Article(id=1322218761634034224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322218723616862544, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501071, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737648000000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-24, revisedDate=1743091200000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793171118409, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1749916800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793171118409, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793171118409, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793171118409, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322218723616862544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='11', pageStart='1145', pageEnd='1242', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1749916800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793171109346, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793325423536, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322865964295766226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322218723616862544, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322865964295766227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322218723616862544, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1235, endPage=1242, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322218762175099441, articleId=1322218761634034224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Comparative effect of ARNI and ACEI/ARB on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with hypertensive heart disease, columnId=1320435174995772212, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Clinical Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective‍

To investigate whether there exist differences in the improvement of left ventricular diastolic function between angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) in patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD).

Methods‍

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the HHD patients admitted in Department of Cardiovascular Diseases of our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. The general information, echocardiographic parameters before and after treatment, and results of routine tests were collected. Finally, 517 HHD patients were subjected, including 117 receiving ARNI treatment (ARNI group) and 400 getting ACEI/ARB treatment (ACEI/ARB group). A 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed with a caliper value of 0.02, resulting in 89 matched cases for each group. Electrocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), with various parameters, including left atrial volume index, early diastolic peak velocity at the interventricular septal portion of mitral annulus (septal e’), early diastolic peak velocity at the lateral wall portion of mitral annulus (lateral e’), tricuspid regurgitation velocity, and E/e’. These parameters were followed up and reassessed during the treatment period. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to compare the incidence of LVDD between the 2 groups. Multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify the risk factors contributing to LVDD.

Results‍

The median follow-up time was 412 (309, 736) d in the whole cohort, and was 409 (300, 729) d for the patients after PSM. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the incidence of LVDD was lower in the ARNI group than the ACEI/ARB group both before and after PSM (P<0.05). After treatment, the ARNI group obtained lower lateral e’ [8.00 (7.00, 9.40) vs 9.00 (7.10, 10.30) cm/s, P<0.001], thinner left ventricular posterior wall thickness [12.20 (10.80, 12.80) vs 12.30 (11.20, 12.90) mm, P<0.048] when compared with the ACEI/ARB group. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (OR=1.082, P<0.001), increased systolic blood pressure (OR=1.009, P=0.005), thicker left ventricular posterior wall thickness (OR=1.462, P<0.001), left atrial enlargement (OR=1.081, P<0.001), and use of calcium channel blocker (OR=1.548, P=0.006) were independent risk factors for LVDD, and positively correlated with the risk of LVDD. While, male (OR=0.709, P=0.043) and BMI (OR=0.933, P=0.006) were protective factors, which were negatively correlated with LVDD risk.

Conclusion‍

In HHD patients, ARNI is superior to ACEI/ARB in reducing the incidence of LVDD.

, authors=Hao YANG1, Yi HE1, Fangjuan WANG1, Ting ZHOU1, Tao LIU1, Pinliang LIAO1, Huakang LI1, Yongqin LI2, Houyuan HU1, authorsList=Hao YANG, Yi HE, Fangjuan WANG, Ting ZHOU, Tao LIU, Pinliang LIAO, Huakang LI, Yongqin LI, Houyuan HU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Houyuan HU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322218763131400757, articleId=1322218761634034224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=ARNI与ACEI/ARB对高血压性心脏病患者左心室舒张功能影响的比较研究, columnId=1322185541475488183, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=临床医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究血管紧张素受体-脑啡肽酶抑制剂(angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor,ARNI)与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂 (angiotensin receptor blocker,ARB)对高血压性心脏病(hypertensive heart disease,HHD)患者左心室舒张功能的改善方面是否存在差异。

方法

本研究为回顾性队列研究,收集2021年1月至2024年12月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院心血管内科就诊的HHD患者的临床资料,包括患者的基本信息、超声心动图各项指标及常规检验等。共纳入517例HHD患者,根据治疗方案的不同,将患者分为ARNI组(n=117)和ACEI/ARB组(n=400)。通过1∶1倾向性评分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM),卡钳值为0.02,匹配后ARNI组与ACEI/ARB组的患者各89例。利用超声心动图检测反映左心室舒张功能障碍(left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,LVDD)的各项指标,包括左心房容积指数、二尖瓣环室间隔部位舒张早期峰值速度(室间隔e’)、二尖瓣环侧壁部位舒张早期峰值速度(侧壁e’)、三尖瓣反流速度和E/e’,并在治疗期间进行随访及复查上述指标。采用Kaplan-Meier生成曲线比较2组患者在LVDD发生率方面的差异。采用多因素Logistic风险回归模型筛选与LVDD相关的危险因素。

结果

本研究的中位随访时间为412(309,736)d,经PSM后的中位随访时间为409(300,729)d。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,PSM前后ARNI组的LVDD发生率均低于ACEI/ARB组(P<0.05)。治疗后ARNI组的侧壁 e’低于ACEI/ARB组[8.00(7.00,9.40) vs 9.00(7.10,10.30) cm/s,P<0.001];ARNI组的左心室后壁厚度低于ACEI/ARB组[12.20(10.80,12.80) vs 12.30(11.20,12.90) mm,P=0.048];多因素Logistic风险回归分析校正混杂因素后,结果显示,年龄增加(OR=1.082,P<0.001)、收缩压升高(OR=1.009,P=0.005)、左心室后壁厚度增加(OR=1.462,P<0.001)、左心房内径扩大(OR=1.081,P<0.001)及服用钙通道阻滞剂(OR=1.548,P=0.006)是LVDD的独立危险因素,与LVDD的发生风险呈正相关;而男性(OR=0.709,P=0.043)、体质指数(OR=0.933,P=0.006)则为保护性因素,与LVDD的发生风险呈负相关。

结论

在HHD患者中,ARNI在降低LVDD发生率方面优于ACEI/ARB组。

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胡厚源,E-mail:
HU Houyuan,E-mail:
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Circulation,2022,146(23):1749-1757., articleTitle=The effects of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition on major coronary events in patients with acute myocardial infarction:insights from the PARADISE-MI trial, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322218763655688759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322218763852821048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, companyId=1322218763655688759, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiovascular Diseases,Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases,First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322218763869598265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, companyId=1322218763655688759, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):第一附属医院心血管内科,代谢生物钟与心血管疾病中心,重庆)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322218765333410362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322218765345993275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, companyId=1322218765333410362, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Faculty of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322218765354381884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, companyId=1322218765333410362, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):生物医学工程与影像医学系,重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322218775819170418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=rMYsLQjwGKd+nSJT6ccI/g==, figureFileBig=iR4SqpRyf0hNGQ+ymba3kQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218775911445107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=CN, label=图1, caption=PSM前(A)、后(B)ARNI组和ACEI/ARB组HHD患者LVDD的Kaplan-Meier分析, figureFileSmall=rMYsLQjwGKd+nSJT6ccI/g==, figureFileBig=iR4SqpRyf0hNGQ+ymba3kQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322218776133743220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标PSM前PSM后
ARNI组(n=117)ACEI/ARB组(n=400)Z/χ2PARNI组(n=89)ACEI/ARB组(n=89)Z/χ2P
男性101(86.32)276(69.00)13.76<0.00173(82.02)76(85.39)0.3710.543
年龄/岁62.00(54.00,70.00)61.00(56.00,69.00)-0.3260.74461.00(54.00,70.00)60.00(55.00,67.00)-7.9560.475
身高/cm167.00(162.00,170.00)164.00(158.00,169.00)-7.956<0.001165.00(161.00,170.00)165.00(161.00,170.00)-13.3130.992
体质量/kg69.00(64.00,75.00)70.00(62.00,78.00)-0.5570.57870.00(64.00,77.00)70.00(63.00,78.00)-10.1930.846
体质指数 /(kg/m2)24.98(23.71,27.34)26.00(24.06,28.23)5.000<0.00125.53(24.09,27.76)25.46(23.71,28.13)-7.2680.765
收缩压/mmHg135.00(120.00,148.00)132.00(121.00,146.00)-1.3780.168135.00(119.00,145.00)133.00(121.00,147.00)-8.8440.165
舒张压/mmHg78.00(70.00,88.00)80.00(71.00,90.00)2.7260.00678.00(70.00,89.00)80.00(74.00,89.00)-7.4760.012
心率/(次/min)73.00(67.00,83.00)78.00(68.00,87.00)2.7350.00674.00(66.00,85.00)78.00(67.00,86.00)-7.0250.115
冠心病78(66.67)322(80.50)9.8930.00264(71.91)63(70.79)0.0270.868
糖尿病36(30.77)135(33.75)0.3630.54729(32.58)27(30.34)0.1040.747
吸烟史69(58.97)208(52.00)1.7700.18353(59.55)54(60.67)0.0230.878
饮酒史59(50.43)168(42.00)2.6100.10642(47.19)46(51.69)0.3600.549
服用钙通道阻滞剂41(35.04)207(51.75)10.2400.00136(40.45)36(40.45)0.0001.000
服用β-受体阻滞剂68(58.12)235(58.75)0.0150.90340(44.94)35(39.33)0.5760.448
血清肌酐/(μmol/L)80.50(68.85,105.70)77.40(65.30,95.12)-4.229<0.00182.60(69.20,106.35)84.10(66.60,95.76)-12.5630.060
谷丙转氨酶/(IU/L)21.60(16.10,30.80)21.65(15.70,33.60)1.2260.22022.90(16.30,32.00)22.70(16.00,35.20)-9.4800.883
谷草转氨酶/(IU/L)25.60(19.80,38.00)28.00(19.70,45.90)3.421<0.00126.60(20.80,39.00)26.30(20.50,41.60)-6.9960.470
血红蛋白/(g/L)139.00(128.00,148.00)139.00(127.00,150.00)0.4470.655139.00(130.00,151.00)142.00(132.00,150.00)-9.4320.125
), ArticleFig(id=1322218776314098293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PSM前后ARNI组和ACEI/ARB组HHD患者的基线资料比较[M(P25,P75),例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标PSM前PSM后
ARNI组(n=117)ACEI/ARB组(n=400)Z/χ2PARNI组(n=89)ACEI/ARB组(n=89)Z/χ2P
男性101(86.32)276(69.00)13.76<0.00173(82.02)76(85.39)0.3710.543
年龄/岁62.00(54.00,70.00)61.00(56.00,69.00)-0.3260.74461.00(54.00,70.00)60.00(55.00,67.00)-7.9560.475
身高/cm167.00(162.00,170.00)164.00(158.00,169.00)-7.956<0.001165.00(161.00,170.00)165.00(161.00,170.00)-13.3130.992
体质量/kg69.00(64.00,75.00)70.00(62.00,78.00)-0.5570.57870.00(64.00,77.00)70.00(63.00,78.00)-10.1930.846
体质指数 /(kg/m2)24.98(23.71,27.34)26.00(24.06,28.23)5.000<0.00125.53(24.09,27.76)25.46(23.71,28.13)-7.2680.765
收缩压/mmHg135.00(120.00,148.00)132.00(121.00,146.00)-1.3780.168135.00(119.00,145.00)133.00(121.00,147.00)-8.8440.165
舒张压/mmHg78.00(70.00,88.00)80.00(71.00,90.00)2.7260.00678.00(70.00,89.00)80.00(74.00,89.00)-7.4760.012
心率/(次/min)73.00(67.00,83.00)78.00(68.00,87.00)2.7350.00674.00(66.00,85.00)78.00(67.00,86.00)-7.0250.115
冠心病78(66.67)322(80.50)9.8930.00264(71.91)63(70.79)0.0270.868
糖尿病36(30.77)135(33.75)0.3630.54729(32.58)27(30.34)0.1040.747
吸烟史69(58.97)208(52.00)1.7700.18353(59.55)54(60.67)0.0230.878
饮酒史59(50.43)168(42.00)2.6100.10642(47.19)46(51.69)0.3600.549
服用钙通道阻滞剂41(35.04)207(51.75)10.2400.00136(40.45)36(40.45)0.0001.000
服用β-受体阻滞剂68(58.12)235(58.75)0.0150.90340(44.94)35(39.33)0.5760.448
血清肌酐/(μmol/L)80.50(68.85,105.70)77.40(65.30,95.12)-4.229<0.00182.60(69.20,106.35)84.10(66.60,95.76)-12.5630.060
谷丙转氨酶/(IU/L)21.60(16.10,30.80)21.65(15.70,33.60)1.2260.22022.90(16.30,32.00)22.70(16.00,35.20)-9.4800.883
谷草转氨酶/(IU/L)25.60(19.80,38.00)28.00(19.70,45.90)3.421<0.00126.60(20.80,39.00)26.30(20.50,41.60)-6.9960.470
血红蛋白/(g/L)139.00(128.00,148.00)139.00(127.00,150.00)0.4470.655139.00(130.00,151.00)142.00(132.00,150.00)-9.4320.125
), ArticleFig(id=1322218776418955894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别LAVI/(mL/m2)室间隔e’/(cm/s)侧壁e’/(cm/s)E/e’TRV/(m/s)E/A
ARNI组
治疗前24.00(20.20,28.00)a6.00(5.00,7.20)8.10(6.60,9.40)9.38(7.62,11.20)2.30(2.10,2.50)0.76(0.67,0.86)
治疗后23.10(20.00,27.00)b6.00(5.00,7.00)b8.00(7.00,9.40)9.23(7.71,11.40)2.30(2.20,2.50)b0.76(0.65,0.89)
ACEI/ARB组
治疗前22.00(19.90,26.00)6.00(5.40,7.00)8.00(7.00,9.50)9.09(7.97,10.68)2.30(2.10,2.40)0.76(0.67,0.87)
治疗后22.00(20.20,27.00)a6.00(5.00,7.00)9.00(7.10,10.30)a9.12(7.70,10.80)2.30(2.10,2.50)a0.78(0.69,0.85)
Z/χ2c0.6372.5355.246-0.499-0.3540.770
Pc0.4250.011<0.0010.6180.7190.441
), ArticleFig(id=1322218776532202103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PSM后的ARNI组和ACEI/ARB组在HHD患者左心室舒张功能的比较[n=89,M(P25,P75),例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别LAVI/(mL/m2)室间隔e’/(cm/s)侧壁e’/(cm/s)E/e’TRV/(m/s)E/A
ARNI组
治疗前24.00(20.20,28.00)a6.00(5.00,7.20)8.10(6.60,9.40)9.38(7.62,11.20)2.30(2.10,2.50)0.76(0.67,0.86)
治疗后23.10(20.00,27.00)b6.00(5.00,7.00)b8.00(7.00,9.40)9.23(7.71,11.40)2.30(2.20,2.50)b0.76(0.65,0.89)
ACEI/ARB组
治疗前22.00(19.90,26.00)6.00(5.40,7.00)8.00(7.00,9.50)9.09(7.97,10.68)2.30(2.10,2.40)0.76(0.67,0.87)
治疗后22.00(20.20,27.00)a6.00(5.00,7.00)9.00(7.10,10.30)a9.12(7.70,10.80)2.30(2.10,2.50)a0.78(0.69,0.85)
Z/χ2c0.6372.5355.246-0.499-0.3540.770
Pc0.4250.011<0.0010.6180.7190.441
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指标ARNI组ACEI/ARB组Z/χ2cPc
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
左心房内径/mm38.00(35.00,41.00)38.00(35.00,40.00)37.00(35.00,40.00)37.00(35.00,40.00)-1.1650.242
左心室内径/mm49.00(47.00,52.00)49.00(45.00,52.00)b49.00(46.00,52.00)48.00(46.00,50.00)a-1.2280.218
左心室后壁厚度/mm12.30(11.00,12.90)12.20(10.80,12.80)12.20(11.00,12.60)12.30(11.20,12.90)1.9810.048
室间隔厚度/mm10.00(9.10,11.00)a10.00(8.90,11.20)10.00(9.10,10.90)10.40(9.30,11.00)a3.3590.067
左心室射血分数/%63.00(59.00,66.00) a64.00(60.00,68.00)62.00(57.00,66.00)65.00(60.00,68.00)a3.6750.056
左心室短轴缩短率/%34.00(31.00,36.00)35.00(32.00,38.00)34.00(30.00,37.00)35.00(32.00,38.00)a1.0440.295
左心室舒张末期容积/mL120.00(100.00,135.00)115.00(96.00,132.00)b113.00(102.00,135.00)113.00(101.00,128.00)0.6150.538
每搏输出量/mL74.00(61.00,83.00)72.00(62.00,81.00)71.00(64.00,80.00)74.00(63.00,85.00)a1.6820.092
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PSM后的ARNI组和ACEI/ARB组在HHD患者心脏结构和功能的比较[n=89,M(P25,P75),例(%)]

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指标ARNI组ACEI/ARB组Z/χ2cPc
治疗前治疗后治疗前治疗后
左心房内径/mm38.00(35.00,41.00)38.00(35.00,40.00)37.00(35.00,40.00)37.00(35.00,40.00)-1.1650.242
左心室内径/mm49.00(47.00,52.00)49.00(45.00,52.00)b49.00(46.00,52.00)48.00(46.00,50.00)a-1.2280.218
左心室后壁厚度/mm12.30(11.00,12.90)12.20(10.80,12.80)12.20(11.00,12.60)12.30(11.20,12.90)1.9810.048
室间隔厚度/mm10.00(9.10,11.00)a10.00(8.90,11.20)10.00(9.10,10.90)10.40(9.30,11.00)a3.3590.067
左心室射血分数/%63.00(59.00,66.00) a64.00(60.00,68.00)62.00(57.00,66.00)65.00(60.00,68.00)a3.6750.056
左心室短轴缩短率/%34.00(31.00,36.00)35.00(32.00,38.00)34.00(30.00,37.00)35.00(32.00,38.00)a1.0440.295
左心室舒张末期容积/mL120.00(100.00,135.00)115.00(96.00,132.00)b113.00(102.00,135.00)113.00(101.00,128.00)0.6150.538
每搏输出量/mL74.00(61.00,83.00)72.00(62.00,81.00)71.00(64.00,80.00)74.00(63.00,85.00)a1.6820.092
), ArticleFig(id=1322218776821609082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标单因素Logistic回归分析多因素Logistic回归分析
βWaldχ2OR (95%CI)PβWald χ2OR (95%CI)P
ARNI组-0.1400.6490.869 (0.618~1.223)0.420-0.0930.2380.912 (0.622 ~ 1.313)0.626
男性-0.2512.7230.778 (0.578~1.048)0.099-0.3444.1030.709 (0.510 ~ 0.992)0.043
年龄0.08163.6881.084 (1.063~1.106)<0.0010.07955.8471.082 (1.061 ~ 1.106)< 0.001
收缩压0.01418.6071.014 (1.007 ~ 1.020)<0.0010.0097.8671.009 (1.003 ~ 1.016)0.005
体质指数-0.0475.0350.954 (0.916~0.994)0.025-0.0697.5560.933 (0.888 ~ 0.980)0.006
糖尿病-0.0630.1720.939 (0.698~1.263)0.679
冠心病0.1400.6491.151 (0.818~1.619)0.420
服用钙通道阻滞剂0.59416.9001.811 (1.364~2.404)<0.0010.4377.6581.548 (1.138 ~ 2.115)0.006
服用β-受体阻滞剂-0.3817.2760.683 (0.518 ~ 0.901)0.007
左心房内径0.10539.7061.110 (1.075 ~ 1.147)<0.0010.07817.9111.081 (1.043 ~ 1.120)< 0.001
左心室后壁厚度0.34567.4441.412 (1.300 ~ 1.533)<0.0010.38061.4471.462 (1.330 ~ 1.608)< 0.001
室间隔厚度0.18516.8891.204 (1.102 ~ 1.315)<0.001
谷丙转氨酶-0.0104.8600.990 (0.981 ~ 0.998)0.027-0.0021.6580.998 (0.992 ~ 1.000)0.198
), ArticleFig(id=1322218776901300859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322218761634034224, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

PSM前HHD患者发生LVDD的相关危险因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标单因素Logistic回归分析多因素Logistic回归分析
βWaldχ2OR (95%CI)PβWald χ2OR (95%CI)P
ARNI组-0.1400.6490.869 (0.618~1.223)0.420-0.0930.2380.912 (0.622 ~ 1.313)0.626
男性-0.2512.7230.778 (0.578~1.048)0.099-0.3444.1030.709 (0.510 ~ 0.992)0.043
年龄0.08163.6881.084 (1.063~1.106)<0.0010.07955.8471.082 (1.061 ~ 1.106)< 0.001
收缩压0.01418.6071.014 (1.007 ~ 1.020)<0.0010.0097.8671.009 (1.003 ~ 1.016)0.005
体质指数-0.0475.0350.954 (0.916~0.994)0.025-0.0697.5560.933 (0.888 ~ 0.980)0.006
糖尿病-0.0630.1720.939 (0.698~1.263)0.679
冠心病0.1400.6491.151 (0.818~1.619)0.420
服用钙通道阻滞剂0.59416.9001.811 (1.364~2.404)<0.0010.4377.6581.548 (1.138 ~ 2.115)0.006
服用β-受体阻滞剂-0.3817.2760.683 (0.518 ~ 0.901)0.007
左心房内径0.10539.7061.110 (1.075 ~ 1.147)<0.0010.07817.9111.081 (1.043 ~ 1.120)< 0.001
左心室后壁厚度0.34567.4441.412 (1.300 ~ 1.533)<0.0010.38061.4471.462 (1.330 ~ 1.608)< 0.001
室间隔厚度0.18516.8891.204 (1.102 ~ 1.315)<0.001
谷丙转氨酶-0.0104.8600.990 (0.981 ~ 0.998)0.027-0.0021.6580.998 (0.992 ~ 1.000)0.198
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ARNI与ACEI/ARB对高血压性心脏病患者左心室舒张功能影响的比较研究
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杨浩 1 , 何宜 1 , 王芳娟 1 , 周婷 1 , 刘涛 1 , 廖品亮 1 , 李华康 1 , 李永勤 2 , 胡厚源 1
陆军军医大学学报 | 临床医学 2025,47(11): 1235-1242
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陆军军医大学学报 |临床医学 2025 , 47 (11) : 1235 -1242
ARNI与ACEI/ARB对高血压性心脏病患者左心室舒张功能影响的比较研究
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杨浩1, 何宜1, 王芳娟1, 周婷1, 刘涛1, 廖品亮1, 李华康1, 李永勤2, 胡厚源1
作者信息
  • 1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):第一附属医院心血管内科,代谢生物钟与心血管疾病中心,重庆
  • 2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):生物医学工程与影像医学系,重庆
通讯作者:
胡厚源,E-mail:
HU Houyuan,E-mail:
Comparative effect of ARNI and ACEI/ARB on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with hypertensive heart disease
Hao YANG1, Yi HE1, Fangjuan WANG1, Ting ZHOU1, Tao LIU1, Pinliang LIAO1, Huakang LI1, Yongqin LI2, Houyuan HU1
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Diseases,Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases,First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
  • 2Faculty of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
出版时间: 2025-06-15 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501071
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目的

探究血管紧张素受体-脑啡肽酶抑制剂(angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor,ARNI)与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂 (angiotensin receptor blocker,ARB)对高血压性心脏病(hypertensive heart disease,HHD)患者左心室舒张功能的改善方面是否存在差异。

方法

本研究为回顾性队列研究,收集2021年1月至2024年12月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院心血管内科就诊的HHD患者的临床资料,包括患者的基本信息、超声心动图各项指标及常规检验等。共纳入517例HHD患者,根据治疗方案的不同,将患者分为ARNI组(n=117)和ACEI/ARB组(n=400)。通过1∶1倾向性评分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM),卡钳值为0.02,匹配后ARNI组与ACEI/ARB组的患者各89例。利用超声心动图检测反映左心室舒张功能障碍(left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,LVDD)的各项指标,包括左心房容积指数、二尖瓣环室间隔部位舒张早期峰值速度(室间隔e’)、二尖瓣环侧壁部位舒张早期峰值速度(侧壁e’)、三尖瓣反流速度和E/e’,并在治疗期间进行随访及复查上述指标。采用Kaplan-Meier生成曲线比较2组患者在LVDD发生率方面的差异。采用多因素Logistic风险回归模型筛选与LVDD相关的危险因素。

结果

本研究的中位随访时间为412(309,736)d,经PSM后的中位随访时间为409(300,729)d。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,PSM前后ARNI组的LVDD发生率均低于ACEI/ARB组(P<0.05)。治疗后ARNI组的侧壁 e’低于ACEI/ARB组[8.00(7.00,9.40) vs 9.00(7.10,10.30) cm/s,P<0.001];ARNI组的左心室后壁厚度低于ACEI/ARB组[12.20(10.80,12.80) vs 12.30(11.20,12.90) mm,P=0.048];多因素Logistic风险回归分析校正混杂因素后,结果显示,年龄增加(OR=1.082,P<0.001)、收缩压升高(OR=1.009,P=0.005)、左心室后壁厚度增加(OR=1.462,P<0.001)、左心房内径扩大(OR=1.081,P<0.001)及服用钙通道阻滞剂(OR=1.548,P=0.006)是LVDD的独立危险因素,与LVDD的发生风险呈正相关;而男性(OR=0.709,P=0.043)、体质指数(OR=0.933,P=0.006)则为保护性因素,与LVDD的发生风险呈负相关。

结论

在HHD患者中,ARNI在降低LVDD发生率方面优于ACEI/ARB组。

血管紧张素受体-脑啡肽酶抑制剂  /  血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂  /  高血压性心脏病  /  左心室舒张功能
Objective‍

To investigate whether there exist differences in the improvement of left ventricular diastolic function between angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) in patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD).

Methods‍

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the HHD patients admitted in Department of Cardiovascular Diseases of our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. The general information, echocardiographic parameters before and after treatment, and results of routine tests were collected. Finally, 517 HHD patients were subjected, including 117 receiving ARNI treatment (ARNI group) and 400 getting ACEI/ARB treatment (ACEI/ARB group). A 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed with a caliper value of 0.02, resulting in 89 matched cases for each group. Electrocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), with various parameters, including left atrial volume index, early diastolic peak velocity at the interventricular septal portion of mitral annulus (septal e’), early diastolic peak velocity at the lateral wall portion of mitral annulus (lateral e’), tricuspid regurgitation velocity, and E/e’. These parameters were followed up and reassessed during the treatment period. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted to compare the incidence of LVDD between the 2 groups. Multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify the risk factors contributing to LVDD.

Results‍

The median follow-up time was 412 (309, 736) d in the whole cohort, and was 409 (300, 729) d for the patients after PSM. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the incidence of LVDD was lower in the ARNI group than the ACEI/ARB group both before and after PSM (P<0.05). After treatment, the ARNI group obtained lower lateral e’ [8.00 (7.00, 9.40) vs 9.00 (7.10, 10.30) cm/s, P<0.001], thinner left ventricular posterior wall thickness [12.20 (10.80, 12.80) vs 12.30 (11.20, 12.90) mm, P<0.048] when compared with the ACEI/ARB group. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age (OR=1.082, P<0.001), increased systolic blood pressure (OR=1.009, P=0.005), thicker left ventricular posterior wall thickness (OR=1.462, P<0.001), left atrial enlargement (OR=1.081, P<0.001), and use of calcium channel blocker (OR=1.548, P=0.006) were independent risk factors for LVDD, and positively correlated with the risk of LVDD. While, male (OR=0.709, P=0.043) and BMI (OR=0.933, P=0.006) were protective factors, which were negatively correlated with LVDD risk.

Conclusion‍

In HHD patients, ARNI is superior to ACEI/ARB in reducing the incidence of LVDD.

angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor  /  angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker  /  hypertensive heart disease  /  left ventricular diastolic function
杨浩, 何宜, 王芳娟, 周婷, 刘涛, 廖品亮, 李华康, 李永勤, 胡厚源. ARNI与ACEI/ARB对高血压性心脏病患者左心室舒张功能影响的比较研究. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (11) : 1235 -1242 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501071
Hao YANG, Yi HE, Fangjuan WANG, Ting ZHOU, Tao LIU, Pinliang LIAO, Huakang LI, Yongqin LI, Houyuan HU. Comparative effect of ARNI and ACEI/ARB on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with hypertensive heart disease[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (11) : 1235 -1242 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501071
高血压(hypertension,HT)是一种常见的慢性心血管疾病,长期的血压升高可导致心脏、大脑、肾脏等靶器官及动脉血管的结构和功能障碍;对心脏的影响主要表现为高血压性心脏病(hypertensive heart disease,HHD),包括左室舒张功能障碍(left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,LVDD)、左心室肥厚和左心房扩大等,若这些改变不能得到有效的治疗和逆转,将最终导致心力衰竭和心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)的发生[1]。HT是主要的可控危险因素,因此,更有效预防LVDD的发生,对于心力衰竭和AF的防治具有至关重要的作用。血管紧张素受体-脑啡肽酶抑制剂(angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor,ARNI)是一种具有双重降压机制的药物,目前已在临床广泛应用于心力衰竭和原发性HT的治疗。其主要机制包括:脑啡肽酶抑制剂通过抑制内源性利钠肽的降解来增加其在体内的水平和作用[2];血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂可通过抑制肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,RAAS),降低血压和减轻心脏负担,从而实现更有效的降压和心脏保护效应[3-4]。此外,ARNI的有效性和安全性已在PARADIGM-HF、PARAGON-HF等大型临床研究中得到证实[3]。ARNI不仅具有降压作用,还可能通过改善心脏结构和功能,从而减少心力衰竭和AF的发生[5]。因此,本研究旨在比较ARNI与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂 (angiotensin receptor blocker,ARB)对HHD患者LVDD的改善方面是否存在差异。
本研究为回顾性队列研究,纳入2021年1月至2024年12月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院心血管内科经超声心动图诊断为HHD的患者。纳入HHD患者的标准如下:①具有左心室肥厚(室间隔厚度或左室后壁厚度≥11 mm)、左心房扩大[左心房内径(前后径)>34 mm]和LVDD等特征[6-8];②年龄18~75岁;③2次超声心动图检测的时间间隔≥180 d;④首次超声心动图检测左心室射血分数≥50%。排除标准:①运动员生理性左心房扩大;②血管性水肿病史、估算肾小球滤过率<30 mL/(min·1.73 m2)、症状性低血压或收缩压<100 mmHg或有严重肝损害;③由主动脉瓣狭窄、先天性心脏病、肥厚型心肌病、继发性HT所引起的左心室肥厚;④危及生命或未有效控制的心律失常,包括有症状或持续性室性心动过速、AF或心房扑动且静息心室率>110次/min。本研究已经陆军军医大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批同意[(B)KY2024338]。
收集纳入患者的一般临床资料,记录患者性别、年龄、身高、体质量、收缩压、舒张压、饮酒史、吸烟史、合并症、既往史、用药情况、心电图、超声心动图及常规检验结果等资料。
根据治疗方案的不同,将HHD患者分为ARNI组和ACEI/ARB组。ARNI临床常规使用起始剂量为50 mg,每天2次;根据患者血压及耐受情况,可逐步上调至最大剂量200 mg,每天2次;患者在连续接受ARNI治疗6个月及以上的情况下,分别在6、12、24和36个月时进行随访,随访截止时间为2024年12月31日。随访方式包括门诊、住院或电话联系;每次到院随访均会进行超声心动图和心电图检测,以评估左心室舒张功能。
由我院2名具备中级职称以上的超声科医师使用飞利浦iE33超声仪完成超声心动图检查(心脏探头型号为S5-1,频率2~5 MHz)。使用M型超声测量左心房内径、左心室内径、左心室后壁厚度、室间隔厚度,左心室射血分数及左心室短轴缩短率等指标;使用脉冲波多普勒技术测量二尖瓣口舒张期血流的E峰和A峰,计算E/A比值;使用组织多普勒成像测量二尖瓣环室间隔部位舒张早期峰值速度(室间隔e’)、二尖瓣环侧壁部位舒张早期峰值速度(侧壁 e’)、E/e’等指标;并依据2016年美国超声心动图学会和欧洲心血管成像协会的标准评估左心室舒张功能[9]。若满足以下4项条件中的任意3项及以上即可诊断为LVDD:①E/e’>14;②二尖瓣环e’速度(室间隔 e’<7 cm/s或侧壁e’<10 cm/s);③三尖瓣反流速度(tricuspid regurgitation velocity,TRV)>2.8 m/s;④左心房容积指数(left atrial volume index,LAVI)>34 mL/m²。
①所有患者需至少完成1次完整的随访检查,确保数据完整性。②对合并糖尿病或肾功能不全的患者,需重点关注血压控制(目标值120~129/70~79 mmHg)、电解质平衡及药物耐受性。③强调规范用药的重要性,避免自行停药、调整降压药物或降压药物剂量。
本研究使用R语言(v 4.3.2)进行统计分析。对于符合正态分布的计量资料,采用x¯±s表示。组内比较采用配对样本t检验,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;对于不符合正态分布的计量资料,采用M(P25,P75)表示,同一组内治疗前后比较采用配对Wilcoxon符号秩和检验,2组间治疗后比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验,总样本量小于40例或者理论频数不符合χ2检验的数据采用Fisher确切概率检验。数据缺失小于20%的情况下,采用多重插补法进行数据处理,设定插补次数为5次。
倾向性评分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM)以性别、年龄、身高、体质量、体质指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、收缩压、舒张压、糖尿病、冠心病、血清肌酐、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、服用β-受体阻滞剂、服用钙通道阻滞剂等作为变量,按1∶1最邻近匹配法进行匹配,卡钳值为0.02。通过绘制匹配前后的Kaplan-Meier曲线,Log-rank比较2组患者在LVDD发生率方面的差异。采用协方差分析调整基线差异。筛选自变量的策略步骤如下:对临床重要性指标(性别、年龄、身高、体质量、体质指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、收缩压、舒张压、糖尿病、冠心病、服用β-受体阻滞剂、服用钙通道阻滞剂、检验指标、超声心动图各指标等)进行单因素Logistic回归分析,筛选出与LVDD相关的变量(P<0.2);排除方差膨胀因子>5的变量,降低多重共线性的影响;采用逐步回归分析(双向)进一步筛选变量,以最小化信息准则为目标优化模型。所有统计检验采用双侧检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
本研究共纳入517例HHD患者,其中ARNI组117例,ACEI/ARB组400例。经过1∶1 PSM(卡钳值=0.02)后,ARNI组与ACEI/ARB组各匹配89例患者。在PSM前,2组患者在性别、体质指数、舒张压、服用钙通道阻滞剂、冠心病、血清肌酐和谷草转氨酶等基线特征上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,表1);经PSM后,除舒张压仍存在组间差异(P=0.012)外,其余基线资料差异均无统计学意义(表1)。
本研究的中位随访时间为412(309,736)d,经PSM后中位随访时间为409(300,729)d。采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析,结果显示,PSM前后ARNI组的LVDD发生率均低于ACEI/ARB组(P<0.05,图1)。
治疗前,ARNI组的LAVI高于ACEI/ARB组(P<0.05),但采用协方差分析调整基线差异后,2组治疗后的LAVI差异无统计学意义(P=0.425)。此外,治疗前2组的侧壁e’差异无统计学意义,采用Mann-Whitney U检验分析后,结果显示,治疗后ARNI组的侧壁 e’低于ACEI/ARB组(P<0.001,表2)。
治疗前ARNI组的室间隔厚度高于ACEI/ARB组、左心室射血分数高于ACEI/ARB组(P<0.05,表3),但采用协方差分析调整基线差异后,治疗后2组的室间隔厚度、左心室射血分数差异均无统计学意义。此外,治疗前ARNI组的左心室后壁厚度与ACEI/ARB组比较,差异无统计学意义,采用Mann-Whitney U检验分析后结果显示,治疗后ARNI组的左心室后壁厚度低于ACEI/ARB组(P=0.048,表3)。
通过多因素Logistic回归分析筛选LVDD的独立危险因素,ARNI组与ACEI/ARB组作为核心变量强制纳入模型。结果显示,多因素Logistic回归模型的Akaike信息准则为1 312;年龄增加(OR=1.082,P<0.001)、收缩压升高(OR=1.009,P=0.005)、左心室后壁厚度增加(OR=1.462,P<0.001)、左心房内径扩大(OR=1.081,P<0.001)及服用钙通道阻滞剂(OR=1.548,P=0.006)是LVDD的独立危险因素,与LVDD的风险增加呈正相关(表4);而男性(OR=0.709,P=0.043)、体质指数(OR=0.933,P=0.006)则为保护性因素,与LVDD的风险增加呈负相关。
经PSM后,ARNI组与ACEI/ARB组基线数据达到均衡,因此只纳入ARNI组与ACEI/ARB组进行单因素Logistic回归分析(以ACEI/ARB组为参照组)。结果显示ARNI与LVDD的发生风险呈负相关(β=-0.304,OR=0.738,95%CI:0.454~1.200),但差异无统计学意义(P=0.220)。
长期的血压升高通过血流动力学变化、炎症反应、心肌缺血、氧化应激以及心肌代谢方面等多种病理生理机制共同导致HHD的发生[10]。HHD主要表现为心脏结构的改变(包括左心房扩大、左心室肥厚和心肌纤维化)和功能异常(包括左心室收缩功能障碍和舒张功能障碍)[11-12]。若HHD未能通过有效干预,可能进一步显著增加心力衰竭和AF等心血管不良事件的发生风险。因此,对于HHD患者采取更有效的治疗方案,以改善心脏功能和降低心血管不良事件的发生风险,具有十分重要的临床意义。
本研究表明,ARNI组的LVDD发生率低于ACEI/ARB组,可能与ARNI的独特双通道作用机制密切相关。一方面,沙库巴曲通过抑制脑啡肽酶延缓利钠肽的降解,增强利钠肽介导的血管舒张和抗心肌纤维化等作用;利钠肽水平升高还可促进利尿排钠和减少醛固酮分泌,从而调节容量负荷,改善心室充盈压与舒张期顺应性;另一方面,缬沙坦可选择性阻断血管紧张素Ⅱ的1型受体,抑制RAAS活性,减轻氧化应激、炎症反应及心室重塑[13]。此外,研究表明,ARNI也可改善射血分数降低型心力衰竭患者的心脏结构和功能(包括左心房内径、左心室内径、左心室射血分数)[14],这与本研究的部分结果一致。因此,相较于单一靶点的ACEI/ARB治疗,ARNI的多靶点干预可能更有效地预防或延缓LVDD的进展,减少心血管事件的发生风险。
LVDD不仅是HHD患者心脏功能受损的重要标志,更是临床进展为心力衰竭的关键环节和发生各种房性心律失常(包括AF)的相关基础。在心脏结构方面,左心室重构的类型与心力衰竭的临床表型密切相关,失代偿期的左心室壁向心性肥厚多表现为射血分数保留型心力衰竭,而失代偿期的左心室扩张则表现为射血分数降低型心力衰竭[1,15]。本研究显示,ARNI可能通过减少左心室后壁厚度,改善心室重塑,降低LVDD的发生风险。其次,在血流动力学方面,LVDD可引起左心房压力升高,导致左心房进一步扩大及心肌纤维化,从而增加AF的发生风险[16]。此外,血压升高与心律失常的发生率存在显著关联,一项荟萃分析表明,无论是收缩压还是舒张压,即使处于正常范围内,血压升高与AF发生风险的增加相关[17]。值得注意的是,目前针对HT患者的抗HT药物在AF的一级预防仍缺乏高质量随机对照试验证据。有研究表明,通过动态血压及动态心电图监测,可以预防AF的发生风险,从而更有利于在HHD患者中预防AF的发生[18-19]。
在联合用药方面,ARNI与β-受体阻滞剂的联合治疗可能对HHD患者产生心脏协同保护效应。ARNI可调节利钠肽水平和抑制RAAS活性;β-受体阻滞剂则可有效抑制心脏交感神经系统的过度激活,降低心肌耗氧量并改善心脏舒张功能,因此,二者联合可能降低心力衰竭和AF的发生风险。在血压控制方面,对于绝大多数HT患者,在能够耐受的情况下,应将血压降至目标值130/80 mmHg以下[20];通过有效的降压治疗,可能进一步延缓HHD的疾病进展,减少心血管不良事件的发生风险。在心力衰竭的治疗方面,已有研究表明,ARNI可能在以下3类患者中更具有临床优势:射血分数降低型心力衰竭(左心室射血分数<40%)、女性合并心力衰竭、老年HT合并心力衰竭的患者[21-23]。老年HT合并心力衰竭的患者因水钠潴留引起容量负荷过重、心室壁顺应性降低及左心室充盈压升高,从而导致LVDD的病情进展[24];ARNI可通过提升利钠肽水平有效减轻循环容量负荷,改善左心室顺应性。此外,PARADISE-MI试验结果表明,在急性心肌梗死患者中,虽然与雷米普利比较,ARNI未能显著降低主要复合终点(心血管死亡或心衰住院)的发生率,但其可能通过改善冠脉微循环,提高心肌对缺血的耐受性,进一步发挥对心脏的保护作用[25]。
本研究仍存在一定的局限性。首先,本研究采用回顾性队列研究,可能受到选择偏倚和信息偏倚的影响,且由于数据是从既往病例中提取的,可能无法完全控制潜在的混杂因素;其次,对HHD患者进行心力衰竭、AF等不良心血管事件的随访往往需要较长的时间,短期的随访可能无法捕捉到这些事件的发生,在未来研究中尽可能延长随访时间。此外,本研究的样本量相对较小,可能影响统计显著性和结果的普遍适用性,因此需要在更大规模的前瞻性研究中进行验证。
综上所述,本研究通过PSM的回顾性队列研究分析表明,在HHD患者中,ARNI在降低LVDD发生率方面优于ACEI/ARB,且治疗后的左心室后壁厚度及侧壁e’低于ACEI/ARB组。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步显示,年龄增加、收缩压升高、左心室后壁厚度增加、左心房扩大及钙通道阻滞剂使用为LVDD独立危险因素;而男性与体质指数则是LVDD的保护因素,与LVDD发生风险呈负相关。本研究为优化ARNI在HHD患者中的治疗策略提供了理论支持,并为未来HHD患者的个体化干预及高危人群管理奠定了基础。

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2025年第47卷第11期
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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501071
  • 接收时间:2025-01-24
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2025-06-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-24
  • 修回日期:2025-03-28
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    1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):第一附属医院心血管内科,代谢生物钟与心血管疾病中心,重庆
    2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):生物医学工程与影像医学系,重庆

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
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红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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