Article(id=1322954248299884941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322954180431847810, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742745600000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-24, revisedDate=1763827200000, revisedDateStr=2025-11-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793346472096, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1765728000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793346472096, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793346472096, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793346472096, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322954180431847810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='23', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3008', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765728000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793346455915, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793346455915, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2979, endPage=2990, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322954248534765967, articleId=1322954248299884941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Clinical characterization and prognostic modeling of second primary malignancies following gastric adenocarcinoma: a SEER database-based study, columnId=1320435174995772212, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Clinical Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze clinical characteristics affecting survival outcomes in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients with second primary malignancies (SPM) and construct a predictive model with a web-based calculator.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with GAC between January 2010 and December 2017 in the SEER database (n=24 085) were analyzed, comparing non-SPM (n=22 963) and SPM cohorts (n=1 122). SPM patients were randomized (3:1) into training (n=842) and internal validation cohorts (n=280). Univariate/multivariate Cox regression identified prognostic factors for model construction. Model performance was evaluated via ROC curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). A web-based calculator was deployed using DynNom (https://kunma697.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp-1/). External validation used 192 SPM patients diagnosed at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital (2010-2017).

Results

χ² tests revealed SPM patients had higher age (56.3%), earlier T-stage (T1:29.2%; T2:10.5%), predominant gastric cardia involvement (43.7%), fewer distant metastases (12.3%), and higher rates of radiotherapy (32.5%) and surgery (77.2%) vs. non-SPM (P<0.05). Cox analyses identified GAC primary site, T-stage, SEER stage, radiotherapy/surgery history, plus SPM grade/stage/treatment history as significant predictors (P<0.05). AUCs in the training cohort were 0.771 (95%CI:0.722~0.820), 0.839 (95%CI:0.796~0.882), and 0.836 (95%CI: 0.792~0.879) for 1-/3-/5-year survival; internal validation showed 0.751 (95%CI: 0.700~0.801), 0.746 (95%CI: 0.695~0.797), and 0.772 (95%CI: 0.723~0.821); external validation yielded 0.713 (95%CI: 0.648~0.778), 0.805 (95%CI: 0.749~0.861), and 0.851 (95%CI: 0.801~0.901). Calibration indicated high prediction-actuality concordance; DCA confirmed clinical utility.

Conclusion

The model and web calculator incorporating GAC/SPM characteristics effectively predict SPM patient prognosis.

, authors=Hongbin WANG1, Wei HE1, Yifei CHEN2, Kun MA3, Linsong MU4, Zhongchuan LYU4, Zhongliang MA1, authorsList=Hongbin WANG, Wei HE, Yifei CHEN, Kun MA, Linsong MU, Zhongchuan LYU, Zhongliang MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhongliang MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322954251542081946, articleId=1322954248299884941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=胃腺癌继发第二原发性恶性肿瘤临床特征分析及预后模型建立, columnId=1322954218075726467, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=临床医学·论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析影响胃腺癌(gastric adenocarcinoma,GAC)继发第二原发性恶性肿瘤(second primary malignancy,SPM)患者生存结局的临床特征,构建预测模型和网络计算器。

方法

收集监测、流行病学和结果数据库(Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results,SEER)2010年1月至2017年12月被诊断为GAC的患者(n=24 085),对比非SPM患者(n=22 963)与SPM患者(n=1 122)的临床特征。按照3∶1的比例将SPM患者随机分为训练组(n=842)和内部验证组(n=280),使用单因素及多因素Cox回归分析筛选与预后相关的影响因素,基于筛选因素建立预后模型。受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)、校准曲线及决策曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)被用于模型的评价。使用DynNom包将列线图发布至网络中并开发网络计算器。使用2010年1月至2017年12月在烟台毓璜顶医院普外科诊断为GAC后继发SPM的患者(n=192)进行外部验证。

结果

使用χ²检验对比SPM组与非SPM组患者基线数据,相较于非SPM组患者,SPM组患者高龄(56.3%)更多,T分期更倾向于早期,T1(29.2%)、T2(10.5%),GAC原发部位多见于贲门(43.7%),发生远处转移的患者更少(12.3%),接受放疗(32.5%)和手术(77.2%)的比例更高,结果有显著差异(P<0.05)。经单因素及多因素Cox分析显示GAC的原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术史,以及SPM的分级、分期、放疗史、化疗史、手术史是预测患者生存的显著变量(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,训练集中,1年、3年和5年的AUC值分别为0.771(95%CI:722~0.820)、0.839(95%CI:0.796~0.882)和0.836(95%CI:0.792~0.879)。而在内部验证集中,AUC值分别为0.751(95%CI:0.700~0.801)、0.746(95%CI:0.695~0.797)和0.772(95%CI:0.723~0.821)。外部验证集的AUC值分别为0.713(95%CI:0.648~0.778)、0.805(95%CI:0.749~0.861)和0.851(95%CI:0.801~0.901)。校准曲线的预测值与实际值具有较高吻合度,决策曲线表明了模型的优秀临床净收益。开发了可用于在线公开验证的网络平台(https://kunma697.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp-1/)。

结论

依照GAC和SPM临床特征建立的预测模型和网络计算器可以有效评估SPM患者的预后。

, authors=王鸿彬1, 贺薇1, 陈逸菲2, 马坤3, 穆林松4, 吕忠船4, 马中良1, authorsList=王鸿彬, 贺薇, 陈逸菲, 马坤, 穆林松, 吕忠船, 马中良, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马中良, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
马中良,E-mail:
MA Zhongliang,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=bCpkN8/p1yGFYVFtDI7SFg==, magXml=OHFoOyiGRrDkRqYgV9fm1w==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=QbxY0BH5/PImUDB/nzDBBQ==, pdfFileSize=978260, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=iddtM3ya/0SsShLL3wafxA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=9cyJOtXUzX9SAervIs8atQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322954252234142120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252318028202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252234142120, language=EN, stringName=Hongbin WANG, firstName=Hongbin, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252406108587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252234142120, language=CN, stringName=王鸿彬, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)])]), Author(id=1322954252544520621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252649378223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252544520621, language=EN, stringName=Wei HE, firstName=Wei, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252766818736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252544520621, language=CN, stringName=贺薇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)])]), Author(id=1322954252892647858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252993311156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252892647858, language=EN, stringName=Yifei CHEN, firstName=Yifei, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2School of The First Clinical Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253064614325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252892647858, language=CN, stringName=陈逸菲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251915375006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251932152223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251915375006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of The First Clinical Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251944735136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251915375006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛)])]), Author(id=1322954253127528887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253207220665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253127528887, language=EN, stringName=Kun MA, firstName=Kun, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3School of Clinical Medicine,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253270135226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253127528887, language=CN, stringName=马坤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954252032815521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252045398434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252032815521, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3School of Clinical Medicine,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252057981347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252032815521, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台)])]), Author(id=1322954253354021308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253429518782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253354021308, language=EN, stringName=Linsong MU, firstName=Linsong, middleName=null, lastName=MU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253492433343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253354021308, language=CN, stringName=穆林松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954252150256036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252158644645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252167033254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台)])]), Author(id=1322954253567930817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253651816899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253567930817, language=EN, stringName=Zhongchuan LYU, firstName=Zhongchuan, middleName=null, lastName=LYU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253706342852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253567930817, language=CN, stringName=吕忠船, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954252150256036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252158644645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252167033254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台)])]), Author(id=1322954253794423238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhongliangma@qdu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253924446664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253794423238, language=EN, stringName=Zhongliang MA, firstName=Zhongliang, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954254046081481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253794423238, language=CN, stringName=马中良, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322954255736385995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=stomach neoplasms), Keyword(id=1322954255816077772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=second primary neoplasms), Keyword(id=1322954255891575245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results Program), Keyword(id=1322954256088707534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=prognostic model), Keyword(id=1322954256151622095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=胃肿瘤), Keyword(id=1322954256206148048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=第二原发性恶性肿瘤), Keyword(id=1322954256290034129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=监测、流行病学和最终结果数据库计划), Keyword(id=1322954256357142994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=预后模型)], refs=[Reference(id=1322954260765356519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30127-X, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=6, issue=5, pageStart=e555, pageEnd=e567, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=ZENG H M, CHEN W Q, ZHENG R S, journalName=Lancet Glob Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZENG H M,CHEN W Q,ZHENG R S,et al. Changing cancer survival in China during 2003-15:a pooled analysis of 17 population-based cancer registries[J]. Lancet Glob Health,2018,6(5):e555-e567., articleTitle=Changing cancer survival in China during 2003-15:a pooled analysis of 17 population-based cancer registries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954260882797033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.4531, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=7, issue=11, pageStart=1718, pageEnd=1720, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=BATENI S B, COBURN N G, LAW C H L, journalName=JAMA Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BATENI S B,COBURN N G,LAW C H L,et al. Incidence and predictors of second primary cancers in patients with neuroendocrine tumors[J]. JAMA Oncol,2021,7(11):1718-1720., articleTitle=Incidence and predictors of second primary cancers in patients with neuroendocrine tumors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954261222535658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0414, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=15, issue=11, pageStart=2020, pageEnd=2026, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=TRAVIS L B, journalName=Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TRAVIS L B. The epidemiology of second primary cancers[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2006,15(11):2020-2026., articleTitle=The epidemiology of second primary cancers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954261562274283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314605, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=67, issue=1, pageStart=28, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=CHEUNG K S, CHAN E W, WONG A Y S, journalName=Gut, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEUNG K S,CHAN E W,WONG A Y S,et al. Long-term proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastric cancer development after treatment for Helicobacter pylori:a population-based study[J]. Gut,2018,67(1):28-35., articleTitle=Long-term proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastric cancer development after treatment for Helicobacter pylori:a population-based study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954261700686316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.4143/crt.2016.089, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=48, issue=2, pageStart=436, pageEnd=450, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=OH C M, WON Y J, JUNG K W, journalName=Cancer Res Treat, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OH C M,WON Y J,JUNG K W,et al. Cancer statistics in Korea:incidence,mortality,survival,and prevalence in 2013[J]. Cancer Res Treat,2016,48(2):436-450., articleTitle=Cancer statistics in Korea:incidence,mortality,survival,and prevalence in 2013, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262032036333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1001/jama.2017.0693, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=317, issue=8, pageStart=814, pageEnd=824, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=TURCOTTE L M, LIU Q, YASUI Y, journalName=JAMA, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TURCOTTE L M,LIU Q,YASUI Y,et al. Temporal trends in treatment and subsequent neoplasm risk among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer,1970-2015[J]. JAMA,2017,317(8):814-824., articleTitle=Temporal trends in treatment and subsequent neoplasm risk among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer,1970-2015, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262191419886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1002/cncr.29685, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=122, issue=1, pageStart=116, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=LEE J S, DUBOIS S G, COCCIA P F, journalName=Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LEE J S,DUBOIS S G,COCCIA P F,et al. Increased risk of second malignant neoplasms in adolescents and young adults with cancer[J]. Cancer,2016,122(1):116-123., articleTitle=Increased risk of second malignant neoplasms in adolescents and young adults with cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262258528751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.2147/CLEP.S304332, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=515, pageEnd=525, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=ZHENG G Q, SUNDQUIST K, SUNDQUIST J, journalName=Clin Epidemiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG G Q,SUNDQUIST K,SUNDQUIST J,et al. Second primary cancers after gastric cancer,and gastric cancer as second primary cancer[J]. Clin Epidemiol,2021,13:515-525., articleTitle=Second primary cancers after gastric cancer,and gastric cancer as second primary cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262413718000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.7717/peerj.15278, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=WANG B, LIU L, journalName=PeerJ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG B,LIU L. Clinical characteristics and prognostic nomogram analysis of patients with dual primary cancers with first gastric cancer:a retrospective study in China[J]. PeerJ,2023,11:e15278., articleTitle=Clinical characteristics and prognostic nomogram analysis of patients with dual primary cancers with first gastric cancer:a retrospective study in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262535352817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.3389/fonc.2016.00082, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=6, issue=null, pageStart=82, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=SHAH B K, KHANAL A, HEWETT Y, journalName=Front Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHAH B K,KHANAL A,HEWETT Y. Second primary malignancies in adults with gastric cancer—a US population-based study[J]. Front Oncol,2016,6:82., articleTitle=Second primary malignancies in adults with gastric cancer—a US population-based study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262602461682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1007/s00432-023-05073-7, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=149, issue=13, pageStart=11779, pageEnd=11790, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=SHI J X, PENG B, WANG C H, journalName=J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI J X,PENG B,WANG C H,et al. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting overall survival of resected N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant radiotherapy[J]. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol,2023,149(13):11779-11790., articleTitle=Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting overall survival of resected N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant radiotherapy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262690542067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71116-7, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=16, issue=4, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=BALACHANDRAN V P, GONEN M, SMITH J J, journalName=Lancet Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BALACHANDRAN V P,GONEN M,SMITH J J,et al. Nomograms in oncology:more than meets the eye[J]. Lancet Oncol,2015,16(4):e173-80., articleTitle=Nomograms in oncology:more than meets the eye, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262866702836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.018, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=126, issue=null, pageStart=13, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=NIEDER C, MEHTA M P, GEINITZ H, journalName=Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NIEDER C,MEHTA M P,GEINITZ H,et al. Prognostic and predictive factors in patients with brain metastases from solid tumors:a review of published nomograms[J]. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol,2018,126:13-18., articleTitle=Prognostic and predictive factors in patients with brain metastases from solid tumors:a review of published nomograms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954262942200309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7480, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=20, issue=23, pageStart=7480, pageEnd=7487, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=ŁAWNICZAK M, GAWIN A, JAROSZEWICZ-HEIGELMANN H, journalName=World J Gastroenterol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ŁAWNICZAK M,GAWIN A,JAROSZEWICZ-HEIGELMANN H,et al. Synchronous and metachronous neoplasms in gastric cancer patients:a 23-year study[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(23):7480-7487., articleTitle=Synchronous and metachronous neoplasms in gastric cancer patients:a 23-year study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954264645087735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1016/j.canep.2017.08.007, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=50, issue=null, pageStart=85, pageEnd=91, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=MORAIS S, ANTUNES L, BENTO M J, journalName=Cancer Epidemiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MORAIS S,ANTUNES L,BENTO M J,et al. Risk of second primary cancers among patients with a first primary gastric cancer:a population-based study in North Portugal[J]. Cancer Epidemiol,2017,50(Pt A):85-91., articleTitle=Risk of second primary cancers among patients with a first primary gastric cancer:a population-based study in North Portugal, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954264712196600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1002/cncr.29049, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=120, issue=Suppl 23, pageStart=3755, pageEnd=3757, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=CRONIN K A, RIES L A G, EDWARDS B K, journalName=Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CRONIN K A,RIES L A G,EDWARDS B K. The surveillance,epidemiology,and end results (SEER) program of the national cancer institute[J]. Cancer,2014,120(Suppl 23):3755-3757., articleTitle=The surveillance,epidemiology,and end results (SEER) program of the national cancer institute, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954264783499769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1007/s12029-016-9845-1, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=47, issue=3, pageStart=247, pageEnd=254, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=MYSURU SHIVANNA L, UROOJ A, journalName=J Gastrointest Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MYSURU SHIVANNA L,UROOJ A. A review on dietary and non-dietary risk factors associated with gastrointestinal cancer[J]. J Gastrointest Cancer,2016,47(3):247-254., articleTitle=A review on dietary and non-dietary risk factors associated with gastrointestinal cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954264842220026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1007/s11764-014-0370-6, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=8, issue=4, pageStart=611, pageEnd=617, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=PACHECO-FIGUEIREDO L, LUNET N, journalName=J Cancer Surviv, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PACHECO-FIGUEIREDO L,LUNET N. Health status,use of healthcare,and socio-economic implications of cancer survivorship in Portugal:results from the Fourth National Health Survey[J]. J Cancer Surviv,2014,8(4):611-617., articleTitle=Health status,use of healthcare,and socio-economic implications of cancer survivorship in Portugal:results from the Fourth National Health Survey, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954264921911803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1038/s41580-020-0237-9, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=21, issue=6, pageStart=341, pageEnd=352, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=YANG J, ANTIN P, BERX G, journalName=Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG J,ANTIN P,BERX G,et al. Guidelines and definitions for research on epithelial-mesenchymal transition[J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2020,21(6):341-352., articleTitle=Guidelines and definitions for research on epithelial-mesenchymal transition, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954264984826364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1007/s00268-010-0868-7, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=700, pageEnd=701, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=HANISCH E, BATSIS C, journalName=World J Surg, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HANISCH E,BATSIS C. Clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal cancer patients with synchronous and metachronous gastric cancer[J]. World J Surg,2011,35(3):700-701., articleTitle=Clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal cancer patients with synchronous and metachronous gastric cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265064518141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1200/JCO.23.00428, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=41, issue=27, pageStart=4381, pageEnd=4393, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=IM C, SHARAFELDIN N, YUAN Y, journalName=J Clin Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IM C,SHARAFELDIN N,YUAN Y,et al. Polygenic risk and chemotherapy-related subsequent malignancies in childhood cancer survivors:a childhood cancer survivor study and ST Jude lifetime cohort study report[J]. J Clin Oncol,2023,41(27):4381-4393., articleTitle=Polygenic risk and chemotherapy-related subsequent malignancies in childhood cancer survivors:a childhood cancer survivor study and ST Jude lifetime cohort study report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265127432702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.5761/atcs.oa.12.01921, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=19, issue=5, pageStart=341, pageEnd=344, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=21, authorNames=ISHIGAKI T, YOSHIMASU T, OURA S, journalName=Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ISHIGAKI T,YOSHIMASU T,OURA S,et al. Surgical treatment for metachronous second primary lung cancer after radical resection of primary lung cancer[J]. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2013,19(5):341-344., articleTitle=Surgical treatment for metachronous second primary lung cancer after radical resection of primary lung cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265194541567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.05.050, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=98, issue=4, pageStart=1192, pageEnd=1198, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=22, authorNames=YANG J, LIU M, FAN J, journalName=Ann Thorac Surg, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG J,LIU M,FAN J,et al. Surgical treatment of metachronous second primary lung cancer[J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2014,98(4):1192-1198., articleTitle=Surgical treatment of metachronous second primary lung cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265274233344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.3390/genes11010099, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=99, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=23, authorNames=NICKOLOFF J A, SHARMA N, TAYLOR L, journalName=Genes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NICKOLOFF J A,SHARMA N,TAYLOR L. Clustered DNA double-strand breaks:biological effects and relevance to cancer radiotherapy[J]. Genes,2020,11(1):99., articleTitle=Clustered DNA double-strand breaks:biological effects and relevance to cancer radiotherapy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265332953601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.16016/j.1000-5404.202007005, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=20, pageStart=2046, pageEnd=2056, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=24, authorNames=李传红, 胡鹏, 欧晏娇, journalName=第三军医大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李传红,胡鹏,欧晏娇,等. 预测小肝癌患者生存率列线图的建立和验证[J]. 第三军医大学学报,2020,42(20):2046-2056., articleTitle=预测小肝癌患者生存率列线图的建立和验证, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265400062466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.16016/j.1000-5404.202007005, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=20, pageStart=2046, pageEnd=2056, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=25, authorNames=LI C H, HU P, OU Y J, journalName=J Third Mil Med Univ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI C H,HU P,OU Y J,et al. Development and validation of nomogram for predicting survival outcomes in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Third Mil Med Univ,2020,42(20):2046-2056., articleTitle=Development and validation of nomogram for predicting survival outcomes in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265471365635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1186/s12885-020-07666-8, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=4, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=26, authorNames=TONG Y L, ZHAO Y, SHAN Z X, journalName=BMC Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TONG Y L,ZHAO Y,SHAN Z X,et al. CA724 predicts overall survival in locally advanced gastric cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy[J]. BMC Cancer,2021,21(1):4., articleTitle=CA724 predicts overall survival in locally advanced gastric cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265576223236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1038/s41571-021-00501-4, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=18, issue=9, pageStart=547, pageEnd=557, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=27, authorNames=CHAFT J E, RIMNER A, WEDER W, journalName=Nat Rev Clin Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHAFT J E,RIMNER A,WEDER W,et al. Evolution of systemic therapy for stages Ⅰ~Ⅲ non-metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2021,18(9):547-557., articleTitle=Evolution of systemic therapy for stages Ⅰ~Ⅲ non-metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265647526405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1016/j.prro.2015.02.013, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=5, issue=3, pageStart=149, pageEnd=155, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=28, authorNames=RODRIGUES G, CHOY H, BRADLEY J, journalName=Pract Radiat Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RODRIGUES G,CHOY H,BRADLEY J,et al. Adjuvant radiation therapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer:executive summary of an American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based clinical practice guideline[J]. Pract Radiat Oncol,2015,5(3):149-155., articleTitle=Adjuvant radiation therapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer:executive summary of an American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based clinical practice guideline, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265706246662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1200/JCO.21.01589, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=546, pageEnd=555, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=29, authorNames=CHAFT J E, SHYR Y, SEPESI B, journalName=J Clin Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHAFT J E,SHYR Y,SEPESI B,et al. Preoperative and postoperative systemic therapy for operable non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol,2022,40(6):546-555., articleTitle=Preoperative and postoperative systemic therapy for operable non-small-cell lung cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322954265777549831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, doi=10.1309/AJCPPCKGA2QGBJ1R, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=133, issue=1, pageStart=141, pageEnd=148, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=30, authorNames=HOSTEIN I, FAUR N, PRIMOIS C, journalName=Am J Clin Pathol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HOSTEIN I,FAUR N,PRIMOIS C,et al. BRAF mutation status in gastrointestinal stromal tumors[J]. Am J Clin Pathol,2010,133(1):141-148., articleTitle=BRAF mutation status in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322954251915375006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251932152223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251915375006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of The First Clinical Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251944735136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251915375006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322954252032815521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252045398434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252032815521, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3School of Clinical Medicine,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252057981347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252032815521, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322954252150256036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252158644645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252167033254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322954256491360723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Data filtering process, figureFileSmall=hiPLYzztiYRRgSfxGoftMg==, figureFileBig=iddtM3ya/0SsShLL3wafxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954256571052500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=图1, caption=数据筛选流程, figureFileSmall=hiPLYzztiYRRgSfxGoftMg==, figureFileBig=iddtM3ya/0SsShLL3wafxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954256789156309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Survival curves for 1,3 and 5-year overall survival in GAC patients with SPM, figureFileSmall=xWqTxtIVctC/JRhTRb29zw==, figureFileBig=MOmc9dGuAOwo/F7mg18BMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954256965317078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=图2, caption=预测GAC患者SPM的1、3和5年OS列线图, figureFileSmall=xWqTxtIVctC/JRhTRb29zw==, figureFileBig=MOmc9dGuAOwo/F7mg18BMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257045008855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=ROC curves for 1,3,and 5-year survival in the training set (A),internal validation set (B),and external validation set (C), figureFileSmall=yPUobqgTBUdQc7SStn9z4w==, figureFileBig=yAQ9JN6WFKz9vL9tjwbg9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257116312024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=图3, caption=训练集(A)、内部验证集(B)及外部验证集中(C)1、3、5年的ROC曲线, figureFileSmall=yPUobqgTBUdQc7SStn9z4w==, figureFileBig=yAQ9JN6WFKz9vL9tjwbg9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257208586713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Calibration curves for the training set (A),internal validation set (B),and external validation set (C) at 1,3,and 5-years, figureFileSmall=aHhfUnwycSG5GDH+llTwfA==, figureFileBig=U9kimu8FmF+gVlHsmRu9iA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257330221530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=图4, caption=训练集(A)、内部验证集(B)及外部验证集中(C)1、3、5年的校准曲线, figureFileSmall=aHhfUnwycSG5GDH+llTwfA==, figureFileBig=U9kimu8FmF+gVlHsmRu9iA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257397330395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=DCA curves for 1,3,and 5-years in the training set (A),internal validation set (B),and external validation set (C), figureFileSmall=rBJkpRDuyamdz+Wv+B/1vQ==, figureFileBig=9tdxQ1HXsqoAYe1Juefwtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257514770908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=图5, caption=训练集(A)、内部验证集(B)及外部验证集中(C)1、3、5年的DCA曲线, figureFileSmall=rBJkpRDuyamdz+Wv+B/1vQ==, figureFileBig=9tdxQ1HXsqoAYe1Juefwtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954257753846237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesNon-SPM group(n=22 963)SPM group(n=1 122)Overall(n=24 085)χ2P
Age/years47.669<0.001
20~6412 456(54.2)490(43.7)12 946(53.8)
65~8010 507(45.8)632(56.3)11 139(46.2)
Primary site82.493<0.001
Antrum3 892(17.0)213(19.0)4 105(17.0)
Body2 132(9.3)88(7.8)2 220(9.2)
Cardia8 323(36.3)490(43.7)8 813(36.6)
Fundus790(3.4)31(2.8)821(3.4)
Greater769(3.3)46(4.1)815(3.4)
Lesser1 634(7.1)96(8.6)1 730(7.2)
Overlapping1 725(7.5)46(4.1)1 771(7.4)
Pylorus529(2.3)33(2.9)562(2.3)
Unknown3 169(13.8)79(7.0)3 248(13.5)
T grade263.910<0.001
T13 807(16.6)328(29.2)4 135(17.2)
T21 401(6.1)118(10.5)1 519(6.3)
T34 390(19.1)290(25.9)4 680(19.4)
T43 276(14.3)95(8.5)3 371(14.0)
Unknown10 089(43.9)291(25.9)10 380(43.1)
SEER stage598.290<0.001
Distant10 483(45.7)138(12.3)10 621(44.1)
Localized4 231(18.4)458(40.8)4 689(19.5)
Regional6 969(30.3)476(42.4)7 445(30.9)
Unknown1 280(5.6)50(4.5)1 330(5.5)
Radiation63.378<0.001
Unknown17 847(77.7)757(67.5)18 604(77.2)
Yes5 116(22.3)365(32.5)54 81(22.8)
Surgery547.970<0.001
Unknown1 339(58.3)256(22.8)13 650(56.7)
Yes9 569(41.7)866(77.2)10 435(43.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954257854509534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

GAC患者的基本资料[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesNon-SPM group(n=22 963)SPM group(n=1 122)Overall(n=24 085)χ2P
Age/years47.669<0.001
20~6412 456(54.2)490(43.7)12 946(53.8)
65~8010 507(45.8)632(56.3)11 139(46.2)
Primary site82.493<0.001
Antrum3 892(17.0)213(19.0)4 105(17.0)
Body2 132(9.3)88(7.8)2 220(9.2)
Cardia8 323(36.3)490(43.7)8 813(36.6)
Fundus790(3.4)31(2.8)821(3.4)
Greater769(3.3)46(4.1)815(3.4)
Lesser1 634(7.1)96(8.6)1 730(7.2)
Overlapping1 725(7.5)46(4.1)1 771(7.4)
Pylorus529(2.3)33(2.9)562(2.3)
Unknown3 169(13.8)79(7.0)3 248(13.5)
T grade263.910<0.001
T13 807(16.6)328(29.2)4 135(17.2)
T21 401(6.1)118(10.5)1 519(6.3)
T34 390(19.1)290(25.9)4 680(19.4)
T43 276(14.3)95(8.5)3 371(14.0)
Unknown10 089(43.9)291(25.9)10 380(43.1)
SEER stage598.290<0.001
Distant10 483(45.7)138(12.3)10 621(44.1)
Localized4 231(18.4)458(40.8)4 689(19.5)
Regional6 969(30.3)476(42.4)7 445(30.9)
Unknown1 280(5.6)50(4.5)1 330(5.5)
Radiation63.378<0.001
Unknown17 847(77.7)757(67.5)18 604(77.2)
Yes5 116(22.3)365(32.5)54 81(22.8)
Surgery547.970<0.001
Unknown1 339(58.3)256(22.8)13 650(56.7)
Yes9 569(41.7)866(77.2)10 435(43.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954257934201311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Standardized incidence rates of secondary primary malignancies by site (n)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Selected eventsObservedExpectedSIR(95%CI)
All sites1 122817.831.37(1.29~1.45)a
Oral cavity and pharynx2222.890.96(0.60~1.45)
Esophagus5010.084.96(3.68~6.54)a
Stomach20115.4213.03(11.29~14.97)a
Small intestine224.504.89(3.06~7.40)a
Colon,rectum and anus8570.041.21(0.97~1.50)
Liver2419.721.22(0.78~1.81)
Bile ducts127.051.70(0.88~2.98)
Pancreas4826.781.79(1.32~2.38)a
Lung and bronchus133111.301.19(1.00~1.42)a
Skin3543.200.81(0.51~1.30)
Breast6464.870.99(0.76~1.26)
Corpus uteri1214.100.85(0.44~1.49)
Ovary95.191.73(0.79~3.29)
Prostate135167.300.81(0.68~0.96)a
Urinary bladder5545.781.20(0.91~1.56)
Kidney3829.711.28(0.91~1.76)
Brain77.860.89(0.36~1.84)
Thyroid3011.312.65(1.79~3.79)a
Lymphoma3336.290.91(0.63~1.28)
Myeloma214.910.13(0.02~0.48)a
Leukemia3223.701.35(0.92~1.91)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954258013893088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各部位发生第二原发性恶性肿瘤标准化发病率(例)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Selected eventsObservedExpectedSIR(95%CI)
All sites1 122817.831.37(1.29~1.45)a
Oral cavity and pharynx2222.890.96(0.60~1.45)
Esophagus5010.084.96(3.68~6.54)a
Stomach20115.4213.03(11.29~14.97)a
Small intestine224.504.89(3.06~7.40)a
Colon,rectum and anus8570.041.21(0.97~1.50)
Liver2419.721.22(0.78~1.81)
Bile ducts127.051.70(0.88~2.98)
Pancreas4826.781.79(1.32~2.38)a
Lung and bronchus133111.301.19(1.00~1.42)a
Skin3543.200.81(0.51~1.30)
Breast6464.870.99(0.76~1.26)
Corpus uteri1214.100.85(0.44~1.49)
Ovary95.191.73(0.79~3.29)
Prostate135167.300.81(0.68~0.96)a
Urinary bladder5545.781.20(0.91~1.56)
Kidney3829.711.28(0.91~1.76)
Brain77.860.89(0.36~1.84)
Thyroid3011.312.65(1.79~3.79)a
Lymphoma3336.290.91(0.63~1.28)
Myeloma214.910.13(0.02~0.48)a
Leukemia3223.701.35(0.92~1.91)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954258164888033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Basic information of patients with second primary malignancies [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesTraining cohort(n=842)Internal validation cohort(n=280)Overall(n=1 122)χ2P
Primary site7.0900.527
Antrum151(17.9)62(22.1)213
Body64(7.6)24(8.6)88
Cardia363(43.1)127(45.4)490
Fundus24(2.9)7(2.5)31
Greater37(4.4)9(3.2)46
Lesser75(8.9)21(7.5)96
Overlapping37(4.4)9(3.2)46
Pylorus28(3.3)5(1.8)33
Unknown63(7.5)16(5.7)79
T grade7.8460.097
T1235(27.9)93(33.2)328
T294(11.2)24(8.6)118
T3210(24.9)80(28.6)290
T471(8.4)24(8.6)95
Unknown232(27.6)59(21.1)291
SEER stage2.0880.554
Distant107(12.7)31(11.1)138
Localized342(40.6)116(41.4)458
Regional352(41.8)124(44.3)476
Unknown41(4.9)9(3.2)50
Radiation1.3580.244
Unknown576(68.4)181(64.6)757
Yes266(31.6)99(35.4)365
Surgery3.2020.074
Unknown203(24.1)53(18.9)256
Yes639(75.9)227(81.1)866
SPM grade2.5420.637
Ⅰ59(7)21(7.5)80
Ⅱ122(14.5)42(15)164
Ⅲ101(12)35(12.5)136
Ⅳ18(2.1)2(0.7)20
Unknown542(64.4)180(64.3)722
SPM stage0.2040.977
Distant57(6.8)18(6.4)75
Localized265(31.5)88(31.4)353
Regional80(9.5)29(10.4)109
Unknown440(52.3)145(51.8)585
SPM chemotherapy0.6870.407
Unknown635(75.4)218(77.9)853
Yes207(24.6)62(22.1)269
SPM radiation0.2580.611
Unknown677(80.4)229(81.8)906
Yes165(19.6)51(18.2)216
SPM surgery0.1500.700
Unknown473(56.2)161(57.5)634
Yes369(43.8)119(42.5)488
), ArticleFig(id=1322954258257162722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

第二原发性恶性肿瘤患者的基本资料[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesTraining cohort(n=842)Internal validation cohort(n=280)Overall(n=1 122)χ2P
Primary site7.0900.527
Antrum151(17.9)62(22.1)213
Body64(7.6)24(8.6)88
Cardia363(43.1)127(45.4)490
Fundus24(2.9)7(2.5)31
Greater37(4.4)9(3.2)46
Lesser75(8.9)21(7.5)96
Overlapping37(4.4)9(3.2)46
Pylorus28(3.3)5(1.8)33
Unknown63(7.5)16(5.7)79
T grade7.8460.097
T1235(27.9)93(33.2)328
T294(11.2)24(8.6)118
T3210(24.9)80(28.6)290
T471(8.4)24(8.6)95
Unknown232(27.6)59(21.1)291
SEER stage2.0880.554
Distant107(12.7)31(11.1)138
Localized342(40.6)116(41.4)458
Regional352(41.8)124(44.3)476
Unknown41(4.9)9(3.2)50
Radiation1.3580.244
Unknown576(68.4)181(64.6)757
Yes266(31.6)99(35.4)365
Surgery3.2020.074
Unknown203(24.1)53(18.9)256
Yes639(75.9)227(81.1)866
SPM grade2.5420.637
Ⅰ59(7)21(7.5)80
Ⅱ122(14.5)42(15)164
Ⅲ101(12)35(12.5)136
Ⅳ18(2.1)2(0.7)20
Unknown542(64.4)180(64.3)722
SPM stage0.2040.977
Distant57(6.8)18(6.4)75
Localized265(31.5)88(31.4)353
Regional80(9.5)29(10.4)109
Unknown440(52.3)145(51.8)585
SPM chemotherapy0.6870.407
Unknown635(75.4)218(77.9)853
Yes207(24.6)62(22.1)269
SPM radiation0.2580.611
Unknown677(80.4)229(81.8)906
Yes165(19.6)51(18.2)216
SPM surgery0.1500.700
Unknown473(56.2)161(57.5)634
Yes369(43.8)119(42.5)488
), ArticleFig(id=1322954258357826019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis of prognosis in patients with second primary malignancies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesUnivariate Cox analysisMultivariate Cox analysis
HR (95%CI)PHR (95%CI)P
Primary site
Antrum1
Body0.86(0.58~1.28)0.4580.92(0.61~1.41)0.711
Cardia1.10(0.86~1.40)0.4681.05(0.79~1.38)0.748
Fundus0.86(0.46~1.61)0.6410.90(0.46~1.73)0.746
Greater1.16(0.72~1.86)0.5451.56(0.95~2.58)0.079
Lesser1.18(0.83~1.69)0.3511.42(0.99~2.04)0.060
Overlapping1.31(0.84~2.03)0.2291.71(1.08~2.70)0.022
Pylorus2.25(1.41~3.59)0.0012.04(1.26~3.30)0.004
Unknown1.06(0.73~1.55)0.7591.07(0.72~1.59)0.743
T group
T11
T21.13(0.82~1.56)0.4621.03(0.72~1.47)0.888
T31.52(1.20~1.94)<0.0011.13(0.82~1.56)0.459
T42.30(1.68~3.15)<0.0011.50(1.01~2.24)0.046
Unknown1.63(1.27~2.09)<0.0011.89(1.12~3.17)0.017
SEER stage
Distant1
Localized0.42(0.32~0.55)<0.0010.68(0.46~1.00)0.049
Regional0.66(0.51~0.86)0.0020.91(0.67~1.24)0.551
Unknown0.77(0.50~1.19)0.2440.54(0.32~0.92)0.022
Radiation
Unknown1
Yes1.39(1.16~1.66)<0.0011.55(1.18~2.03)0.002
Surgery
Unknown1
Yes0.57(0.47~0.69)<0.0010.71(0.56~0.90)0.005
SPM grade
Ⅰ1
Ⅱ1.48(0.94~2.33)0.0911.26(0.78~2.04)0.337
Ⅲ3.06(1.95~4.81)<0.0011.75(1.08~2.84)0.022
Ⅳ3.29(1.75~6.17)<0.0012.92(1.51~5.67)0.002
Unknown2.43(1.61~3.66)<0.0011.52(0.97~2.39)0.069
SPM stage
Distant1
Localized0.24(0.17~0.33)<0.0010.43(0.30~0.61)<0.001
Regional0.42(0.29~0.61)<0.0010.63(0.42~0.94)0.024
Unknown0.49(0.36~0.66)<0.0010.55(0.39~0.77)<0.001
SPM chemotherapy
Unknown1
Yes1.68(1.39~2.04)<0.0011.38(1.12~1.69)0.002
SPM radiation
Unknown1
Yes0.75(0.59~0.94)0.0140.65(0.51~0.83)<0.001
SPM surgery
Unknown1
Yes0.34(0.28~0.41)<0.0010.39(0.31~0.48)<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322954258588512740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

第二原发性恶性肿瘤患者预后单因素和多因素Cox回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesUnivariate Cox analysisMultivariate Cox analysis
HR (95%CI)PHR (95%CI)P
Primary site
Antrum1
Body0.86(0.58~1.28)0.4580.92(0.61~1.41)0.711
Cardia1.10(0.86~1.40)0.4681.05(0.79~1.38)0.748
Fundus0.86(0.46~1.61)0.6410.90(0.46~1.73)0.746
Greater1.16(0.72~1.86)0.5451.56(0.95~2.58)0.079
Lesser1.18(0.83~1.69)0.3511.42(0.99~2.04)0.060
Overlapping1.31(0.84~2.03)0.2291.71(1.08~2.70)0.022
Pylorus2.25(1.41~3.59)0.0012.04(1.26~3.30)0.004
Unknown1.06(0.73~1.55)0.7591.07(0.72~1.59)0.743
T group
T11
T21.13(0.82~1.56)0.4621.03(0.72~1.47)0.888
T31.52(1.20~1.94)<0.0011.13(0.82~1.56)0.459
T42.30(1.68~3.15)<0.0011.50(1.01~2.24)0.046
Unknown1.63(1.27~2.09)<0.0011.89(1.12~3.17)0.017
SEER stage
Distant1
Localized0.42(0.32~0.55)<0.0010.68(0.46~1.00)0.049
Regional0.66(0.51~0.86)0.0020.91(0.67~1.24)0.551
Unknown0.77(0.50~1.19)0.2440.54(0.32~0.92)0.022
Radiation
Unknown1
Yes1.39(1.16~1.66)<0.0011.55(1.18~2.03)0.002
Surgery
Unknown1
Yes0.57(0.47~0.69)<0.0010.71(0.56~0.90)0.005
SPM grade
Ⅰ1
Ⅱ1.48(0.94~2.33)0.0911.26(0.78~2.04)0.337
Ⅲ3.06(1.95~4.81)<0.0011.75(1.08~2.84)0.022
Ⅳ3.29(1.75~6.17)<0.0012.92(1.51~5.67)0.002
Unknown2.43(1.61~3.66)<0.0011.52(0.97~2.39)0.069
SPM stage
Distant1
Localized0.24(0.17~0.33)<0.0010.43(0.30~0.61)<0.001
Regional0.42(0.29~0.61)<0.0010.63(0.42~0.94)0.024
Unknown0.49(0.36~0.66)<0.0010.55(0.39~0.77)<0.001
SPM chemotherapy
Unknown1
Yes1.68(1.39~2.04)<0.0011.38(1.12~1.69)0.002
SPM radiation
Unknown1
Yes0.75(0.59~0.94)0.0140.65(0.51~0.83)<0.001
SPM surgery
Unknown1
Yes0.34(0.28~0.41)<0.0010.39(0.31~0.48)<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322954260278817253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Characteristics of the external validation cohort[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesExternal validation cohort(n=192)VariablesExternal validation cohort(n=192)
Primary siteSurgery
Antrum59 (30.7)Unknown57 (29.7)
Body17 (8.9)Yes135 (70.3)
Cardia53 (27.6)SPM grade
Fundus9 (4.7)I27 (14.1)
Greater11 (5.7)Ⅱ38 (19.8)
Lesser19 (9.9)Ⅲ21 (10.9)
Overlapping4 (2.1)Ⅳ7 (3.6)
Pylorus9 (4.7)Unknown99 (51.6)
Unknown11 (5.7)SPM stage
T gradeDistant14 (7.3)
T158 (30.2)Localized79 (41.1)
T230 (15.6)Regional20 (10.5)
T348 (25.0)Unknown79 (41.1)
T414 (7.3)SPM chemotherapy
Unknown42 (21.9)Unknown149 (77.6)
SEER stageYes43 (22.4)
Distant48 (25.0)SPM radiation
Localized71 (37.0)Unknown115 (59.9)
Regional65 (33.8)Yes77 (40.1)
Unknown8 (4.2)SPM surgery
RadiationUnknown128 (66.7)
Unknown142 (74.0)Yes64 (33.3)
Yes50 (26.0)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954260396257766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

外部验证队列的基本资料[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesExternal validation cohort(n=192)VariablesExternal validation cohort(n=192)
Primary siteSurgery
Antrum59 (30.7)Unknown57 (29.7)
Body17 (8.9)Yes135 (70.3)
Cardia53 (27.6)SPM grade
Fundus9 (4.7)I27 (14.1)
Greater11 (5.7)Ⅱ38 (19.8)
Lesser19 (9.9)Ⅲ21 (10.9)
Overlapping4 (2.1)Ⅳ7 (3.6)
Pylorus9 (4.7)Unknown99 (51.6)
Unknown11 (5.7)SPM stage
T gradeDistant14 (7.3)
T158 (30.2)Localized79 (41.1)
T230 (15.6)Regional20 (10.5)
T348 (25.0)Unknown79 (41.1)
T414 (7.3)SPM chemotherapy
Unknown42 (21.9)Unknown149 (77.6)
SEER stageYes43 (22.4)
Distant48 (25.0)SPM radiation
Localized71 (37.0)Unknown115 (59.9)
Regional65 (33.8)Yes77 (40.1)
Unknown8 (4.2)SPM surgery
RadiationUnknown128 (66.7)
Unknown142 (74.0)Yes64 (33.3)
Yes50 (26.0)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1319372634082869396, delFlag=0, nameCn=陆军军医大学学报, nameEn=Journal of Army Medical University, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=2097-0927, eissn=null, cn=50-1223/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=zdiTazv9TbsMJqLaCJ/k7A==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Army Medical University, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1792492548725, updatedTime=1792745216517, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=L, firstLetterEn=L, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=zdiTazv9TbsMJqLaCJ/k7A==, picEn=931BgeD2k9AIsc7QjHoQKg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1320432400862135101, language=CN, name=陆军军医大学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1792745216813, updatedTime=1792745216813, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ljjydx.portal.founderss.cn, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn, submissionReviewUrl=https://ljjydx.portal.founderss.cn, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1320432400933438270, language=EN, name=Journal of Army Medical University, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1792745216830, updatedTime=1792745216830, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://ljjydx.portal.founderss.cn, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn, submissionReviewUrl=https://ljjydx.portal.founderss.cn, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1319373162502258839, websiteList=[Website(id=1319376331821925278, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1319373162502258839, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1792493430333, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1792493552921, updateBy=18614031015, name=陆军军医大学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=陆军军医大学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1319376971570729589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1792493582861, updateTime=1792493582861, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971549758066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1792493582856, updateTime=1792493582856, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971591701112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493582866, updateTime=1792493582866, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971541369457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=Mmvh7crXM7dcUwf9n9+ehg==, createTime=1792493582854, updateTime=1792493582854, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971608478330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493582870, updateTime=1792493582870, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971562340980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1792493582859, updateTime=1792493582859, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971600089721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493582868, updateTime=1792493582868, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971558146675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1792493582858, updateTime=1792493582858, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971574923894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1792493582862, updateTime=1792493582862, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376971583312503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331821925278, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1792493582864, updateTime=1792493582864, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1319376331905811365, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1319373162502258839, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1792493430353, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1792493548158, updateBy=18614031015, name=陆军军医大学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Army Medical University, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1319376935873008230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1792493574350, updateTime=1792493574350, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935843648099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1792493574343, updateTime=1792493574343, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935902368361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493574357, updateTime=1792493574357, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935835259490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=Mmvh7crXM7dcUwf9n9+ehg==, createTime=1792493574341, updateTime=1792493574341, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935914951275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493574360, updateTime=1792493574360, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935864619621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1792493574348, updateTime=1792493574348, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935906562666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493574358, updateTime=1792493574358, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935856231012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1792493574346, updateTime=1792493574346, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935881396839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1792493574352, updateTime=1792493574352, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319376935889785448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331905811365, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1792493574354, updateTime=1792493574354, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Army Medical University, journalPhotoCn=zdiTazv9TbsMJqLaCJ/k7A==, journalPhotoEn=931BgeD2k9AIsc7QjHoQKg==, journalFirstLetter=L, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/CN/10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/EN/10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/CN/PDF/10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/EN/PDF/10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1765728000000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
胃腺癌继发第二原发性恶性肿瘤临床特征分析及预后模型建立
收藏切换
PDF下载
王鸿彬 1 , 贺薇 1 , 陈逸菲 2 , 马坤 3 , 穆林松 4 , 吕忠船 4 , 马中良 1
陆军军医大学学报 | 临床医学·论著 2025,47(23): 2979-2990
收起
收藏切换
陆军军医大学学报 |临床医学·论著 2025 , 47 (23) : 2979 -2990
胃腺癌继发第二原发性恶性肿瘤临床特征分析及预后模型建立
全屏
[Author(id=1322954252234142120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252318028202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252234142120, language=EN, stringName=Hongbin WANG, firstName=Hongbin, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252406108587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252234142120, language=CN, stringName=王鸿彬, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)])]), Author(id=1322954252544520621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252649378223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252544520621, language=EN, stringName=Wei HE, firstName=Wei, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252766818736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252544520621, language=CN, stringName=贺薇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)])]), Author(id=1322954252892647858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954252993311156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252892647858, language=EN, stringName=Yifei CHEN, firstName=Yifei, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2School of The First Clinical Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253064614325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954252892647858, language=CN, stringName=陈逸菲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251915375006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251932152223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251915375006, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of The First Clinical Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251944735136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251915375006, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛)])]), Author(id=1322954253127528887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253207220665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253127528887, language=EN, stringName=Kun MA, firstName=Kun, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3School of Clinical Medicine,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253270135226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253127528887, language=CN, stringName=马坤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954252032815521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252045398434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252032815521, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3School of Clinical Medicine,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252057981347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252032815521, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台)])]), Author(id=1322954253354021308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253429518782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253354021308, language=EN, stringName=Linsong MU, firstName=Linsong, middleName=null, lastName=MU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253492433343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253354021308, language=CN, stringName=穆林松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954252150256036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252158644645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252167033254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台)])]), Author(id=1322954253567930817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253651816899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253567930817, language=EN, stringName=Zhongchuan LYU, firstName=Zhongchuan, middleName=null, lastName=LYU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253706342852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253567930817, language=CN, stringName=吕忠船, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954252150256036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252158644645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954252167033254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954252150256036, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台)])]), Author(id=1322954253794423238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhongliangma@qdu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322954253924446664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253794423238, language=EN, stringName=Zhongliang MA, firstName=Zhongliang, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322954254046081481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, authorId=1322954253794423238, language=CN, stringName=马中良, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954251818906011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251831488924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954251844071837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954248299884941, companyId=1322954251818906011, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛)])])]
王鸿彬1, 贺薇1, 陈逸菲2, 马坤3, 穆林松4, 吕忠船4, 马中良1
作者信息
  • 1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛
  • 2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛
  • 3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台
  • 4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台
通讯作者:
马中良,E-mail:
MA Zhongliang,E-mail:
Clinical characterization and prognostic modeling of second primary malignancies following gastric adenocarcinoma: a SEER database-based study
Hongbin WANG1, Wei HE1, Yifei CHEN2, Kun MA3, Linsong MU4, Zhongchuan LYU4, Zhongliang MA1
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Breast surgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong
  • 2School of The First Clinical Medicine,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong
  • 3School of Clinical Medicine,Binzhou Medical College,Yantai,Shandong
  • 4Department of General Surgery,Yantai Yuhuanding Hospital,Yantai,Shandong,China
出版时间: 2025-12-15 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

分析影响胃腺癌(gastric adenocarcinoma,GAC)继发第二原发性恶性肿瘤(second primary malignancy,SPM)患者生存结局的临床特征,构建预测模型和网络计算器。

方法

收集监测、流行病学和结果数据库(Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results,SEER)2010年1月至2017年12月被诊断为GAC的患者(n=24 085),对比非SPM患者(n=22 963)与SPM患者(n=1 122)的临床特征。按照3∶1的比例将SPM患者随机分为训练组(n=842)和内部验证组(n=280),使用单因素及多因素Cox回归分析筛选与预后相关的影响因素,基于筛选因素建立预后模型。受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)、校准曲线及决策曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)被用于模型的评价。使用DynNom包将列线图发布至网络中并开发网络计算器。使用2010年1月至2017年12月在烟台毓璜顶医院普外科诊断为GAC后继发SPM的患者(n=192)进行外部验证。

结果

使用χ²检验对比SPM组与非SPM组患者基线数据,相较于非SPM组患者,SPM组患者高龄(56.3%)更多,T分期更倾向于早期,T1(29.2%)、T2(10.5%),GAC原发部位多见于贲门(43.7%),发生远处转移的患者更少(12.3%),接受放疗(32.5%)和手术(77.2%)的比例更高,结果有显著差异(P<0.05)。经单因素及多因素Cox分析显示GAC的原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术史,以及SPM的分级、分期、放疗史、化疗史、手术史是预测患者生存的显著变量(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,训练集中,1年、3年和5年的AUC值分别为0.771(95%CI:722~0.820)、0.839(95%CI:0.796~0.882)和0.836(95%CI:0.792~0.879)。而在内部验证集中,AUC值分别为0.751(95%CI:0.700~0.801)、0.746(95%CI:0.695~0.797)和0.772(95%CI:0.723~0.821)。外部验证集的AUC值分别为0.713(95%CI:0.648~0.778)、0.805(95%CI:0.749~0.861)和0.851(95%CI:0.801~0.901)。校准曲线的预测值与实际值具有较高吻合度,决策曲线表明了模型的优秀临床净收益。开发了可用于在线公开验证的网络平台(https://kunma697.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp-1/)。

结论

依照GAC和SPM临床特征建立的预测模型和网络计算器可以有效评估SPM患者的预后。

胃肿瘤  /  第二原发性恶性肿瘤  /  监测、流行病学和最终结果数据库计划  /  预后模型
Objective

To analyze clinical characteristics affecting survival outcomes in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients with second primary malignancies (SPM) and construct a predictive model with a web-based calculator.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with GAC between January 2010 and December 2017 in the SEER database (n=24 085) were analyzed, comparing non-SPM (n=22 963) and SPM cohorts (n=1 122). SPM patients were randomized (3:1) into training (n=842) and internal validation cohorts (n=280). Univariate/multivariate Cox regression identified prognostic factors for model construction. Model performance was evaluated via ROC curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). A web-based calculator was deployed using DynNom (https://kunma697.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp-1/). External validation used 192 SPM patients diagnosed at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital (2010-2017).

Results

χ² tests revealed SPM patients had higher age (56.3%), earlier T-stage (T1:29.2%; T2:10.5%), predominant gastric cardia involvement (43.7%), fewer distant metastases (12.3%), and higher rates of radiotherapy (32.5%) and surgery (77.2%) vs. non-SPM (P<0.05). Cox analyses identified GAC primary site, T-stage, SEER stage, radiotherapy/surgery history, plus SPM grade/stage/treatment history as significant predictors (P<0.05). AUCs in the training cohort were 0.771 (95%CI:0.722~0.820), 0.839 (95%CI:0.796~0.882), and 0.836 (95%CI: 0.792~0.879) for 1-/3-/5-year survival; internal validation showed 0.751 (95%CI: 0.700~0.801), 0.746 (95%CI: 0.695~0.797), and 0.772 (95%CI: 0.723~0.821); external validation yielded 0.713 (95%CI: 0.648~0.778), 0.805 (95%CI: 0.749~0.861), and 0.851 (95%CI: 0.801~0.901). Calibration indicated high prediction-actuality concordance; DCA confirmed clinical utility.

Conclusion

The model and web calculator incorporating GAC/SPM characteristics effectively predict SPM patient prognosis.

stomach neoplasms  /  second primary neoplasms  /  Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results Program  /  prognostic model
王鸿彬, 贺薇, 陈逸菲, 马坤, 穆林松, 吕忠船, 马中良. 胃腺癌继发第二原发性恶性肿瘤临床特征分析及预后模型建立. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (23) : 2979 -2990 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071
Hongbin WANG, Wei HE, Yifei CHEN, Kun MA, Linsong MU, Zhongchuan LYU, Zhongliang MA. Clinical characterization and prognostic modeling of second primary malignancies following gastric adenocarcinoma: a SEER database-based study[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (23) : 2979 -2990 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071
胃癌(gastric carcinoma,GC)是我国常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,发病率及病死率长期位居肿瘤前三位,每年新发病例约47.9万例,占全球病例的44%。胃腺癌(gastric adenocarcinoma,GAC)作为胃癌的主要亚型,占所有病例的90%以上。随着早筛体系与多学科诊疗模式的完善,我国GAC患者5年生存率已显著提升至35.1%[1]。而伴随生存期延长,第二原发性恶性肿瘤(second primary malignancy,SPM)对患者生存的影响日益显著。
SPM定义为GAC确诊至少2个月后新发的独立恶性肿瘤(排除转移或复发)[2]。国际癌症研究机构(International Agency for Research on Cancer,IARC)数据显示,SPM占所有新发癌症的16.7%,胃癌幸存者的标准化发病率(standardized incidence ratio,SIR)为1.25~1.38,显著高于普通人群[3]。一项亚洲人群研究显示,GAC患者SPM发生率为2.5%~4.5%,65岁以上老年患者风险升至20%,SPM多见于结直肠、肺及头颈部等部位[4-5],约占所有癌症病例的1/6[6-7]。目前,相关研究多集中于SPM的发生部位或基础病理特征,样本量有限,缺乏系统的预后分析;针对GAC患者的SPM风险识别及预后预测工具尚未建立,难以满足临床个体化随访与二级预防的需求。ZHENG等[8]和WANG等[9]仅聚焦于GAC患者SPM的临床病理特征分析,揭示了SPM多继发于原发癌组织学中低度分化以及病理特征的早期,最常见继发SPM的器官为食管和直肠。SHAH等[10]仅发现GAC患者SPM风险较一般人群增加。
目前,国内外尚缺乏适用于GAC患者的SPM风险分层工具,导致临床难以制定个体化监测方案。因此,建立基于大样本的SPM预测模型具有重要临床价值。列线图是一种临床预后评估工具,可整合多种预后因素并可视化呈现结果[11-13]。本研究利用SEER数据库的大样本资料,结合国内独立队列进行外部验证,系统分析影响GAC患者SPM预后的相关因素,构建适用于临床的预后列线图模型,以期为GAC幸存者的风险分层与随访管理提供量化工具。
本研究为基于数据库的回顾性队列研究,根据纳入和排除标准,最终从SEER数据库提取2010年1月至2017年12月被诊断为GAC的患者数据(n=24 085),按是否发生SPM分为非SPM组(n=22 963)与SPM组(n=1 122)。同时收集烟台毓璜顶医院普外科2010年1月至2017年12月确诊为GAC后继发SPM的患者数据(n=192)。
纳入标准:①根据国际肿瘤疾病分类第三版(ICD-O-3),病种诊断为GC;②肿瘤部位被限制为胃癌(C16.0-C16.9);③第一个恶性原发性指标代码“是”,行为代码“恶性”;④符合ICD-O-3胃腺癌编码标准;⑤年龄为20~80岁;⑥组织学类型代码:8140/3,8144/3,8210/3,8211/3,8255/3,9260/3,8261/3,8263/2,8323/3,8480/3,8481/3,8490/3。排除标准:①报告来源仅为尸检或未经病理诊断;②患者发生>2次原发性恶性肿瘤。数据筛选流程图见图1,该研究已获得山东省烟台毓璜顶医院伦理委员会批准(烟毓医伦理审〔2025-082〕号)。
回顾性收集患者的临床病理资料,包括包括:①人口学特征:诊断年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状态;②GAC临床特征:原发部位、T分期、N分期、肿瘤大小、分级与SEER分期;③SPM临床特征:SPM部位、分级与分期;④治疗史:放疗史、化疗史、手术史;⑤生存信息:生存时间、患者结局;⑥标识变量:序列号。
计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ²检验;采用SEER*Stat 8.4.4软件的多原发癌标准化发病率(multiple primary standardized incidence ratios,MP-SIR)模块,计算GAC患者SPM的SIR,并与一般人群参考组进行比较。采用Cox比例风险回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析,探讨临床病理变量与SPM患者总生存期(overall survival,OS)的关系,确定预后因素。基于显著风险因素构建列线图,用于预测SPM患者1年、3年及5年生存率。为验证列线图性能,采用ROC曲线评估1年、3年及5年生存预测效能,并通过校准曲线评估预测结果与实际结果的一致性,同时利用决策曲线分析(decision curve analysis,DCA)曲线评估临床收益。为便于临床应用,开发了基于列线图的网络计算器,用于GAC患者SPM的个体化生存预测及术后治疗优化。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义,所有检验均为双侧,结果以95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)表示。本研究所有统计分析均采用R语言软件(版本4.4.2)以及SEER*Stat 8.4.4软件完成。
使用χ²检验对非SPM组与SPM组患者基线数据进行比较,相较于非SPM组,SPM组患者的高龄组占比显著更高(56.3%),T分期更倾向于早期,即T1(29.2%)、T2(10.5%),GAC原发部位多见于贲门(43.7%),发生远处转移的患者更少(12.3%),接受放疗(32.5%)和手术(77.2%)的比例更高,结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表1。其余变量的差异无统计学意义。SPM组患者整体基线特征更为良好,这为其后续发生SPM提供了时间优势。
相较于一般人群,GAC患者再次发生食道(SIR:4.96)、胃(SIR:13.03)、小肠(SIR:4.89)、胰腺(SIR:1.79)、肺及支气管(SIR:1.19)、甲状腺(SIR:2.65)的相对风险较高,前列腺(SIR:0.81)、和骨髓瘤(SIR:0.13)的相对风险较低,差异具有统计学意义(P< 0.05),见表2。
共纳入1 122例发生SPM的GAC患者进一步分析。所有患者按3∶1的比例被随机分配为训练组(n= 842)和验证组(n= 280)。通过χ²检验验证,2组患者在GAC原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术史、SPM分级、SPM分期、SPM化疗史、SPM放疗史及SPM手术史等变量上均无显著差异(P>0.05,表3)。训练集用于构建列线图,内部验证集用于内部验证模型性能。
Cox单因素分析结果显示:GAC的原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术史,以及SPM的分级、分期、放疗史、化疗史、手术史是预测患者生存的显著变量是SPM患者生存的独立预测变量,见表4。基于单因素和多因素Cox回归分析结果,使用GAC原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术、SPM分级、SPM分期、SPM放疗史、SPM化疗史及SPM手术史等10个参数,构建了预测1年、3年和5年OS的列线图,见图2。
为进一步检验模型准确性,基于研究建立预测模型纳入的变量,收集烟台毓璜顶医院的192例患者数据作为外部验证组。在外部验证队列当中,患者GAC原发部位为胃窦患者占比高于训练组(30.7% vs 17.9%)与内部验证组(30.7% vs 22.1%),患者伴随GAC的远处转移比例大(25.0% vs 12.7% vs 11.1%)。此外,SPM受放疗比例明显高于其余两组[(40.1% vs 19.6%)和(40.1% vs 18.2%)],见表5。
为全面评估本研究中构建的列线图模型的预测性能,本研究采用了时间依赖性ROC曲线分析,以验证模型在不同时间节点上的预测能力。绘制1、3和5年的ROC曲线,并对各时间点的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)进行了计算。在本研究中,训练集中,1、3和5年的AUC值分别为0.771、0.839和0.836(图3A)。在内部验证集中,AUC值分别为0.751、0.746和0.772(图3B),仍保持较高的预测准确性,表明模型具有较好的泛化能力。外部验证集的AUC值分别为0.713、0.805和0.851(图3C),进一步证明该预测模型在不同人群中的适用性和可靠性。为了进一步验证模型的准确性,本研究使用了校准曲线来评估预测结果与实际观察结果的一致性。训练集、内部验证集和外部验证集的OS校准曲线均与45°对角线高度吻合(图4),表明模型的预测结果与实际结果非常接近,预测性能出色。最后,本研究使用DCA曲线进一步评估模型的临床实用性。本研究展示了训练集、内部验证集和外部验证集的DCA曲线结果,决策曲线表明,模型在多个临床决策阈值范围内均能提供较高的净收益,证明该预测模型具有较高的临床实用性(图5)。
本研究开发了基于网页的在线决策工具(https://kunma697.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp-1/),用于预测GAC患者SPM的生存期。该工具的个性化生存预测功能允许用户通过左侧交互界面输入临床参数,包括:GAC的原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术史,以及SPM的分级、分期、放疗史、化疗史和手术史等。系统根据输入参数自动生成Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,直观展示患者的预后趋势。在随访时间预测模块中,输入目标时间点可获取定量生存概率,为临床决策提供可视化数据支持。
基于SEER数据库的大样本数据,本研究系统分析了GAC患者发生SPM的临床特征。与非SPM组相比,SPM组患者年龄更大、原发胃腺癌分期较早、肿瘤体积更小,且接受手术和放疗的比例更高。这些发现表明,早期诊断和积极治疗虽能延长生存期,但也可能因生存时间延长而增加SPM发生的风险窗口。SPM的分布具有消化道聚集特性,胃(SIR=13.03)、食管(SIR=4.96)和小肠(SIR=4.89)的标准化发病率显著高于普通人群。这些发现与既往ŁAWNICZAK等[14]和MORAIS等[15]的研究结果一致。这可能与消化道肿瘤的遗传易感性、共同致癌因素(如幽门螺杆菌感染、吸烟、饮食习惯等)、治疗相关毒性(如放疗)以及内镜监测的普及有关[16]。有研究指出,消化道相关的饮食因素如酒精和不良饮食习惯以及非饮食相关的幽门螺旋杆菌等是促进消化系统癌症发生的重要因素[17]。胃肠道肿瘤的幸存者将被要求或自我要求进行定期内窥镜检查以防止复发,这也大大增加了队列中消化系统恶性肿瘤的检出率[18]。因此,应该更加关注GAC幸存者中消化系统肿瘤发生的可能性,加强随访和筛查。
多因素Cox分析显示,GAC的原发部位、T分期、SEER分期、放疗史、手术史,以及SPM的分级、分期、放疗史、化疗史、手术史是影响SPM患者预后的显著因素。原发肿瘤部位已被证明是影响患者生存结果的因素之一。T分期反映肿瘤浸润深度,突破浆膜层不仅增加局部侵犯风险,还可通过上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)促进微转移[19]。SPM病理分期越晚期,SPM患者的OS越短,这些结果与以前的研究相似。HANISCH等[20]证明,结肠直肠癌的晚期和淋巴管浸润是影响结肠直肠癌患者OS和无进展生存期的独立风险因素。化疗药物在非实体肿瘤中促进SPM发生的作用已被证实,但在GAC中并未表现出明显影响,这一因素需要进一步研究与讨论[21]。虽然手术切除被证实可显著改善原发癌和SPM患者的生存[22],大多数外科医生建议手术切除是可以耐受手术的SPM患者最有价值的治疗方法,但选择何种术式以及手术范围的确定仍被广泛争论[23]。而放疗可能因DNA损伤和正常组织毒性增加继发肿瘤风险,提示需个体化调整剂量与靶区[24]。
列线图通过整合多因素预后分析,广泛应用于临床研究[25]。本研究基于胃原发癌临床特征,构建了针对SPM患者的列线图预测模型。该模型利用SEER数据库大样本信息进行开发,并采用单中心外部数据验证,证实其在不同人群中的适用性。模型将多维临床参数量化为综合风险评分,可个体化预测患者1、3及5年总生存率,为临床决策提供参考。针对高危患者,建议采取强化治疗方案并建立严密的动态监测体系,如每月进行影像学检查及肿瘤标志物检测,以期通过积极的干预措施显著提升这部分患者的生存获益[26]。
尽管本研究严格遵守了回顾性研究需要遵循的要点,研究获得的列线图模型性能较好,但仍存在一定局限性,首先,本研究仍不可避免地可能存在选择偏倚,例如因数据不完整而被排除的病例。其次,SEER数据库不包含化疗、放疗等具体信息,例如化疗药物的剂量和靶区体积,以及患者术前、术后是否接受辅助放、化疗等信息[27-29]。SEER数据库也不包含合并症、生活方式和危险因素、环境暴露和家族史等。这些因素对于SPM患者来说同样重要,缺乏这些特征可能会影响我们数据的可靠性。某些潜在基因突变位点可能会影响对药物的反应以及临床结局,如BRAF、NF-1等[30],SEER癌症登记处并没有记载关于这些因素的相关信息,这些潜在因素因此并未纳入列线图中,这同样可能导致列线图的缺陷。最后,虽然本研究的模型在内部验证集以及单中心的外部验证中表现良好,但仍需其他随机、多中心、大样本量和长期随访设计的研究来进一步验证模型的稳定性。
综上所述,本研究基于GAC继发SPM患者关键临床病理特征及治疗参数,构建并验证了一个具有良好区分度与校准度的预后预测模型。在此基础上,进一步开发了基于网络的动态计算平台,实现了对患者个体化生存概率的实时、量化评估。该工具将复杂的多因素分析转化为可视化的临床决策辅助,不仅为识别高危患者、制定个体化监测策略提供了重要依据,也为推动胃癌幸存者的精准随访管理与治疗优化提供了切实可行的量化工具。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
ZENG H M,CHEN W Q,ZHENG R S,et al. Changing cancer survival in China during 2003-15:a pooled analysis of 17 population-based cancer registries[J]. Lancet Glob Health,2018,6(5):e555-e567.
2
BATENI S B,COBURN N G,LAW C H L,et al. Incidence and predictors of second primary cancers in patients with neuroendocrine tumors[J]. JAMA Oncol,2021,7(11):1718-1720.
3
TRAVIS L B. The epidemiology of second primary cancers[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2006,15(11):2020-2026.
4
CHEUNG K S,CHAN E W,WONG A Y S,et al. Long-term proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastric cancer development after treatment for Helicobacter pylori:a population-based study[J]. Gut,2018,67(1):28-35.
5
OH C M,WON Y J,JUNG K W,et al. Cancer statistics in Korea:incidence,mortality,survival,and prevalence in 2013[J]. Cancer Res Treat,2016,48(2):436-450.
6
TURCOTTE L M,LIU Q,YASUI Y,et al. Temporal trends in treatment and subsequent neoplasm risk among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer,1970-2015[J]. JAMA,2017,317(8):814-824.
7
LEE J S,DUBOIS S G,COCCIA P F,et al. Increased risk of second malignant neoplasms in adolescents and young adults with cancer[J]. Cancer,2016,122(1):116-123.
8
ZHENG G Q,SUNDQUIST K,SUNDQUIST J,et al. Second primary cancers after gastric cancer,and gastric cancer as second primary cancer[J]. Clin Epidemiol,2021,13:515-525.
9
WANG B,LIU L. Clinical characteristics and prognostic nomogram analysis of patients with dual primary cancers with first gastric cancer:a retrospective study in China[J]. PeerJ,2023,11:e15278.
10
SHAH B K,KHANAL A,HEWETT Y. Second primary malignancies in adults with gastric cancer—a US population-based study[J]. Front Oncol,2016,6:82.
11
SHI J X,PENG B,WANG C H,et al. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting overall survival of resected N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant radiotherapy[J]. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol,2023,149(13):11779-11790.
12
BALACHANDRAN V P,GONEN M,SMITH J J,et al. Nomograms in oncology:more than meets the eye[J]. Lancet Oncol,2015,16(4):e173-80.
13
NIEDER C,MEHTA M P,GEINITZ H,et al. Prognostic and predictive factors in patients with brain metastases from solid tumors:a review of published nomograms[J]. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol,2018,126:13-18.
14
ŁAWNICZAK M,GAWIN A,JAROSZEWICZ-HEIGELMANN H,et al. Synchronous and metachronous neoplasms in gastric cancer patients:a 23-year study[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(23):7480-7487.
15
MORAIS S,ANTUNES L,BENTO M J,et al. Risk of second primary cancers among patients with a first primary gastric cancer:a population-based study in North Portugal[J]. Cancer Epidemiol,2017,50(Pt A):85-91.
16
CRONIN K A,RIES L A G,EDWARDS B K. The surveillance,epidemiology,and end results (SEER) program of the national cancer institute[J]. Cancer,2014,120(Suppl 23):3755-3757.
17
MYSURU SHIVANNA L,UROOJ A. A review on dietary and non-dietary risk factors associated with gastrointestinal cancer[J]. J Gastrointest Cancer,2016,47(3):247-254.
18
PACHECO-FIGUEIREDO L,LUNET N. Health status,use of healthcare,and socio-economic implications of cancer survivorship in Portugal:results from the Fourth National Health Survey[J]. J Cancer Surviv,2014,8(4):611-617.
19
YANG J,ANTIN P,BERX G,et al. Guidelines and definitions for research on epithelial-mesenchymal transition[J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2020,21(6):341-352.
20
HANISCH E,BATSIS C. Clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal cancer patients with synchronous and metachronous gastric cancer[J]. World J Surg,2011,35(3):700-701.
21
IM C,SHARAFELDIN N,YUAN Y,et al. Polygenic risk and chemotherapy-related subsequent malignancies in childhood cancer survivors:a childhood cancer survivor study and ST Jude lifetime cohort study report[J]. J Clin Oncol,2023,41(27):4381-4393.
22
ISHIGAKI T,YOSHIMASU T,OURA S,et al. Surgical treatment for metachronous second primary lung cancer after radical resection of primary lung cancer[J]. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2013,19(5):341-344.
23
YANG J,LIU M,FAN J,et al. Surgical treatment of metachronous second primary lung cancer[J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2014,98(4):1192-1198.
24
NICKOLOFF J A,SHARMA N,TAYLOR L. Clustered DNA double-strand breaks:biological effects and relevance to cancer radiotherapy[J]. Genes,2020,11(1):99.
25
李传红,胡鹏,欧晏娇,等. 预测小肝癌患者生存率列线图的建立和验证[J]. 第三军医大学学报,2020,42(20):2046-2056.
LI C H,HU P,OU Y J,et al. Development and validation of nomogram for predicting survival outcomes in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Third Mil Med Univ,2020,42(20):2046-2056.
26
TONG Y L,ZHAO Y,SHAN Z X,et al. CA724 predicts overall survival in locally advanced gastric cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy[J]. BMC Cancer,2021,21(1):4.
27
CHAFT J E,RIMNER A,WEDER W,et al. Evolution of systemic therapy for stages Ⅰ~Ⅲ non-metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol,2021,18(9):547-557.
28
RODRIGUES G,CHOY H,BRADLEY J,et al. Adjuvant radiation therapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer:executive summary of an American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based clinical practice guideline[J]. Pract Radiat Oncol,2015,5(3):149-155.
29
CHAFT J E,SHYR Y,SEPESI B,et al. Preoperative and postoperative systemic therapy for operable non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol,2022,40(6):546-555.
30
HOSTEIN I,FAUR N,PRIMOIS C,et al. BRAF mutation status in gastrointestinal stromal tumors[J]. Am J Clin Pathol,2010,133(1):141-148.
2025年第47卷第23期
PDF下载
18
6
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071
  • 接收时间:2025-03-24
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-12-15
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-24
  • 修回日期:2025-11-23
基金
作者信息
    1青岛大学附属医院乳腺外科,山东 青岛
    2青岛大学第一临床医学院,山东 青岛
    3滨州医学院临床医学院,山东 烟台
    4烟台毓璜顶医院普外科,山东 烟台

通讯作者:

马中良,E-mail:
MA Zhongliang,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ljjydxxb/CN/10.16016/j.2097-0927.202503071
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏