Article(id=1322190566528504240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322190358751069178, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202505059, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1748102400000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-25, revisedDate=1753459200000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793164396173, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1757865600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793164396173, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793164396173, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793164396173, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322190358751069178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='17', pageStart='1981', pageEnd='2144', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1757865600000', pubDateStr='2025-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1793164346635, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793164560388, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322191255602319722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322190358751069178, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322191255602319723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322190358751069178, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2124, endPage=2133, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322190566721442225, articleId=1322190566528504240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Potential profile analysis and influencing factors of exercise fear in adult kidney transplant recipients, columnId=1320441115505971258, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Evidence-Based Nursing Horizons, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective‍

To understand the latent profiles of kinesiophobia in kidney transplant recipients and explore the influencing factors of different profiles.

Methods‍

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 230 kidney transplant recipients subjected with convenient sampling from Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from November 2024 to February 2025. General Information Questionnaire, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11), Exercise Compliance Questionnaire, Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Chinese Version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale (C-SEMCD) were used for investigation and latent profile analysis. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were applied to explore the influencing factors of different profiles.

Results‍

Kinesiophobia in the participants was classified into 3 latent profiles: fearless movement type-low kinesiophobia group (54 cases, 23.48%), cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia group (98 cases, 42.61%), and resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia group (78 cases, 33.91%). Statistical differences were observed among the 3 groups in terms of age, education level, post-operative duration, depression score, fatigue score, and self-efficacy score of chronic disease management (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=8.82, 95%CI: 1.27~61.10), education level [junior high school or below (OR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.04~0.50); technical secondary school or senior high school (OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.02~0.27)], post-operative duration [<1 year (OR=11.39, 95%CI: 2.53~51.30); 1-5 years (OR=11.05, 95%CI: 2.48~49.22)], fatigue (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.10~1.59), and depression (OR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.19~1.98) were influencing factors for resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia in the kidney transplant recipients. Education level (technical secondary school or senior high school: OR=0.32, 95%CI: 0.12-0.86) and self-efficacy of chronic disease management (OR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.90-1.00) were influencing factors for cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia in the recipients.

Conclusion‍

Kinesiophobia in kidney transplant recipients can be classified into 3 latent profiles. Recipients’ age, education level, post-operative duration, fatigue, and depression are influencing factors for the resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia, and education level and chronic disease management self-efficacy are important influencing factors for the cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia.

, authors=Hongyan TONG1, Lihua WANG2, Qin YANG3, Xiaosong XU3, authorsList=Hongyan TONG, Lihua WANG, Qin YANG, Xiaosong XU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lihua WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322190567480611254, articleId=1322190566528504240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=肾移植受者运动恐惧潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究, columnId=1322190566926963123, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=循证护理前沿, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解肾移植受者运动恐惧的潜在剖面,并探究不同剖面的影响因素。

方法

本研究为横断面研究,采用便利抽样法,选取2024年11月至2025年2月陆军军医大学第一附属医院肾脏内科230例肾移植受者为研究对象,采取一般资料调查表、坦帕运动恐惧症量表(Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11,TSK-11)、运动依从性调查问卷、疲劳评定量表-14(Fatigue Scale-14,FS-14)、抑郁自评量表 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9 )及慢性病管理自我效能量表(Chinese Version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale,C-SEMCD)进行调查及潜在剖面分析,运用单因素、多项Logistic回归分析不同剖面的影响因素。

结果

肾移植受者运动恐惧分为无惧动型-低运动恐惧组(n=54,23.48%)、谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组(n=98,42.61%)、抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组(n=78,33.91%)3个潜在剖面类别。3组患者年龄、文化程度、术后时间、抑郁得分、疲劳得分、慢性病管理自我效能得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多项Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄(OR=8.82,95%CI:1.27~61.10)、文化程度[初中及以下(OR=0.14,95%CI:0.04~0.50);中专或高中(OR=0.08,95%CI:0.02~0.27)]、术后时间[<1年(OR=11.39,95%CI:2.53~51.30);1~5年(OR=11.05,95%CI:2.48~49.22)]、疲劳(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.10~1.59)、抑郁(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.19~1.98)是肾移植受者抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的影响因素。文化程度(中专或高中:OR=0.32,95%CI:0.12~0.86)、慢性病管理自我效能(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.90~1.00)是肾移植受者谨慎动型-中运动恐惧的影响因素。

结论

肾移植受者运动恐惧可分为3个潜在剖面类别,受者年龄、文化程度、术后时间、疲劳、抑郁为抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的影响因素;文化程度与慢性病管理自我效能是谨慎动型-中运动恐惧的重要影响因素。

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王丽华,E-mail:
WANG Lihua,E-mail:
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General data of kidney transplant recipients[n=230,n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsConstituent
ratio
ItemsConstituent
ratio
GenderTime waiting for kidney transplantation/years
Male172(74.8)<1128(55.7)
Female58(25.2)1~373(31.7)
Age/years>329(12.6)
18~3492(40.0)Renal source
35~54116(50.4)Living relative donor94(40.9)
≥5522(9.6)Deceased donor136(59.1)
Educational levelTime after kidney transplantation/years
Junior high school or below49(21.3)<193(40.4)
Technical secondary school or senior high school60(26.1)1~595(41.3)
Junior college54(23.5)>542(18.3)
Bachelor’s degree or above67(29.1)Complications43(18.7)
Marital statusMultimorbidity106(46.1)
Married164(71.3)Past history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases2(0.9)
Unmarried66(28.7)Hypertension47(20.4)
Pre-transplant treatment method
Hemodialysis166(72.2)
Peritoneal dialysis45(19.6)
No dialysis19(8.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1322190573725929952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

肾移植受者的一般资料[n=230,例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsConstituent
ratio
ItemsConstituent
ratio
GenderTime waiting for kidney transplantation/years
Male172(74.8)<1128(55.7)
Female58(25.2)1~373(31.7)
Age/years>329(12.6)
18~3492(40.0)Renal source
35~54116(50.4)Living relative donor94(40.9)
≥5522(9.6)Deceased donor136(59.1)
Educational levelTime after kidney transplantation/years
Junior high school or below49(21.3)<193(40.4)
Technical secondary school or senior high school60(26.1)1~595(41.3)
Junior college54(23.5)>542(18.3)
Bachelor’s degree or above67(29.1)Complications43(18.7)
Marital statusMultimorbidity106(46.1)
Married164(71.3)Past history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases2(0.9)
Unmarried66(28.7)Hypertension47(20.4)
Pre-transplant treatment method
Hemodialysis166(72.2)
Peritoneal dialysis45(19.6)
No dialysis19(8.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574040502753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Fitting parameter indicators of latent profile models for kinesiophobia

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Categorical modelAICBICaBICEntropyPCategorical probability
LMRBLRT
Model 16 089.4366 164.9786 095.252----
Model 25 393.1465 510.0415 402.2820.9530.071<0.0010.63/0.37
Model 35 132.3755 290.5265 144.7340.9500.019<0.0010.43/0.23/0.34
Model 44 717.9764 917.3854 733.5600.9840.066<0.0010.45/0.24/0.28/0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574116000226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

运动恐惧潜在剖面模型拟合参数指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Categorical modelAICBICaBICEntropyPCategorical probability
LMRBLRT
Model 16 089.4366 164.9786 095.252----
Model 25 393.1465 510.0415 402.2820.9530.071<0.0010.63/0.37
Model 35 132.3755 290.5265 144.7340.9500.019<0.0010.43/0.23/0.34
Model 44 717.9764 917.3854 733.5600.9840.066<0.0010.45/0.24/0.28/0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574187303395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Univariate analysis of three latent profiles of kinesiophobia [n(%),M(P25,P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsNo fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia
(n=54)
Cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia
(n=98)
Resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia
(n=78)
χ2/ZP
Gender2.6630.264
Male36(66.7)77(78.6)59(75.6)
Female18(33.3)21(21.4)19(24.4)
Age/years10.060.012
18~3414(25.9)41(41.8)37(47.4)
35~5430(55.6)47(48.0)39(50.0)
≥5510(18.5)10(10.2)2(2.6)
Educational level17.8070.007
Junior high school or below14(25.9)19(19.4)16(20.5)
Technical secondary school or senior high school23(42.6)26(26.5)11(14.1)
Junior college8(14.8)24(24.5)22(28.2)
Bachelor’s degree or above9(16.7)29(29.6)29(37.2)
Marital status3.7290.155
Married44(81.5)68(69.4)52(66.7)
Unmarried10(18.5)30(30.6)26(33.3)
Pre-transplant treatment method6.1050.191
Hemodialysis38(70.4)76(77.6)52(66.7)
Peritoneal dialysis14(25.9)14(14.3)17(21.8)
No dialysis2(3.7)8(8.2)9(11.5)
Waiting time for kidney transplantation/years8.6300.071
<131(57.4)47(48.0)50(64.1)
1~320(37.0)33(33.7)20(25.6)
>33(5.6)18(18.4)8(10.3)
Renal source0.1140.945
Living relative donor22(40.7)39(39.8)33(42.3)
Deceased donor32(59.3)59(60.2)45(57.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574266995172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

运动恐惧3个潜在剖面的单因素分析[例(%),M(P25,P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsNo fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia
(n=54)
Cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia
(n=98)
Resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia
(n=78)
χ2/ZP
Gender2.6630.264
Male36(66.7)77(78.6)59(75.6)
Female18(33.3)21(21.4)19(24.4)
Age/years10.060.012
18~3414(25.9)41(41.8)37(47.4)
35~5430(55.6)47(48.0)39(50.0)
≥5510(18.5)10(10.2)2(2.6)
Educational level17.8070.007
Junior high school or below14(25.9)19(19.4)16(20.5)
Technical secondary school or senior high school23(42.6)26(26.5)11(14.1)
Junior college8(14.8)24(24.5)22(28.2)
Bachelor’s degree or above9(16.7)29(29.6)29(37.2)
Marital status3.7290.155
Married44(81.5)68(69.4)52(66.7)
Unmarried10(18.5)30(30.6)26(33.3)
Pre-transplant treatment method6.1050.191
Hemodialysis38(70.4)76(77.6)52(66.7)
Peritoneal dialysis14(25.9)14(14.3)17(21.8)
No dialysis2(3.7)8(8.2)9(11.5)
Waiting time for kidney transplantation/years8.6300.071
<131(57.4)47(48.0)50(64.1)
1~320(37.0)33(33.7)20(25.6)
>33(5.6)18(18.4)8(10.3)
Renal source0.1140.945
Living relative donor22(40.7)39(39.8)33(42.3)
Deceased donor32(59.3)59(60.2)45(57.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574392824293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=EN, label=Table 3(continued), caption=

Univariate analysis of three latent profiles of kinesiophobia [n(%),M(P25,P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsNo fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia
(n=54)
Cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia
(n=98)
Resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia
(n=78)
χ2/ZP
Time after kidney transplantation/years17.7850.001
<118(33.3)37(37.8)38(48.7)
1~518(33.3)41(41.8)36(46.2)
>518(33.3)20(20.4)4(5.1)
Complications5.3560.069
Yes5(9.3)24(24.5)14(17.9)
No49(90.7)74(75.5)64(82.1)
Multimorbidity0.3420.843
Yes26(48.1)43(43.9)37(47.4)
No28(51.9)55(56.1)41(52.6)
Past history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseasesa1.000
Yes01(1.0)1(1.3)
No54(100.0)97(99.0)77(98.7)
Hypertension0.1720.917
Yes12(22.2)19(19.4)16(20.5)
No42(77.8)79(80.6)62(79.5)
Hemoglobin/(g/L)112(110,130)115(105,135)117(103,130)0.6210.733
Creatinine/ (μmol/L)140(109,170)135(110,170)140(112,183)0.5760.750
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574493487592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=续表3, caption=

运动恐惧3个潜在剖面的单因素分析[例(%),M(P25,P75)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsNo fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia
(n=54)
Cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia
(n=98)
Resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia
(n=78)
χ2/ZP
Time after kidney transplantation/years17.7850.001
<118(33.3)37(37.8)38(48.7)
1~518(33.3)41(41.8)36(46.2)
>518(33.3)20(20.4)4(5.1)
Complications5.3560.069
Yes5(9.3)24(24.5)14(17.9)
No49(90.7)74(75.5)64(82.1)
Multimorbidity0.3420.843
Yes26(48.1)43(43.9)37(47.4)
No28(51.9)55(56.1)41(52.6)
Past history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseasesa1.000
Yes01(1.0)1(1.3)
No54(100.0)97(99.0)77(98.7)
Hypertension0.1720.917
Yes12(22.2)19(19.4)16(20.5)
No42(77.8)79(80.6)62(79.5)
Hemoglobin/(g/L)112(110,130)115(105,135)117(103,130)0.6210.733
Creatinine/ (μmol/L)140(109,170)135(110,170)140(112,183)0.5760.750
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574589956585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of scores on exercise compliance,fatigue,depression and self-efficacy in chronic disease management among patients with different latent profiles

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CategoryTotal score of exercise complianceTotal score of FS-14Total score of PHQ-9Total score of
C-SEMCD
No fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia31.00(25.00,35.00)3.00(2.00,5.00)1.00(0.00,3.00)47.00(42.00,52.00)
Cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia28.00(23.00,33.00)5.00(3.00,7.00)3.00(1.00,4.00)41.00(39.00,44.00)
Resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia30.00(24.00,35.00)8.00(4.00,10.00)4.00(2.00,6.00)43.00(38.00,51.00)
Z3.73236.21233.59813.83
P0.155<0.001<0.0010.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574665454058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同潜在剖面患者运动依从性、疲劳、抑郁与慢性病管理自我效能得分比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CategoryTotal score of exercise complianceTotal score of FS-14Total score of PHQ-9Total score of
C-SEMCD
No fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia31.00(25.00,35.00)3.00(2.00,5.00)1.00(0.00,3.00)47.00(42.00,52.00)
Cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia28.00(23.00,33.00)5.00(3.00,7.00)3.00(1.00,4.00)41.00(39.00,44.00)
Resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia30.00(24.00,35.00)8.00(4.00,10.00)4.00(2.00,6.00)43.00(38.00,51.00)
Z3.73236.21233.59813.83
P0.155<0.001<0.0010.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574736757227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Variable assignment Table

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesAssignment methods
Age/years18~34=1,35~54=2,≥55=3
Educational levelJunior high school or below=1,technical secondary school or senior high school=2,junior college=3,bachelor’s degree or above=4
Time after kidney transplantation<1 year=1,1~5 year=2,>5 year=3
Total score of FS-14Original value substituted
Total score of PHQ-9Original value substituted
Total score of C-SEMCDOriginal value substituted
Latent classes of kinesiophobiaResistant movement type-high kinesiophobia group=1,cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia group=2,no fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia group=3
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574808060396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

变量赋值表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesAssignment methods
Age/years18~34=1,35~54=2,≥55=3
Educational levelJunior high school or below=1,technical secondary school or senior high school=2,junior college=3,bachelor’s degree or above=4
Time after kidney transplantation<1 year=1,1~5 year=2,>5 year=3
Total score of FS-14Original value substituted
Total score of PHQ-9Original value substituted
Total score of C-SEMCDOriginal value substituted
Latent classes of kinesiophobiaResistant movement type-high kinesiophobia group=1,cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia group=2,no fear of movement type-low kinesiophobia group=3
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574879363565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Multinomial Logistic regression analysis of latent profiles

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariableCautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobiaResistant movement type-high kinesiophobia
BSEWaldPOR(95%CI)BSEWaldPOR(95%CI)
Constant2.0071.4631.8820.170--5.571.9028.5730.003-
Age/years (reference group:≥55 years)
18~340.9090.6591.9020.1682.48(0.68~9.04)2.1770.9874.8610.0278.82(1.27~61.10)
35~540.2920.5900.2440.6211.34(0.42~4.26)1.4020.9442.2060.1374.06(0.64~25.84)
Educational level (reference group:bachelor’s degree or above)
Junior high school or below-1.0480.5573.5380.0600.35(0.12~1.05)-1.9940.6609.1360.0030.14(0.04~0.50)
Technical secondary school or senior high school-1.1540.5125.0810.0240.32(0.12~0.86)-2.5430.63216.168<0.0010.08(0.02~0.27)
Junior college-0.4200.6040.4850.4860.66(0.20~2.14)-1.1620.6673.0330.0820.31(0.09~1.16)
Postoperative time/years (reference group:>5 years)
<10.3550.5160.4730.4921.43(0.52~3.92)2.4330.76810.040.00211.39(2.53~51.30)
1~50.5750.5071.2860.2571.78(0.66~4.80)2.4030.7629.9390.00211.05(2.48~49.22)
Total score of FS-140.0930.0831.2610.2611.10(0.93~1.29)0.2780.0958.6650.0031.32(1.10~1.59)
Total score of PHQ-90.1950.1172.7920.0951.22(0.97~1.53)0.4280.12910.9370.0011.53(1.19~1.98)
Total score of C-SEMCD-0.0530.0274.0110.0450.95(0.90~1.00)0.0210.0310.4750.4911.02(0.96~1.09)
), ArticleFig(id=1322190574980026862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322190566528504240, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

潜在剖面的多项Logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariableCautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobiaResistant movement type-high kinesiophobia
BSEWaldPOR(95%CI)BSEWaldPOR(95%CI)
Constant2.0071.4631.8820.170--5.571.9028.5730.003-
Age/years (reference group:≥55 years)
18~340.9090.6591.9020.1682.48(0.68~9.04)2.1770.9874.8610.0278.82(1.27~61.10)
35~540.2920.5900.2440.6211.34(0.42~4.26)1.4020.9442.2060.1374.06(0.64~25.84)
Educational level (reference group:bachelor’s degree or above)
Junior high school or below-1.0480.5573.5380.0600.35(0.12~1.05)-1.9940.6609.1360.0030.14(0.04~0.50)
Technical secondary school or senior high school-1.1540.5125.0810.0240.32(0.12~0.86)-2.5430.63216.168<0.0010.08(0.02~0.27)
Junior college-0.4200.6040.4850.4860.66(0.20~2.14)-1.1620.6673.0330.0820.31(0.09~1.16)
Postoperative time/years (reference group:>5 years)
<10.3550.5160.4730.4921.43(0.52~3.92)2.4330.76810.040.00211.39(2.53~51.30)
1~50.5750.5071.2860.2571.78(0.66~4.80)2.4030.7629.9390.00211.05(2.48~49.22)
Total score of FS-140.0930.0831.2610.2611.10(0.93~1.29)0.2780.0958.6650.0031.32(1.10~1.59)
Total score of PHQ-90.1950.1172.7920.0951.22(0.97~1.53)0.4280.12910.9370.0011.53(1.19~1.98)
Total score of C-SEMCD-0.0530.0274.0110.0450.95(0.90~1.00)0.0210.0310.4750.4911.02(0.96~1.09)
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肾移植受者运动恐惧潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究
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童红燕 1 , 王丽华 2 , 杨琴 3 , 徐小松 3
陆军军医大学学报 | 循证护理前沿 2025,47(17): 2124-2133
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陆军军医大学学报 |循证护理前沿 2025 , 47 (17) : 2124 -2133
肾移植受者运动恐惧潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究
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童红燕1, 王丽华2 , 杨琴3, 徐小松3
作者信息
  • 1贵州中医药大学护理学院 贵阳 贵州
  • 2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院:.院办公室
  • 3肾脏内科,重庆
通讯作者:
王丽华,E-mail:
WANG Lihua,E-mail:
Potential profile analysis and influencing factors of exercise fear in adult kidney transplant recipients
Hongyan TONG1, Lihua WANG2 , Qin YANG3, Xiaosong XU3
Affiliations
  • 1School of Nursing,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang,Guizhou
  • 2Hospital Administration Office First Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing,China
  • 3Department of Nephrology,First Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
出版时间: 2025-09-15 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202505059
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目的

了解肾移植受者运动恐惧的潜在剖面,并探究不同剖面的影响因素。

方法

本研究为横断面研究,采用便利抽样法,选取2024年11月至2025年2月陆军军医大学第一附属医院肾脏内科230例肾移植受者为研究对象,采取一般资料调查表、坦帕运动恐惧症量表(Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11,TSK-11)、运动依从性调查问卷、疲劳评定量表-14(Fatigue Scale-14,FS-14)、抑郁自评量表 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9 )及慢性病管理自我效能量表(Chinese Version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale,C-SEMCD)进行调查及潜在剖面分析,运用单因素、多项Logistic回归分析不同剖面的影响因素。

结果

肾移植受者运动恐惧分为无惧动型-低运动恐惧组(n=54,23.48%)、谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组(n=98,42.61%)、抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组(n=78,33.91%)3个潜在剖面类别。3组患者年龄、文化程度、术后时间、抑郁得分、疲劳得分、慢性病管理自我效能得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多项Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄(OR=8.82,95%CI:1.27~61.10)、文化程度[初中及以下(OR=0.14,95%CI:0.04~0.50);中专或高中(OR=0.08,95%CI:0.02~0.27)]、术后时间[<1年(OR=11.39,95%CI:2.53~51.30);1~5年(OR=11.05,95%CI:2.48~49.22)]、疲劳(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.10~1.59)、抑郁(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.19~1.98)是肾移植受者抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的影响因素。文化程度(中专或高中:OR=0.32,95%CI:0.12~0.86)、慢性病管理自我效能(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.90~1.00)是肾移植受者谨慎动型-中运动恐惧的影响因素。

结论

肾移植受者运动恐惧可分为3个潜在剖面类别,受者年龄、文化程度、术后时间、疲劳、抑郁为抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的影响因素;文化程度与慢性病管理自我效能是谨慎动型-中运动恐惧的重要影响因素。

肾移植  /  运动恐惧  /  潜在剖面分析  /  影响因素
Objective‍

To understand the latent profiles of kinesiophobia in kidney transplant recipients and explore the influencing factors of different profiles.

Methods‍

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 230 kidney transplant recipients subjected with convenient sampling from Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from November 2024 to February 2025. General Information Questionnaire, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11), Exercise Compliance Questionnaire, Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Chinese Version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale (C-SEMCD) were used for investigation and latent profile analysis. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were applied to explore the influencing factors of different profiles.

Results‍

Kinesiophobia in the participants was classified into 3 latent profiles: fearless movement type-low kinesiophobia group (54 cases, 23.48%), cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia group (98 cases, 42.61%), and resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia group (78 cases, 33.91%). Statistical differences were observed among the 3 groups in terms of age, education level, post-operative duration, depression score, fatigue score, and self-efficacy score of chronic disease management (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=8.82, 95%CI: 1.27~61.10), education level [junior high school or below (OR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.04~0.50); technical secondary school or senior high school (OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.02~0.27)], post-operative duration [<1 year (OR=11.39, 95%CI: 2.53~51.30); 1-5 years (OR=11.05, 95%CI: 2.48~49.22)], fatigue (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.10~1.59), and depression (OR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.19~1.98) were influencing factors for resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia in the kidney transplant recipients. Education level (technical secondary school or senior high school: OR=0.32, 95%CI: 0.12-0.86) and self-efficacy of chronic disease management (OR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.90-1.00) were influencing factors for cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia in the recipients.

Conclusion‍

Kinesiophobia in kidney transplant recipients can be classified into 3 latent profiles. Recipients’ age, education level, post-operative duration, fatigue, and depression are influencing factors for the resistant movement type-high kinesiophobia, and education level and chronic disease management self-efficacy are important influencing factors for the cautious movement type-moderate kinesiophobia.

renal transplantation  /  kinesiophobia  /  latent profile analysis  /  influencing factors
童红燕, 王丽华, 杨琴, 徐小松. 肾移植受者运动恐惧潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (17) : 2124 -2133 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202505059
Hongyan TONG, Lihua WANG, Qin YANG, Xiaosong XU. Potential profile analysis and influencing factors of exercise fear in adult kidney transplant recipients[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (17) : 2124 -2133 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202505059
《中国肾脏移植长期健康管理指南(2023版)》[1]鼓励肾移植受者于术后早期根据伤口愈合及合并症情况进行有氧运动。运动作为肾移植受者健康生活方式的核心,可有效预防移植后糖尿病、降低肥胖发生率、减少骨质疏松症,并改善高血压、肾功能、血脂异常及心血管疾病、降低病死率,且运动已被证明对肾移植受者的生活质量有积极影响[2-5]。但目前达到指南推荐运动水平的受者不足60%[6],运动恐惧是导致其运动不足的高危因素[7]。运动恐惧是因害怕疼痛或再次受伤而对运动产生的恐惧回避心理[8]。目前,关于运动恐惧的相关研究主要聚焦在脑卒中[9]、乳腺癌[10]等疾病,且研究证实,运动依从性、疲劳、抑郁、自我效能与受者运动恐惧显著相关[7,11-12]。目前针对肾移植受者特殊人群,其运动恐惧的潜在类别特征尚未被系统探究,相关研究存在明显空白。潜在剖面分析(latentprofile analysis,LPA)是一种以个体为中心探索潜在群体结构从而识别不同特征群体的统计方法,可根据变量不同特征进行亚群分类,有助于临床医护以组群为单位,对患者实施精准干预。基于此,本研究旨在通过坦帕运动恐惧症量表(Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11,TSK-11)、运动依从性调查问卷、疲劳评定量表-14(Fatigue Scale-14,FS-14)、抑郁自评量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9 )及慢性病管理自我效能量表(Chinese Version of the Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale,C-SEMCD),对肾移植受者展开调查,运用LPA识别其潜在亚群类型并探究不同剖面的影响因素,以期为临床制定个体化运动恐惧干预方案提供理论参考。
2024年11月至2025年2月,采用便利抽样法选取陆军军医大学第一附属医院肾脏内科230例肾移植受者为研究对象进行横断面调查。纳入标准:①自愿参与本研究;②接受肾移植术后的患者;③年龄≥18岁;④意识清楚,有阅读能力和言语表达能力,与调查人员沟通无障碍的患者。排除标准:①有超急性排斥反应、移植肾出血、消化道出血、血栓、呼吸衰竭等严重并发症的患者;②下肢肢体残缺的患者。本研究为横断面研究,根据横断面研究[13]样本量计算方法,样本量取变量数的5~10倍;本研究共包含19个变量,其中一般资料调查表14个变量,TSK-11、运动依从性调查问卷、FS-14、PHQ-9、C-SEMCD分别视为1个变量;考虑到20%的无效应答,总样本量为:19×5/(1-0.2)~19×10/(1-0.2)≈119~238。本研究已通过陆军军医大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准[(A)KY2024169],本研究中涉及的所有患者自愿参与调查并签署知情同意书。
基于研究目的自行制定一般资料调查表,收集指标包括年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、等待肾移植时间、共病情况、移植前治疗方式、肾源、术后时间、并发症、既往史、肌酐、血红蛋白、血压,共14项。
该量表由WOBY等[14]研制,蔡立柏等[15]汉化,包括活动行为(3个条目)、活动认知(6个条目)、活动态度(2个条目),共3个维度、11个条目。采用Likert 4级评分法(强烈不同意:1分,反对:2分,同意:3分,强烈同意:4分),得分范围11~44分,总分>17分可诊断为运动恐惧症[16],得分越高,运动恐惧程度越高。量表的 Cronbach’s α系数为0.833,重测信度为0.798,具有良好的信效度。在本研究中,该量表Cronbach’s α系数为0.868,抽样适当性度量数(kaiser-meyer-olkin,KMO)值为0.895,Bartlett’s球形检验显示χ2值为965.214,P<0.001,适合进行探索性因子分析,共提取2个特征值≥1的公因子,累计方差贡献率为57.801%,说明该量表具有良好的信效度。
运动依从性问卷由李雪[17]编制,该问卷共计3个维度、12个条目,其中身体运动依从性维度6个条目、运动监测依从性维度3个目,主动寻求建议依从性维度3个条目;采用Likert 4级评分法(根本做不到:1分,偶尔能做到:2分,基本能做到:3分,完全能做到:4分),总分为12~48分,得分越高,运动依从性越好,问卷的内容效度指数为0.970,Cronbach’s α系数为0.870。在本研究中,运动依从性问卷的 Cronbach’s α系数为0.878,KMO值为0.834,Bartlett’s球形检验显示χ2值为1 407.225,P<0.001,适合进行探索性因子分析,共提取2个特征值≥1的公因子,累计方差贡献率为58.554%,说明该问卷具有良好的信效度,且条目适宜,内容完整,可用于评价肾移植受者的运动依从性。
FS-14由英国心理医学研究室CHALDER等[18]于1993年编制。FS-14由14个条目组成,共分为2类:一类反映躯体疲劳(由条目1~8组成);一类反映脑力疲劳(由条目9~14组成)。除第10、13、14条3个条目为反向计分(是:0分、否:1分),其余11个条目均为正向计分。疲劳总分为躯体及脑力疲劳分值之和(0~14分),得分≥3分视为存在疲乏,得分<3分视为不存在疲乏,量表得分越高,表示疲乏越严重[19]。该量表的Cronbach’s α为0.88~0.90,灵敏度为75.5%,特异度为74.5%,该量表用于评估肾移植受者疲劳情况,本研究中该量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.730。
PHQ-9是由美国精神卫生研究院开发的抑郁症筛查量表,以其简洁性、易操作性和高信效度而受到广泛认可,成为临床医生和研究人员评估抑郁症状严重程度的重要工具。PHQ-9由9个条目组成,采用Likert 4级评分法(完全不会:0分,好几天:1分,超过一周:2分,几乎每天:3分),“0~4”分表示没有抑郁;“5~9”分为轻度抑郁;“10~14”分、“15~19”分为中重度抑郁;“20~27”分为重度抑郁。总分为27分,分数越高则表明患抑郁的可能性越大。PHQ-9用于评估患者抑郁情况,本研究中该量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.745。
C-SEMCD由美国斯坦福大学病人教育中心最初研制,2023年学者张美霞[20]将其汉化,形成C-SEMCD共包括6个条目,其中条目1~4反映症状管理自我效能,条目5~6反映疾病共性管理自我效能,从“毫无信心”到“完全有信心”每个条目均采取视图模拟法进行评分,依次赋于1~10分,所有条目的平均分代表量表得分,得分越高则自我效能水平越高。总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.934,重测信度为0.924,具有良好的信效度,本研究使用C-SEMCD用于评价肾移植受者的慢性病管理自我效能,本研究中该量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.874。
资料收集前,由研究者向符合纳排标准的研究对象解释研究目的、内容、填写问卷时长与方法、保密原则及注意事项等。取得知情同意后,向其发放问卷星二维码或纸质版问卷,由患者自行填写;填写不便者,由研究者采用问答方式代其填写,问卷当场回收,发现漏项或填写不清楚的问卷立即核实并修改。实验室数据由研究者查阅病例填写。采取双人录入与数据校对方式将数据录入Excel表中。本研究共发放问卷250份,回收有效问卷230份,问卷有效回收率为92%。
应用Mplus 8.3软件进行潜在剖面分析,模型适配指标包括赤池信息准则(Akaike information criterion,AIC)、贝叶斯信息标准准则(Bayesian information criterion,BIC)、校正贝叶斯信息标准准则(sample-sizeadjusted Bayesian information criterion,aBCI)、罗-梦戴尔-鲁本校正似然比检验(Lo-Mendell-Rubin adjusted likelihood ratio test,LMR)、基于Bootstrap的似然比检验(bootstrapped log-likelihood ratio tests,BLRT)和熵值,其中,AIC、BIC、aBCI数值越小,代表模型拟合度越好; LMR、BLRT比较不同潜在类别模型的差异,P<0.05代表第k个模型的拟合优于第k-1个模型;熵值≥0.8时,提示模型分类精确率≥90%[21]。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,计数资料用例(%)表示,组间比较采用卡方检验和Fisher精确概率法,不符合正态分布的计量资料用M(P25,P75)表示,组间比较采用秩和检验;使用多项Logistic回归分析,分析各因素对不同剖面的影响,检验水准α=0.05。
本研究采用横断面问卷调查方式,有效调查230例肾移植受者,年龄(38.17±10.69)岁,男性172例(74.8%),女性58例(25.2%),见表1。
该部分采用TSK-11量表对230例肾移植受者展开调查,调查结果显示:肾移植受者运动恐惧总分为20.00(15.00,24.00)分,144例(62.6%)受者存在运动恐惧(TSK-11>17分),条目均分为1.82(1.36,2.18)分;活动认知维度得分为10.00(6.00,13.00)分,条目均分为1.67(1.00,2.17)分;活动行为维度得分为6.00(5.00,7.00)分,条目均分为2.00(1.67,2.33)分;活动态度维度得分为4.00(3.75,6.00)分,条目均分为2.00(1.88,3.00)分。
该部分采用潜在剖面分析法,以运动恐惧评估量表中11个条目总分为外显变量,依次建立1~4个潜在剖面模型,结果显示:AIC、BIC、aBIC随着剖面类别个数的增加而降低,模型3的LMR<0.05,说明模型3相对于模型2有显著改善;模型4的LMR值不显著,且存在类别概率<0.03的类别,综合考虑最终确定了3个肾移植受者运动恐惧的潜在类别,见表2。
根据肾移植受者运动恐惧潜在剖面分析结果,绘制折线图描述该类患者不同潜在剖面在运动恐惧各条目得分情况(Q1~Q11分别表示坦帕运动恐惧症量表的11个条目)。类别1患者98例(42.61%),运动恐惧得分[(18.98±3.06)]分,其中各条目均分较为中等[(1.72±0.65)分],因此类别1命名为谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组;类别2患者78例(33.91%),运动恐惧得分较高[(26.73±3.13)分],其中各条目均分较高[(2.42±0.28)分],因此类别2命名为抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组;类别3患者54例(23.48%),运动恐惧得分较低[(13.15±2.17)分],其中各条目均分低[(1.19±0.18)分],因此类别3命名为无惧动型-低运动恐惧组(图1)。
该部分采用单因素分析法对肾移植受者相关资料进行分析,单因素分析结果显示:不同性别、血红蛋白、肌酐、血压、婚姻状况、等待肾移植时间、移植前治疗方式、肾源、并发症、心脑血管疾病既往史、共病比较,差异均无统计学意义;不同年龄、文化程度、术后时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,表3)。
肾移植受者不同潜在剖面运动依从性得分比较,差异无统计学意义;肾移植受者不同潜在剖面疲劳、抑郁、慢性病管理自我效能量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,表4)。
该部分采用多项Logistic回归分析,以肾移植受者3个潜在剖面的分类作为因变量,并将类别3(无惧动型-低运动恐惧)作为参考类别,将单因素分析中有意义的指标作为自变量,进行多项Logistic回归分析,自变量、因变量赋值见表5。结果显示:年龄、文化程度、术后时间、疲劳、抑郁是肾移植受者抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的独立影响因素(P<0.05);文化程度、慢性病管理自我效能是肾移植受者谨慎动型-中运动恐惧的独立影响因素(P<0.05,表6)。
本研究共纳入肾移植受者230例,运动恐惧得分为20.00(15.00,24.00)分,表明肾移植受者运动恐惧处于中等水平,提示我国肾移植受者运动恐惧形势较严峻。研究指出,运动恐惧与肾移植受者身体活动水平显著相关,严重将影响其运动依从性、导致不良预后[7,12]。为此,临床应高度重视,并采取相应措施降低运动恐惧发生率及水平。
本研究将肾移植受者运动恐惧分为3个类别,即①无惧动型-低运动恐惧组患者占比23.48%,该类别组患者运动恐惧条目均分较低,表明该组患者对运动持积极乐观态度,并能够参与适度的运动锻炼;②谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组,患者占比42.61%,该类别患者运动恐惧各条目得分处于中等水平,其中条目2、4得分最低,可能与受者术后伤口愈合、疼痛缓解,身体机能较透析期明显改善及医护与家属密切关注有关;条目9、10得分高,可能与受者对机体异常信号敏感,认为疼痛需停活动,加之身体虚弱、担心运动伤肾。此时受者处于想运动又担忧的矛盾状态,尚未出现明显运动受限。③抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组患者占比33.91%,该类患者运动恐惧各条目得分较高,身体运动受到明显限制,缺乏自我运动信心,对运动处于恐惧回避状态。因此,临床应及时评估不同类别肾移植受者的心理状态、运动恐惧水平,制定个性化的干预措施,以降低肾移植受者运动恐惧水平。
本研究结果显示,18~34岁的肾移植受者归纳为抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组的概率更高,此年龄段处于事业上升或学习关键期,生活节奏快、压力大,术后恢复及治疗与工作学习冲突,且怕运动风险加重负担,从而导致高运动恐惧。此外,文化程度越高的患者,其归纳为谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组与抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组的概率更高,与常旭婷等[10]研究结果一致。文化程度越高的患者更加注重健康知识的学习,由于对移植肾脏的珍视及保护担忧,在了解肾移植术后运动知识时,除具体运动方式外,会格外关注运动对移植肾脏的潜在风险,肾移植受者因害怕运动损伤移植肾脏,从而对运动产生恐惧回避心理。提示医护人员应重点关注青年和文化程度较高群体。
本研究结果表明,术后时间较短是肾移植受者高运动恐惧水平的独立危险因素,术后时间较短的患者归属于高运动恐惧水平的概率更大。与BILLANY等[22]结果类似。受者因术后伤口未恢复、术前长期透析致运动耐力下降、害怕术后运动对移植肾产生负面影响等,从而对运动产生恐惧回避心理,因此,临床实践应深度融入快速康复理念,将促进患者早期快速康复作为核心目标,积极协助患者尽早开展离床活动。
本研究结果显示,疲劳(OR=1.32)是抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的独立危险因素,表明疲劳程度越高,受者运动恐惧水平越高,与张晶等[23]研究结果相符。肾移植受者疲劳发生率为39.0%~59.1%[24-25]。已有研究证实,疲劳与肾移植受者运动恐惧呈正相关,肾移植受者因疲乏导致运动耐力下降,为避免机体能量过度消耗而出现恐惧回避心理,进而使其运动量减少[11]。而运动干预对降低肾移植受者疲劳的发生率及严重程度具有积极效应[26]。通过运动干预,可打破“疲劳-恐惧回避-运动量减少-疲劳加剧”的恶性循环,帮助受者提升运动意愿及能力。因此,护理人员应早期筛查受者疲劳状况,根据其疲劳程度采取针对性的干预措施,如采取运动、维生素D干预[27]等改善疲劳状况,从而减轻运动恐惧程度。
本研究结果显示,抑郁(OR=1.53)是抗拒动型-高运动恐惧的独立危险因素,表明抑郁总分越高,运动恐惧水平越高,与黄莉等[28]研究结果一致。抑郁导致患者情绪低落、对外界失去兴趣而选择避免运动。良好的社会支持可以提高患者应对负面情绪的信心与能力[29],除鼓励其家庭成员的支持与帮助外,医护可依托互联网平台为其提供信息支持。此外,临床也可借鉴使用自然声法[30]、正念疗法[31]、中医推拿疗法[32]、饮食疗法[33]等对其进行干预并探讨具体疗效,以期减轻肾移植受者抑郁程度,从而降低运动恐惧水平。
本研究结果显示,慢性病管理自我管理效能(OR=0.95)是谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组的保护因素。与何家文等[34]研究结果类似。高自我效能的患者面对运动时通常有足够的信心[35],且面对运动突发状况能采取积极的应对策略。因此,医护应加强与患者沟通,鼓励家属及照顾者发挥积极作用,借鉴使用二元应对[36]让参与其到运动方案的制定中,增强患者运动锻炼信心。
综上所述,肾移植受者运动恐惧处于中等水平,整体运动恐惧发生率为62.6%;肾移植受者运动恐惧可分为3个类别,即:无惧动型-低运动恐惧组、谨慎动型-中运动恐惧组、抗拒动型-高运动恐惧组;不同年龄、文化程度、术后时间、抑郁得分、疲劳得分、慢性病管理自我效能得分与肾移植受者运动恐惧水平显著相关。
本研究为单中心横断面研究,且样本量来源主要为西南地区,使得结果代表性受限,未来将开展多中心、大样本、纵向研究探讨各变量之间的因果关系,为临床肾移植受者运动恐惧干预措施提供更可靠依据。

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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202505059
  • 接收时间:2025-05-25
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2025-09-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-25
  • 修回日期:2025-07-26
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    1贵州中医药大学护理学院 贵阳 贵州
    2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院:.院办公室
    3肾脏内科,重庆

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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genus
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)
属
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种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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