2.9 | 0.99 |
| 17 | 28 | 0.10 | 30 | 12 | 9 | 18.7 |
| 18 | 52 | 0.05 | 35 | 16 | — | — |
| k1 | 5.88 (10.27) | 0.00 (0.00) | 7.34 (6.64) | 8.46 (14.78) | | |
| k2 | 9.16 (17.56) | 9.73 (24.03) | 7.74 (10.51) | 7.36 (7.98) | | |
| k3 | 8.02 (10.44) | 9.67 (19.23) | 6.92 (14) | 6.18 (8.89) | | |
| k4 | — | 7.30 (7.62) | — | — | | |
| k5 | | 5.60 (3.20) | | | | |
| k6 | — | 4.37 (1.32) | — | — | | |
| Range | 3.28 (7.29) | 5.37 (22.71) | 0.82 (7.36) | 2.28 (6.79) | | |
| Rank | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 4 (2) | 3 (4) | | |
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