Article(id=1243220379817328645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, issueId=1243220377556595432, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.15959/j.cnki.0254-0053.2025.03.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739808000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774336436466, onlineDateStr=2026-03-24, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774336436466, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774336436466, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774336436466, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243220377556595432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, year='2025', volume='46', issue='3', pageStart='541', pageEnd='810', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774336435926, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774336648182, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243221267898282005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, issueId=1243220377556595432, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243221267898282006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, issueId=1243220377556595432, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=695, endPage=703, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243220380085764104, articleId=1243220379817328645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, language=EN, title=Nonlinear Vibration Isolation Study of a Simply Supported Beam Bridge Based on the IHBM, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper investigates the nonlinear vibration isolation problem of simply supported beam bridge structures under displacement excitation, employing the Incremental Harmonic Balance Method (IHBM) to derive an approximate analytical solution for the nonlinear vibration response of the beam. The research focuses on a coupled system consisting of a quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) isolator, constructed using a three-spring system, and a simply supported beam bridge. Based on the classical Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the governing equations of motion under displacement excitation are established and systematically solved using the IHBM, with the entire analytical process thoroughly derived. The study transforms the final solution into a linear matrix equation using generalized coordinates, achieving a procedural and standardized computational process. To validate the reliability of the IHBM approximate analytical results, the study compares the IHBM computational results with numerical solutions obtained using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (ODE45). The results demonstrate that the IHBM method exhibits significant advantages in computational stability and result completeness. Additionally, through parametric analysis, the study explores the influence of key isolator parameters on system amplitude, further confirming the effectiveness and engineering practicality of the IHBM in nonlinear vibration isolation research. The research outcomes provide new theoretical foundations and methodological references for the nonlinear vibration isolation analysis of simply supported beam structures, offering important guidance for engineering practice.

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本文针对位移激励作用下简支梁桥结构的非线性隔振问题展开研究,采用增量谐波平衡法(Incremental Harmonic Balance Method,IHBM)求解简支梁桥非线性振动响应的近似解.以三弹簧体系构成的准零刚度(Quasi-Zero Stiffness,QZS)隔振器与简支梁桥耦合系统为研究对象,基于经典欧拉-伯努利梁理论,建立了位移激励下的运动控制方程,并通过IHBM进行了系统性求解,完整推导了其解析过程.研究采用广义坐标形式,将最终求解结果转化为线性矩阵方程,实现了计算过程的程序化与标准化.为验证IHBM近似解析结果的可靠性,研究将IHBM计算结果与四阶龙格-库塔算法(ODE45)的数值解进行了对比分析,结果表明IHBM方法在计算稳定性和结果完整性方面均表现出显著优势.同时,本研究通过参数化分析探讨了隔振器关键参数对系统振幅的影响规律,进一步证实了IHBM在非线性隔振研究中的有效性和工程实用性.本文成果为简支梁结构的非线性隔振分析提供了新的理论依据和方法参考,对工程实践具有重要的指导意义.

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赵翔.E-mail:
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赵翔,博士,教授.研究方向:结构动力学.

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Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2013, 332(14): 3359-3376., articleTitle=On the characteristics of a quasi-zero stiffness isolator using Euler buckled beam as negative stiffness corrector, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243220406807675653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, awardId=12472026; 12072301, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(12472026; 12072301), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243220395957010760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243220395961205065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, companyId=1243220395957010760, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China), 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journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Comparison of fourth-order steady-state amplitudes, figureFileSmall=O/+g/EljmQBlc9GBBOpcGQ==, figureFileBig=JiKfhHz3H5pRMf6gdAjVEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220403611615824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=CN, label=图7, caption=四阶稳态振幅对比, figureFileSmall=O/+g/EljmQBlc9GBBOpcGQ==, figureFileBig=JiKfhHz3H5pRMf6gdAjVEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220403804553815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Comparison of first-order and second-order steady-state amplitudes under different expansion accuracies, figureFileSmall=bSKEnE1ukx65bYGzdgDumA==, figureFileBig=uD42ZthZUV5e3zJbfkGvOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220403934577245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, 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language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Absolute motion transmissibility under IHBM calculation for different k, figureFileSmall=08ekxxOmJFUSy4Zycu7pRg==, figureFileBig=QHlmNRMMPQ0lwD1m6jalmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220406014952147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=CN, label=图15, caption=IHBM计算下不同k时绝对运动传递率, figureFileSmall=08ekxxOmJFUSy4Zycu7pRg==, figureFileBig=QHlmNRMMPQ0lwD1m6jalmg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220406153364185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=Absolute motion transmissibility under ODE45 calculation for different k, figureFileSmall=Rsc8CMh7Rz6fzD8PCSpTpw==, figureFileBig=JeI23MrgUMx8WCpIrUtALA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220406258221798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=CN, label=图16, caption=ODE45计算下不同k时绝对运动传递率, figureFileSmall=Rsc8CMh7Rz6fzD8PCSpTpw==, figureFileBig=JeI23MrgUMx8WCpIrUtALA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243220406400828140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Physical and geometric parameters of the beam bridge and QZS vibration isolator

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemNotationValue
Young's modulus of the beamE5.5 GPa
Density of the beamρ800 kg/m3
Length of the beamL1.5 m
Width of the beamb0.045 m
Height of the beamhb0.012 m
External damping of the beamCb10 N·s/m2
Viscosity damping of the springC0.5 N·s/m
Initial length of the horizontal springL00.1 m
Horizontal length of the horizontal springa00.067 m
Horizontal spring linear stiffnessk05 000 N/m
Vertical spring stiffnesskv5 000 N/m
The position of the QZS vibration isolatorX00.5L
Initial excitation displacementZ00.05L0
), ArticleFig(id=1243220406556017398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1242844143416819734, articleId=1243220379817328645, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

梁桥及QZS隔振器的物理几何参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemNotationValue
Young's modulus of the beamE5.5 GPa
Density of the beamρ800 kg/m3
Length of the beamL1.5 m
Width of the beamb0.045 m
Height of the beamhb0.012 m
External damping of the beamCb10 N·s/m2
Viscosity damping of the springC0.5 N·s/m
Initial length of the horizontal springL00.1 m
Horizontal length of the horizontal springa00.067 m
Horizontal spring linear stiffnessk05 000 N/m
Vertical spring stiffnesskv5 000 N/m
The position of the QZS vibration isolatorX00.5L
Initial excitation displacementZ00.05L0
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基于IHBM的简支梁桥非线性隔振研究
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赵翔 1 , 唐国章 1 , 常闯 1 , 李映辉 2
力学季刊 | 2025,46(3): 695-703
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力学季刊 | 2025, 46(3): 695-703
基于IHBM的简支梁桥非线性隔振研究
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赵翔1 , 唐国章1, 常闯1, 李映辉2
作者信息
  • 1.西南石油大学 土木工程与测绘学院,四川 成都 610500
  • 2.西南交通大学 力学与航空航天学院,四川 成都 610500
  • 赵翔,博士,教授.研究方向:结构动力学.

通讯作者:

赵翔.E-mail:
Nonlinear Vibration Isolation Study of a Simply Supported Beam Bridge Based on the IHBM
Xiang ZHAO1 , Guozhang TANG1, Chuang CHANG1, Yinghui LI2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
  • 2.School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.15959/j.cnki.0254-0053.2025.03.011
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本文针对位移激励作用下简支梁桥结构的非线性隔振问题展开研究,采用增量谐波平衡法(Incremental Harmonic Balance Method,IHBM)求解简支梁桥非线性振动响应的近似解.以三弹簧体系构成的准零刚度(Quasi-Zero Stiffness,QZS)隔振器与简支梁桥耦合系统为研究对象,基于经典欧拉-伯努利梁理论,建立了位移激励下的运动控制方程,并通过IHBM进行了系统性求解,完整推导了其解析过程.研究采用广义坐标形式,将最终求解结果转化为线性矩阵方程,实现了计算过程的程序化与标准化.为验证IHBM近似解析结果的可靠性,研究将IHBM计算结果与四阶龙格-库塔算法(ODE45)的数值解进行了对比分析,结果表明IHBM方法在计算稳定性和结果完整性方面均表现出显著优势.同时,本研究通过参数化分析探讨了隔振器关键参数对系统振幅的影响规律,进一步证实了IHBM在非线性隔振研究中的有效性和工程实用性.本文成果为简支梁结构的非线性隔振分析提供了新的理论依据和方法参考,对工程实践具有重要的指导意义.

IHBM  /  QZS隔振器  /  简支梁桥结构  /  非线性振动

This paper investigates the nonlinear vibration isolation problem of simply supported beam bridge structures under displacement excitation, employing the Incremental Harmonic Balance Method (IHBM) to derive an approximate analytical solution for the nonlinear vibration response of the beam. The research focuses on a coupled system consisting of a quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) isolator, constructed using a three-spring system, and a simply supported beam bridge. Based on the classical Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the governing equations of motion under displacement excitation are established and systematically solved using the IHBM, with the entire analytical process thoroughly derived. The study transforms the final solution into a linear matrix equation using generalized coordinates, achieving a procedural and standardized computational process. To validate the reliability of the IHBM approximate analytical results, the study compares the IHBM computational results with numerical solutions obtained using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (ODE45). The results demonstrate that the IHBM method exhibits significant advantages in computational stability and result completeness. Additionally, through parametric analysis, the study explores the influence of key isolator parameters on system amplitude, further confirming the effectiveness and engineering practicality of the IHBM in nonlinear vibration isolation research. The research outcomes provide new theoretical foundations and methodological references for the nonlinear vibration isolation analysis of simply supported beam structures, offering important guidance for engineering practice.

IHBM  /  quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) isolator  /  Euler-Bernoulli beam bridge  /  nonlinear vibration
赵翔, 唐国章, 常闯, 李映辉. 基于IHBM的简支梁桥非线性隔振研究. 力学季刊, 2025 , 46 (3) : 695 -703 . DOI: 10.15959/j.cnki.0254-0053.2025.03.011
Xiang ZHAO, Guozhang TANG, Chuang CHANG, Yinghui LI. Nonlinear Vibration Isolation Study of a Simply Supported Beam Bridge Based on the IHBM[J]. Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics, 2025 , 46 (3) : 695 -703 . DOI: 10.15959/j.cnki.0254-0053.2025.03.011
振动是影响设备与结构可靠性、安全性和稳定性的关键因素之一[1-2],在工程中需有效控制.主动振动控制虽可精确调节,但在大多数工程应用中,被动隔振因机构简单、稳定性高与功耗低等优点,从而比主动控制更优先被采用.正因如此,隔振器作为被动隔振的核心部件,也被广泛应用于实际工程中,以提高设备与结构的可靠性、安全性与稳定性[3]
桥梁是地面交通网络中的重要环节,但大多数桥梁的基本振动频率较低,因此桥梁在地震及其他外部激励作用下极易遭受破坏.因此,作为安装在桥梁上的隔振器,则需兼顾承载力和固有频率.对于传统的被动线性隔振器,通过减小刚度来降低固有频率,但这会增加静态挠度.因此,本文采用高静态刚度的QZS(Quasi-Zero Stiffness)隔振器,来减小简支梁桥的结构振动.
已有大量学者在QZS隔振器上做了相关研究,如Wang等[4]利用谐波平衡法(Harmonic Balance Method,HBM)研究了简单线性时滞主动控制策略的QZS隔振器在不同质量与激励力作用下主共振曲线的变化;Carrella等[5]采用改进的IHBM(Incremental Harmonic Balance Method),研究了三弹簧构成的QZS体系在不同阻尼比下的频率响应;Cheng等[6]基于IHBM,研究了QZS振动系统由过载引起的偏移位移对主共振和位移传递率的影响.相比于HBM,IHBM在处理强非线性、路径依赖和复杂非线性系统时,具有更好的收敛性、精度和稳定性,适合分析分岔和突变等复杂工况.因此,对基于IHBM的非线性隔振结构开展深入研究是需要且必要的.
本研究采用IHBM与伪弧长算法相结合的方法,系统探究了IHBM在QZS隔振器与简支梁桥耦合系统隔振性能分析中的应用.在确保高计算精度的基础上,实现了解析过程的高度程序化.对比分析了不同隔振器参数条件下,梁结构的幅频响应特性及绝对位移传递率的IHBM近似解与ODE45数值解.
根据参考文献[7],QZS系统包括一个具有线性刚度的垂直弹簧kv、在P点与两个刚度相同的线性弹簧连接k0和初始长度斜装.当系统kvk0匹配时,竖向弹簧的正刚度和斜弹簧形成的负刚度将相互抵消,在平衡位置实现准零刚度.具体示意图如图1图2
本研究以车流量较低的小跨度梁桥为研究对象,故采用Euler-Bernoulli梁模型进行分析.鉴于此类低频梁桥的研究通常聚焦于一阶模态[7-8],而一阶模态在中点位置产生的振幅最为显著,因此将隔振器设置于梁底相应位置.其所构成的整体结构如图3所示.
各向同性和均匀的弹性梁桥在承受时变荷载下的横向运动由著名的欧拉-伯努利方程描述(本文仅对管道的横向振动进行研究),由下式给出
其中,WXT)为梁的横向挠度,ρE分别为梁的密度和梁的杨氏模量;SI为梁横截面面积和截面惯性矩,Cb为梁的外部粘性阻尼系数.FXT)则表示所有外部荷载,本模型由欧拉梁底部的QZS隔振器引起的外力FQZSXT)表示.由于考虑外激励为位移激励形式Z0cos(ΩT),则外部力的具体近似表达式如下
将式(2)代入式(1)可得如下表达式
通过以下无量纲参数
将振动方程式(4)化为如下形式
其中,wtwt的一阶偏导,wttwt的二阶偏导,wxxxxwx的四阶偏导.
根据Galerkin法,梁的横向位移可以表示成如下形式
其中,qjt)为梁横向运动的广义坐标,n为Galerkin离散阶数,ϕjx)为满足梁边界条件的比较函数(也称试函数).本文采用的Euler-Bernoulli梁,满足如下边界条件
因此比较函数可以假设为
ϕix)取上述比较函数作为加权函数,将式(6)和式(8)代入到式(5),且各项乘ϕix),然后在区间[0,L](无量纲化后为[0,1])上积分,并引入新变量τ=ωt,可得
这里ij相互独立,取值为1,2,…,n.公式(9)中的“.”表示对无量纲时间τ的导数.
(1)IHBM第一步——Newton-Raphson增量过程
q0ω0表示系统在振动过程中的某一状态,则其相邻的状态可以用增量的形式表示
(2)IHBM第二步——谐波平衡过程
由于外激励为周期激励,则相应地周期响应qq0和增量Δq可展开为傅里叶级数形式
式中,Ns表示谐波展开阶数.
将式(10)和式(11)代入式(9)中,并忽略掉Δq的高阶项,通过Galerkin法的加权积分过程,便可得到以ΔA和Δω为未知量的线性代数方程
将式(12)左乘并在[0,2π]对τ积分,可得如下线性代数方程
其中,各系数矩阵如下所示
(3)IHBM第三步——迭代过程
要使得式(13)能唯一求解,应选取Δω为主动增量,并给定初值A0ω0z0,基于式(13)的格式反复迭代直至误差向量R小于预先规定的误差限,便可得到系统的周期响应.采用新的周期响应作为初值,并重复上述步骤,便可绘制出系统的主共振曲线.但由于非线性项的存在,往往会遗漏一些解.因此,引入参变量弧长s,假设系统响应的谐波系数矩阵A和外激励频率ω均是关于弧长s的函数,然后以弧长增量Δs作为主动增量,便可绘制出连续光滑的频响曲线,这一计算过程便被称之为伪弧长延拓算法.引入如下状态向量
需要强调的是,在这个阶段,谐波系数矩阵A,外激励频率ω已是关于弧长s的函数.
使用该算法时,必须首先已知两个状态向量Yk-1Yk-2,它们由式(13)在非多值区域迭代给出,然后下一个状态向量可被预测为
其中,Δs为弧长增量,需人为给定;是指向量的欧氏范数.为了纠正预测的状态向量,一条垂线从Yp引出,然后两点伪弧长算法便能用下列公式描述
其中,Yk为临近Yk-1的待求状态向量.式(17)的Newton-Raphson迭代公式为
由于引入参变量s后,Δω不再人为给定,变为待求量,联立式(13)、式(15)和式(18)便得到以Δs为主动增量的迭代方程
基于式(19),以Δs为主动增量绘制系统主共振曲线的流程可参照Δω
本文中将伽辽金离散阶数n的最大值设置为4,谐波展开阶数Ns最大值设置为5.在伽辽金离散过程中,比较函数ϕjx)与加权函数ϕix)若是均取为正弦的形式,会导致结果中只存在奇数阶的值,偶数阶的值均为零.若是两者均采用余弦的形式,则会得到与正弦互补的结果(这个问题是在本模型的研究过程中偶然发现的,在查阅了大量文献之后发现,目前未有学者针对这个问题做相应研究,并且这种现象的限制条件太多,而且可能还有未发现的条件,所以此结果仅在本文中适用).通过以上两种方式,分别采用IHBM与ODE45两种方法,得到了A1(一阶模态振幅)~A4(四阶模态振幅)的幅频响应曲线,其中ODE45算法中初值设置为q1=0.01,qn=0,n=2,3,4).表1给出了欧拉梁与QZS隔振器的物理与几何参数[8],且在后面的研究中若无特殊说明,均采用此表中数据.
图4~图7为使用IHBM与ODE45获得的欧拉梁横向振动的一阶至四阶模态幅频响应对比图.
可以确定IHBM的近似计算结果与ODE45的计算结果一致.进一步,设置谐波展开阶数Ns的值分别为3、4和5,获得了一阶与二阶振幅在不同谐波展开精度下的对比图,如图8所示.
图8可以看到计算结果在展开到3阶时就已经收敛且具有较高精度.综合考虑计算精度与计算效率,后续计算参数的对比采用三阶展开精度的计算结果.
采用IHBM计算了不同γQZS情况下A1值的变化情况(根据参考文献中的数据取γQZS=4.0,a=0.50;γQZS=7.9,a=0.30;γQZS=26.1,a=0.15;γQZS=55.6,a=0.10),并将结果与四阶龙格库塔方法计算的结果进行对比,结果如图9~图12所示.
可以看到,随着γQZS的增大,一阶主共振稳态振幅的最大值也相应增大.在γQZS小于7.9时,两种算法差异值很小,仅在低频状态下(即频率比ω在0.3附近时候)ODE45算法引起的振幅波动较IHBM算法明显,这部分可能是初始参数的设置造成的影响,可以忽略.
绝对运动传递率是指在一个系统中,输出运动的幅值与输入运动的幅值之比,通常用于描述以及评估振动或动态系统中运动传递的效率,低传递率意味着系统能有效隔离振动,提升舒适性或稳定性.在幅频响应的基础上,图3~图9图3~图10分别对不同γQZS时一阶绝对运动传递率进行了对比分析.其中,第n阶模态的QZS隔振器的绝对运动传递率定义为
对比分析图如图13图14所示.
通过两种算法可以看到,IHBM的图像整体比较光滑,而ODE45的图像则出现了不同程度的波动.在忽略初值引起的波动后,两者算法的结果比较接近.为了防止结果的偶然性,在以上结果的基础上,针对不同k获得的一阶绝对运动传递率进行对比,结果如图15图16所示.
通过以上对比图发现,一阶模态的绝对运动传递率随着k的增大整体亦呈现增大趋势,这种增大程度在低频区间表现较为明显,在高频段则差异较小.并且在ODE45算法中,初值设置引起的频率比ω在0.3附近的波动依然存在,这也进一步印证了以上结论的正确性.
本文首先根据经典欧拉-伯努利方程建立了位移激励作用下,准零刚度隔振器与简支梁桥相结合的非线性隔振模型;其次利用IHBM推导出该模型的近似解;最后将IHBM的近似解与ODE45的数值解进行比较,验证了本文解的有效性,并探究了准零刚度隔振器几何比例系数,竖向弹簧刚度等参数影响下稳态振幅与绝对运动传递率的变化情况,结论如下
(1)在低频区域,随着γQZS的增大,稳态振幅不断增大,增大的趋势越明显,频率比越高、越不明显;
(2)随着γQZS或者k的增大,绝对运动传递率均呈现增大趋势,且在频率比9附近出现了较为明显的跳跃(异常转折仅在本文的运动模型中存在,排除了初值设置以及参数设置问题后,具体原因有待进一步分析);
(3)在较高频率比状态下,ODE45算法的结果容易出现波动断裂等不稳定现象,而IHBM的曲线则相对光滑稳定.
  • 国家自然科学基金(12472026; 12072301)
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2025年第46卷第3期
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doi: 10.15959/j.cnki.0254-0053.2025.03.011
  • 接收时间:2025-02-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-24
  • 出版时间:2025-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-18
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国家自然科学基金(12472026; 12072301)
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    1.西南石油大学 土木工程与测绘学院,四川 成都 610500
    2.西南交通大学 力学与航空航天学院,四川 成都 610500

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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