Article(id=1320440958022439756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320440935603880850, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509095, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1759075200000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-29, revisedDate=1768752000000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792747256998, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1773504000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792747256998, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792747256998, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792747256998, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320440935603880850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2026', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='523', pageEnd='662', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773504000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792747251654, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792749737175, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320451360810713528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320440935603880850, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320451360810713529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320440935603880850, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=572, endPage=582, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320440958202794829, articleId=1320440958022439756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=SnoRNA SCARNA4 as an independent prognostic factor drives tumor progression by promoting lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion and predicts poor prognosis: a functional validation and clinical cohort study, columnId=1320435174995772212, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Clinical Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the differential expression profiles of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma and their association with prognosis, screen and validate lung adenocarcinoma-related snoRNAs, and explore their roles in tumorigenesis and progression.

Methods

Differentially expressed snoRNAs between lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues were screened using Arraystar Small RNA expression microarrays. The obtained candidates were validated through the GEO database (GSE261702), followed by selecting snoRNAs that passed molecular cloning experiments, and finally RT-qPCR. By constructing SCARNA4 overexpression models (Vector group and SCARNA4 group) and knockdown models (siNC group and siSCARNA4 group), proliferation, migration and invasion assays were carried out to assess the biological functions of SCARNA4 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Based on tumor tissues from 108 lung adenocarcinoma patients (Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, between February 2013 and May 2015), the expression level of SCARNA4 was detected by RT-qPCR. Using X-tile software to determine the optimal cut-off value (3.48), the patients were accordingly stratified into high (57 cases) and low SCARNA4 expression (51 cases) groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models were constructed to analyze the impact of SCARNA4 expression on prognosis.

Results

Small RNA microarray identified 62 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated snoRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Integration with GEO database and molecular cloning yielded 8 candidate snoRNAs. RT-qPCR results revealed significantly elevated SCARNA4 expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than normal tissues (P=0.042 7). Overexpression of SCARNA4 significantly promoted the proliferative, migrative, and invasive capacities in A549 cells (P<0.01), whereas its knockdown obviously inhibited these functions (P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in the high-expression group when compared with the low-expression group (P=0.034). Univariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that high SCARNA4 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis (HR=2.285, 95%CI: 1.040 to 5.020, P=0.039). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that, after adjusting for relevant covariates, the expression level of SCARNA4 was an independent risk factor of overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients, and its high expression was notably associated with shortened overall survival of patients (HR=3.038, 95%CI:1.261 to 7.323, P=0.013).

Conclusion

SCARNA4 is up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and associated with poor prognosis. It may be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The molecule might hold promise as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.

, authors=Qingyun PENG1, 2, Weijia XIE2, Tingting XIA2, Yifan SHAN2, Ying XIANG2, Na WU2, Chengying LI2, Long WU2, Zubing YU3, Li BAI4, Jingyuan YANG1, Yafei LI2, authorsList=Qingyun PENG, Weijia XIE, Tingting XIA, Yifan SHAN, Ying XIANG, Na WU, Chengying LI, Long WU, Zubing YU, Li BAI, Jingyuan YANG, Yafei LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jingyuan YANG, Yafei LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2026 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320440961256248154, articleId=1320440958022439756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=一项独立预后因素分析snoRNA SCARNA4通过促进肺腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭驱动肿瘤进展并预示不良预后:基于功能验证与临床队列的研究, columnId=1320435175822050102, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=论著·临床医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析小核仁RNA(small nucleolar RNA, snoRNA)在肺腺癌中的差异表达及其与患者预后的关联,筛选并验证肺腺癌相关snoRNA,探究其在肺腺癌发生发展中的作用机制。

方法

采用Arraystar Small RNA表达芯片技术筛选肺腺癌组织与正常组织中差异表达的snoRNA,将芯片检测结果通过基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中GSE261702数据集验证后,筛选出通过分子克隆实验的snoRNA,并将上述snoRNA利用RT-qPCR进行验证;构建SCARNA4过表达模型(Vector组和SCARNA4组)和敲低模型(siNC组和siSCARNA4组),利用增殖、迁移及侵袭实验验证SCARNA4在肺腺癌细胞中的生物学功能;基于2013年2月至2015年5月陆军军医大学第二附属医院胸外科的108例肺腺癌患者的癌组织标本,通过RT-qPCR检测其SCARNA4表达水平,并运用X-tile软件确定最佳截断值,将患者分为SCARNA4高表达组与低表达组,绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线及构建Cox比例风险回归模型,分析SCARNA4表达水平对患者预后的影响。

结果

Small RNA芯片检测结果获得在肺腺癌组织中表达上调的snoRNA共62条,表达下调的snoRNA有4条,通过GEO数据库及分子克隆实验成功获得8条候选snoRNA,RT-qPCR验证结果显示,与正常组织相比,SCARNA4在肺腺癌组织中的表达显著上调(P=0.042 7);过表达SCARNA4明显促进A549细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力(P<0.001);敲低SCARNA4则显著抑制A549细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力(P<0.001)。根据最佳截断值(3.48),将患者分为SCARNA4高表达组(57例)和SCARNA4低表达组(51例)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果表明,高表达组患者的总生存期显著短于低表达组(P=0.034)。单因素Cox回归分析进一步显示,SCARNA4高表达与患者的不良预后显著相关(HR=2.285,95%CI:1.040~5.020,P=0.039)。多因素Cox回归分析证实,在调整相关协变量后,SCARNA4表达水平是影响肺腺癌患者总生存期的独立危险因素,其高表达与患者总生存期缩短显著相关(HR=3.038,95%CI:1.261~7.323,P=0.013)。

结论

SCARNA4在肺腺癌组织中表达上调,与患者不良预后相关,可能通过调控增殖、迁移和侵袭等方式促进肿瘤进展,有望成为肺腺癌治疗的新靶点和预后生物标志物。

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李亚斐,E-mail:
杨敬源,E-mail:
LI Yafei, E-mail:
YANG Jingyuan, E-mail:
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J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2025, 44(1): 15., articleTitle=SNORA37/CMTR1/ELAVL1 feedback loop drives gastric cancer progression via facilitating CD44 alternative splicing, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320440961516295003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961524683612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961516295003, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961533072221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961516295003, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320440961612763998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961621152607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961612763998, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Epidemiology, College of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961629541216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961612763998, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,重庆;陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320440961700844385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961709232994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961700844385, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Department of Thoracic Surgery), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961717621603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961700844385, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3胸外科)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320440961818284900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961826673509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961818284900, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320440961835062118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, companyId=1320440961818284900, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4全军呼吸内科研究所,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320440969045070767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Expression profiles of snoRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma versus normal tissues by small RNA microarray, figureFileSmall=2gRqUoK+MTajzvuBdgRL2w==, figureFileBig=tGgTq2m7tLsBrFA3KiR/Tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969112179632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=图1, caption=Small RNA芯片检测肺腺癌组织和正常组织中的snoRNA表达结果

A: Cluster diagram of snoRNA expression in tumor versus normal tissues; B: Volcano plot of differentially expressed snoRNAs between tumor and normal tissues. T: Tumor; N: Normal

, figureFileSmall=2gRqUoK+MTajzvuBdgRL2w==, figureFileBig=tGgTq2m7tLsBrFA3KiR/Tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969317700529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Expression of snoRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and paired normal adjacent tissues(n=30), figureFileSmall=LP9o26dZOZzzWoTIMZlZGg==, figureFileBig=ff6NY+Wa/Lf4Y+xVgX4R0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969397392306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=图2, caption=snoRNA在肺腺癌组织及其配对正常组织中的表达情况(n=30), figureFileSmall=LP9o26dZOZzzWoTIMZlZGg==, figureFileBig=ff6NY+Wa/Lf4Y+xVgX4R0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969477084083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Validation of the biological functions of SCARNA4 overexpression in A549 cells, figureFileSmall=rSk0tZrk9NxwSLw+isIzJQ==, figureFileBig=ydwwg/53I4alM2ncTynj7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969565164468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=图3, caption=过表达SCARNA4在A549细胞中的生物学功能验证

A: Overexpression efficiency of SCARNA4 in A549 cells transfected with the pGPU6/GFP/Neo plasmid; B:Growth curves of A549 cells with SCARNA4 overexpression versus vector control; C: Migration of A549 cells with SCARNA4 overexpression versus vector control; D: Invasion of A549 cells with SCARNA4 overexpression versus vector control. a: P<0.05, b: P<0.01, c: P<0.001, compared with the Vector group

, figureFileSmall=rSk0tZrk9NxwSLw+isIzJQ==, figureFileBig=ydwwg/53I4alM2ncTynj7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969640661941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Validation of the biological functions of SCARNA4 knockdown in A549 cells, figureFileSmall=uRxCGNVgu0kF81WAoE3ruA==, figureFileBig=3GLNCNRQduOgCmAQ+o3AiA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969711965110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=图4, caption=敲低SCARNA4在A549细胞中的生物学功能验证

A: Knockdown efficiency of SCARNA4 in A549 cells transfected with siRNA; B: Growth curves of A549 cells with SCARNA4 knockdown versus negative control. a: P<0.05, b: P<0.01, c: P<0.001, compared with the NC group

, figureFileSmall=uRxCGNVgu0kF81WAoE3ruA==, figureFileBig=3GLNCNRQduOgCmAQ+o3AiA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969800045495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=EN, label=Figure 4(continued), caption=Validation of the biological functions of SCARNA4 knockdown in A549 cells, figureFileSmall=h06wtIF9cyM3B0FyLZjGAw==, figureFileBig=GFvBZrv1u4dHnGTAmQsdEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320440969867154360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=续图4, caption=敲低SCARNA4在A549细胞中的生物学功能验证

C: Migration of A549 cells with SCARNA4 knockdown versus negative control; D: Invasion of A549 cells with SCARNA4 knockdown versus negative control

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Demographic and clinical characteristics of 108 patients with lung adenocarcinoma [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariableSample size
Age/years
≤5035(32.4)
51~≤6034(31.5)
>6039(36.1)
Sex
Male66(61.1)
Female42(38.9)
Stage
Ⅰ63(58.3)
Ⅱ27(25.0)
Ⅲ+Ⅳ18(16.7)
Smoking
Yes53(49.1)
No39(36.1)
Missing16(14.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1320440970173338556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

108例肺腺癌患者的人口统计学特征及临床特征[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariableSample size
Age/years
≤5035(32.4)
51~≤6034(31.5)
>6039(36.1)
Sex
Male66(61.1)
Female42(38.9)
Stage
Ⅰ63(58.3)
Ⅱ27(25.0)
Ⅲ+Ⅳ18(16.7)
Smoking
Yes53(49.1)
No39(36.1)
Missing16(14.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1320440970253030333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of overall survival (OS) in 108 patients with lung adenocarcinoma

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariableUnivariateMultivariate
HR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)P
Age/years
≤50ReferenceReference
51~≤601.723(0.656~4.528)0.2703.163(1.007~9.933)0.048
>601.664(0.655~4.230)0.2853.249(1.102~9.580)0.033
Sex
FemaleReferenceReference
Male0.721(0.348~1.495)0.3790.694(0.075~6.441)0.748
Stage
ⅠReferenceReference
Ⅱ0.959(0.398~2.315)0.9271.741(0.664~4.565)0.259
Ⅲ+Ⅳ1.047(0.386~2.837)0.9291.462(0.449~4.754)0.528
Smoking
NoReferenceReference
Yes0.735(0.335~1.612)0.4421.106(0.124~9.846)0.928
SCARNA4
LowReferenceReference
High2.285(1.040~5.020)0.0393.038(1.261~7.323)0.013
), ArticleFig(id=1320440970332722110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320440958022439756, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

108例肺腺癌患者OS的Cox比例风险回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariableUnivariateMultivariate
HR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)P
Age/years
≤50ReferenceReference
51~≤601.723(0.656~4.528)0.2703.163(1.007~9.933)0.048
>601.664(0.655~4.230)0.2853.249(1.102~9.580)0.033
Sex
FemaleReferenceReference
Male0.721(0.348~1.495)0.3790.694(0.075~6.441)0.748
Stage
ⅠReferenceReference
Ⅱ0.959(0.398~2.315)0.9271.741(0.664~4.565)0.259
Ⅲ+Ⅳ1.047(0.386~2.837)0.9291.462(0.449~4.754)0.528
Smoking
NoReferenceReference
Yes0.735(0.335~1.612)0.4421.106(0.124~9.846)0.928
SCARNA4
LowReferenceReference
High2.285(1.040~5.020)0.0393.038(1.261~7.323)0.013
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一项独立预后因素分析snoRNA SCARNA4通过促进肺腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭驱动肿瘤进展并预示不良预后:基于功能验证与临床队列的研究
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彭青云 1, 2 , 谢薇佳 2 , 夏婷婷 2 , 单亦凡 2 , 向颖 2 , 邬娜 2 , 李成英 2 , 吴龙 2 , 余祖滨 3 , 白莉 4 , 杨敬源 1 , 李亚斐 2
陆军军医大学学报 | 论著·临床医学 2026,48(5): 572-582
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陆军军医大学学报 |论著·临床医学 2026 , 48 (5) : 572 -582
一项独立预后因素分析snoRNA SCARNA4通过促进肺腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭驱动肿瘤进展并预示不良预后:基于功能验证与临床队列的研究
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彭青云1, 2, 谢薇佳2, 夏婷婷2, 单亦凡2, 向颖2, 邬娜2, 李成英2, 吴龙2, 余祖滨3, 白莉4, 杨敬源1 , 李亚斐2
作者信息
  • 1贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳
  • 2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,重庆;陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院
  • 3胸外科
  • 4全军呼吸内科研究所,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆
通讯作者:
李亚斐,E-mail:
杨敬源,E-mail:
LI Yafei, E-mail:
YANG Jingyuan, E-mail:
SnoRNA SCARNA4 as an independent prognostic factor drives tumor progression by promoting lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion and predicts poor prognosis: a functional validation and clinical cohort study
Qingyun PENG1, 2, Weijia XIE2, Tingting XIA2, Yifan SHAN2, Ying XIANG2, Na WU2, Chengying LI2, Long WU2, Zubing YU3, Li BAI4, Jingyuan YANG1 , Yafei LI2
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou
  • 2Department of Epidemiology, College of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing
  • 3Department of Thoracic Surgery
  • 4Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
出版时间: 2026-03-15 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509095
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目的

分析小核仁RNA(small nucleolar RNA, snoRNA)在肺腺癌中的差异表达及其与患者预后的关联,筛选并验证肺腺癌相关snoRNA,探究其在肺腺癌发生发展中的作用机制。

方法

采用Arraystar Small RNA表达芯片技术筛选肺腺癌组织与正常组织中差异表达的snoRNA,将芯片检测结果通过基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中GSE261702数据集验证后,筛选出通过分子克隆实验的snoRNA,并将上述snoRNA利用RT-qPCR进行验证;构建SCARNA4过表达模型(Vector组和SCARNA4组)和敲低模型(siNC组和siSCARNA4组),利用增殖、迁移及侵袭实验验证SCARNA4在肺腺癌细胞中的生物学功能;基于2013年2月至2015年5月陆军军医大学第二附属医院胸外科的108例肺腺癌患者的癌组织标本,通过RT-qPCR检测其SCARNA4表达水平,并运用X-tile软件确定最佳截断值,将患者分为SCARNA4高表达组与低表达组,绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线及构建Cox比例风险回归模型,分析SCARNA4表达水平对患者预后的影响。

结果

Small RNA芯片检测结果获得在肺腺癌组织中表达上调的snoRNA共62条,表达下调的snoRNA有4条,通过GEO数据库及分子克隆实验成功获得8条候选snoRNA,RT-qPCR验证结果显示,与正常组织相比,SCARNA4在肺腺癌组织中的表达显著上调(P=0.042 7);过表达SCARNA4明显促进A549细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力(P<0.001);敲低SCARNA4则显著抑制A549细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力(P<0.001)。根据最佳截断值(3.48),将患者分为SCARNA4高表达组(57例)和SCARNA4低表达组(51例)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果表明,高表达组患者的总生存期显著短于低表达组(P=0.034)。单因素Cox回归分析进一步显示,SCARNA4高表达与患者的不良预后显著相关(HR=2.285,95%CI:1.040~5.020,P=0.039)。多因素Cox回归分析证实,在调整相关协变量后,SCARNA4表达水平是影响肺腺癌患者总生存期的独立危险因素,其高表达与患者总生存期缩短显著相关(HR=3.038,95%CI:1.261~7.323,P=0.013)。

结论

SCARNA4在肺腺癌组织中表达上调,与患者不良预后相关,可能通过调控增殖、迁移和侵袭等方式促进肿瘤进展,有望成为肺腺癌治疗的新靶点和预后生物标志物。

小核仁RNA  /  SCARNA4  /  肺腺癌  /  致癌作用  /  预后
Objective

To analyze the differential expression profiles of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma and their association with prognosis, screen and validate lung adenocarcinoma-related snoRNAs, and explore their roles in tumorigenesis and progression.

Methods

Differentially expressed snoRNAs between lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues were screened using Arraystar Small RNA expression microarrays. The obtained candidates were validated through the GEO database (GSE261702), followed by selecting snoRNAs that passed molecular cloning experiments, and finally RT-qPCR. By constructing SCARNA4 overexpression models (Vector group and SCARNA4 group) and knockdown models (siNC group and siSCARNA4 group), proliferation, migration and invasion assays were carried out to assess the biological functions of SCARNA4 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Based on tumor tissues from 108 lung adenocarcinoma patients (Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, between February 2013 and May 2015), the expression level of SCARNA4 was detected by RT-qPCR. Using X-tile software to determine the optimal cut-off value (3.48), the patients were accordingly stratified into high (57 cases) and low SCARNA4 expression (51 cases) groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models were constructed to analyze the impact of SCARNA4 expression on prognosis.

Results

Small RNA microarray identified 62 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated snoRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Integration with GEO database and molecular cloning yielded 8 candidate snoRNAs. RT-qPCR results revealed significantly elevated SCARNA4 expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than normal tissues (P=0.042 7). Overexpression of SCARNA4 significantly promoted the proliferative, migrative, and invasive capacities in A549 cells (P<0.01), whereas its knockdown obviously inhibited these functions (P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in the high-expression group when compared with the low-expression group (P=0.034). Univariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that high SCARNA4 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis (HR=2.285, 95%CI: 1.040 to 5.020, P=0.039). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that, after adjusting for relevant covariates, the expression level of SCARNA4 was an independent risk factor of overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients, and its high expression was notably associated with shortened overall survival of patients (HR=3.038, 95%CI:1.261 to 7.323, P=0.013).

Conclusion

SCARNA4 is up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and associated with poor prognosis. It may be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The molecule might hold promise as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.

small nucleolar RNA  /  SCARNA4  /  adenocarcinoma of lung  /  carcinogenesis  /  prognosis
彭青云, 谢薇佳, 夏婷婷, 单亦凡, 向颖, 邬娜, 李成英, 吴龙, 余祖滨, 白莉, 杨敬源, 李亚斐. 一项独立预后因素分析snoRNA SCARNA4通过促进肺腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭驱动肿瘤进展并预示不良预后:基于功能验证与临床队列的研究. 陆军军医大学学报, 2026 , 48 (5) : 572 -582 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509095
Qingyun PENG, Weijia XIE, Tingting XIA, Yifan SHAN, Ying XIANG, Na WU, Chengying LI, Long WU, Zubing YU, Li BAI, Jingyuan YANG, Yafei LI. SnoRNA SCARNA4 as an independent prognostic factor drives tumor progression by promoting lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion and predicts poor prognosis: a functional validation and clinical cohort study[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2026 , 48 (5) : 572 -582 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509095
肺癌目前是我国癌症发病率和病死率第一的恶性肿瘤。2024年,国家癌症中心在国家癌症中心杂志(The Journal of the National Cancer Center,JNCC)上公布了基于全国肿瘤登记及随访监测数据的2022年中国恶性肿瘤疾病负担报告。2022年全年新发病例共482.47万人,其中肺癌高达106.06万人,其发病率和死亡率分别为75.13/10万和51.94/10万[1]。
非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)是最常见的肺癌类型,占所有肺癌的80%~85%[2]。其中肺腺癌(lung adenocarcinoma, LUAD)为肺癌中最常见的组织学亚型,占肺癌比例约40%[3]。目前,肺癌的早期诊断仍是一个重要问题,通常在发现时已进入进展期。因此,亟须找到肺癌致病基因和生物标志物,为肺癌早期诊断与精准治疗策略提供潜在的新型作用靶点,以提高肺腺癌患者治疗反应率和长期生存率[4]。
小核仁RNA(small nucleolar RNA, snoRNA)是一类非编码RNA(non-coding RNA, ncRNA),主要定位于真核生物细胞的细胞核内[5-6],长度为60~300核苷酸,在多种RNA的加工与修饰过程中发挥关键作用[7]。根据结构与功能特征,snoRNA可分为BoxC/D家族、BoxH/ACA家族、小卡扎尔体RNA(small Cajal RNA, scaRNA)及孤儿型snoRNA(orphan snoRNA)4类[8]。近年来,大量研究证实snoRNA与多种遗传疾病及肿瘤性疾病的发生发展密切相关。
在癌症中,多种snoRNA呈现异常表达,其表达水平与癌症类型、临床分期及转移状态具有相关性,并在疾病进展过程中扮演重要角色。例如,SNORD113-1作为抑癌基因,可能通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)/细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,EPK)和转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)通路抑制肝癌细胞HepG2和Huh7的生长[9];有研究发现,SNORA42在前列腺癌组织中高表达,并且可以促进前列腺癌细胞DU145和PC3的增殖、迁移和上皮-间质转化(epithrlial-mesenchymal transition, EMT)[10];在胃癌中高表达的SNORD105b可通过醛缩酶(aldolase A, ALDOA)/髓细胞组织增生病毒癌基因同源物(cellular myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog, C-Myc)通路诱导肿瘤发生[11]。
已有研究报道,snoRNA在肺癌发生发展中的作用,可通过影响细胞增殖、细胞重塑等生物学过程,发挥促进或抑制作用[12]。但是这些研究尚处于初步探索阶段,snoRNA在肺癌发生发展中的作用及分子机制尚不明确。因此,本研究拟进一步探索snoRNA参与肺腺癌发生和转移过程的机制,筛选并验证肺腺癌相关snoRNA,分析snoRNA在肺腺癌中的差异表达,探究其在肺腺癌中的细胞生物学作用,为寻找更有效的肺腺癌诊断标志物和治疗靶标提供新的线索。
本研究采用的组织样本均来自2013年2月至2015年5月陆军军医大学第二附属医院胸外科肺腺癌患者。其中,Small RNA芯片筛查采用4对肺腺癌及其配对正常组织标本(病理均诊断为肺腺癌,其肿瘤组织的病理结果均为癌细胞含量≥60%);RT-qPCR验证实验采用30对肺腺癌及配对正常组织标本;生存分析中采用108例患者的肺腺癌组织。
纳入标准:根据WHO标准经组织病理学确诊为原发性肺腺癌的患者。排除标准:①患有冠心病、糖尿病等其他慢性病,或合并其他肿瘤;②伴有自身免疫性疾病等其他系统性疾病者。所有患者均知情同意。本研究方案已获陆军军医大学第二附属医院医学伦理委员会批准(2022-研第102-01)。
A549细胞株购自中国科学院上海细胞生物学研究所细胞库。所有标本均于患者首次手术且尚未接受任何放疗或化疗前获取。术中切取肺腺癌原发灶(体积约1 cm³),并于距肿瘤边缘>5 cm的远端肺实质切取配对正常组织作为对照。标本离体后即刻投入液氮中速冻,随后转移至-80 ℃超低温冰箱长期保存。
从每例冻存标本中切取约200 mg组织,经OCT包埋后制备5 µm厚冰冻切片,行苏木精-伊红染色。依据WHO肺肿瘤分类标准判定组织学类型,并采用数字图像分析系统定量评估肿瘤细胞占比。纳入肿瘤细胞比例>60%的标本作为肺腺癌组,而肿瘤细胞为0且结构正常的配对正常组织作为对照组。
依据预先设计的标准化问卷,系统收集研究对象的人口学特征,包括年龄、性别、吸烟史等信息,并同步摘录电子病历中的临床诊疗、病理分期等数据。
本研究通过电话随访动态追踪并记录患者的生存状态信息。随访起始时间为患者手术日当天,终点事件设定为2024年12月30日或患者死亡。主要观察指标为总生存期(overall survival, OS),OS定义为自手术日起至死亡或末次随访的时间间隔;同时记录患者的生存状态,包括存活、死亡或失访。
在本研究中,收集4例肺腺癌患者的肿瘤样本及对应正常肺组织,开展Small RNA芯片检测。对照组为同一患者来源的正常肺组织。Small RNA芯片检测完成后,利用Agilent Feature Extraction软件提取芯片信号数据,从中提取snoRNA的表达数据,根据Small RNA芯片检测结果绘制聚类图和火山图。并对肿瘤与正常组织进行差异表达分析。设定筛选阈值为差异倍数(fold change,FC)≥1.5且P<0.05,从而初步获得差异表达的snoRNA。
通过基因表达综合数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中GSE261702数据集的A549 Small RNA-seq数据包获取上述snoRNA的基因表达情况,根据上述数据库进一步验证差异表达的snoRNA。
将上述得到的有统计学意义的snoRNA通过oligo7设计引物,并通过分子克隆实验验证引物的特异性。分子克隆实验流程如下。①连接反应:首先准备反应体系[5 μL 2×Rapid Ligation Buffer,T4 DNA Ligase;1 μL pGEM®-T或-T Easy Vector(50 ng);x μL纯化的PCR产物;1 μL T4 DNA Ligase(3 Weiss units/μL);(3-x)μL DEPC水],混匀反应体系后4 ℃孵育过夜。②培养基制备:按说明书配制LB固体(40 g/L)与液体(25 g/L)培养基,高压灭菌后冷却。固体培养基在倒板前加入氨苄青霉素,倒入平皿凝固后4 ℃保存;液体培养基冷却后4 ℃备用。③转化与涂板:取2 μL连接产物与50 μL冰上融化的感受态细胞混匀,冰浴20 min后42 ℃热激47 s,再冰浴2 min。加入950 μL室温SOC培养基,37 ℃、150 r/min(振幅26 mm)复苏1.5 h。在含氨苄青霉素的LB平板上涂布X-Gal和IPTG,取100 μL菌液涂布,37 ℃倒置过夜培养,挑取白色单菌落。④菌落扩增:挑取白色单菌落接种于含氨苄青霉素的5 mL LB液体培养基中,37 ℃、270 r/min(振幅26 mm)振荡培养12 h。取2 mL转接至含氨苄青霉素的新培养基中继续培养,原管补充相应培养基及抗生素进行培养。⑤提取质粒:收集菌体,用试剂盒(Buffer E1/E2/E3)进行裂解与中和,离心后取上清,经Buffer EP4处理后过柱。依次用Buffer E5和Buffer PW2洗涤吸附柱,空离后加DEPC水洗脱,获得质粒。⑥Sanger测序:采用Sanger双脱氧链终止法,对提取的质粒DNA进行单向序列测定。
组织总RNA的提取采用Trizol法[Trizol试剂购自美国TaKaRa公司;氯仿(三氯甲烷)、异丙醇、无水乙醇购自成都科隆公司],随后使用PrimeScript™RT reagent Kit with gDNA Eraser试剂盒(美国TaKaRa公司)进行cDNA合成;RT-qPCR则按照2×Universal SYBR Green Fast qPCR Mix试剂盒(武汉Abclonal公司)的操作说明开展,以U6基因为内参基因,用于检测8个snoRNA的表达水平。RT-qPCR反应体系(20 µL)组成如下:2×Universal SYBR Green Fast qPCR Mix 10 µL,10 µmol/L的正、反向引物各1 µL,cDNA模板1 µL,其余体积由ddH2O补足(引物合成由上海生工公司支持)。
为评估SCARNA4在细胞增殖中的功能,分别进行了SCARNA4敲低实验和SCARNA4过表达实验。SCARNA4敲低实验将细胞分为:阴性对照(negative control,NC)组与转染siRNA的SCARNA4敲低组。SCARNA4过表达实验将细胞分为:转染空载体的阴性对照(Vector)组与转染pGPU6/GFP/Neo的SCARNA4过表达组。
A549细胞的培养采用完全培养基,该完全培养基以RPMI-1640培养基(美国Gibco公司)为基础培养基,加入10%FBS(美国Gibco公司)和1%青霉素-链霉素溶液(上海碧云天公司)制成。将培养环境设定为37 ℃、5%CO₂。转染前1 d将A549细胞接种于6孔板中培养,待细胞密度达到70%~80%且分布均匀时进行转染,转染过程遵循碧云天Lipo8000™试剂盒(上海碧云天公司)说明书进行。质粒pGPU6/GFP/Neo和siRNA的合成由苏州GenePharma公司支持。
CCK-8:转染24 h后的细胞以每孔2 000个细胞的密度接种至96孔板,每组设置3个复孔;分别在细胞培养24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h后,更换孔内培养基为每孔100 µL完全培养基与10 µL CCK-8试剂(重庆葆光生物公司)的混合液,37 ℃孵育2 h后,测定光密度[OD(450)]值。
Transwell实验分组同细胞增殖实验。细胞迁移实验方法为将转染(转染方法同增殖实验)24 h后的细胞以每孔1×10⁴个的密度接种于放置在24孔板的小室内,小室内加入用无血清培养基稀释的细胞悬液,小室外则加入500 µL含血清的完全培养基;在培养箱中孵育24~36 h后,对小室底层膜外的细胞进行固定、结晶紫(上海碧云天公司)染色,晾干后倒置于显微镜下观察并拍摄。
细胞侵袭实验需要在接种细胞前预先将上室包被基质胶(上海碧云天公司)。具体操作如下:将基质胶原液在冰上使用预冷的无血清培养基,按体积比1∶9的比例稀释并混匀后,取20 µL加入每个小室,置于细胞培养箱中孵育2 h后再进行细胞接种。其余操作同迁移实验。
利用X-tile软件得到SCARNA4表达量的最佳截断值,根据最佳截断值将研究对象划分为SCARNA4高表达组与低表达组。采用R4.5.0软件中的Survival包绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线。单因素及多因素Cox比例风险回归模型的分析结果以风险比(hazard ratio, HR)及95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)表示。
统计分析采用R4.5.0软件及GraphPad Prism 9.5软件完成。对于两组配对计量资料,若符合正态分布,则采用配对t检验;若不符合正态分布,则采用配对样本Wilcoxon符号秩和检验。双侧P<0.05时表示差异具有统计学意义。
Small RNA芯片分析检测结果发现,snoRNA能将肿瘤组织和正常组织进行有效区分(图1A)。根据筛选阈值,本研究获得在肺腺癌组织中表达上调的snoRNA共62条,表达下调的snoRNA有4条(图1B)。将本研究的芯片检测结果在A549 Small RNA-seq数据包中验证,其中14条snoRNA验证成功,均为在肺腺癌组织中上调的snoRNA。进一步经分子克隆实验验证,成功验证了8条snoRNA的引物特异性:SNORA11D、SCARNA4、SNORA67、SNORA81、SNORD10、SNORD30、SNORD35A、SNORD38B。这8条snoRNA在扩大样本(n=30)的肺腺癌组织及其配对正常组织中的RT-qPCR结果显示,仅SCARNA4在肺腺癌与正常组织间存在显著差异表达(P=0.042 7,图2)。
利用质粒pGPU6/GFP/Neo转染A549细胞构建SCARNA4过表达模型,RT-qPCR结果显示,SCARNA4表达量在过表达组中显著增高(P=0.000 3)。采用CCK-8实验评估了SCARNA4对A549细胞增殖能力的影响,结果显示,与Vector组相比,过表达SCARNA4后,A549细胞的增殖能力明显增强(P<0.001),提示SCARNA4具有促进A549细胞增殖活性的作用。采用Transwell实验对过表达SCARNA4的A549细胞株进行侵袭和迁移能力的检测。结果显示,过表达SCARNA4后,A549细胞的迁移能力和侵袭能力较Vector组明显增强(P<0.001,图3)。
通过siRNA敲低SCARNA4,在A549细胞中构建SCARNA4敲低模型,结果显示,SCARNA4表达量在敲低组中成功降低50%(P=0.000 6)。采用CCK-8实验评估敲低SCARNA4对A549细胞增殖能力的影响,结果显示,敲低SCARNA4后,A549细胞的增殖能力较NC组明显减弱(P<0.001)。采用Transwell实验检验敲低SCARNA4对A549细胞株侵袭和迁移能力的影响。结果显示,敲低SCARNA4后,A549细胞的迁移能力和侵袭能力较NC组明显减弱(P<0.001,图4)。
108例肺腺癌患者的人口学特征及一般临床信息见表1。通过RT-qPCR检测肺腺癌患者组织中SCARNA4的表达量,然后通过X-tile软件得到SCARNA4表达量的最佳截断值(3.48),再根据最佳截断值将108例患者划分为SCARNA4高表达组(57例)与低表达组(51例)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示(图5),SCARNA4高表达组患者的OS显著短于低表达组患者(P=0.034)。提示SCARNA4高表达可能与肺腺癌患者的不良预后相关,表明其具备作为肺腺癌患者预后评估标志物的潜在价值。
采用Cox比例风险回归模型对与OS相关的潜在预后因素进行系统评估,结果见表2。单因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,SCARNA4高表达(HR=2.285,95%CI:1.040~5.020,P=0.039)与肺腺癌患者的OS存在显著相关性。鉴于年龄、性别、分期与吸烟史可能是影响肺腺癌患者预后的重要混杂因素,本研究在进一步校正年龄、性别、分期和吸烟史后进行多因素Cox回归分析,结果表明SCARNA4高表达(HR=3.038,95%CI:1.261~7.323,P=0.013)是影响肺腺癌患者OS的独立危险因素。
SnoRNA主要通过与特定蛋白质结合形成snoRNA-核糖体蛋白复合物,从而保护snoRNA免受核外降解[13]。这种核糖体蛋白复合物的稳定结构使得snoRNA在作为癌症生物标志物方面具备独特优势[14]。目前,越来越多的研究证实,snoRNA可作为癌症诊断或预后评估的生物标志物。近年来,关于snoRNA在肺癌中的作用逐渐受到关注,有研究表明SNORD33、SNORD66及SNORD76可作为NSCLC的潜在生物标志物[15];SNORD55可作为潜在的早期肺癌诊断的非侵入性生物标志物[16];另有研究显示,SNORD88C在组织及血浆中上调,促进NSCLC在体内外的增殖、侵袭与转移[17]。上述研究表明,snoRNA具备作为癌症生物标志物的潜在应用价值,可成为该领域的候选分子。
本研究利用Small RNA芯片检测对4例肺腺癌患者的癌组织及配对正常组织进行差异表达的snoRNA筛选,以FC≥1.5,P<0.05为阈值,并设计引物进行测序,筛选到8个差异表达上调的snoRNA,随后在30对肺腺癌组织和配对正常组织中进行qPCR验证,发现只有SCARNA4差异表达且在癌组织中高表达。关于SCARNA4在肿瘤中的研究较少,目前尚未发现其在肺癌中的研究报道。已有研究发现SCARNA4可作为乳腺癌的潜在诊断生物标志物[14],但其在肺腺癌的诊断及预后评估中的作用仍然未知,并且SCARNA4在肺腺癌发生发展中的生物学功能以及作用机制也有待深入研究。另外,针对上述既往报道的SNORD33、SNORD66、SNORD55、SNORD88C、SNORD76这5个snoRNA,本研究结合自身实验设计与结果进行了回溯核查。由于本研究初期Small RNA芯片检测阶段仅纳入4例肺腺癌患者的癌组织及配对正常组织,样本量相对有限,导致SNORD76未被筛选到有效表达信号;而SNORD33、SNORD66、SNORD55、SNORD88C在本研究设定的差异表达筛选标准(FC≥1.5,P<0.05)下,均未达到显著差异表达阈值,故未纳入后续验证分析。
为探究SCARNA4在肺腺癌中的生物学作用,本研究首先构建了过表达SCARNA4和敲低SCARNA4的A549细胞模型,检测了SCARNA4对A549细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的体外生物学功能的影响。结果表明,SCARNA4具有促进A549细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的能力。
为进一步分析SCARNA4在肺腺癌患者预后中的临床价值,本研究检测了肺腺癌患者癌组织中的SCARNA4表达水平,Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果表明,SCARNA4高表达患者的OS显著低于低表达患者;经年龄、性别、分期及吸烟史校正后的多因素Cox比例风险回归分析进一步证实,SCARNA4高表达是肺腺癌患者OS的独立危险因素。上述结果提示,SCARNA4的表达水平与肺腺癌患者预后密切相关,其有望成为评估肺腺癌患者预后的潜在生物标志物。
本研究尽管率先探索了snoRNA SCARNA4在肺腺癌中的生物学作用和临床预后价值,但仍存在一定局限性:①本研究仅验证了SCARNA4在体外实验中的生物学功能,其体内生物学功能的相关性有待进一步探究;②本研究生存分析的样本来自单中心患者群体,后续研究可扩大样本量进行验证;③SCARNA4在肺腺癌发生发展过程中发挥作用的分子机制尚未完全阐明,仍需更深入地研究予以揭示。近年来,越来越多的研究证据揭示,snoRNA除经典功能外,其“非经典”调控作用在肿瘤发生发展中扮演着关键角色[18]。例如,snoRNA可通过与特定蛋白质相互作用形成复合物,进而调控下游基因表达网络,参与肿瘤细胞的恶性生物学行为调控。结合本研究前期获得的实验数据及相关领域文献报道,本研究提出假说:SCARNA4可能通过与肺腺癌细胞中特定蛋白质发生相互作用,调控下游关键信号通路的异常激活,最终驱动肺腺癌细胞的增殖进程。为验证上述假说,明确SCARNA4在肺腺癌中的调控机制,研究团队计划从以下3个层面开展深入探究:①采用RNA pull-down联合质谱分析技术,以生物素标记的SCARNA4为特异性“诱饵”,在肺腺癌细胞总蛋白提取物中进行筛选,捕获与SCARNA4存在直接或间接相互作用的候选蛋白质,构建SCARNA4的蛋白相互作用谱。②针对质谱鉴定获得的候选结合蛋白,利用RNA免疫沉淀实验进行反向验证。通过特异性识别候选蛋白的抗体沉淀内源性RNA-蛋白复合物,检测复合物中SCARNA4的富集水平,明确内源性条件下SCARNA4与候选蛋白的相互作用关系。③通过Western blot检测干扰SCARNA4表达后,关键结合蛋白的表达水平、磷酸化修饰状态等是否发生显著改变,进而初步揭示SCARNA4与目标蛋白的相互作用对下游信号通路及肺腺癌细胞增殖表型的功能性影响,为后续深入研究奠定基础。
综上所述,SCARNA4在肺腺癌中表达呈现上调趋势,可以促进肺腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭,其表达水平与肺腺癌患者的预后密切相关,提示SCARNA4可能作为一种促癌的非编码RNA参与肿瘤的发生发展过程,有望成为肺腺癌诊断及预后评估的潜在生物标志物,为临床上肺腺癌患者的诊断和预后预测提供新的思路。

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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202509095
  • 接收时间:2025-09-29
  • 首发时间:2026-10-23
  • 出版时间:2026-03-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-29
  • 修回日期:2026-01-19
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    1贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳
    2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,重庆;陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院
    3胸外科
    4全军呼吸内科研究所,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆

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LI Yafei, E-mail:
YANG Jingyuan, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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