Article(id=1322954137578635299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322954116858782668, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760112000000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-11, revisedDate=1764950400000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793346445698, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1767024000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793346445698, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793346445698, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793346445698, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322954116858782668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='24', pageStart='3009', pageEnd='3159', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1767024000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793346440757, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793346440757, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3120, endPage=3129, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322954139319271460, articleId=1322954137578635299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Compliance and influencing factors for endoscopic surveillance in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis: An analysis of 1 196 cases, columnId=1320435174995772212, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Clinical Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the current status of compliance with endoscopic follow-up in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods

Clinical data of 1 196 patients with gastroscopy-diagnosed CAG in our department from May 1 to July 31, 2022 were retrospectively collected in this study. According to the status of gastroscopy reexamination in this hospital and other hospitals within the subsequent nearly 3 years, they were divided into a compliant group (n=473) and a non-compliant group (n=723). General demographic data of, and past medical history, including positive history of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection, intestinal metaplasia, and atrophy classification, as well as disease cognition of CAG, hospital distance, and medical background were collected during follow-up. The current status of compliance with endoscopic follow-up surveillance was analyzed. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent influencing factors for patient compliance with gastroscopy reexamination, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were adopted to determine the predictive efficiency of the logistic regression model on patient compliance with endoscopic follow-up monitoring.

Results

Despite being advised by attending physicians to undergo reexamination within 2~3 years after CAG diagnosis, only 473 (39.55%) patients complied with the follow-up recommendation, while 723 (60.45%) patients did not. Univariate analysis showed statistical differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of residence, education level, monthly income, history of coronary heart disease, symptoms, H. pylori infection history, intestinal metaplasia history, atrophy grade, disease cognition, health awareness score, initial department of visit, hospital distance, and medical background (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors associated with higher compliance included having disease cognition (OR=6.280, 95%CI: 4.442~8.878, P<0.01), higher health awareness score (OR=2.219, 95%CI: 1.943~2.535, P<0.01), presence of symptoms (OR=2.537, 95%CI: 1.822~3.531, P<0.01), history of H. pylori infection (OR=2.159, 95%CI: 1.496~3.116, P<0.01), history of intestinal metaplasia (OR=3.452, 95%CI: 2.100~5.675, P<0.01), history of coronary heart disease (OR=2.306, 95%CI: 1.325~4.015, P<0.01), monthly income of 5 000~10 000 Yuan (OR=2.525, 95%CI: 1.693~3.766, P<0.01) or ≥10 000 Yuan (OR=4.268, 95%CI: 2.472~7.370, P<0.01) (both higher than those with monthly income<5 000 Yuan), type O atrophy (OR=2.523, 95%CI: 1.319~4.827, P<0.01) (higher than type C atrophy), and initial visit to gastroenterological department (OR=1.988, 95%CI: 1.345~2.939, P<0.01) (higher than visits to other departments). Conversely, longer hospital distance was associated with lower compliance (OR=0.981, 95%CI: 0.963~0.998, P<0.05). The patients with college or higher education level (OR=0.250, 95%CI: 0.138~0.453, P<0.01) had lower compliance than those with primary school education level or below, and those with medical background had lower compliance than those without (OR=0.289, 95%CI: 0.150~0.557, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Compliance with endoscopic follow-up surveillance in CAG patients is associated with disease cognition of CAG, health awareness score, monthly income, symptoms, H. pylori infection history, intestinal metaplasia history, atrophy grade, initial department of visit, history of coronary heart disease, hospital distance, and education level. Clinicians should formulate targeted individualized interventions to improve patient compliance and early warning for gastric cancer.

, authors=Zhi GAO, Meng WU, Lei CHEN, authorsList=Zhi GAO, Meng WU, Lei CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lei CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322954139956805671, articleId=1322954137578635299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=慢性萎缩性胃炎患者内镜随访监测依从性及其影响因素的分析, columnId=1320435175822050102, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=论著·临床医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)患者内镜随访监测依从性现状,并分析其影响因素。

方法

回顾性收集于2022年5月1日至2022年7月31日期间就诊于陆军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科并行胃镜检查诊断为CAG的患者病例信息(n=1 196),根据患者后续近3年在本院及外院的胃镜复查情况分为依从组(n=473)和非依从组(n=723),随访收集患者的一般人口学资料,幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩分型等既往史,以及对于CAG的疾病认知、医院距离、医学背景等情况,分析内镜随访监测依从性现状,并采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析评估患者胃镜复查依从性的独立影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(Receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线及ROC下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)来反映Logistic回归模型对于患者胃镜随访监测依从性的预测效果。

结果

本研究显示,在经胃镜诊断为CAG时,尽管接诊医生告知其2~3年内需要复查胃镜,但实际上只有473(39.55%)例患者后续遵医嘱复查胃镜,723(60.45%)例患者未复查。单因素分析发现:两组在居住地、教育程度、月收入、冠心病史、症状、H.pylori感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩级别、疾病认知、健康意识评分、首次就诊科室、医院距离、医学背景上的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:有疾病认知(OR=6.280,95%CI:4.442~8.878,P<0.01)、健康意识评分(OR=2.219,95%CI:1.943~2.535,P<0.01)越高、有症状(OR=2.537,95%CI:1.822~3.531,P<0.01)、有H.pylori感染阳性史(OR=2.159,95%CI:1.496~3.116,P<0.01)、有肠化史(OR=3.452,95%CI:2.100~5.675,P<0.01)、有冠心病史(OR=2.306,95%CI:1.325~4.015,P<0.01)的人群胃镜复查依从性高,月收入5 000~10 000元(OR=2.525,95%CI:1.693~3.766,P<0.01)及10 000元以上(OR=4.268,95%CI:2.472~7.370,P<0.01)的人群依从性均高于月收入5000元以下的人群,O型萎缩(OR=2.523,95%CI:1.319~4.827,P<0.01)的人群比C型萎缩的人群依从性高,首次就诊于消化内科(OR=1.988,95%CI:1.345~2.939,P<0.01)的人群比就诊于其他科室的人群依从性高,医院距离(OR=0.981,95%CI:0.963~0.998,P<0.05)越远,依从性越差;本专科及以上教育程度(OR=0.250,95%CI:0.138~0.453,P<0.01)的人群比小学及以下教育程度人群依从性差,有医学背景(OR=0.289,95%CI:0.150~0.557,P<0.01)的人群比无医学背景的人群依从性差。

结论

CAG患者内镜随访监测依从性与其对于CAG的疾病认知、健康意识评分、月收入、症状、H.pylori感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩级别、首次就诊科室、冠心病史、医院距离、教育程度有关,临床医师可针对性制定个体化干预措施,以提升患者依从性,改善胃癌的预警效果。

, authors=高志, 吴萌, 陈磊, authorsList=高志, 吴萌, 陈磊, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=陈磊, authorNote=

作者贡献声明

高志:实验设计、文章撰写;高志、吴萌:收集数据、统计分析、作图;陈磊:研究指导、论文审阅、经费支持。

, correspAuthorsNote=
陈磊,Email:
CHEN Lei,Email:
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J Army Med Univ,2025,47(5):407-416., articleTitle=Diagnostic value of endoscopic LCPL sign for high-risk intestinal Metaplasia in gastric mucosa, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322954140208463912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954140216852521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, companyId=1322954140208463912, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Gastroenterology,First Affiliated Hospital(Southwest Hospital),Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322954140229435434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, companyId=1322954140208463912, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院(西南医院)消化内科,重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322954141596778562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Prediction model for compliance with gastroscopy reexamination in CAG patients, figureFileSmall=nrp3gpnPyZUrndWq2Oue/A==, figureFileBig=NdPiefE+Z/vtGDRhwcYH4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954141672276035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=CN, label=图1, caption=CAG患者胃镜复查依从性预测模型, figureFileSmall=nrp3gpnPyZUrndWq2Oue/A==, figureFileBig=NdPiefE+Z/vtGDRhwcYH4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322954141894574148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison of baseline characteristics between the 2 groups [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsCompliant group
n=473(39.55)
Non-compliant group
n=723(60.45)
χ2P
Gender0.0030.958
Male267(56.45)407(56.29)
Female206(43.55)316(43.71)
Age/year1.0660.302
<4036(7.61)44(6.09)
≥40437(92.39)679(93.91)
Nationality2.8980.089
Han439(92.81)688(95.16)
Ethnic minorities34(7.19)35(4.84)
Marital status0.9920.319
Married449(94.93)695(96.13)
aOthers24(5.07)28(3.87)
Residence32.8490.000
Rural153(32.35)355(49.10)
Urban320(67.65)368(50.90)
Educational level85.4880.000
Primary school or below61(12.90)269(37.21)
bMiddle school269(56.87)310(42.88)
College degree or above143(30.23)144(19.91)
Monthly income/Yuan101.4470.000
<5 000216(45.67)534(73.86)
≥5 000 and <10 000176(37.21)146(20.19)
≥10 00081(17.12)43(5.95)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954143555518533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组人群的基本特征比较 [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsCompliant group
n=473(39.55)
Non-compliant group
n=723(60.45)
χ2P
Gender0.0030.958
Male267(56.45)407(56.29)
Female206(43.55)316(43.71)
Age/year1.0660.302
<4036(7.61)44(6.09)
≥40437(92.39)679(93.91)
Nationality2.8980.089
Han439(92.81)688(95.16)
Ethnic minorities34(7.19)35(4.84)
Marital status0.9920.319
Married449(94.93)695(96.13)
aOthers24(5.07)28(3.87)
Residence32.8490.000
Rural153(32.35)355(49.10)
Urban320(67.65)368(50.90)
Educational level85.4880.000
Primary school or below61(12.90)269(37.21)
bMiddle school269(56.87)310(42.88)
College degree or above143(30.23)144(19.91)
Monthly income/Yuan101.4470.000
<5 000216(45.67)534(73.86)
≥5 000 and <10 000176(37.21)146(20.19)
≥10 00081(17.12)43(5.95)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954143702319174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of living and dietary habits,past medical history,disease cognition,hospital distance between 2 groups [n(%),km]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsCompliant group
n=473(39.55)
Non-compliant group
n=723(60.45)
χ2(U)P
Smoking history2.2250.136
Yes112(23.68)145(20.06)
No361(76.32)578(79.94)
Alcohol history2.7770.096
Yes95(20.08)175(24.20)
No378(79.92)548(75.80)
Irritating food history3.5460.060
Yes242(51.16)410(56.71)
No231(48.84)313(43.29)
Hypertension2.0810.149
Yes77(16.28)96(13.28)
No396(83.72)627(86.72)
Diabetes mellitus0.7340.392
Yes39(8.25)50(6.92)
No434(91.75)673(93.08)
Kidney disease0.4460.504
Yes9(1.90)18(2.49)
No464(98.10)705(97.51)
Coronary heart disease6.8770.009
Yes59(12.47)57(7.88)
No414(87.53)666(92.12)
Other diseasesa1.8890.169
Yes178(37.63)244(33.75)
No295(62.37)479(66.25)
Symptoms41.1100.000
Yes238(50.32)230(31.81)
No235(49.68)493(68.19)
H. pylori history41.6410.000
Yes146(30.87)110(15.21)
No327(69.13)613(84.79)
Intestinal metaplasia33.7810.000
Yes83(17.55)49(6.78)
No390(82.45)674(93.22)
Atrophy grade11.3650.001
Grade O43(9.09)31(4.29)
Grade C430(90.91)692(95.71)
Disease cognition182.3360.000
Yes335(70.82)224(30.98)
No138(29.18)499(69.02)
Health awareness score6.00(5.00,7.00)4.00(3.00,6.00)76 433.50.000
First visiting department10.6860.001
Gastroenterological department382(80.76)524(72.48)
Other departments91(19.24)199(27.52)
Distance to hospital1.50(0.72,5.65)4.00(1.10,14.10)128 202.50.000
Medical background9.8460.002
Yes43(9.09)33(4.56)
No430(90.91)690(95.44)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954143823953991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组人群的生活饮食习惯及既往史,疾病认知、医院距离等因素 [n(%),km]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
ItemsCompliant group
n=473(39.55)
Non-compliant group
n=723(60.45)
χ2(U)P
Smoking history2.2250.136
Yes112(23.68)145(20.06)
No361(76.32)578(79.94)
Alcohol history2.7770.096
Yes95(20.08)175(24.20)
No378(79.92)548(75.80)
Irritating food history3.5460.060
Yes242(51.16)410(56.71)
No231(48.84)313(43.29)
Hypertension2.0810.149
Yes77(16.28)96(13.28)
No396(83.72)627(86.72)
Diabetes mellitus0.7340.392
Yes39(8.25)50(6.92)
No434(91.75)673(93.08)
Kidney disease0.4460.504
Yes9(1.90)18(2.49)
No464(98.10)705(97.51)
Coronary heart disease6.8770.009
Yes59(12.47)57(7.88)
No414(87.53)666(92.12)
Other diseasesa1.8890.169
Yes178(37.63)244(33.75)
No295(62.37)479(66.25)
Symptoms41.1100.000
Yes238(50.32)230(31.81)
No235(49.68)493(68.19)
H. pylori history41.6410.000
Yes146(30.87)110(15.21)
No327(69.13)613(84.79)
Intestinal metaplasia33.7810.000
Yes83(17.55)49(6.78)
No390(82.45)674(93.22)
Atrophy grade11.3650.001
Grade O43(9.09)31(4.29)
Grade C430(90.91)692(95.71)
Disease cognition182.3360.000
Yes335(70.82)224(30.98)
No138(29.18)499(69.02)
Health awareness score6.00(5.00,7.00)4.00(3.00,6.00)76 433.50.000
First visiting department10.6860.001
Gastroenterological department382(80.76)524(72.48)
Other departments91(19.24)199(27.52)
Distance to hospital1.50(0.72,5.65)4.00(1.10,14.10)128 202.50.000
Medical background9.8460.002
Yes43(9.09)33(4.56)
No430(90.91)690(95.44)
), ArticleFig(id=1322954143916228680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of logistic analysis on compliance with gastroscopy reexamination between the 2 groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesBSEWaldPOR(95%CI)
Disease cognition1.8370.177108.1950.0006.280(4.442~8.878)
Health awareness score0.7970.068137.7970.0002.219(1.943~2.535)
Monthly income/Yuan
<5 000
≥5 000 and <10 0000.9260.20420.6350.0002.525(1.693~3.766)
≥10 0001.4510.27927.1160.0004.268(2.472~7.370)
Symptoms0.9310.16930.4190.0002.537(1.822~3.531)
H. pylori history0.7700.18716.8960.0002.159(1.496~3.116)
Intestinal metaplasia1.2390.25423.8770.0003.452(2.100~5.675)
Atrophy grade0.9250.3317.8140.0052.523(1.319~4.827)
First visiting department0.6870.19911.8770.0011.988(1.345~2.939)
Coronary heart disease0.8360.2838.7290.0032.306(1.325~4.015)
Distance to hospital-0.0200.0094.8110.0280.981(0.963~0.998)
Educational level
Primary school or below
Middle school0.0330.2270.0210.8841.034(0.663~1.613)
College degree or above-1.3860.30420.8460.0000.250(0.138~0.453)
Medical background-1.2430.33513.7530.0000.289(0.150~0.557)
Residence-0.0170.1940.0070.9320.984(0.672~1.438)
Constant-6.7230.449223.9300.0000.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322954144021086281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322954137578635299, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

两组人群胃镜复查依从性Logistic分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
VariablesBSEWaldPOR(95%CI)
Disease cognition1.8370.177108.1950.0006.280(4.442~8.878)
Health awareness score0.7970.068137.7970.0002.219(1.943~2.535)
Monthly income/Yuan
<5 000
≥5 000 and <10 0000.9260.20420.6350.0002.525(1.693~3.766)
≥10 0001.4510.27927.1160.0004.268(2.472~7.370)
Symptoms0.9310.16930.4190.0002.537(1.822~3.531)
H. pylori history0.7700.18716.8960.0002.159(1.496~3.116)
Intestinal metaplasia1.2390.25423.8770.0003.452(2.100~5.675)
Atrophy grade0.9250.3317.8140.0052.523(1.319~4.827)
First visiting department0.6870.19911.8770.0011.988(1.345~2.939)
Coronary heart disease0.8360.2838.7290.0032.306(1.325~4.015)
Distance to hospital-0.0200.0094.8110.0280.981(0.963~0.998)
Educational level
Primary school or below
Middle school0.0330.2270.0210.8841.034(0.663~1.613)
College degree or above-1.3860.30420.8460.0000.250(0.138~0.453)
Medical background-1.2430.33513.7530.0000.289(0.150~0.557)
Residence-0.0170.1940.0070.9320.984(0.672~1.438)
Constant-6.7230.449223.9300.0000.001
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慢性萎缩性胃炎患者内镜随访监测依从性及其影响因素的分析
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高志 , 吴萌 , 陈磊
陆军军医大学学报 | 论著·临床医学 2025,47(24): 3120-3129
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陆军军医大学学报 |论著·临床医学 2025 , 47 (24) : 3120 -3129
慢性萎缩性胃炎患者内镜随访监测依从性及其影响因素的分析
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高志, 吴萌, 陈磊
作者信息
  • 1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院(西南医院)消化内科,重庆
通讯作者:
CHEN Lei,Email:
作者简介:

作者贡献声明

高志:实验设计、文章撰写;高志、吴萌:收集数据、统计分析、作图;陈磊:研究指导、论文审阅、经费支持。

Compliance and influencing factors for endoscopic surveillance in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis: An analysis of 1 196 cases
Zhi GAO, Meng WU, Lei CHEN
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Gastroenterology,First Affiliated Hospital(Southwest Hospital),Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
出版时间: 2025-12-30 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510014
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目的

探讨慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)患者内镜随访监测依从性现状,并分析其影响因素。

方法

回顾性收集于2022年5月1日至2022年7月31日期间就诊于陆军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科并行胃镜检查诊断为CAG的患者病例信息(n=1 196),根据患者后续近3年在本院及外院的胃镜复查情况分为依从组(n=473)和非依从组(n=723),随访收集患者的一般人口学资料,幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩分型等既往史,以及对于CAG的疾病认知、医院距离、医学背景等情况,分析内镜随访监测依从性现状,并采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析评估患者胃镜复查依从性的独立影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(Receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线及ROC下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)来反映Logistic回归模型对于患者胃镜随访监测依从性的预测效果。

结果

本研究显示,在经胃镜诊断为CAG时,尽管接诊医生告知其2~3年内需要复查胃镜,但实际上只有473(39.55%)例患者后续遵医嘱复查胃镜,723(60.45%)例患者未复查。单因素分析发现:两组在居住地、教育程度、月收入、冠心病史、症状、H.pylori感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩级别、疾病认知、健康意识评分、首次就诊科室、医院距离、医学背景上的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:有疾病认知(OR=6.280,95%CI:4.442~8.878,P<0.01)、健康意识评分(OR=2.219,95%CI:1.943~2.535,P<0.01)越高、有症状(OR=2.537,95%CI:1.822~3.531,P<0.01)、有H.pylori感染阳性史(OR=2.159,95%CI:1.496~3.116,P<0.01)、有肠化史(OR=3.452,95%CI:2.100~5.675,P<0.01)、有冠心病史(OR=2.306,95%CI:1.325~4.015,P<0.01)的人群胃镜复查依从性高,月收入5 000~10 000元(OR=2.525,95%CI:1.693~3.766,P<0.01)及10 000元以上(OR=4.268,95%CI:2.472~7.370,P<0.01)的人群依从性均高于月收入5000元以下的人群,O型萎缩(OR=2.523,95%CI:1.319~4.827,P<0.01)的人群比C型萎缩的人群依从性高,首次就诊于消化内科(OR=1.988,95%CI:1.345~2.939,P<0.01)的人群比就诊于其他科室的人群依从性高,医院距离(OR=0.981,95%CI:0.963~0.998,P<0.05)越远,依从性越差;本专科及以上教育程度(OR=0.250,95%CI:0.138~0.453,P<0.01)的人群比小学及以下教育程度人群依从性差,有医学背景(OR=0.289,95%CI:0.150~0.557,P<0.01)的人群比无医学背景的人群依从性差。

结论

CAG患者内镜随访监测依从性与其对于CAG的疾病认知、健康意识评分、月收入、症状、H.pylori感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩级别、首次就诊科室、冠心病史、医院距离、教育程度有关,临床医师可针对性制定个体化干预措施,以提升患者依从性,改善胃癌的预警效果。

慢性萎缩性胃炎  /  胃镜检查  /  依从性  /  癌前病变
Objective

To investigate the current status of compliance with endoscopic follow-up in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods

Clinical data of 1 196 patients with gastroscopy-diagnosed CAG in our department from May 1 to July 31, 2022 were retrospectively collected in this study. According to the status of gastroscopy reexamination in this hospital and other hospitals within the subsequent nearly 3 years, they were divided into a compliant group (n=473) and a non-compliant group (n=723). General demographic data of, and past medical history, including positive history of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection, intestinal metaplasia, and atrophy classification, as well as disease cognition of CAG, hospital distance, and medical background were collected during follow-up. The current status of compliance with endoscopic follow-up surveillance was analyzed. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent influencing factors for patient compliance with gastroscopy reexamination, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were adopted to determine the predictive efficiency of the logistic regression model on patient compliance with endoscopic follow-up monitoring.

Results

Despite being advised by attending physicians to undergo reexamination within 2~3 years after CAG diagnosis, only 473 (39.55%) patients complied with the follow-up recommendation, while 723 (60.45%) patients did not. Univariate analysis showed statistical differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of residence, education level, monthly income, history of coronary heart disease, symptoms, H. pylori infection history, intestinal metaplasia history, atrophy grade, disease cognition, health awareness score, initial department of visit, hospital distance, and medical background (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors associated with higher compliance included having disease cognition (OR=6.280, 95%CI: 4.442~8.878, P<0.01), higher health awareness score (OR=2.219, 95%CI: 1.943~2.535, P<0.01), presence of symptoms (OR=2.537, 95%CI: 1.822~3.531, P<0.01), history of H. pylori infection (OR=2.159, 95%CI: 1.496~3.116, P<0.01), history of intestinal metaplasia (OR=3.452, 95%CI: 2.100~5.675, P<0.01), history of coronary heart disease (OR=2.306, 95%CI: 1.325~4.015, P<0.01), monthly income of 5 000~10 000 Yuan (OR=2.525, 95%CI: 1.693~3.766, P<0.01) or ≥10 000 Yuan (OR=4.268, 95%CI: 2.472~7.370, P<0.01) (both higher than those with monthly income<5 000 Yuan), type O atrophy (OR=2.523, 95%CI: 1.319~4.827, P<0.01) (higher than type C atrophy), and initial visit to gastroenterological department (OR=1.988, 95%CI: 1.345~2.939, P<0.01) (higher than visits to other departments). Conversely, longer hospital distance was associated with lower compliance (OR=0.981, 95%CI: 0.963~0.998, P<0.05). The patients with college or higher education level (OR=0.250, 95%CI: 0.138~0.453, P<0.01) had lower compliance than those with primary school education level or below, and those with medical background had lower compliance than those without (OR=0.289, 95%CI: 0.150~0.557, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Compliance with endoscopic follow-up surveillance in CAG patients is associated with disease cognition of CAG, health awareness score, monthly income, symptoms, H. pylori infection history, intestinal metaplasia history, atrophy grade, initial department of visit, history of coronary heart disease, hospital distance, and education level. Clinicians should formulate targeted individualized interventions to improve patient compliance and early warning for gastric cancer.

atrophic gastritis  /  gastroscopy  /  compliance  /  precancerous lesion
高志, 吴萌, 陈磊. 慢性萎缩性胃炎患者内镜随访监测依从性及其影响因素的分析. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (24) : 3120 -3129 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510014
Zhi GAO, Meng WU, Lei CHEN. Compliance and influencing factors for endoscopic surveillance in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis: An analysis of 1 196 cases[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (24) : 3120 -3129 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510014
胃癌作为最常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,在全球好发恶性肿瘤中居于第五位,也是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大原因,其每年新发病例超过百万[1-2],死亡率高,早发现、早诊断、早治疗对于胃癌患者的预后效果显而易见。相关研究表明,胃早癌患者的术后五年生存率在95%以上[3]。根据Correa的级联反应学说,胃癌的发展是一个多因素参与、多步骤演变的复杂过程,普遍认为是按照“慢性浅表性胃炎→慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)→肠上皮化生→异型增生→胃癌”的顺序发生,因此通常将胃癌形成前的病理变化过程称之为胃癌的癌前状态[4]。作为胃癌发生发展的一个重要阶段,CAG是一种常见的癌前病变,也是导致胃癌发生的重要危险因素,因此定期复查胃镜、做好胃镜随访监测对于及时干预、提高胃癌术后五年生存率有着重要意义[5]。
CAG患者无典型症状,相当一部分患者甚至无症状,因此隐蔽性强,发病率高[6],且与胃癌的发生密切相关,既往研究发现CAG的10年累计癌变率为0.7%~16.0%[7],这为CAG患者的筛查与定期内镜随访提供了依据。目前木村-竹本分型作为一种简便的内镜下判断胃黏膜萎缩的方法,创伤小,经济性好,与组织学萎缩具有良好的一致性,因而被国内外学者广泛采用作为萎缩性胃炎诊断和随访的依据[8]。东亚作为胃癌的高发地区,日本和韩国较早制定了全国性的胃癌筛查计划,因此在防范胃癌方面取得了较好的成绩[9],但我国属于发展中国家,人口基数庞大,医疗系统面临着较大压力,暂未实施类似于日本或者韩国的胃癌筛查财政补贴政策,因此患者在未确定有无CAG等癌前病变的情况下,一般不会主动进行胃镜检查以筛查胃癌,故而采用“对于初次胃镜检查使用木村-竹本分型判断是否存在CAG及分型、后续针对存在CAG的目标人群的内镜监测随访”的诊疗模式对于预防胃癌、降低发病率、死亡率具有相当的可行性,更符合我国现状。目前国内外已有关于CAG患者的内镜监测的研究,发现3年的监测间隔对于胃癌的筛查具有经济成本效益[10],但关于内镜随访监测依从性的研究较少,因此为了解CAG患者胃镜复查依从性现状,并分析其影响因素,从而为提高内镜随访监测依从性、及时发现胃癌提供依据,本研究回顾性收集2022年5月1日至2022年7月31日期间就诊于陆军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科经胃镜诊断为CAG的患者信息(n=1 196),根据患者后续近3年在本院及外院的胃镜复查情况分为依从组(n=473)和非依从组(n=723),随访收集患者的性别、年龄、民族、婚姻、居住地、教育程度、月收入等一般人口学资料,烟酒史等生活饮食习惯,症状、幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H. pylori)感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩分型、冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、肾脏病等既往病史,以及对于CAG的疾病认知、健康意识评分、首次就诊科室、医院距离、医学背景等情况,分析内镜随访监测依从性现状,并采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析评估患者胃镜复查依从性的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线及ROC下面积(area under the curve,AUC)来反映Logistic回归模型对于患者胃镜随访监测依从性的预测效果,以期指导胃癌预防实践。
研究对象为2022年5月1日至2022年7月31日期间在陆军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科经胃镜检查诊断为CAG的患者(n=1 196)。回顾性收集其在本院的胃镜检查资料等就诊信息,对于未在本院复查胃镜的,回访其在外院复查胃镜情况,根据纳排标准确定最终研究对象。纳入标准为:①依据木村-竹本分型内镜下诊断为CAG的患者;②愿意配合随访;③意思表达清楚。排除标准:①有肝硬化门静脉高压、食管胃底静脉曲张套扎治疗史;②有食管、胃、十二指肠等上消化道肿瘤行内镜下黏膜切除术(Endoscopic mucosal resection,EMR)、内镜下黏膜剥离术(Endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)等内镜下治疗史的;③上消化道内镜怀疑早癌不能排除的;④确诊为进展期癌症的;⑤Barrett食管;⑥难以联系无法完成随访的。本研究于2025年2月13日获得陆军军医大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准[批件号:(A)KY2025029]。
根据本院胃镜检查记录,对于未在本院复查胃镜的,追踪其在外院胃镜检查情况,结合电话回访,收集患者性别、年龄、民族、婚姻、居住地、教育程度、月收入等一般人口学资料,烟酒史等生活饮食习惯,症状、H. pylori感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩分型、冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、肾脏病等既往病史,以及对于CAG的疾病认知、健康意识评分、首次就诊科室、医院距离、医学背景等信息。观察患者上述因素在组间占比差异。
根据住院系统及胃镜系统收集患者信息,对于无法查到的信息,电话询问患者。本研究根据木村-竹本分型[11]将CAG分为C型和O型,其中C型包括C1、C2、C3,O型包括O1、O2、O3。若患者知晓CAG属于胃癌的癌前疾病并需要定期复查,则视为对CAG有疾病认知。H.pylori感染阳性史的判断时间范围为患者第一次胃镜检查前半年至检查后2年,如果检查碳13呼气试验(13C)或碳14呼气试验(14C)阳性即判断为有H.pylori感染阳性史。肠化的判断依据第一次胃镜检查时的发现。根据第一次胃镜检查时就诊科室不同分为消化内科及其他科室。若出现腹痛、腹胀、早饱、恶心、嗳气等不适,则视为有症状。健康意识评分定义为0~10分,0分表示对健康完全不关注,对自身疾病无任何诊疗意愿,10分表示对健康关注程度最高,对自身任何疾病、无论严重程度高低诊疗意愿均强烈。医院距离为患者住址到最近的胃镜医院的距离(km),无论患者是否在该院进行了第二次胃镜复查。如果患者本人或者其关系密切者从事医师职业,则认为有医学背景。
依据患者后续近3年在本院及外院的胃镜复查情况分为依从组(n=473)和非依从组(n=723),观察两组间在收集的资料因素间的差异并分析。
应用SPSS 26.0统计学软件进行数据分析。不符合正态分布的计量资料以M(P25,P75)表示,组间差异采用Mann-Whitney U检验,计数资料用例(%)表示,组间比较采用卡方检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。单因素分析找出具有统计学差异的因素,再使用二元Logistic回归分析与胃镜复查依从性相关的独立危险因素,绘制受试者工作特征(Receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线反映模型效果,并计算曲线下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)、约登指数、敏感度、特异度等,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
本研究胃镜复查依从组(n=473,39.55%)与非依从者(n=723,60.45%)人群在性别、年龄、民族和婚姻状况这四项基本特征构成上的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);在居住地、教育程度、月收入的构成比上存在统计学意义上的差异(P<0.05),见表1。
两组间的吸烟史、饮酒史、辛辣刺激食物史无明显统计学差异(P>0.05);在高血压、糖尿病、肾脏病及其他疾病的构成比上,无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组间的冠心病史、症状、肠化史、H.pylori感染阳性史、O型萎缩、疾病认知、首次就诊科室、医学背景占比均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。两组间的健康意识评分、医院距离分布均存在统计学差异(P<0.05),见表2。
以遵医嘱复查胃镜作为因变量(复查=1,未复查=0),将单因素分析中发现的具有统计学意义上的差异因素纳入二元Logistic回归分析,结果发现:有疾病认知(OR=6.280,95%CI:4.442~8.878,P<0.01)、健康意识评分(OR=2.219,95%CI:1.943~2.535,P<0.01)越高、月收入5 000~10 000元(OR=2.525,95%CI:1.693~3.766,P<0.01)、月收入10000元以上(OR=4.268,95%CI:2.472~7.370,P<0.01)、有症状(OR=2.537,95%CI:1.822~3.531,P<0.01)、有H.pylori感染阳性史(OR=2.159,95%CI:1.496~3.116,P<0.01)、有肠化史(OR=3.452,95%CI:2.100~5.675,P<0.01)、O型萎缩(OR=2.523,95%CI:1.319~4.827,P<0.01)、首次就诊于消化内科(OR=1.988,95%CI:1.345~2.939,P<0.01)、有冠心病史(OR=2.306,95%CI:1.325~4.015,P<0.01)是患者胃镜复查依从性的保护因素。而医院距离(OR=0.981,95%CI:0.963~0.998,P<0.05)越远、有本专科及以上的教育程度(OR=0.250,95%CI:0.138~0.453,P<0.01)、有医学背景(OR=0.289,95%CI:0.150~0.557,P<0.01)是患者胃镜复查的危险因素,见表3。
由此得出回归方程:
Logit(P)=-6.723+0.033X教育程度(中学及中专)-1.386X教育程度(本专科及以上)-1.243X医学背景+0.926X月收入(5 000~10 000) +1.451X月收入(≥10 000) +0.797X健康意识评分+1.837X疾病认知+0.931X症状+0.770XH.pylori感染阳性史+1.239X肠化史+0.925X菱缩级别+0.687X首次就诊科室-0.020X医院距离+0.836 X冠心病
使用多因素Logistic回归模型构建CAG患者胃镜复查的预测模型。预测模型效果:ROC曲线显示,最大约登指数为0.599,该预测模型的敏感度为0.818,特异度为0.781,临界值(cutoff)为0.382,AUC为0.882(95%CI:0.863~0.901,P=0.000),该模型具有较好的预测能力,见图1。
作为胃癌发展的重要阶段,CAG是一种明确的癌前病变,随着经济的发展、人们健康意识的提升及胃镜检查的普及,近年来内镜下CAG的检出率不断升高[12],目前我国胃癌发病率居高不下,给医疗系统带来了较大的压力。但是,胃癌是一种可预防的疾病[13],作为胃癌高发国家之一,日本和韩国胃癌全民筛查监测的开展,明显降低了胃癌的死亡率。我国人口规模庞大,人民群众对医疗服务的需求快速增长,对医疗系统的供给能力构成了挑战。针对CAG的定期胃镜复查,对于胃癌的早诊断早治疗、改善预后具有重要意义。但目前关于CAG的胃镜复查间隔,各主要国家或地区意见不一,欧美等胃癌低发病率国家对于CAG监测、胃癌筛查并未积极推荐,倾向于延长监测间隔,主要针对严重萎缩、肠化进行胃镜监测;而日本及韩国等胃癌高发病率国家推荐胃癌内镜筛查间隔为2年[14],本研究根据《中国慢性胃炎诊治指南(2022年,上海)》[15]关于CAG监测间隔的推荐意见,结合LAHNER等[16]的研究结论,以胃镜诊断为CAG后3年内有无复查胃镜为分界线,评估患者复查依从性。目前针对CAG胃镜复查依从性影响因素的研究较少,现有的研究提示关于CAG胃镜复查的依从性普遍偏低[17-18],本研究提示CAG的复查率为39.55%,略高于HUANG等[18]的研究,考虑原因是该研究针对的是整体人群,而本研究针对的目标人群是已经被诊断为CAG的患者,但依从性仍不理想,胃癌的预防任务仍然面临较大压力,因此,探索影响CAG患者胃镜复查依从性的影响因素十分必要和迫切。既往研究表明,CAG的癌变率为每人每年0.53%[19],太短的监测间隔对于发现癌变率无差异[20],且增加了费用负担和医源性侵入损伤的风险,太长的监测间隔导致晚期胃癌风险增加[19],失去了胃早癌的预警意义,而3年的监测间隔,具有独特的经济成本效益。
对于CAG的疾病认知是依从性最强促进因素,对胃癌预防的认知不足,是影响依从性的重大原因[21],认识到CAG与胃癌的联系,有助于患者积极遵医嘱复查。对于疾病诊断,无论是否属于CAG,患者对健康的关注程度越高,则诊疗行为越频繁,即健康意识评分越高,胃镜复查依从性越强。
新加坡的一项基于社区的研究表明:低收入影响患者对于健康筛查的参与率,我国暂未实行全国性的胃镜筛查补贴政策,这在一定程度上影响了患者胃镜复查的依从性,而月收入越高、经济条件越好、健康意识越强[22],越可能积极复查胃镜。另外,症状造成的不适感是驱动患者复查的直接动力,考虑这与对CAG认知及健康意识评分无直接关联。H.pylori感染阳性史、肠化史、萎缩程度是胃癌的独立危险因素[13,23],中重度萎缩及肠化发生胃癌的风险更高,这些因素导致病情更严重,更容易出现不适症状,接诊医生也更加谨慎提醒随访,同时,当患者知晓自己面临更高胃癌患病风险的事实后,其对胃镜复查的参与意愿也通常会提高[24]。
首次胃镜诊断为CAG时就诊于消化内科的患者有更高的依从性,主要是因为CAG属于消化系统疾病,消化内科医生对其危害有更好的认识与掌握,在向患者介绍CAG及其内镜随访监测的必要性时往往更专业、更具权威性与可信性,患者对其信任度更高,依从性越好。
冠心病患者一般需要长期服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷等抗血小板药,这些药物对胃黏膜有一定损伤,存在胃黏膜出血风险,因此对于此类患者,一般尽量慎重进行胃镜等侵入性操作[25]。但本研究发现冠心病患者胃镜复查依从性反而升高,考虑到原因是患者长期服用抗血小板药物,容易造成胃黏膜损伤,从引起腹痛等不适症状,且相当一部分冠心病患者存在腹部症状,迫使患者就诊以求缓解不适,接诊的心内科医生往往为排除腹部疾病也会安排患者进行胃镜检查。
在本研究的多因素分析中,一些在临床实践中相关的变量被证实为依从性的独立影响因素。代表疾病严重程度的萎缩级别、肠化史和H.pylori感染阳性史,虽然在CAG进展中相互关联,但在Logistic回归模型中均显示出独立的预测价值。这表明患者对“可干预的风险因素”(如H.pylori感染)与“不易可逆的病理标志”(如肠化、O型萎缩)均会做出反应,且反应强度不同,这为针对不同临床特征的患者进行个体化健康教育提供了依据。同样,首次就诊于消化内科和患者自身具备疾病认知,分别从医疗引导和患者接受两个层面独立地促进了依从性,提示在临床工作中既要强化专科医生的宣教职责,也要注重提升患者自身的健康素养。
患者住址距离胃镜医院越远,依从性越差,尤其是对于偏远山区,距离区县医院更远,交通不发达,这与KOTWAL等[26]的研究类似。但居住在农村或者城镇,对依从性无明显影响,考虑影响患者复查决策的,不是“农村居民”或“城镇居民”身份,而是其切实拥有的“经济资源”和面临的“地理障碍”,当Logistic分析时控制住收入、距离等变量后,居住地所代表的差异也就被消除了。
另外,在教育程度上,与小学及以下的学历相比,两组间中学及中专学历对依从性无明显影响,本专科及更高学历的患者的依从性却越低,有医学背景的人依从性越低。上海市的一项社区基础结直肠癌筛查项目的研究结果报道了类似的教育程度与肠镜筛查呈负相关性的情况[27],考虑较低教育程度的患者更依赖于医生的权威建议,医嘱依从性高,而中高教育水平患者可能具备部分健康知识但又不完全,认为自己对病情了解、病情不重,主观上存在疏忽,且教育层次越高的人往往工作繁忙,难以找到合适的时间安心检查。有医学背景的人,往往对重大疾病比较关心,认为CAG的癌变率不高,演变过程缓慢,平时甚至无症状,最终未能遵医嘱复查胃镜。本研究提示并非更高学历或者医学背景知识本身导致依从性降低,而是由于高学历或者医学背景所伴随的特定的心理状态和行为倾向所致。
作为一项回顾性研究,本研究存在一定局限性:①样本量相对偏少,且仅为单中心的样本,对于全国各个地区、各个级别医院的情况缺乏广泛的代表性;②时间跨度相对偏短,对于整年的情况代表性相对不足,本研究中的所有患者首次胃镜时间恰逢夏季,此季节人们食用生冷、辛辣、烧烤、啤酒等刺激性食物概率高,原本的胃黏膜萎缩可能在夏季加重成更高级别的萎缩;另外,像学生和教师等某些特定群体在暑假有更多的空闲时间,这类人群可能更倾向于夏季行胃镜检查,学生等年轻人群的胃黏膜萎缩级别一般偏低;③本研究在回访时,患者难免存在回忆偏倚,电话回访收集数据与面对面访谈相比,无法通过非言语行为来辅助判断回答的真实性和深入追问。未来要开展多地区、多中心及多级别医院的前瞻性研究,延长时间跨度至一年,以增强样本代表性,在患者就诊时及时收集信息,以保证数据收集的准确性和真实性,进一步验证本研究提出的预测模型。
综上所述:有疾病认知、健康意识评分越高、月收入越高、有症状、有H.pylori感染阳性史、有肠化史[28]、萎缩级别越高、首次就诊于消化内科、有冠心病史是CAG患者胃镜复查依从性的促进因素,医院距离是危险因素。建议接诊医师做好CAG的健康教育,有针对性地给予内镜随访监测建议,尤其是对于具有医学背景及较高学历患者,更要帮助其树立正确认知,从而提高患者的复查依从性,进而促进胃癌的预防。

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2025年第47卷第24期
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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510014
  • 接收时间:2025-10-11
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-12-30
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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-11
  • 修回日期:2025-12-06
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    1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院(西南医院)消化内科,重庆

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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