Article(id=1320441146459935070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320441063936996073, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202512037, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1765123200000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-08, revisedDate=1770739200000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792747301926, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1776182400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792747301926, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792747301926, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792747301926, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320441063936996073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2026', volume='48', issue='7', pageStart='831', pageEnd='970', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1776182400000', pubDateStr='2026-04-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792747282251, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792749796678, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320451610262745636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320441063936996073, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320451610262745637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320441063936996073, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=946, endPage=952, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320441146640290143, articleId=1320441146459935070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Immediate postoperative feeding after painless abortion alleviates patient discomfort and accelerates recovery: a retrospective cohort study, columnId=1320441115505971258, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Evidence-Based Nursing Horizons, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective Under the guidance of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS), this study aims to investigate the safety and feasibility of an immediate postoperative diet regimen for patients undergoing painless abortion surgery, analyze early postoperative discomfort symptoms(including nausea and vomiting, hunger, thirst, pain, etc.) and recovery outcomes(including time to resume normal diet, length of hospital stay, and vaginal bleeding), and clarify the clinical application value of this study in clinical practice.
Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 210 patients who underwent intravenous anesthesia for painless abortion in our department from October 2024 to March 2025. According to postoperative dietary regimens, they were divided into a control group(n=109, a conventional 2-hour postoperative diet regimen from October to December 2024), and an observation group(n=101, an immediate postoperative diet regimen from January to March 2025). Primary outcome indicators included the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting at 1, 6, and 24 h postoperatively(WHO nausea and vomiting grading), thirst and hunger discomfort scores(a graded scoring), pain scores [Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)], as well as duration of surgery, time to return to regular diet, length of hospital stay, and duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding. All data were extracted from the electronic medical record(EMR) systems and follow-up records using a standardized data extraction protocol. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 research nurses who received uniform training and were blinded to group allocation, using double independent data extraction and entry; discrepancies were evaluated by a third party to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the data.
Results There were no statistical differences between the 2 groups in baseline characteristics such as age, gravidity and parity, BMI, and duration of amenorrhea(P>0.05). The incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting at 1 and 6 h postoperatively were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(Cliff’s delta=0.201, 95%CI: 0.048 to 0.354; Cliff’s delta=0.393, 95%CI: 0.249 to 0.537, P<0.05). The scores for postoperative thirst and hunger discomfort were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(Cramer’s V=0.411, 95%CI: 0.295 to 0.527, P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited significantly lower pain scores at 6 h postoperatively(1.12±1.13 vs 2.26±0.91, mean difference: -1.14, 95%CI: -1.41 to -0.87, P<0.001), shorter time to return to regular diet(143.70±56.39 vs 361.07±144.45 min, mean difference: -217.37, 95%CI: -249.39 to 185.35, P<0.001), reduced length of hospital stay(61.46±19.13 vs 69.43±14.11 min, mean difference: -7.97, 95%CI: -12.54 to -3.40, P<0.001), and fewer days of postoperative vaginal bleeding(5.58±1.96 vs 6.71±2.08 d, mean difference: -1.13, 95%CI: -1.68 to -0.58, P<0.001).
Conclusion Under the guidance of ERAS, the immediate postoperative feeding regimen for patients undergoing painless abortion is safe and feasible, effectively alleviating postoperative nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, reducing discomfort such as thirst and hunger, shortening postoperative hospital observation time and duration of vaginal bleeding, and further improving nursing quality and patient experience.
, authors=Man ZHAO, Hui WANG, Yuanxiang SHI, Yongxiu WU, Xin RONG, Yu ZHENG, Ling LI, authorsList=Man ZHAO, Hui WANG, Yuanxiang SHI, Yongxiu WU, Xin RONG, Yu ZHENG, Ling LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ling LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2026 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320441147026166112, articleId=1320441146459935070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=无痛人流术后即刻进食能缓解患者不适且加速康复：一项回顾性队列研究, columnId=1320441115656966204, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=论著·循证护理前沿, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 在加速康复外科理念指导下，探讨无痛人流术后患者采用即刻进食方案的安全性和可行性，分析术后早期不适症状（如恶心呕吐、饥饿、口渴、疼痛等）及康复情况（包括恢复普食时间、在院时长及阴道流血情况），以明确本研究在临床实践中的应用价值。
方法 采用回顾性队列研究方法，纳入2024年10月至2025年3月陆军军医大学第一附属医院妇科门诊接受静脉麻醉下无痛人流术的210例患者作为研究对象，根据术后饮食方案的不同分为2组：2024年10—12月采用术后2 h常规进食方案的109例患者为对照组，2025年1—3月实施术后即刻进食方案的101例患者为观察组。主要评价指标包括术后1、6、24 h的恶心呕吐发生率与严重程度（采用WHO恶心呕吐评级）、口渴、饥饿、难受程度评分（采用等级评分法）、疼痛评分［采用数字等级评定量表（Numerical Rating Scale， NRS）］、手术时长、恢复普食时间、在院时长及术后阴道流血天数等。所有数据从电子病历系统及随访记录中提取，采取标准化数据提取流程，数据提取由两位经过统一培训且不知分组情况的研究护士采用双人独立数据提取与录入，不一致处由第三人进行评价，确保数据真实可靠。
结果 2组患者在年龄、孕产次、BMI及停经天数等基线资料上差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；观察组术后1 h、6 h恶心呕吐发生率及严重程度均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（Cliff’s delta=0.201，95%CI： 0.048~0.354；Cliff’s delta=0.393，95%CI：0.249~0.537，P<0.05）；观察组术后口渴、饥饿难受程度评分均低于对照组［Cramer’s V=0.411（95%CI： 0.295~0.527），P<0.001］；观察组术后6 h疼痛评分（1.12±1.13）低于对照组疼痛评分（2.26±0.91），差异有统计学意义［均数差为-1.14（95%CI： -1.41~-0.87），P<0.001］；观察组术后恢复普食时间（143.70±56.39） min明显短于对照组（361.07±144.45） min，差异有统计学意义［均数差为-217.37（95%CI：-249.39~-185.35），P<0.001］；观察组在院时长（61.46±19.13） min明显短于对照组在院时长（69.43±14.11） min，差异有统计学意义［均数差为-7.97（95%CI： -12.54~-3.40），P<0.001］；观察组术后阴道流血天数（5.58±1.96） d少于对照组（6.71±2.08） d，差异有统计学意义［均数差为-1.13（95%CI： -1.68~-0.58），P<0.001］；
结论 在基于加速康复外科理念的指导下，无痛人流术后患者采用即刻进食方案是安全可行的，能有效缓解患者术后恶心呕吐及腹痛程度，减轻口渴、饥饿等不适，缩短患者术后在院观察时间及术后阴道流血时间，进一步提升护理质量与患者就医体验。
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1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， First Affiliated Hospital， Army Medical University（Third Military Medical University）， Chongqing， China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320441147256852835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, companyId=1320441147240075617, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1陆军军医大学（第三军医大学）第一附属医院妇产科，重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320441151132389777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
General data of patients in the 2 groups（±s）
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | Age/years | Gravidity | Parity | BMI/（kg/m2） | Days since last menstrual period/d |
|---|
| Observation group | 101 | 30.12±5.26 | 2.73±1.55 | 0.86±0.79 | 20.44±2.20 | 56.92±9.68 |
| Control group | 109 | 29.81±5.66 | 2.69±1.89 | 0.76±0.85 | 20.46±0.92 | 56.51±10.84 |
| t | | 0.412 | 0.175 | 0.866 | 0.088 | 0.286 |
| P | | 0.681 | 0.862 | 0.388 | 0.930 | 0.775 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151216275858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
2组患者一般资料（±s）
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | Age/years | Gravidity | Parity | BMI/（kg/m2） | Days since last menstrual period/d |
|---|
| Observation group | 101 | 30.12±5.26 | 2.73±1.55 | 0.86±0.79 | 20.44±2.20 | 56.92±9.68 |
| Control group | 109 | 29.81±5.66 | 2.69±1.89 | 0.76±0.85 | 20.46±0.92 | 56.51±10.84 |
| t | | 0.412 | 0.175 | 0.866 | 0.088 | 0.286 |
| P | | 0.681 | 0.862 | 0.388 | 0.930 | 0.775 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151291773331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Incidence of nausea and vomiting at 1 ， 6， and 24 h postoperatively in the 2 groups ［M（P25， P75）］
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | 1 h postoperatively | 6 h postoperatively | 24 h postoperatively |
|---|
| Control group | 109 | 0.0（0.0， 1.0） | 0.0（0.0， 1.0） | 0.0（0.0， 0.0） |
| Observation group | 101 | 0.0（0.0， 1.0） | 0.0（0.0， 0.0） | 0.0（0.0， 0.0） |
| Z | | 2.511 | 5.080 | 1.720 |
| Cliff’s delta（95%CI） | | 0.201（0.048－0.354） | 0.393（0.249－0.537） | 0.134（-0.019－0.287） |
| P | | 0.012 | <0.001 | 0.085 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151363076500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
2组患者术后1、6、24 h恶心呕吐的发生情况［M（P25，P75）］
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | 1 h postoperatively | 6 h postoperatively | 24 h postoperatively |
|---|
| Control group | 109 | 0.0（0.0， 1.0） | 0.0（0.0， 1.0） | 0.0（0.0， 0.0） |
| Observation group | 101 | 0.0（0.0， 1.0） | 0.0（0.0， 0.0） | 0.0（0.0， 0.0） |
| Z | | 2.511 | 5.080 | 1.720 |
| Cliff’s delta（95%CI） | | 0.201（0.048－0.354） | 0.393（0.249－0.537） | 0.134（-0.019－0.287） |
| P | | 0.012 | <0.001 | 0.085 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151434379669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Occurrence of thirst and hunger discomfort in patients of the 2 groups［n（%）］
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | Not have | Mild | Moderate | Severe |
|---|
| Observation group | 101 | 41（40.59） | 54（53.47） | 6（5.94） | 0 |
| Control group | 109 | 7（6.42） | 87（79.82） | 15（13.76） | 0 |
| χ2 | | 35.411 |
| Cramer’s V（95%CI） | | 0.411（0.295－0.527） |
| P | | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151509877142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
2组患者口渴、饥饿难受程度的发生情况［例（%）］
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | Not have | Mild | Moderate | Severe |
|---|
| Observation group | 101 | 41（40.59） | 54（53.47） | 6（5.94） | 0 |
| Control group | 109 | 7（6.42） | 87（79.82） | 15（13.76） | 0 |
| χ2 | | 35.411 |
| Cramer’s V（95%CI） | | 0.411（0.295－0.527） |
| P | | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151606346135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Pain scores by Numerical Rating Scale in the 2 groups（±s）
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Time | Observation group
（n=101） | Control group
（n=109） | Mean difference
（95%CI） | t | P |
|---|
| 1 h postoperatively | 3.31±2.08 | 3.75±1.76 | -0.44（-0.97－ 0.09） | -1.672 | 0.096 |
| 6 h postoperatively | 1.12±1.13 | 2.26±0.91 | -1.14（-1.41－-0.87） | -8.032 | <0.001 |
| 24 h postoperatively | 0.35±0.70 | 0.40±0.77 | -0.05（-0.25－0.15） | -0.561 | 0.575 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151711203736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
2组患者疼痛评分（NRS疼痛评分）（±s）
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Time | Observation group
（n=101） | Control group
（n=109） | Mean difference
（95%CI） | t | P |
|---|
| 1 h postoperatively | 3.31±2.08 | 3.75±1.76 | -0.44（-0.97－ 0.09） | -1.672 | 0.096 |
| 6 h postoperatively | 1.12±1.13 | 2.26±0.91 | -1.14（-1.41－-0.87） | -8.032 | <0.001 |
| 24 h postoperatively | 0.35±0.70 | 0.40±0.77 | -0.05（-0.25－0.15） | -0.561 | 0.575 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151782506905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Surgical duration， time to resume regular diet postoperatively， length of hospital stay， and duration of vaginal bleeding in patients from both groups（±s）
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | Surgical duration
/min | Hospital stay
/min | Time to resume normal diet
/min | Number of days of vaginal bleeding /d |
|---|
| Observation group | 101 | 6.73±1.55 | 61.46±19.13 | 143.70±56.39 | 5.58±1.96 |
| Control group | 109 | 7.14±1.65 | 69.43±14.11 | 361.07±144.45 | 6.71±2.08 |
| Mean difference（95%CI） | | -0.41（-0.85－0.03） | -7.97（-12.54－-3.40） | -217.37（-249.39－-185.35） | -1.13（-1.68－-0.58） |
| t | | -1.829 | -3.417 | -14.559 | -4.022 |
| P | | 0.069 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320441151853810074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320441146459935070, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
2组患者手术时长、术后恢复普食时间、在院时长、阴道出血时间（±s）
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Group | Number of cases | Surgical duration
/min | Hospital stay
/min | Time to resume normal diet
/min | Number of days of vaginal bleeding /d |
|---|
| Observation group | 101 | 6.73±1.55 | 61.46±19.13 | 143.70±56.39 | 5.58±1.96 |
| Control group | 109 | 7.14±1.65 | 69.43±14.11 | 361.07±144.45 | 6.71±2.08 |
| Mean difference（95%CI） | | -0.41（-0.85－0.03） | -7.97（-12.54－-3.40） | -217.37（-249.39－-185.35） | -1.13（-1.68－-0.58） |
| t | | -1.829 | -3.417 | -14.559 | -4.022 |
| P | | 0.069 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
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