Article(id=1322934881319264823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322934685818564977, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412046, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733760000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-10, revisedDate=1739894400000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341854647, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1743264000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341854647, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341854647, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341854647, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322934685818564977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='6', pageStart='489', pageEnd='628', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1743264000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341808037, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793341808037, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=623, endPage=628, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322934882934071865, articleId=1322934881319264823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Association of Rab37 gene polymorphism and delayed menarche: a report of 2 060 women, columnId=1322210927869546994, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Public Health and Preventive Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective‍

To explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Rab37 gene and the age at menarche(AAM).

Methods‍

A case-control study design was used to conduct an epidemiologic survey on 2 060 women in a community in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, and their venous blood samples were collected. ASA chip was used to explore the Rab37 gene genotyping of blood sample DNA to obtain the genotyping results for Rab37 SNPs rs62084865, rs10512597, rs35489971, rs1037170, rs6501732, rs77822106, and rs3178300. Based on menarche time of <16 years old or ≥16 years old, the participants were divided into 2 groups. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between the SNP of Rab37 gene and the age at menarche based on dominant, recessive and allelic models.

Results‍

Among the 2 060 healthy women, 944 women had normal menstrual periods, while 1 116 women experienced delayed menarche. Linear regression analysis showed that the gene polymorphism of rs3178300 was negatively correlated with the age at menarche in females [recessive model: CC/CT+TT, β=-0.915, 95%CI(-1.692,-0.137), P=0.021; allelic model: T/C,β=-0.221, 95%CI(-0.410,-0.032), P=0.022]. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the gene polymorphism of rs3178300 was significantly associated with the risk of delayed menarche in females [recessive model: CC/CT+TT, OR=0.295, 95%CI (0.116,0.751), P=0.010; allelic model: T/C, OR=0.796, 95%CI(0.652,0.972), P=0.025]. The remaining 6 SNPs showed no significant association with age at menarche.

Conclusion‍

The rs3178300 polymorphism of Rab37 gene is significantly associated with delayed menarche in Chinese women.

, authors=Meng YUAN1, 2, Yang CAI1, 3, Xiaoyu FANG1, Hongyao LYU1, Jiao WANG1, Xiangyu MA1, authorsList=Meng YUAN, Yang CAI, Xiaoyu FANG, Hongyao LYU, Jiao WANG, Xiangyu MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiangyu MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322934884179780154, articleId=1322934881319264823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联研究, columnId=1322210929626960372, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=公共卫生与预防医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究Rab37基因的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与月经初潮年龄(age at menarche,AAM)的关联。

方法

本研究采用病例对照研究设计,对江苏省句容市某社区的2 060名女性进行流行病学调查,并采集静脉血样。使用ASA芯片对血样DNA进行Rab37基因分型,获得参与者的SNP rs62084865、rs10512597、rs35489971、rs1037170、rs6501732、rs77822106、rs3178300分型结果。根据月经初潮时间<16周岁和≥16周岁将参与者分成2组。通过线性回归分析和Logistic回归分析,采用显性模型、隐性模型和等位基因模型,探索Rab37基因的多态性与月经初潮时间的关联性。

结果

在2 060名健康女性中,944名女性月经时间正常,1 116名女性出现月经初潮延迟。线性回归分析结果显示rs3178300的基因多态性与女性月经初潮时间呈负相关[隐性模型:CC/CT+TT,β=-0.915,95%CI(-1.692,-0.137),P=0.021;等位基因模型:T/C,β=-0.221,95%CI(-0.410,-0.032),P=0.022]。Logistic回归分析结果显示rs3178300的基因多态性与女性月经初潮推迟风险显著相关[隐性模型:CC/CT+TT,OR=0.295,95%CI(0.116,0.751),P=0.010;等位基因模型:T/C,OR=0.796,95%CI(0.652,0.972),P=0.025]。其余的6个SNP与月经初潮年龄的关联不显著。

结论

Rab37基因的rs3178300多态性与中国女性的月经初潮延迟显著相关。

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马翔宇,E-mail:
MA Xiangyu,E-mail:
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变量特征月经初潮时间正常组(n=944)月经初潮延迟组(n=1 116)t/χ2P
年龄/岁52.37±7.7055.76±6.6410.737<0.001
月经初潮年龄/岁14.20±0.8717.27±1.2961.941<0.001
BMI/(kg/m2)25.60±3.4125.06±3.373.577<0.001
吸烟5(0.5)6(0.5)0.0010.980
饮酒89(9.4)130(11.7)2.6770.102
糖尿病84(8.9)105(9.4)0.1600.689
高血压275(29.1)341(30.6)0.4950.482
), ArticleFig(id=1322934893856039537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934881319264823, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

月经初潮时间正常组和延迟组的一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量特征月经初潮时间正常组(n=944)月经初潮延迟组(n=1 116)t/χ2P
年龄/岁52.37±7.7055.76±6.6410.737<0.001
月经初潮年龄/岁14.20±0.8717.27±1.2961.941<0.001
BMI/(kg/m2)25.60±3.4125.06±3.373.577<0.001
吸烟5(0.5)6(0.5)0.0010.980
饮酒89(9.4)130(11.7)2.6770.102
糖尿病84(8.9)105(9.4)0.1600.689
高血压275(29.1)341(30.6)0.4950.482
), ArticleFig(id=1322934893935731314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934881319264823, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SNP显性模型隐性模型等位模型
基因型样本量β95%CIP基因型样本量β95%CIP基因型样本量β95%CIP
rs62084865CT+CC1 173-0.097(-0.262,0.068)0.248CC2140.077(-0.191,0.345)0.575C1 387-0.039(-0.164,0.086)0.540
TT887TT+CT1 846T2 733
rs10512597CT+TT881-0.043(-0.208,0.122)0.610TT1060.107(-0.264,0.477)0.572T987-0.015(-0.153,0.123)0.830
CC1 179CC+CT1 954C3 133
rs35489971GA+AA881-0.031(-0.196,0.134)0.712AA1020.115(-0.262,0.492)0.549A983-0.006(-0.145,0.132)0.929
GG1 179GG+GA1 958G3 137
rs1037170CT+CC1 343-0.040(-0.211,0.132)0.651CC313-0.002(-0.230,0.226)0.986C1 656-0.020(-0.140,0.100)0.744
TT717TT+CT1 747T2 464
rs6501732CT+TT4920.092(-0.100,0.283)0.349TT310.043(-0.629,0.715)0.901T5230.079(-0.096,0.253)0.376
CC1 568CC+CT2029C3 597
rs77822106CT+TT6020.055(-0.125,0.235)0.546TT5560.209(-0.345,0.762)0.460T6480.061(-0.099,0.222)0.452
CC1 458CC+CT2 014C3 472
rs3178300CT+CC407-0.197(-0.403,0.008)0.059CC23-0.915(-1.692,-0.137)0.021C430-0.221(-0.410,-0.032)0.022
TT1 653TT+CT2 037T3 690
), ArticleFig(id=1322934894187389555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934881319264823, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

线性回归模型分析Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联

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SNP显性模型隐性模型等位模型
基因型样本量β95%CIP基因型样本量β95%CIP基因型样本量β95%CIP
rs62084865CT+CC1 173-0.097(-0.262,0.068)0.248CC2140.077(-0.191,0.345)0.575C1 387-0.039(-0.164,0.086)0.540
TT887TT+CT1 846T2 733
rs10512597CT+TT881-0.043(-0.208,0.122)0.610TT1060.107(-0.264,0.477)0.572T987-0.015(-0.153,0.123)0.830
CC1 179CC+CT1 954C3 133
rs35489971GA+AA881-0.031(-0.196,0.134)0.712AA1020.115(-0.262,0.492)0.549A983-0.006(-0.145,0.132)0.929
GG1 179GG+GA1 958G3 137
rs1037170CT+CC1 343-0.040(-0.211,0.132)0.651CC313-0.002(-0.230,0.226)0.986C1 656-0.020(-0.140,0.100)0.744
TT717TT+CT1 747T2 464
rs6501732CT+TT4920.092(-0.100,0.283)0.349TT310.043(-0.629,0.715)0.901T5230.079(-0.096,0.253)0.376
CC1 568CC+CT2029C3 597
rs77822106CT+TT6020.055(-0.125,0.235)0.546TT5560.209(-0.345,0.762)0.460T6480.061(-0.099,0.222)0.452
CC1 458CC+CT2 014C3 472
rs3178300CT+CC407-0.197(-0.403,0.008)0.059CC23-0.915(-1.692,-0.137)0.021C430-0.221(-0.410,-0.032)0.022
TT1 653TT+CT2 037T3 690
), ArticleFig(id=1322934894271275636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934881319264823, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SNP显性模型隐性模型等位模型
基因型样本量OR95%CIP基因型样本量OR95%CIP基因型样本量OR95%CIP
rs62084865CT+CC1 1730.973(0.816,1.159)0.757CC2141.089(0.819,1.449)0.556C1 3871.003(0.878,1.145)0.968
TT887TT+CT1 846T2 733
rs10512597CT+TT8810.998(0.837,1.189)0.980TT1061.155(0.778,1.715)0.475T9871.018(0.880,1.179)0.806
CC1 179CC+CT1 954C3 133
rs35489971GA+AA8811.022(0.858,1.218)0.808AA1021.170(0.782,1.750)0.446A9831.037(0.895,1.201)0.628
GG1 179GG+GA1 958G3 137
rs1037170CT+CC1 3431.048(0.874,1.257)0.614CC3131.054(0.827,1.342)0.672C1 6561.038(0.914,1.18)0.564
TT717TT+CT1 747T2 464
rs6501732CT+TT4921.084(0.884,1.329)0.439TT311.174(0.572,2.409)0.662T5231.080(0.898,1.301)0.414
CC1 568CC+CT2 029C3 597
rs77822106CT+TT6021.047(0.865,1.267)0.636TT5561.455(0.794,2.664)0.225T6481.070(0.902,1.268)0.438
CC1 458CC+CT2 014C3 472
rs3178300CT+CC4070.827(0.665,1.027)0.086CC230.295(0.116,0.751)0.010C4300.796(0.652,0.972)0.025
TT1 653TT+CT2 037T3 690
), ArticleFig(id=1322934894611014261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934881319264823, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

Logistic回归分析Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联

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SNP显性模型隐性模型等位模型
基因型样本量OR95%CIP基因型样本量OR95%CIP基因型样本量OR95%CIP
rs62084865CT+CC1 1730.973(0.816,1.159)0.757CC2141.089(0.819,1.449)0.556C1 3871.003(0.878,1.145)0.968
TT887TT+CT1 846T2 733
rs10512597CT+TT8810.998(0.837,1.189)0.980TT1061.155(0.778,1.715)0.475T9871.018(0.880,1.179)0.806
CC1 179CC+CT1 954C3 133
rs35489971GA+AA8811.022(0.858,1.218)0.808AA1021.170(0.782,1.750)0.446A9831.037(0.895,1.201)0.628
GG1 179GG+GA1 958G3 137
rs1037170CT+CC1 3431.048(0.874,1.257)0.614CC3131.054(0.827,1.342)0.672C1 6561.038(0.914,1.18)0.564
TT717TT+CT1 747T2 464
rs6501732CT+TT4921.084(0.884,1.329)0.439TT311.174(0.572,2.409)0.662T5231.080(0.898,1.301)0.414
CC1 568CC+CT2 029C3 597
rs77822106CT+TT6021.047(0.865,1.267)0.636TT5561.455(0.794,2.664)0.225T6481.070(0.902,1.268)0.438
CC1 458CC+CT2 014C3 472
rs3178300CT+CC4070.827(0.665,1.027)0.086CC230.295(0.116,0.751)0.010C4300.796(0.652,0.972)0.025
TT1 653TT+CT2 037T3 690
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Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联研究
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袁梦 1, 2 , 蔡漾 1, 3 , 房晓渝 1 , 吕宏尧 1 , 王娇 1 , 马翔宇 1
陆军军医大学学报 | 公共卫生与预防医学 2025,47(6): 623-628
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陆军军医大学学报 |公共卫生与预防医学 2025 , 47 (6) : 623 -628
Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联研究
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袁梦1, 2, 蔡漾1, 3, 房晓渝1, 吕宏尧1, 王娇1, 马翔宇1
作者信息
  • 1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,重庆
  • 2西部战区总医院疾病预防控制科,四川 成都
  • 3西南医科大学公共卫生学院,四川 泸州
通讯作者:
马翔宇,E-mail:
MA Xiangyu,E-mail:
Association of Rab37 gene polymorphism and delayed menarche: a report of 2 060 women
Meng YUAN1, 2, Yang CAI1, 3, Xiaoyu FANG1, Hongyao LYU1, Jiao WANG1, Xiangyu MA1
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Epidemiology,Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing
  • 2Department of Disease Control and Prevention,General Hospital of Western Theater Command,Chengdu,Sichuan
  • 3College of Public Health,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou,Sichuan,China
出版时间: 2025-03-30 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412046
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目的

探究Rab37基因的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与月经初潮年龄(age at menarche,AAM)的关联。

方法

本研究采用病例对照研究设计,对江苏省句容市某社区的2 060名女性进行流行病学调查,并采集静脉血样。使用ASA芯片对血样DNA进行Rab37基因分型,获得参与者的SNP rs62084865、rs10512597、rs35489971、rs1037170、rs6501732、rs77822106、rs3178300分型结果。根据月经初潮时间<16周岁和≥16周岁将参与者分成2组。通过线性回归分析和Logistic回归分析,采用显性模型、隐性模型和等位基因模型,探索Rab37基因的多态性与月经初潮时间的关联性。

结果

在2 060名健康女性中,944名女性月经时间正常,1 116名女性出现月经初潮延迟。线性回归分析结果显示rs3178300的基因多态性与女性月经初潮时间呈负相关[隐性模型:CC/CT+TT,β=-0.915,95%CI(-1.692,-0.137),P=0.021;等位基因模型:T/C,β=-0.221,95%CI(-0.410,-0.032),P=0.022]。Logistic回归分析结果显示rs3178300的基因多态性与女性月经初潮推迟风险显著相关[隐性模型:CC/CT+TT,OR=0.295,95%CI(0.116,0.751),P=0.010;等位基因模型:T/C,OR=0.796,95%CI(0.652,0.972),P=0.025]。其余的6个SNP与月经初潮年龄的关联不显著。

结论

Rab37基因的rs3178300多态性与中国女性的月经初潮延迟显著相关。

月经初潮  /  单核苷酸多态性  /  病例对照研究  /  候选基因研究
Objective‍

To explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Rab37 gene and the age at menarche(AAM).

Methods‍

A case-control study design was used to conduct an epidemiologic survey on 2 060 women in a community in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, and their venous blood samples were collected. ASA chip was used to explore the Rab37 gene genotyping of blood sample DNA to obtain the genotyping results for Rab37 SNPs rs62084865, rs10512597, rs35489971, rs1037170, rs6501732, rs77822106, and rs3178300. Based on menarche time of <16 years old or ≥16 years old, the participants were divided into 2 groups. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between the SNP of Rab37 gene and the age at menarche based on dominant, recessive and allelic models.

Results‍

Among the 2 060 healthy women, 944 women had normal menstrual periods, while 1 116 women experienced delayed menarche. Linear regression analysis showed that the gene polymorphism of rs3178300 was negatively correlated with the age at menarche in females [recessive model: CC/CT+TT, β=-0.915, 95%CI(-1.692,-0.137), P=0.021; allelic model: T/C,β=-0.221, 95%CI(-0.410,-0.032), P=0.022]. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the gene polymorphism of rs3178300 was significantly associated with the risk of delayed menarche in females [recessive model: CC/CT+TT, OR=0.295, 95%CI (0.116,0.751), P=0.010; allelic model: T/C, OR=0.796, 95%CI(0.652,0.972), P=0.025]. The remaining 6 SNPs showed no significant association with age at menarche.

Conclusion‍

The rs3178300 polymorphism of Rab37 gene is significantly associated with delayed menarche in Chinese women.

menarche  /  single nucleotide polymorphism  /  case-control studies  /  genetic association studies
袁梦, 蔡漾, 房晓渝, 吕宏尧, 王娇, 马翔宇. Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联研究. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (6) : 623 -628 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412046
Meng YUAN, Yang CAI, Xiaoyu FANG, Hongyao LYU, Jiao WANG, Xiangyu MA. Association of Rab37 gene polymorphism and delayed menarche: a report of 2 060 women[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (6) : 623 -628 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412046
青春期是人体发育的关键阶段,标志着个体从儿童到成年的过渡[1]。初潮年龄(age at menarche,AAM)定义为首次月经来潮的年龄,是女性青春期开始的常见标志[2],由调节性激素水平的下丘脑-脑垂体-性腺轴(hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal,HPG)的激活驱动[3]。既往研究表明,月经初潮时间受到各种环境和遗传因素的影响,如营养状况、体力活动、健康状况、性激素水平和母亲月经初潮时间等[4]。月经初潮过早或延迟与成年后患各种疾病的风险有关[5]。月经初潮时间在10岁或更早被视为月经初潮过早,初潮发生在16岁或更晚则被视为月经初潮过晚[6]。但迄今为止,月经初潮时间的遗传机制尚未完全阐明。近年来,随着人类基因组计划的完善和表观遗传学研究的深入,遗传和环境因素对月经初潮时间的影响机制逐渐被研究人员发现。
Rab GTP酶家族蛋白是膜转运的关键调节因子,Rab37作为一种Rab GTP酶[7]在MC-9肥大细胞株和骨髓肥大细胞中特异性表达[8],并参与囊泡转运和从高尔基体网络到细胞外空间的蛋白质运输[9]。目前已有研究表明,Rab37基因对生殖系统发育具有调控作用,在小鼠卵母细胞中敲除Rab37基因会损害卵巢的巨自噬和自噬功能,干扰卵泡稳态和小鼠卵巢发育[10]。然而,目前尚无Rab37基因是否对健康女性月经初潮时间产生影响的相关研究。本研究采用病例对照研究设计,探讨Rab37基因多态性与健康女性月经初潮时间的关联。
本研究对象来自江苏省句容市某社区2 227名健康女性[11],2015年9-11月通过发放调查问卷获得参与者的人口统计学、吸烟、饮酒与饮茶、饮食情况、身体活动、体质量控制、健康状况、损伤与疼痛、睡眠状况等基本信息,并在禁食8~12 h后采集参与者的外周静脉血进行生化检测和DNA提取。健康女性定义为无重大生殖系统疾病史。累计收集2 200份有效问卷,调查有效率98.8%,收集2 116份静脉血样,调查有效率95.0%。月经初潮时间通过参与者填写调查问卷获得,16岁及以上被认为是月经初潮时间推迟。本研究最终纳入具有月经初潮时间信息、一般人口信息和静脉血样的健康女性2 060人。根据月经初潮时间<16周岁和≥16周岁将参与者分成月经初潮时间正常组和月经初潮延迟组。本研究按照赫尔辛基宣言进行,并已获得南京医科大学伦理委员会批准(2015111)。
本研究采用DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen,69506)试剂盒并且根据说明书进行静脉血样本的DNA抽提及纯化。DNA经NanoDrop® ND-1000 分光光度计和0.8%琼脂糖凝胶电泳质检合格后统一标化为50 ng/μL。每个样本的250 ng DNA经过扩增、片段化、沉淀、重悬后与Illumina ASA芯片进行杂交。特异性杂交的DNA在芯片上进行单碱基的延伸反应,使用激光激发芯片上单碱基延伸产物的荧光基团。通过扫描仪获取荧光基团发出的荧光,并生成高分辨率的图片,得到基因分型数据。
本研究基于ANDERSON等[12]的操作方法,利用plink 1.9对芯片数据进行过滤,得到530 931个SNP位点,并结合1000G Phase3 GRCh37的数据校正芯片数据中的正负链和碱基信息。基于VAN等[13]的操作方法,利用shapeit2得到过滤后芯片数据的相位信息(pre-phased),利用impute2根据1000G Phase3 GRCh37东亚人种频率大于0.01(EAS>0.01)的单倍型(haplotype)数据,进行基因型填充。使用Plink 1.9软件将填充所得结果合并生成最终的vcf文件,包含9 105 256个SNP或indel位点。
对健康女性参与者的测序数据进行质量控制:①次要等位基因频率(minor allele frequency,MAF)<0.05;②Hardy-Weinberg平衡hwe<1e-6;③杂合度检验,去除杂合度3倍标准差以外的个体;④亲缘质控,去除亲属关系密切的个体,亲缘关系系数的最小阈值设定为0.187 5。在美国国家生物技术信息中心(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)搜索了Rab37基因相关信息,获得了7个标签SNP(rs62084865、rs10512597、rs35489971、rs1037170、rs6501732、rs77822106、rs3178300)。56名参与者的血样DNA分型结果未满足质量控制要求,本研究最终纳入2 060名女性静脉血DNA的Rab37基因分型数据。
使用SPSS 27.0统计软件对健康女性问卷数据进行数据库建立和统计分析,对于符合正态分布的测量数据,使用x¯±s表示,两组比较采用t检验;对于不符合正态分布的测量数据,使用M(P75,P25)表示,两组比较使用Mann-Whitney U检验。使用Plink 1.9软件对测序数据进行质量控制[14]。Hardy-Weinberg平衡和分类数据比较采用χ2检验。通过线性回归和Logistic回归分析SNP和月经初潮时间之间的相关性,计算比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(95%CI)。双侧P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
表1列出了句容市女性健康参与者的人口学信息。月经初潮时间正常组944人,月经初潮延迟组1 116人。与月经初潮时间正常组相比,月经初潮延迟组的参与者年龄更大(P<0.001),身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)更小(P<0.001)。2组在吸烟、饮酒情况和高血压、糖尿病病史的差异不显著。
采取线性回归模型使用7个标签SNP分别在显性模型、隐性模型、等位基因模型计算与月经初潮时间的关联(表2)。结果显示:在显性模型中,Rab37基因的7个SNP与月经初潮时间关联不显著;在隐性模型中,SNP rs3178300与月经初潮时间呈现负相关,关联具有统计学意义[CC/CT+TT,β=-0.915,95%CI(-1.692,-0.137),P=0.021],其余6个标签SNP与月经初潮时间关联不显著;在等位基因模型中,SNP rs3178300与月经初潮时间仍呈现负相关,关联具有统计学意义[T/C,β=-0.221,95%CI(-0.410,-0.032),P=0.022],其余6个标签SNP与月经初潮时间关联不显著。
表3列出了rs62084865、rs10512597、rs35489971、rs1037170、rs6501732、rs77822106、rs3178300的基因型与月经初潮时间推迟的关联。在显性模型中,Rab37基因的7个标签SNP与月经初潮推迟的关联不显著;在隐性模型中,rs3178300与月经初潮推迟关联具有统计学意义[CC/CT+TT,OR=0.295,95%CI(0.116,0.751),P=0.010],该SNP是月经初潮推迟的保护因素,其余6个标签SNP与月经初潮推迟的关联不显著;在等位基因模型中,rs3178300与月经初潮推迟关联具有统计学意义[T/C,OR=0.796,95%CI(0.652,0.972),P=0.025],其余6个标签SNP与月经初潮推迟不具有显著相关性。
月经初潮是女性从儿童到性成熟和具备生殖能力的标志性事件[15]。月经初潮发生在女性青春期的晚期,需要成熟的HPG轴和高度协调的激素反馈和调节。只有在生殖系统复杂的激素级联反应完全运作时才能发生。HPG轴的激活促使下丘脑释放促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH),GnRH刺激脑垂体分泌黄体生成素和卵泡刺激素。黄体生成素和卵泡刺激素会刺激卵巢产生雌激素和孕激素,从而促进女性性成熟[16]。当卵巢产生的雌激素水平足够使子宫内膜增生,周期性的雌激素波动引发子宫内膜的脱落和出血即月经[17]。既往研究表明,月经初潮提前是肥胖[18]、代谢综合征、高血压[19]、心衰、2型糖尿病和子宫肌瘤[20]的危险因素,增加自然流产和过早死亡[21]的风险。月经初潮延迟是迟发性阿尔茨海默病、2型糖尿病、心脏病、高血压[22]和慢性阻塞性肺病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)的保护因素[23],但也会增加骨折的风险[24]。
月经初潮时间受到多种因素的影响。目前已被确定为月经初潮提前的风险因素有:母亲的月经初潮时间[25]、母亲的出生年龄[26]、怀孕期间吸烟和饮酒情况[27]、二手烟暴露情况[28]、BMI[27]和饮用含糖饮料水平[29]等。从遗传学角度,近十几年的全基因组关联研究发现了很多参与月经初潮时间调控的基因座。一项大型荟萃分析[30]显示,在欧洲血统女性和中国血统女性中共发现42个与初潮年龄相关的SNP,其中32个SNP的等位基因关联方向相同。一项两阶段的全基因组关联研究(GWAS)[31]对8 073名中国女性进行测序,结果发现2个提示性的初潮年龄位点,位于10q21.3的rs79195475和位于4p15.1的rs1023935,并在东亚女性中复制了在欧洲血统女性中发现的98个初潮位点中的19个,表明月经初潮时间在不同人群中有着共同的遗传结构。一项[32]通过1 387个中国女性队列和2个独立的高加索人队列的研究验证发现基因SPOCK,该基因有7个SNPs与月经初潮时间相关,其中SNP rs13357391和rs1859345在3个队列中得到了复制。SPOCK基因可以抑制基质金属蛋白酶-2的激活,是促进子宫内膜月经破裂和月经出血发生的关键因素,支持SPOCK基因是月经初潮变异的基础。
Rab37基因是Ras癌基因家族的成员,编码的小型GTP酶在膜运输和蛋白质转运中起着关键调节作用。XU等[10]研究发现,卵母细胞中条件性敲除Rab37基因会损害卵巢中的巨自噬/自噬水平,并干扰小鼠的卵泡稳态和卵巢发育。该研究证实了Rab37基因介导的自噬在卵泡稳态和卵巢发育中的重要作用。但目前尚无对于Rab37基因多态性与疾病风险的研究。本研究采用病例对照研究设计,对江苏省句容市某社区的2 060名女性进行流行病学调查,并采集静脉血样。使用ASA芯片对血样DNA进行Rab37基因分型,探索Rab37基因多态性与月经初潮延迟的关联性。结果显示,在隐性模型中,与rs3178300 TT+TC基因型携带者相比,CC基因型携带者月经初潮延迟的易感性降低了70.5%。在等位基因模型中,C等位基因的携带者比T等位基因的携带者发生月经初潮延迟的风险降低了20.4%。因此,Rab37基因的SNP rs3178300基因多态性可能改变卵泡细胞的内环境稳态,影响女性卵巢的发育和性激素分泌,最终导致月经初潮时间异常。
Rab37在人类胰岛b细胞和胰岛素分泌颗粒上均有表达,并对胰岛素的合成和分泌具有调控作用[33],在维持血糖稳态方面对于胰腺至关重要,参与糖尿病的发生发展,并且在颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成中发挥调控作用[34]。在有利于糖尿病发展的生理病理条件下,Rab37蛋白表达水平显著降低[35]。Rab37蛋白参与非小细胞肺癌以及巨噬细胞和T细胞等免疫细胞的分泌功能和膜蛋白的外排[36]。生物信息学分析表明Rab37在阿尔茨海默病中存在差异表达[37]。作为囊泡运输的关键调节因子,Rab37蛋白在人类前肠区室化过程中发挥着潜在的作用,表达水平的降低增大了食管闭锁和气管食管瘘的发病风险[38]。
本研究证实了Rab37基因的单核苷酸多态性与月经初潮延迟风险相关的假设,发现携带CC基因型和C等位基因的SNP rs3178300女性发生月经初潮延迟的风险显著降低。因此,Rab37基因的SNP rs3178300 C等位基因可能成为月经初潮时间的新靶点。尽管如此,本研究仍然存在以下局限性。首先,选择偏倚无法避免,本研究的参与者为居住在同一个社区的健康女性。其次,相对较小的样本量可能会影响所获得结果的统计学效力。因此,在今后的研究中需扩大研究中心和样本量,纳入更多参与者进行大型队列研究验证,并获取公共数据库中的女性月经初潮时间和全基因组测序数据,在更广泛的人群中来进一步确认Rab37基因对月经初潮时间的影响。
综上所述,Rab37基因的SNP rs3178300多态性可能与女性月经初潮延迟有关,其中CC基因型和C等位基因降低了月经初潮推迟的风险,表明它可能成为预测月经初潮延迟的标志物。

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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412046
  • 接收时间:2024-12-10
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-03-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10
  • 修回日期:2025-02-19
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    1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,重庆
    2西部战区总医院疾病预防控制科,四川 成都
    3西南医科大学公共卫生学院,四川 泸州

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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