Article(id=1322218678217716717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322218660677140862, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502082, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740499200000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-26, revisedDate=1743609600000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793171098522, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1748534400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793171098522, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793171098522, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793171098522, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322218660677140862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='10', pageStart='1029', pageEnd='1144', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748534400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793171094339, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793325331065, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322865576456868294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322218660677140862, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322865576456868295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322218660677140862, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1049, endPage=1058, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322218678452597742, articleId=1322218678217716717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Protective role of self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mouse model of bronchiectasis with acute infection, columnId=1320434418116837551, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Basic Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To establish a mouse model of bronchiectasis with acute infection and evaluate the immunogenicity and protective effect of a self-assembling Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) nanoparticle vaccine rePO-FN based on fusion of PcrV-OprI (rePO) protein with self-assembling ferritin (Ferritin).

Methods‍

①SPF-grade female C57BL/6 mice (aged 6~8 weeks, weighing 18~20 g) were randomly allocated into normal saline group, and low-, medium- and high-dose elastase groups (n=6). A mouse model of bronchiectasis was established via intratracheal instillation of different doses of elastase (30 μL of normal saline containing 0.65, 1.30 and 2.60 IU elastase) for 3 consecutive days. At 14 and 21 d after modeling, ELISA and HE staining were performed respectively to detect the concentration of IL-6 and to observe pathological changes in lung tissue in order to confirm the modeling. ②A recombinant plasmid encoding the gene of fusion protein rePO-FN was constructed and expressed in E. coli. The target protein was purified via affinity chromatography and renatured to obtain the desired protein. The physicochemical properties of the rePO-FN protein were characterized using SDS-PAGE protein gel electrophoresis, dynamic light scattering, molecular sieve chromatography, and transmission electron microscopy. ③ C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into PBS group, rePO group, rePO-FN group, and Ferritin group (n=10). The mice in the above groups were immunized intramuscularly with 100 μL PBS buffer alone or containing 10 μg of corresponding proteins on days 0, 7, and 14. ELISA was used to measure the specific antibodies in serum. In 7 d after the final immunization, an acute PA infection model was used to compare the survival rates and bacterial colonization among the PBS, rePO, and rePO-FN groups. After establishing a bronchiectasis model by intratracheal instillation of 2.60 IU of elastase in C57BL/6J mice as described above, the mice were randomly divided into bronchiectasis PBS group, bronchiectasis rePO group, and bronchiectasis rePO-FN group (n=10). Immunization was conducted at the same dose and procedure as described above, in 21 d after bronchiectasis modeling. At the 7th d after the final immunization, an acute PA infection model was used to compare the survival rates and bacterial colonization among the groups.

Results‍

①Repeated intratracheal instillation of elastase significantly increased the concentration of IL-6 in the lung tissue when compared to the content of the normal saline group (P<0.05). Pathological observations revealed varying degrees of bronchial wall destruction, alveolar fusion, edema, neutrophil infiltration, and hemorrhage, with the severity increasing with elastase dose, which confirming successful establishment of the mouse model of bronchiectasis. ② Well-dispersed rePO-FN nanoparticles were successfully prepared, with an average particle size of 91.28 nm, a Zeta potential of approximately -6.5 mV, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.306. Molecular sieve chromatography determined the elution volume of rePO-FN protein to be 8.80 mL, corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 1 400 kDa. ③Under acute PA XN-1 strain infection, the survival rate of the rePO-FN immunization group and the bronchiectasis rePO-FN immunization group were significantly higher than that of the PBS control group (P<0.05). Additionally, bacterial colonization in the lung tissues was significantly lower in the rePO-FN immune group and the bronchiectasis rePO-FN immune group under acute PA XN-1 strain infection than that in the rePO group and the bronchiectasis rePO group (P<0.05).

Conclusion‍

Our vaccine rePO-FN can effectively trigger a strong humoral immune response and provide significant protection against PA infection in a mouse bronchiectasis model.

, authors=Ziyu WU1, 2, Yueyue ZHANG3, Yiwen ZHANG2, Jinqiong YAN2, Zifan ZHU2, Meilin WU2, Yating WANG2, Hongrong CUI1, Jiang GU2, Ying WANG2, Quanming ZOU2, authorsList=Ziyu WU, Yueyue ZHANG, Yiwen ZHANG, Jinqiong YAN, Zifan ZHU, Meilin WU, Yating WANG, Hongrong CUI, Jiang GU, Ying WANG, Quanming ZOU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ying WANG, Quanming ZOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322218681145340921, articleId=1322218678217716717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=自组装铜绿假单胞菌纳米疫苗在支气管扩张伴急性感染小鼠模型中的保护作用研究, columnId=1322185528879993170, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=基础医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

构建小鼠支气管扩张(简称支扩)伴急性感染模型,评价自组装铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)纳米颗粒疫苗rePO-FN的免疫原性及保护效果。

方法

①将6~8周龄SPF级C57BL/6雌性小鼠(体质量为18~20 g)按随机数字表法分为(n=6):生理盐水组、弹性蛋白酶低剂量组、弹性蛋白酶中剂量组和弹性蛋白酶高剂量组。采用气管内连续3 d滴注不同剂量弹性蛋白酶的方法构建小鼠支扩模型,生理盐水组气管内滴注30 μL生理盐水,弹性蛋白酶低剂量组、弹性蛋白酶中剂量组和弹性蛋白酶高剂量组分别滴注30 μL含有0.65、1.30及2.60 U弹性蛋白酶的生理盐水溶液。通过ELISA实验比较支扩造模第14、21天小鼠肺部IL-6浓度及肺部病理组织改变情况,判断是否造模成功。②构建携载编码rePO-FN蛋白基因的重组质粒,并用大肠杆菌进行表达。采用亲和层析纯化后对目标蛋白进行复性,从而得到目的蛋白。通过SDS-PAGE蛋白凝胶电泳实验、动态光散射实验、分子筛层析及透射电镜等方法对rePO-FN蛋白的理化性质进行分析。③将C57BL/6J小鼠按随机数字表法分为(n=10):PBS组、rePO组、rePO-FN组和Ferritin组。rePO-FN、rePO、Ferritin组分别免疫100 μL含有10 μg rePO-FN、rePO或Ferritin蛋白的PBS缓冲液,PBS组免疫100 μL PBS缓冲液。分别于第0、7、14天肌肉注射免疫,用ELISA法检测血清中特异性抗体。末次免疫7天后使用PA急性感染模型,比较PBS组、rePO组和rePO-FN组生存率和细菌定植差异。将C57BL/6J小鼠滴注2.60 U弹性蛋白酶构建支气管扩张模型后,按随机数字表法分为(n=10):支扩PBS组、支扩rePO组和支扩rePO-FN组,于支扩造模21天后进行免疫。末次免疫7天后使用PA急性感染模型,比较各组之间生存率和细菌定植差异。

结果

①与生理盐水组相比,气管内滴注反复弹性蛋白酶可引起小鼠肺组织IL-6浓度升高(P<0.05),且可见不同程度的支气管壁结构破坏、肺泡融合、水肿、中性粒细胞浸润、出血的变化,且随剂量增加严重程度增加,表明成功构建小鼠支扩模型。②成功制备分散性良好的纳米颗粒rePO-FN,平均粒径为91.28 nm,其Zeta电位约为-6.5 mV,粒径分布指数为0.306。分子筛层析测定rePO-FN蛋白的出峰体积为8.80 mL,计算得出rePO-FN颗粒的分子量约为1 400 kDa。③rePO-FN组和支扩rePO-FN组免疫后在PA XN-1菌株急性感染下的生存率显著高于PBS对照组(P<0.05),肺组织细菌定植量分别低于rePO组及支扩rePO组免疫后(P<0.05)。

结论

rePO-FN免疫能高效诱导高效的小鼠体液免疫应答,并且在支扩小鼠中有显著保护效果。

, authors=吴梓瑜1, 2, 张月月3, 张译文2, 闫金琼2, 朱自凡2, 伍美霖2, 王亚婷2, 崔红荣1, 顾江2, 王颖2, 邹全明2, authorsList=吴梓瑜, 张月月, 张译文, 闫金琼, 朱自凡, 伍美霖, 王亚婷, 崔红荣, 顾江, 王颖, 邹全明, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王颖, 邹全明, authorNote=

同等贡献者

WU Ziyu and ZHANG Yueyue Contributed equally to the article.

, correspAuthorsNote=
邹全明,E-mail:
王颖,E-mail:
ZOU Quanming,E-mail:
WANG Ying,E-mail:
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Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322218681682210817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, companyId=1322218681665434624, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3重庆原伦生物科技有限公司,重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322218686929285186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=oqyjfBJ/SJfFVwtv7beueA==, figureFileBig=0fsa2OXvTzfKZ7RvQSHeHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687013171267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=CN, label=图1, caption=支气管扩张模型的建立

A:支气管扩张模型造模流程图;B:支气管扩张模型造模第14、21天各组小鼠肺组织中IL-6浓度检测(n=3,x¯±s);C:支气管扩张模型造模第14、21天各组小鼠肺组织病理切片图

, figureFileSmall=oqyjfBJ/SJfFVwtv7beueA==, figureFileBig=0fsa2OXvTzfKZ7RvQSHeHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687201914948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=ssNpydmVI3yUJEzlbUTqBQ==, figureFileBig=6QiPBd88neJA6n/tYLrvqQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687277412421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=CN, label=图2, caption=rePO-FN蛋白的表征

A:SDS-PAGE结果 M:标准 1:rePO-FN;B:rePO-FN蛋白的动态光散射检测结果;C:rePO-FN蛋白的分子筛层析检测结果;D:rePO-FN蛋白的透射电镜结果

, figureFileSmall=ssNpydmVI3yUJEzlbUTqBQ==, figureFileBig=6QiPBd88neJA6n/tYLrvqQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687348715590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=jn6ec/uRPL6VdlPB2eqs0w==, figureFileBig=JZMAzZf1D+uVkVaJpgr7GA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687420018759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=CN, label=图3, caption=rePO-FN蛋白的免疫原性及保护效果评价 (n=5,x¯±s)

A:第7、14、21天血清中抗rePO抗体水平检测结果;B:PA XN-1菌株急性感染小鼠后肺部细菌定植量;C:PA XN-1菌株急性感染小鼠后生存曲线

, figureFileSmall=jn6ec/uRPL6VdlPB2eqs0w==, figureFileBig=JZMAzZf1D+uVkVaJpgr7GA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687503904840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=/VC3dl5Y3yO1n/JzWETyEg==, figureFileBig=QJcsUo0UMl4FSVF1S1Rk6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687562625097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=CN, label=图4, caption=rePO-FN蛋白在小鼠支气管扩张模型中的保护效果评价 (n=5,x¯±s)

A:PA XN-1菌株急性感染支扩小鼠后肺部细菌定植量;B:PA XN-1菌株急性感染支扩小鼠后生存曲线

, figureFileSmall=/VC3dl5Y3yO1n/JzWETyEg==, figureFileBig=QJcsUo0UMl4FSVF1S1Rk6A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687638122570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=292gL4qvVGMysUGPr9mXpg==, figureFileBig=5Y16ZRGxDHQICdZbqsc+wQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218687738785867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218678217716717, language=CN, label=图5, caption=rePO-FN的体内外生物安全性评价

A:不同浓度rePO-FN蛋白的细胞毒性实验结果(n=3,x¯±s); B:不同浓度rePO-FN蛋白的细胞溶血实验结果(n=3,x¯±s);C:心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏和肾脏病理组织HE染色切片镜下观察图

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自组装铜绿假单胞菌纳米疫苗在支气管扩张伴急性感染小鼠模型中的保护作用研究
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吴梓瑜 1, 2 , 张月月 3 , 张译文 2 , 闫金琼 2 , 朱自凡 2 , 伍美霖 2 , 王亚婷 2 , 崔红荣 1 , 顾江 2 , 王颖 2 , 邹全明 2
陆军军医大学学报 | 基础医学 2025,47(10): 1049-1058
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陆军军医大学学报 |基础医学 2025 , 47 (10) : 1049 -1058
自组装铜绿假单胞菌纳米疫苗在支气管扩张伴急性感染小鼠模型中的保护作用研究
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吴梓瑜1, 2, 张月月3, 张译文2, 闫金琼2, 朱自凡2, 伍美霖2, 王亚婷2, 崔红荣1, 顾江2, 王颖2 , 邹全明2
作者信息
  • 1大理大学药学院,云南 大理
  • 2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)药学与检验医学系国家免疫生物制品工程技术研究中心,重庆
  • 3重庆原伦生物科技有限公司,重庆
通讯作者:
邹全明,E-mail:
王颖,E-mail:
ZOU Quanming,E-mail:
WANG Ying,E-mail:
作者简介:

同等贡献者

WU Ziyu and ZHANG Yueyue Contributed equally to the article.

Protective role of self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mouse model of bronchiectasis with acute infection
Ziyu WU1, 2, Yueyue ZHANG3, Yiwen ZHANG2, Jinqiong YAN2, Zifan ZHU2, Meilin WU2, Yating WANG2, Hongrong CUI1, Jiang GU2, Ying WANG2 , Quanming ZOU2
Affiliations
  • 1College of Pharmacy,Dali University,Dali,Yunnan
  • 2National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products,Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing
  • 3Chongqing Yuanlun Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Chongqing,China
出版时间: 2025-05-30 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502082
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目的

构建小鼠支气管扩张(简称支扩)伴急性感染模型,评价自组装铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)纳米颗粒疫苗rePO-FN的免疫原性及保护效果。

方法

①将6~8周龄SPF级C57BL/6雌性小鼠(体质量为18~20 g)按随机数字表法分为(n=6):生理盐水组、弹性蛋白酶低剂量组、弹性蛋白酶中剂量组和弹性蛋白酶高剂量组。采用气管内连续3 d滴注不同剂量弹性蛋白酶的方法构建小鼠支扩模型,生理盐水组气管内滴注30 μL生理盐水,弹性蛋白酶低剂量组、弹性蛋白酶中剂量组和弹性蛋白酶高剂量组分别滴注30 μL含有0.65、1.30及2.60 U弹性蛋白酶的生理盐水溶液。通过ELISA实验比较支扩造模第14、21天小鼠肺部IL-6浓度及肺部病理组织改变情况,判断是否造模成功。②构建携载编码rePO-FN蛋白基因的重组质粒,并用大肠杆菌进行表达。采用亲和层析纯化后对目标蛋白进行复性,从而得到目的蛋白。通过SDS-PAGE蛋白凝胶电泳实验、动态光散射实验、分子筛层析及透射电镜等方法对rePO-FN蛋白的理化性质进行分析。③将C57BL/6J小鼠按随机数字表法分为(n=10):PBS组、rePO组、rePO-FN组和Ferritin组。rePO-FN、rePO、Ferritin组分别免疫100 μL含有10 μg rePO-FN、rePO或Ferritin蛋白的PBS缓冲液,PBS组免疫100 μL PBS缓冲液。分别于第0、7、14天肌肉注射免疫,用ELISA法检测血清中特异性抗体。末次免疫7天后使用PA急性感染模型,比较PBS组、rePO组和rePO-FN组生存率和细菌定植差异。将C57BL/6J小鼠滴注2.60 U弹性蛋白酶构建支气管扩张模型后,按随机数字表法分为(n=10):支扩PBS组、支扩rePO组和支扩rePO-FN组,于支扩造模21天后进行免疫。末次免疫7天后使用PA急性感染模型,比较各组之间生存率和细菌定植差异。

结果

①与生理盐水组相比,气管内滴注反复弹性蛋白酶可引起小鼠肺组织IL-6浓度升高(P<0.05),且可见不同程度的支气管壁结构破坏、肺泡融合、水肿、中性粒细胞浸润、出血的变化,且随剂量增加严重程度增加,表明成功构建小鼠支扩模型。②成功制备分散性良好的纳米颗粒rePO-FN,平均粒径为91.28 nm,其Zeta电位约为-6.5 mV,粒径分布指数为0.306。分子筛层析测定rePO-FN蛋白的出峰体积为8.80 mL,计算得出rePO-FN颗粒的分子量约为1 400 kDa。③rePO-FN组和支扩rePO-FN组免疫后在PA XN-1菌株急性感染下的生存率显著高于PBS对照组(P<0.05),肺组织细菌定植量分别低于rePO组及支扩rePO组免疫后(P<0.05)。

结论

rePO-FN免疫能高效诱导高效的小鼠体液免疫应答,并且在支扩小鼠中有显著保护效果。

铜绿假单胞菌  /  支气管扩张  /  rePO-FN  /  免疫保护
Objective

To establish a mouse model of bronchiectasis with acute infection and evaluate the immunogenicity and protective effect of a self-assembling Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) nanoparticle vaccine rePO-FN based on fusion of PcrV-OprI (rePO) protein with self-assembling ferritin (Ferritin).

Methods‍

①SPF-grade female C57BL/6 mice (aged 6~8 weeks, weighing 18~20 g) were randomly allocated into normal saline group, and low-, medium- and high-dose elastase groups (n=6). A mouse model of bronchiectasis was established via intratracheal instillation of different doses of elastase (30 μL of normal saline containing 0.65, 1.30 and 2.60 IU elastase) for 3 consecutive days. At 14 and 21 d after modeling, ELISA and HE staining were performed respectively to detect the concentration of IL-6 and to observe pathological changes in lung tissue in order to confirm the modeling. ②A recombinant plasmid encoding the gene of fusion protein rePO-FN was constructed and expressed in E. coli. The target protein was purified via affinity chromatography and renatured to obtain the desired protein. The physicochemical properties of the rePO-FN protein were characterized using SDS-PAGE protein gel electrophoresis, dynamic light scattering, molecular sieve chromatography, and transmission electron microscopy. ③ C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into PBS group, rePO group, rePO-FN group, and Ferritin group (n=10). The mice in the above groups were immunized intramuscularly with 100 μL PBS buffer alone or containing 10 μg of corresponding proteins on days 0, 7, and 14. ELISA was used to measure the specific antibodies in serum. In 7 d after the final immunization, an acute PA infection model was used to compare the survival rates and bacterial colonization among the PBS, rePO, and rePO-FN groups. After establishing a bronchiectasis model by intratracheal instillation of 2.60 IU of elastase in C57BL/6J mice as described above, the mice were randomly divided into bronchiectasis PBS group, bronchiectasis rePO group, and bronchiectasis rePO-FN group (n=10). Immunization was conducted at the same dose and procedure as described above, in 21 d after bronchiectasis modeling. At the 7th d after the final immunization, an acute PA infection model was used to compare the survival rates and bacterial colonization among the groups.

Results‍

①Repeated intratracheal instillation of elastase significantly increased the concentration of IL-6 in the lung tissue when compared to the content of the normal saline group (P<0.05). Pathological observations revealed varying degrees of bronchial wall destruction, alveolar fusion, edema, neutrophil infiltration, and hemorrhage, with the severity increasing with elastase dose, which confirming successful establishment of the mouse model of bronchiectasis. ② Well-dispersed rePO-FN nanoparticles were successfully prepared, with an average particle size of 91.28 nm, a Zeta potential of approximately -6.5 mV, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.306. Molecular sieve chromatography determined the elution volume of rePO-FN protein to be 8.80 mL, corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 1 400 kDa. ③Under acute PA XN-1 strain infection, the survival rate of the rePO-FN immunization group and the bronchiectasis rePO-FN immunization group were significantly higher than that of the PBS control group (P<0.05). Additionally, bacterial colonization in the lung tissues was significantly lower in the rePO-FN immune group and the bronchiectasis rePO-FN immune group under acute PA XN-1 strain infection than that in the rePO group and the bronchiectasis rePO group (P<0.05).

Conclusion‍

Our vaccine rePO-FN can effectively trigger a strong humoral immune response and provide significant protection against PA infection in a mouse bronchiectasis model.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa  /  bronchiectasis  /  rePO-FN  /  immunoprotection
吴梓瑜, 张月月, 张译文, 闫金琼, 朱自凡, 伍美霖, 王亚婷, 崔红荣, 顾江, 王颖, 邹全明. 自组装铜绿假单胞菌纳米疫苗在支气管扩张伴急性感染小鼠模型中的保护作用研究. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (10) : 1049 -1058 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502082
Ziyu WU, Yueyue ZHANG, Yiwen ZHANG, Jinqiong YAN, Zifan ZHU, Meilin WU, Yating WANG, Hongrong CUI, Jiang GU, Ying WANG, Quanming ZOU. Protective role of self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mouse model of bronchiectasis with acute infection[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (10) : 1049 -1058 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502082
支气管扩张(简称支扩)是一种以肺结构破坏为特征的慢性损伤性疾病,其病理特征可表现为不可逆的支气管扩张和反复发生的化脓性感染[1]。有研究报道,欧洲支扩发病率近10年显著增加了40%,每10万人中就有52~1 000人的支扩患者[2]。我国支扩患者相较欧洲各国的患者,支气管扩张严重指数(Bronchiectasis Severity Index,BSI)评分为重度支扩的患者比例更大,疾病严重程度总体上更高[3]。感染是支扩急性加重、加速病程进展的重要原因,其中铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)是支扩中度、重度患者痰液中最常分离到的致病菌[4]。支扩合并PA感染的特点为反复感染、慢性定植,目前主要的治疗方式为长期的抗生素使用。因此,支扩患者中分离的PA菌株的抗生素耐药率高于平均耐药率[5],然而,抗生素的治疗效果并不理想,因此迫切需要研发新的预防及治疗药物和手段。
接种疫苗是预防PA感染、流行的有效方式与重要策略,然而迄今为止还没有针对PA的疫苗上市[6]。抗原是疫苗的核心组份,PcrV是PA三型分泌系统(T3SS)关键组分之一[7],参与细菌毒素分泌与转运的过程,并且在不同分离株中有较高的保守性[8],是PA免疫设计的关键靶点之一[9]。OprI作为PA的外膜脂蛋白之一,可以通过激活Toll 2和Toll 4受体(toll-like receptor,TLR),有效启动宿主的固有免疫应答[10],并且在与其他蛋白融合时,OprI能够发挥免疫佐剂的作用[11]。在前期筛选PA疫苗抗原PcrV、OprI并成功构建融合蛋白PcrV-OprI(rePO)[12],并在动物实验中展现了较好的保护效果[13]。
重组亚单位疫苗作为一种新型疫苗,虽然安全性较好,但免疫原性有限,常需通过添加佐剂或优化递送系统等方式提高免疫应答[14]。通过自组装纳米颗粒递送候选抗原可以有效提高其抗原免疫原性及保护效果[15]。铁蛋白是具有自组装特性的纳米颗粒,具有生物相容性高、可生物降解性强、热稳定性良好等优点[16]。铁蛋白具有多个异源抗原插入区域,能提供多种修饰选择,使其成为一个很有前途的抗原呈递平台[17]。基于以上工作基础,本研究通过融合的方式将rePO与铁蛋白的亚单位融合表达,使其有序展示在铁蛋白壳的外表面,制备rePO-FN自组装纳米颗粒,并在小鼠支扩伴急性感染模型中评价其免疫保护作用。
6~8周龄 SPF级C57BL/6雌性小鼠,体质量18~20 g,购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司。PA XN-1菌株(CTCC M2015730),-80 ℃冻存,由陆军军医大学药学与检验医学系国家免疫生物制品工程技术研究中心保存。DC 2.4细胞购自美森细胞科技有限公司,由本实验室保存。重组质粒pET-28a(+)-rePO-FN由前期研究构建[13],并由本实验室保存。本研究中使用的所有方案经过中国人民解放军陆军军医大学实验动物福利伦理审查委员会批准(AMUWEC20224495)
硫酸卡那霉素购自生工生物公司,胰蛋白胨、酵母提取物、琼脂购自英国Oxoid公司,氯化钠购自国药集团公司,含有硫酸卡那霉素的LB固体培养基由氯化钠、胰蛋白胨、酵母提取物、琼脂和硫酸卡那霉素制得,含有硫酸卡那霉素的LB液体培养基由氯化钠、胰蛋白胨、硫酸卡那霉素和酵母提取物制得,Tris购自生工生物公司,Tris-HCl缓冲液由Tris、氯化钠配制,并由盐酸调节至pH=8.5,HRP标记山羊抗鼠IgGs抗体购自中杉生物公司,4%异氟烷购自毕得医药公司,弹性蛋白酶(猪胰)购自生科云选生物科技有限公司,TMB底物显色液购自生工生物公司,异丙基-β-D硫代半乳糖苷( isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside,IPTG)购自生工生物公司,PBS购自中杉金桥公司,Tween-20购自生工生物公司,PBST由PBS与Tween-20配制,牛血清蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)购自生工生物公司,Ni Bestarose FF购自鸿格鹏生物技术有限公司,质粒提取试剂盒购自美国Omega公司,完全培养基购自达科为生物技术有限公司,大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞购自日本TaKaRa公司,IL-6 ELISA试剂盒购自达科为生物技术有限公司,光学显微镜购自永科光学公司,低温高速离心机购自卢湘仪公司,Avant Pure 150纯化仪购自美国GE公司。
参考LONGHINI-DOS-SANTOS等[18-21]进行支气管扩张模型的构建。将C57BL/6小鼠按随机数字表法分为(n=6):生理盐水组、弹性蛋白酶低剂量组、弹性蛋白酶中剂量组和弹性蛋白酶高剂量组。用4 %异氟烷吸入麻醉后,采用连续3 d气管内滴注不同剂量弹性蛋白酶的方法构建小鼠支扩模型。其中生理盐水组气管内滴注30 μL生理盐水,弹性蛋白酶低剂量组、弹性蛋白酶中剂量组和弹性蛋白酶高剂量组分别滴注30 μL含有0.65、1.30及2.60 IU弹性蛋白酶的生理盐水溶液。于第14、21天每组按随机数字表法抽取3只小鼠,用4%异氟烷吸入麻醉后取完整肺组织,经4%多聚甲醛溶液室温固定后,进行脱水、包埋、切片、苏木精-伊红染色,在显微镜下观察炎性病理组织改变,包括支气管壁破损情况、肺组织出血、炎性细胞浸润程度和肺泡结构的完整性。同时,每组按随机数字表法抽取3只小鼠通过ELISA法检测肺组织匀浆IL-6浓度。结合各组小鼠肺组织IL-6浓度变化及肺组织病理切片观察结果综合判断是否造模成功[19-21]。
将重组质粒pET-28a(+)-rePO-FN转化至大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3),涂布于含有硫酸卡那霉素的LB固体培养基37 ℃培养过夜后挑取阳性单菌落,接种于10 mL含有硫酸卡那霉素的LB液体培养基中,在37 ℃恒温摇床(180 转/min)上培养过夜;将一次活化的菌液按照1∶100的体积比加入20 mL含有硫酸卡那霉素的无菌LB液体培养基中进行二次活化,在37 ℃恒温摇床(220转/min)上培养至OD(600)值为0.8,用0.2 mmol/L IPTG诱导,在37 ℃ 180转/min下孵育过夜。诱导结束后,以12 000转/min室温离心15 min收集菌体并经超声裂解,收集沉淀后重悬于50 mmol/L Tris-HCl (150 mmol/L NaCl,pH=8.5) 缓冲液后用透析袋进行透析,透析后用8 mol/L尿素溶于缓冲液进行包涵体的复性。将复性后的蛋白以8 000 r/min室温离心10 min离心取上清,经Ni柱纯化后得到rePO-FN蛋白。
对rePO-FN进行SDS-PAGE 凝胶电泳,并通过Superose 6 Incrase 10/300 GL分子筛层析、动态光散射和透射电镜对rePO-FN的理化性质进行检测分析。
将C57BL/6J小鼠按照随机数字表法分为(n=10):PBS、rePO-FN、rePO和Ferritin组。rePO-FN、rePO、Ferritin组分别免疫100 μL含有10 μg rePO-FN、rePO或Ferritin蛋白的PBS缓冲液,PBS组免疫100 μL PBS缓冲液。各组小鼠在0、7、14天经肌肉注射免疫,共计3次。
按照免疫程序于第0、7、14天对各组小鼠进行免疫,每次免疫后第7天,取小鼠尾静脉血孵育后分离血清,通过ELISA法测定免疫小鼠中抗rePO 免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgGs)效价。将rePO用抗原包被液稀释到4 μg/mL,以每孔100 μL铺于酶标板,4 ℃包被过夜。用PBST缓冲液洗涤3次,每次1 min后每孔加入250 μL含有1%BSA的PBST缓冲液,37 ℃封闭2 h后洗涤。将血清稀释到合适浓度后进行梯度稀释,37 ℃孵育1 h后洗涤。将HRP标记的山羊抗鼠IgGs抗体用PBST缓冲液以体积比1∶7 500进行稀释,以每孔100 μL加入酶标板中,37 ℃孵育40 min后洗涤。每孔加入100 μL TMB底物显色液避光孵育10 min后终止显色,于450 nm处读取吸光值。以待测样本(S)与阴性对照(N)比值,即S/N≥2.1作为阳性结果进行判断。
为评价rePO-FN的保护效果,末次免疫后第7天,将各免疫组小鼠按照随机数字表法分为致死组和亚致死组。致死组包含rePO-FN组、rePO组、PBS组,每组各5只。亚致死组包括rePO-FN组、rePO组及PBS组,每组5只小鼠。用4%异氟烷吸入麻醉后,通过气管插管的方式分别向肺部注入20 μL致死剂量的PA XN-1菌液(1.31×106 CFU/只)和亚致死剂量的PA XN-1菌液(5.24×105 CFU/只)。致死剂量组每间隔12 h观察一次,连续7 d记录小鼠存活情况。亚致死剂量组在攻毒后24 h取小鼠肺组织进行细菌定植实验。每组各取5只攻毒后的小鼠,用4%异氟烷吸入麻醉后,眼球摘除法取血后脱颈处死小鼠,用75%酒精浸湿皮毛2 min,在无菌操作台中解剖后,取出肺组织置于含有1 mL无菌PBS缓冲液的匀浆器中研磨充分,取50 μL肺组织匀浆用无菌PBS缓冲液进行以1∶5的初始体积比例进行倍比稀释,将稀释后的组织匀浆充分混匀后取10 μL涂布于LB固体培养平板上,置于37 ℃孵箱中培养过夜,次日取出平板进行菌落计数。
为了评价rePO-FN在小鼠支扩模型中的保护效果,将C57BL/6J小鼠滴注2.60 IU弹性蛋白酶构建支扩模型后,于支扩造模后第21天进行免疫。按照数字随机表法进行分组(n=10):支扩rePO-FN组、支扩rePO组、支扩PBS组。支扩rePO-FN、支扩rePO组分别免疫100 μL含有10 μg rePO-FN或rePO蛋白的PBS缓冲液,支扩PBS组免疫100 μL PBS缓冲液。各组小鼠在0、7、14天经肌肉注射免疫,共计3次。致死组包含支扩rePO-FN组、支扩rePO组、支扩PBS组,每组各5只。亚致死组包括rePO-FN组、rePO组及PBS组,每组5只小鼠。用4%异氟烷吸入麻醉后,通过气管插管的方式分别向肺部注入20 μL致死剂量的PA XN-1(1.31×106 CFU/只)和亚致死剂量的PA XN-1(5.24×105 CFU/只)。致死组每间隔12 h观察一次,连续7 d记录小鼠存活情况。亚致死剂量组在攻毒后24 h取小鼠肺组织进行细菌定植实验,详细方法同上。
rePO-FN组小鼠在第0、7、14天经肌肉注射100 μL含有10 μg rePO-FN蛋白的PBS缓冲液。末次免疫后各组按照随机数字表法随机选取3只小鼠,用4%异氟烷吸入麻醉后,脱颈处死小鼠后取其心、肝、脾、肺、肾保存于4%多聚甲醛中。取3只未经处理的空白小鼠取其尾静脉血,取500 μL红细胞并置于浓度为25、50、100、200 μg/mL的rePO-FN溶液和1% Triton X-100中进行细胞溶血实验,其中1% Triton X-100作为positive组。将培育好的DC 2.4细胞密度调整至1×105个,每孔100 μL置于96孔板,每组3个复孔,37 ℃孵育24 h,洗涤后分别加入浓度为0、25、50、100、200 μg/mL的rePO-FN溶液,37 ℃孵育24 h洗涤后用CCK-8法进行检测,用酶标仪检测各孔于450 nm处的吸光度值。
采用GraphPad Prism 9软件进行统计学分析,两组数据间采用非配对t检验,多组数据间采用ANOVA因素方差分析,生存率分析采用Kaplan-Meier分析。符合正态分布的计量资料以x¯±s表示。P<0.05认为差异有统计学意义。
为了判断小鼠支扩模型是否成功建立,首次滴注后第14、21天取小鼠肺组织匀浆上清检测IL-6浓度(图1A)。结果显示,第21天气管内滴注三种不同剂量弹性蛋白酶的小鼠肺组织匀浆中IL-6浓度显著升高,且随弹性蛋白酶剂量增加而增加(图1B)。弹性蛋白酶各组与生理盐水组的IL-6浓度存在显著差异(P<0.05,图1B)。同时,取小鼠肺组织作病理组织切片观察小鼠肺组织变化情况。结果显示,生理盐水组小鼠肺泡结构清晰、支气管壁结构完整,未见明显出血、水肿和炎症变化,低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组都可见不同程度的支气管壁结构破坏、肺泡融合、水肿、中性粒细胞浸润、出血的变化,且随剂量增加严重程度增加。3个剂量组第21天肺组织破坏程度均高于第14天(图1C)。结果表明,3种剂量的弹性蛋白酶气管内滴注均能造成小鼠支气管扩张典型病理变化,表明小鼠支扩模型成功建立。
在大肠杆菌中rePO-FN融合蛋白以可溶形式表达,纯化后经SDS-PAGE检测显示,rePO-FN蛋白的相对分子质量约为55.0 kDa,电泳条带位置与理论值相符。rePO-FN纯度约为92.4%(图2A)。动态光散射检测结果显示,rePO-FN蛋白在水溶液中形成单一对称峰,平均粒径约为91.28 nm,通过Zeta电位检测其电位约为-6.5 mV,粒径分布指数(polymer dispersity index,PDI)为0.306(图2B)。采用Superose 6 Incrase 10/300 GL分子筛层析柱测定rePO-FN蛋白的出峰体积为8.80 mL。根据该层析柱说明书中标准蛋白质出峰体积与分子量的回归曲线,计算得出rePO-FN颗粒的分子量约为1 400.0 kDa。rePO-FN单体理论分子量为55.0 kDa,结合FN蛋白以24聚体形式存在,因此本研究推测rePO-FN蛋白在水溶液中以24聚体存在(图2C)。此外,透射电镜下也观察到rePO-FN蛋白形成典型的纳米颗粒(图2D)。以上结果表明,重组表达的rePO-FN在水溶液中形成均一的纳米颗粒。
为评估rePO-FN的免疫原性,采用ELISA法检测了血清中抗rePO特异性IgGs抗体水平。在检测的3个时间点(第7、14、21天),rePO-FN免疫组的抗体水平均显著高于rePO单体组(P<0.05,图3A)。此外,在Ferritin或PBS组小鼠中,未观察到显著的抗rePO特异性抗体产生(图3A)。上述结果表明,与rePO单体相比,rePO-FN能够更有效地诱导小鼠的体液免疫应答。
为评价rePO-FN蛋白在小鼠体内的免疫保护效果,于末次免疫后第7天采用致死剂量的PA XN-1菌株对小鼠进行攻毒。结果表明,rePO-FN免疫组小鼠的生存率为100%,显著高于rePO组和PBS组(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier分析发现,rePO-FN免疫组与rePO组之间生存时间的差异具有显著性,且两组均显著优于PBS组(图3C)。此外,XN-1亚致死剂量攻毒实验结果表明,rePO-FN免疫组小鼠的肺部定植细菌数量显著低于rePO组和PBS组(P<0.05,图3B)。上述结果表明,rePO-FN的免疫对PA感染具有显著的保护作用,且其保护效果优于rePO单体。
为了进一步评价rePO-FN蛋白在小鼠支扩模型中对PA感染的免疫保护效果。通过气管内滴注弹性蛋白酶的方式构建小鼠支扩模型,按照免疫程序进行免疫。于末次免疫后第7天采用致死剂量的XN-1菌株对各组小鼠进行攻毒。结果表明,支扩rePO-FN组免疫后生存率为100%,显著高于支扩PBS组免疫后小鼠生存率(P<0.05,图4B)。XN-1亚致死剂量攻毒实验结果表明,支扩rePO-FN组免疫后肺部定植细菌数量显著低于支扩 rePO组和支扩PBS组免疫后小鼠的肺部定植细菌数量(P<0.05,图4A)。以上结果表明免疫rePO-FN在支气管扩张伴急性感染模型中具有显著的保护效果,且保护效果优于rePO单体。
为了评估rePO-FN蛋白的体内外安全性,本研究通过病理组织切片、细胞溶血实验及细胞毒性实验进行了初步评价。DC 2.4细胞毒性实验证实,当rePO-FN蛋白浓度处于25~200 μg/mL内时,细胞活力值稳定在90%以上,且浓度依赖性变化不显著(图5A),表明rePO-FN蛋白在该浓度范围内未产生明显毒性作用。细胞溶血实验中,rePO-FN蛋白在25~200 μg/mL浓度区间内未诱发明显溶血现象,且治疗浓度下的溶血率始终维持在5%以下(P<0.000 1,图5B)。病理组织切片结果显示,与PBS组相比,rePO-FN免疫组小鼠的心脏、脾脏、肺脏及肾脏等主要脏器均未呈现显著的组织病理学改变(图5C)。以上结果表明,rePO-FN蛋白在实验条件下表现出良好的生物安全性。
在本项研究中,通过基因工程技术构建铁蛋白亚基N端与rePO抗原相连的融合蛋白,实现抗原分子在铁蛋白纳米颗粒表面的有序组装。该策略不仅显著提升了抗原负载密度,更通过空间拓扑优化增强了抗原递呈效率。动物实验结果显示,相较于单体rePO抗原,rePO-FN疫苗肌注免疫可显著增强抗原特异性抗体效价。然而,其详细的免疫激活的分子机制尚不清楚,还需要进一步的深入研究。
PA在支扩患者痰液中分离率为20.8%[3],远高于其它致病菌。PA感染与支扩患者肺功能减弱、病情恶化、住院频率及死亡风险增加显著相关,严重威胁支扩患者生命健康。因此,亟需建立适用于评价PA疫苗保护效果的支扩模型。以往研究中常使用气管内注入PA的方式建立支扩模型[22]。但该模型不适用于评价PA疫苗的保护效果,故选择以滴注弹性蛋白酶的方式进行建模,这种建模方式主要利用外源性的弹性蛋白酶打破肺内蛋白酶与抗蛋白酶系统的平衡,达到破坏支气管及肺组织的目的[23],最终成功建立小鼠支扩模型。然而,临床上除通过炎症指标与病理变化诊断支扩外,还会综合考虑患者症状、肺功能检查结果以及影像学特征表现[1]。未来研究需纳入更多贴近临床诊断的指标,增加支扩模型全面性和准确性,与临床实际更具关联性。
临床上,支扩患者可与呼吸道定植的PA长期存在相对平衡的状态,这与急性加重期的反应和病程明显不同[24]。本研究建立的模型仅模拟了由PA感染导致支扩急性加重的过程,可评价疫苗在支扩患者中针对PA急性感染的保护作用。然而,该模型不能反映支扩患者与PA长期定植相互作用过程,因此需进一步建立支扩合并PA慢性感染动物模型,以更加贴近临床应用场景。
综上所述,本研究成功构建了基于铁蛋白的PA自组装纳米颗粒疫苗rePO-FN,证实该疫苗肌肉注射免疫可引起小鼠高效体液免疫应答。并且,成功建立了小鼠支气管扩张伴PA急性感染模型,并明确了rePO-FN的保护效果,为下一步成功研发PA疫苗打下了基础。

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2025年第47卷第10期
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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502082
  • 接收时间:2025-02-26
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2025-05-30
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-26
  • 修回日期:2025-04-03
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    1大理大学药学院,云南 大理
    2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)药学与检验医学系国家免疫生物制品工程技术研究中心,重庆
    3重庆原伦生物科技有限公司,重庆

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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