Article(id=1320435196416082886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320435149154669015, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760025600000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-10, revisedDate=1765900800000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792745883324, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1769702400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792745883324, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792745883324, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792745883324, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320435149154669015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2026', volume='48', issue='2', pageStart='107', pageEnd='250', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769702400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792745872057, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792749692151, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320451171886682715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320435149154669015, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320451171886682716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1320435149154669015, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=203, endPage=215, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320435198072832967, articleId=1320435196416082886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Challenges in the post-high vaccination coverage era: prevalence characteristics, future projections, and comprehensive management strategies based on risk factor control for chronic hepatitis B in China, columnId=1320434453051199700, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Think Tank for Public Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To analyze the epidemiological trends and disease burden in chronic hepatitis B (including cirrhosis) from 1990 to 2021 globally and in China based on Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD) 2021 study, assess development-related inequality patterns and demographic drivers, and project China’s future burden and risk-factor contributions.
Methods A secondary analysis was conducted on GBD 2021 data for 1990—2021 to extract the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate (ASDR) globally (204 countries/territories) and in China, each with 95% uncertainty interval (UI). Joinpoint regression was used to estimate the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Combining sociodemographic index (SDI)-related inequality metrics, frontier analysis, and Das Gupta symmetric decomposition, differences in disease burden were quantified, and the relative contributions of population growth, population aging, and changes in age-specific rates to changes in absolute burden were also analyzed. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were fitted to China’s annual series for 1990—2021 to forecast trends for 2022—2035. Within the GBD comparative risk assessment framework, the attributable burden from alcohol consumption and drug use were quantified.
Results Global ASIR, ASPR and ASDR in chronic hepatitis B were declined overall from 1990 to 2021 (all AAPCs, P<0.05). However, under the combined effects of population growth and aging, absolute numbers of cases and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) did not decrease in parallel with age-standardized rates. The burden was concentrated primarily in low-middle SDI countries/territories in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. In China, all 3 age-standardized indicators were decreased by more than 50% when compared with the values in 1990, and the burden was declined markedly in children; Nonetheless, middle-aged and old men remained the main high-burden group, with total cases and DALYs staying at relatively high levels. Decomposition analyses indicated that declines in age-specific rates (epidemiologic change) were the primary driver of reductions in China’s absolute burden, whereas changes in global DALYs were more readily offset or driven by population growth and aging. ARIMA projections suggested that, under continuation of historical control intensity, China’s ASIR and ASDR will decline slowly through 2035, while ASPR will remain comparatively high. Comparative risk assessment showed that alcohol consumption and drug use were important modifiable contributors to DALYs related to chronic hepatitis B (including cirrhosis) globally and in China; alcohol-attributable ASDR in China was higher than the global average.
Conclusion From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized burden of chronic hepatitis B (including cirrhosis) declined globally and in China, yet substantial absolute-burden pressure persists worldwide due to population growth and aging and is unevenly distributed. Despite major progress in China in vaccination, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, and antiviral therapy, strengthened management of prevalent infections and prevention of complications remain critical to further reduce residual burden. Countermeasures In line with the 2030 goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat of World Health Organization, we recommend sustaining high coverage of timely birth-dose and full-course hepatitis B vaccination and strengthening prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT); prioritizing middle-aged and old men and high-risk areas to improve coverage of screening, follow-up, and treatment; integrating alcohol reduction and services for substance use disorders into hepatitis B care; and directing testing and treatment resources toward low-middle SDI settings and other resource-limited areas to narrow burden disparities.
, authors=Pengpeng GUO
1, Menglin KOU
1, Jingyue HUANG
1, Jingya FANG
1, Mei LI
2, Aiguo XUE
1, Jingrong LIANG
1, authorsList=Pengpeng GUO, Menglin KOU, Jingyue HUANG, Jingya FANG, Mei LI, Aiguo XUE, Jingrong LIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jingrong LIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2026 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320435207283524572, articleId=1320435196416082886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=后高接种率时代的挑战:中国慢性乙型肝炎疾病负担的存量特征、未来预测及基于危险因素控制的综合治理策略, columnId=1320434453520961751, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=论著·公共卫生智库, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 基于全球疾病负担研究数据库(global burden of disease database,GBD)2021数据,描述1990—2021年全球及中国慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)的流行趋势与疾病负担,评估社会发展不平等格局及人口学驱动因素,并预测中国未来疾病负担及危险因素贡献。
方法 开展基于GBD 2021的二次分析,提取1990—2021年全球(204个国家/地区)及中国年龄标准化发病率(age-standardized incidence rate,ASIR)、年龄标准化患病率(age-standardized prevalence rate,ASPR)和年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率(age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate,ASDR)及95%不确定区间(uncertainty interval,UI)。采用Joinpoint分段回归估计年均变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC)及95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)。结合社会人口学指数(sociodemographic index,SDI)相关不平等指标、前沿分析与Das Gupta对称加法分解,量化负担差异及人口增长、人口老龄化和流行病学变化对总量变动的相对贡献。基于中国1990—2021年年度序列构建的自回归积分滑动平均模型(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)预测2022—2035年趋势,并在GBD比较风险评估框架下量化酒精使用与药物使用的归因负担。
结果 1990—2021年全球ASIR、ASPR和ASDR总体下降AAPC值均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但在人口增长与老龄化叠加影响下,绝对病例数与伤残调整生命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)未随标化率同步下降,负担主要集中于亚洲与撒哈拉以南非洲低-中SDI国家/地区。同期中国三项年龄标准化指标较1990年均下降>50%,儿童相关负担显著降低,但中老年男性仍为主要负担人群,总病例数与DALYs维持较高水平。分解分析显示,中国总量下降主要由流行病学变化降低驱动,而全球DALYs总量的变化更易受到人口增长与老龄化抵消/推动。ARIMA预测提示,在既往防控强度延续情景下,2035年前中国ASIR与ASDR将缓慢下降,而ASPR仍处相对高位。比较风险评估结果显示,酒精使用与药物使用为全球及中国慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)相关DALYs的重要危险因素,其中中国酒精使用归因ASDR高于全球平均水平。
结论 1990—2021年全球与中国慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)年龄标准化负担总体下降,但全球仍存在由人口增长与老龄化驱动的总量压力且分布不均;中国虽在疫苗接种、预防母婴传播与抗病毒治疗方面取得显著进展,但存量管理与并发症预防仍是进一步减负的关键环节。对策 为实现世界卫生组织提出的“2030年消除病毒性肝炎公共卫生危害”目标,建议巩固新生儿乙肝疫苗及时首针与全程接种并强化预防母婴传播(prevention of mother-to-child transmission,PMTCT);聚焦中老年男性和高危地区,提升筛查-随访-治疗覆盖;将戒酒与物质使用障碍干预纳入乙肝管理;并向低-中SDI国家/地区及资源薄弱地区倾斜检测与治疗资源,缩小负担差距。
, authors=郭芃芃
1, 寇梦琳
1, 黄静月
1, 方静雅
1, 黎梅
2, 薛爱国
1, 梁靖蓉
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2, address=
2Department of Internal Medicine, Zhuhai Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320435213574980606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, authorId=1320435213222659067, language=CN, stringName=黎梅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
2, address=
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Sex-specific trends in ASIR, ASPR and ASDR of chronic hepatitis B (including cirrhosis) in China and globally, 1990—2021, figureFileSmall=Q4kkqIGoJ6ylkYNK+yE5xw==, figureFileBig=n/k89YA2/t34bG3Nj6z6EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435217983193107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
1990—2021年中国与全球慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)年龄标准化发病率、年龄标准化患病率与年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率性别分层趋势ASIR: Age-standardized incidence rate; ASPR: Age-standardized prevalence rate; ASDR: Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate
, figureFileSmall=Q4kkqIGoJ6ylkYNK+yE5xw==, figureFileBig=n/k89YA2/t34bG3Nj6z6EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435219862241300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Age-specific incidence, prevalence and DALYs (5-year age bands) for China and globally: comparison between 1990 and 2021, figureFileSmall=CYORmnNKCbELGsebB1YdpQ==, figureFileBig=EdOnCtam1nR4Sa4p7j694A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435219929350165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
中国与全球的年龄别发病、患病与伤残调整生命年:1990与2021年对比(5岁年龄组)DALYs: Disability-adjusted life-years
, figureFileSmall=CYORmnNKCbELGsebB1YdpQ==, figureFileBig=EdOnCtam1nR4Sa4p7j694A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435219992264726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Associations of ASIR(A), ASPR(B) and ASDR(C) with the SDI, figureFileSmall=SUdK/6xdzl27KUA13F+ulQ==, figureFileBig=nwxITrrs+6x/KxU7DdR+yA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220071956503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
ASIR(A)、ASPR(B)、ASDR(C)和SDI的相关性SDI: Sociodemographic index; ASIR: Age-standardized incidence rate; ASPR: Age-standardized prevalence rate; ASDR: Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate; CI: Confidence interval. The fitted curve (with 95%CI) depicts the overall trend, and the correlation coefficient (r) with 95%CI and P value are shown in each panel
, figureFileSmall=SUdK/6xdzl27KUA13F+ulQ==, figureFileBig=nwxITrrs+6x/KxU7DdR+yA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220143259672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=
Inequality analysis of ASDR across SDI quintiles (SII and CIX), figureFileSmall=kzoxiw+CbVx7/0830j4HEQ==, figureFileBig=NTstT8klv4j+eyiLXPHDaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220218757145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
1990年与2021年按SDI的不平等分析(SII与CIX)ASDR: Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate; DALYs: Disability-adjusted life years; SDI: Sociodemographic index; SII: Slope index of inequality; CIX: Concentration index
, figureFileSmall=kzoxiw+CbVx7/0830j4HEQ==, figureFileBig=NTstT8klv4j+eyiLXPHDaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220290060314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=
Frontier analysis of the ASDR versus the SDI, 1990—2021, figureFileSmall=MkmbOauzbOnU2AHGyOkAjg==, figureFileBig=rrZ/H0jajMxbjyHMcQuwNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220369752091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
ASDR与SDI的前沿分析(1990—2021)DALYs: Disability-adjusted life years; SDI: Sociodemographic index
, figureFileSmall=MkmbOauzbOnU2AHGyOkAjg==, figureFileBig=rrZ/H0jajMxbjyHMcQuwNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220436860956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Decomposition of changes in incidence(A), prevalence(B) and DALYs(C) for China and globally, 1990—2021, figureFileSmall=NZqVw5T8aZv4Zon+vbuglQ==, figureFileBig=XawArYF+jVGW+0ENKXVrdw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220503969821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
1990—2021年中国与全球发病率(A)、患病率(B)与伤残调整生命年(C)变动的分解DALYs: Disability-adjusted life years. Bars indicate absolute contributions, and black dots denote the overall net change
, figureFileSmall=NZqVw5T8aZv4Zon+vbuglQ==, figureFileBig=XawArYF+jVGW+0ENKXVrdw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220596244510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=
Sex-specific trends and ARIMA forecasts of ASIR(A), ASPR(B) and ASDR(C) for chronic hepatitis B including cirrhosis in China, 1990—2035, figureFileSmall=3pU/zUkjWt4TZ3g3nioYpQ==, figureFileBig=ADgY4hdUrbwrpU6p+HsDtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220654964767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
1990—2035年中国慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)年龄标准化发病率(A)、患病率(B)和伤残调整生命年率(C)的性别分层趋势及ARIMA预测ASIR: Age-standardized incidence rate; ASPR: Age-standardized prevalence rate; ASDR: Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate
, figureFileSmall=3pU/zUkjWt4TZ3g3nioYpQ==, figureFileBig=ADgY4hdUrbwrpU6p+HsDtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220722073632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=
Comparison of ASDR attributable to alcohol use and drug use for chronic hepatitis B including cirrhosis, for China and globally, 2021, figureFileSmall=oDtukp07/x1NMC4XoEoLfQ==, figureFileBig=1HLqPeIGNlDtCzxBJhHHOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220776599585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
2021年全球与中国慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)因饮酒和药物滥用归因的ASDR比较ASDR: Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate
, figureFileSmall=oDtukp07/x1NMC4XoEoLfQ==, figureFileBig=1HLqPeIGNlDtCzxBJhHHOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320435220835319842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Overview of chronic hepatitis B (including cirrhosis) burden in China and globally in 1990 and 2021
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Sex | Location | Measure | 1990 | 2021 | 1990—2021 |
|---|
| ASR/104(95%UI) | ASR/104(95%UI) | AAPC(95%CI) |
|---|
| Both | China | ASIR | 235.00 (197.59~271.43) | 60.98 (47.22~76.56) | -4.29(-4.56~-4.03)a |
| ASPR | 10 709.67 (9 767.87~11 756.70) | 4 774.69 (4 282.97~5 260.42) | -2.58(-2.70~-2.45)a |
| ASDR | 479.32 (405.53~555.49) | 167.03 (131.45~206.94) | -3.37(-3.51~-3.24)a |
| Global | ASIR | 134.58 (113.24~156.39) | 61.51 (52.44~69.81) | -2.49(-2.59~-2.40)a |
| ASPR | 5 726.01 (5 234.40~6 271.39) | 3 490.14 (3 197.57~3 789.02) | -1.59(-1.65~-1.54)a |
| ASDR | 279.53 (237.41~328.77) | 161.92 (137.25~186.25) | -1.75(-1.82~-1.67)a |
| Male | China | ASIR | 276.16 (236.12~317.12) | 76.42 (60.17~94.21) | -3.98(-4.26~-3.70)a |
| ASPR | 12 295.26 (11 209.37~13 458.18) | 5 662.48 (5 096.07~6 258.19) | -2.45(-2.63~-2.27)a |
| ASDR | 650.77 (521.51~783.60) | 264.23 (200.03~336.31) | -2.88(-3.04~-2.73)a |
| Global | ASIR | 156.44 (134.10~179.27) | 73.22 (63.22~83.05) | -2.41(-2.54~-2.29)a |
| ASPR | 6 545.96 (6 009.10~7 142.03) | 4 043.81 (3 718.74~4 395.68) | -1.54(-1.59~-1.49)a |
| ASDR | 401.11 (335.01~482.14) | 242.77 (204.41~283.18) | -1.61(-1.69~-1.53)a |
| Female | | ASIR | 191.03 (154.86~226.87) | 44.71 (32.87~58.40) | -4.56(-4.86~-4.26)a |
| China | ASPR | 9 029.18 (8 157.60~10 004.34) | 3 858.60 (3 419.51~4 295.76) | -2.71(-2.85~-2.56)a |
| ASDR | 298.22 (239.48~360.63) | 70.56 (52.79~96.58) | -4.57(-4.70~-4.43)a |
| ASIR | 112.29 (91.70~132.76) | 49.67 (41.46~57.18) | -2.60(-2.68~-2.51)a |
| Global | ASPR | 4 902.03 (4 455.07~5 373.17) | 2 937.87 (2 681.26~3 211.27) | -1.65(-1.68~-1.63)a |
| ASDR | 160.26 (133.09~188.36) | 83.49 (69.68~100.89) | -2.10(-2.17~-2.04)a |
), ArticleFig(id=1320435220910817315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
1990与2021年中国与全球慢性乙型肝炎(含肝硬化)负担概况
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Sex | Location | Measure | 1990 | 2021 | 1990—2021 |
|---|
| ASR/104(95%UI) | ASR/104(95%UI) | AAPC(95%CI) |
|---|
| Both | China | ASIR | 235.00 (197.59~271.43) | 60.98 (47.22~76.56) | -4.29(-4.56~-4.03)a |
| ASPR | 10 709.67 (9 767.87~11 756.70) | 4 774.69 (4 282.97~5 260.42) | -2.58(-2.70~-2.45)a |
| ASDR | 479.32 (405.53~555.49) | 167.03 (131.45~206.94) | -3.37(-3.51~-3.24)a |
| Global | ASIR | 134.58 (113.24~156.39) | 61.51 (52.44~69.81) | -2.49(-2.59~-2.40)a |
| ASPR | 5 726.01 (5 234.40~6 271.39) | 3 490.14 (3 197.57~3 789.02) | -1.59(-1.65~-1.54)a |
| ASDR | 279.53 (237.41~328.77) | 161.92 (137.25~186.25) | -1.75(-1.82~-1.67)a |
| Male | China | ASIR | 276.16 (236.12~317.12) | 76.42 (60.17~94.21) | -3.98(-4.26~-3.70)a |
| ASPR | 12 295.26 (11 209.37~13 458.18) | 5 662.48 (5 096.07~6 258.19) | -2.45(-2.63~-2.27)a |
| ASDR | 650.77 (521.51~783.60) | 264.23 (200.03~336.31) | -2.88(-3.04~-2.73)a |
| Global | ASIR | 156.44 (134.10~179.27) | 73.22 (63.22~83.05) | -2.41(-2.54~-2.29)a |
| ASPR | 6 545.96 (6 009.10~7 142.03) | 4 043.81 (3 718.74~4 395.68) | -1.54(-1.59~-1.49)a |
| ASDR | 401.11 (335.01~482.14) | 242.77 (204.41~283.18) | -1.61(-1.69~-1.53)a |
| Female | | ASIR | 191.03 (154.86~226.87) | 44.71 (32.87~58.40) | -4.56(-4.86~-4.26)a |
| China | ASPR | 9 029.18 (8 157.60~10 004.34) | 3 858.60 (3 419.51~4 295.76) | -2.71(-2.85~-2.56)a |
| ASDR | 298.22 (239.48~360.63) | 70.56 (52.79~96.58) | -4.57(-4.70~-4.43)a |
| ASIR | 112.29 (91.70~132.76) | 49.67 (41.46~57.18) | -2.60(-2.68~-2.51)a |
| Global | ASPR | 4 902.03 (4 455.07~5 373.17) | 2 937.87 (2 681.26~3 211.27) | -1.65(-1.68~-1.63)a |
| ASDR | 160.26 (133.09~188.36) | 83.49 (69.68~100.89) | -2.10(-2.17~-2.04)a |
), ArticleFig(id=1320435221007286308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Decomposition of total changes in incidence, prevalence and DALYs, 1990-2021
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Country/Region | Burden metric | Overall difference | Aging | Population growth | Epidemiological change | Aging/% | Population growth/% | Epidemiological change/% |
|---|
| China | Incident cases | -1 847 327.96 | -249 328.97 | 355 529.02 | -1 953 528.01 | 13.5 | -19.25 | 105.75 |
| Prevalent cases | -44 566 116.60 | 7 962 063.27 | 20 040 752.30 | -72 568 932.20 | -17.87 | -44.97 | 162.83 |
| DALYs | -1 394 733.58 | 2 394 686.49 | 860 206.11 | -4 649 626.18 | -171.69 | -61.68 | 333.37 |
| Global | Incident cases | -2 978 720.23 | -659 514.46 | 2 561 741.22 | -4 880 946.98 | 22.14 | -86.00 | 163.86 |
| Prevalent cases | -25 751 579.30 | 5 685 595.23 | 118 826 012.00 | -150 263 187.00 | -22.08 | -461.43 | 583.51 |
| DALYs | 1 408 009.63 | 3 601 782.03 | 5 369 732.14 | -7 563 504.54 | 255.81 | 381.37 | -537.18 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320435221078589477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1320435196416082886, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
1990—2021年总发病数、总患病数与总DALYs变动的分解
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Country/Region | Burden metric | Overall difference | Aging | Population growth | Epidemiological change | Aging/% | Population growth/% | Epidemiological change/% |
|---|
| China | Incident cases | -1 847 327.96 | -249 328.97 | 355 529.02 | -1 953 528.01 | 13.5 | -19.25 | 105.75 |
| Prevalent cases | -44 566 116.60 | 7 962 063.27 | 20 040 752.30 | -72 568 932.20 | -17.87 | -44.97 | 162.83 |
| DALYs | -1 394 733.58 | 2 394 686.49 | 860 206.11 | -4 649 626.18 | -171.69 | -61.68 | 333.37 |
| Global | Incident cases | -2 978 720.23 | -659 514.46 | 2 561 741.22 | -4 880 946.98 | 22.14 | -86.00 | 163.86 |
| Prevalent cases | -25 751 579.30 | 5 685 595.23 | 118 826 012.00 | -150 263 187.00 | -22.08 | -461.43 | 583.51 |
| DALYs | 1 408 009.63 | 3 601 782.03 | 5 369 732.14 | -7 563 504.54 | 255.81 | 381.37 | -537.18 |
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