Article(id=1322935006674428815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322934685818564977, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412094, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1734537600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-19, revisedDate=1735228800000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341884534, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1743264000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341884534, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341884534, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341884534, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322934685818564977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='6', pageStart='489', pageEnd='628', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1743264000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341808037, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793341808037, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=531, endPage=538, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322935008276652948, articleId=1322935006674428815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial function changes in early spontaneously hypertensive rats: a study based on longitudinal layer-specific strain, columnId=1320434418116837551, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Basic Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective‍

To evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial function in early spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with layer-specific global longitudinal strain (GLS).

Methods‍

A total of 45 male SHR aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into control group (normal saline), dapagliflozin group [1 mg/(kg·day)], and losartan group [10 mg/(kg·day)]. Fifteen male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at same age with normal blood pressure were subjected and served as blank control group. During 8 weeks of intervention, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured, and conventional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) were performed and the results were collected to acquire the longitudinal strain of each layer of left ventricular (LV) myocardium. The parameters were compared among the groups. The pathological changes of myocardium were observed in each group of rats.

Results‍

Compared with the WKY group, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fraction shortening (LVFS) at week 8 were decreased in the control group (P<0.05), but no such decreases were observed in the dapagliflozin group and the losartan group. The GLS of endo-myocardium (GLSendo) at the 6th week was decreased, and GLSendo, GLSmid and GLSepi at the 8th week were all decreased in the control group than the WKY group (all P<0.05). But there were no statistical differences in the above 3 indicators in the dapagliflozin and losartan groups when compared with the WKY group (all P>0.05). The pathological results showed that myocardial interstitial fibrosis was observed in the control group at the 6th week.

Conclusion‍

Dapagliflozin can effectively improve myocardial function in early SHR.

, authors=Xuemei CHEN, Jun ZHANG, Xin LI, Ran YAO, Deng LIU, Jiang FENG, Lin TAN, Yanli GUO, authorsList=Xuemei CHEN, Jun ZHANG, Xin LI, Ran YAO, Deng LIU, Jiang FENG, Lin TAN, Yanli GUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yanli GUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322935012546454427, articleId=1322935006674428815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变评价达格列净干预早期自发性高血压大鼠心肌功能变化, columnId=1322185528879993170, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=基础医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变参数评估达格列净对早期自发性高血压大鼠 (spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR) 心肌功能的作用。

方法

将45只6周龄大小的雄性SHR随机分为3组(n=15):对照组、达格列净组以及氯沙坦组,达格列净组、氯沙坦组分别以达格列净1 mg/kg、氯沙坦10 mg/kg每天给药喂养连续8周,对照组以等量的生理盐水喂养;同周龄的正常血压雄性Wistar京都大鼠(wistar-kyoto rat,WKY)15只作为空白对照组(WKY组)。每2周对各组行尾动脉收缩压测量、常规超声心动图和二维斑点追踪图像采集及分析,获取左心室心肌各层纵向应变,比较各组参数差异,观察大鼠心肌病理改变。

结果

与WKY组相比,第8周时,对照组左室收缩功能参数左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(left ventricular fraction shortening,LVFS)均下降(P<0.05),而达格列净组及氯沙坦组LVEF、LVFS无明显下降。与WKY组相比,在第6周时对照组的心内膜下心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of endo-myocardium,GLSendo)已出现下降(P<0.05);第8周时,对照组的GLSendo、中层心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of mid-myocardium,GLSmid)及心外膜下心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of epi-myocardium,GLSepi)均下降(P<0.05);而达格列净组、氯沙坦组的纵向分层应变参数较WKY组均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。病理结果进一步证实,实验第6周时,对照组已出现心肌间质纤维化。

结论

达格列净可有效改善早期SHR的心肌功能。

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郭燕丽,E-mail:
GUO Yanli,E-mail:
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Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol,2016,4(3):211-220., articleTitle=Blood pressure and glycaemic effects of dapagliflozin versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes on combination antihypertensive therapy:a randomised,double-blind,placebo-controlled,phase 3 study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322935033044017166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, doi=10.1152/ajpcell.00351.2023, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=326, issue=6, pageStart=C1573, pageEnd=C1589, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=31, authorNames=CASTRO P C, SANTOS-RIOS T M, MARTINS F L, journalName=Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CASTRO P C,SANTOS-RIOS T M,MARTINS F L,et al. Renal upregulation of NCC counteracts empagliflozin-mediated NHE3 inhibition in normotensive but not in hypertensive male rat[J]. 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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,2018,314(3):F412-F422., articleTitle=Dapagliflozin in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis:a combined human-rodent pilot study, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322935013829911452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322935014161261469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, companyId=1322935013829911452, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Ultrasonography,First Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322935014173844382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, companyId=1322935013829911452, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院超声科,重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322935023866880986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=2vnr/0XXrkWw+8IvIgXHQA==, figureFileBig=xDV+L3QOkj570xP9rh+2IQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322935023938184155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=CN, label=图1, caption=WKY组(A)、对照组(B)、氯沙坦组(C)和达格列净组(D)大鼠实验第6周左心室各层心肌纵向应变图, figureFileSmall=2vnr/0XXrkWw+8IvIgXHQA==, figureFileBig=xDV+L3QOkj570xP9rh+2IQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322935025771095004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=Er9JmHK4rVKwyzi+Q+WIdg==, figureFileBig=eGzEGx5AlmskQExKejYICg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322935025846592479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠实验第6周心肌 Masson染色结果 (n=3,x¯±s)

a:P<0.05,与WKY组比较;b:P<0.05,与对照组比较A:各组大鼠实验第6周心肌组织Masson染色观察;B:各组大鼠实验第6周心内膜下心肌CVF;C:各组大鼠实验第6周心外膜下心肌CVF

, figureFileSmall=Er9JmHK4rVKwyzi+Q+WIdg==, figureFileBig=eGzEGx5AlmskQExKejYICg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322935025947255776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周SBP113.50±10.21196.50±8.83a171.67±16.86ab183.17±8.93a58.775<0.001
第4周SBP112.83±5.78190.00±4.90a138.50±13.90ab169.00±12.20abc69.085<0.001
第6周SBP115.00±6.81201.17±18.49a140.50±16.20ab158.83±13.41abc38.074<0.001
第8周SBP114.00±11.28213.67±15.45a123.83±13.00b147.00±14.01abc66.108<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935026022753249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各实验组大鼠尾动脉SBP比较 (n=6,mmHg,x¯±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周SBP113.50±10.21196.50±8.83a171.67±16.86ab183.17±8.93a58.775<0.001
第4周SBP112.83±5.78190.00±4.90a138.50±13.90ab169.00±12.20abc69.085<0.001
第6周SBP115.00±6.81201.17±18.49a140.50±16.20ab158.83±13.41abc38.074<0.001
第8周SBP114.00±11.28213.67±15.45a123.83±13.00b147.00±14.01abc66.108<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935026094056418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周
LVDd5.91±0.265.98±0.375.94±0.365.80±0.250.2560.856
IVSd1.51±0.131.53±0.081.51±0.061.48±0.080.2630.851
LVPWd1.53±0.121.49±0.071.45±0.081.48±0.070.8410.488
第4周
LVDd6.38±0.306.44±0.156.17±0.336.28±0.360.4930.691
IVSd1.58±0.041.80±0.06a1.78±0.07a1.74±0.12a10.100<0.001
LVPWd1.54±0.091.73±0.11a1.67±0.08a1.73±0.09a6.3950.003
第6周
LVDd6.84±0.196.66±0.296.47±0.326.54±0.162.5960.081
IVSd1.56±0.041.95±0.08a1.65±0.04ab1.63±0.06ab56.355<0.001
LVPWd1.56±0.051.95±0.07a1.64±0.04ab1.64±0.05ab60.594<0.001
第8周
LVDd6.77±0.286.57±0.406.47±0.316.49±0.350.9530.434
IVSd1.54±0.072.05±0.07a1.62±0.10b1.56±0.05b58.983<0.001
LVPWd1.58±0.062.04±0.09a1.60±0.12b1.61±0.07b38.911<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935026312160227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各实验组大鼠常规超声心动图常规参数比较 (n=6,mm,x¯±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周
LVDd5.91±0.265.98±0.375.94±0.365.80±0.250.2560.856
IVSd1.51±0.131.53±0.081.51±0.061.48±0.080.2630.851
LVPWd1.53±0.121.49±0.071.45±0.081.48±0.070.8410.488
第4周
LVDd6.38±0.306.44±0.156.17±0.336.28±0.360.4930.691
IVSd1.58±0.041.80±0.06a1.78±0.07a1.74±0.12a10.100<0.001
LVPWd1.54±0.091.73±0.11a1.67±0.08a1.73±0.09a6.3950.003
第6周
LVDd6.84±0.196.66±0.296.47±0.326.54±0.162.5960.081
IVSd1.56±0.041.95±0.08a1.65±0.04ab1.63±0.06ab56.355<0.001
LVPWd1.56±0.051.95±0.07a1.64±0.04ab1.64±0.05ab60.594<0.001
第8周
LVDd6.77±0.286.57±0.406.47±0.316.49±0.350.9530.434
IVSd1.54±0.072.05±0.07a1.62±0.10b1.56±0.05b58.983<0.001
LVPWd1.58±0.062.04±0.09a1.60±0.12b1.61±0.07b38.911<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935026437989348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周
LVEF79.79±2.0980.51±2.2280.57±1.8279.70±1.530.4430.725
LVFS49.24±2.2150.05±2.2550.03±1.9149.12±1.580.4440.724
第4周
LVEF80.48±1.9579.82±0.7479.86±1.6780.85±0.800.7630.528
LVFS50.12±2.2149.43±0.7849.40±1.7150.43±0.770.6970.565
第6周
LVEF80.11±0.6679.30±1.4880.04±0.7580.03±1.230.7330.544
LVFS49.96±0.7049.17±1.4949.70±0.7149.74±1.270.5600.648
第8周
LVEF80.40±1.4576.33±2.37a80.88±0.75b80.10±1.24b10.662<0.001
LVFS50.22±1.6246.12±2.41a50.59±0.73b49.80±1.23b0.783<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935026735784933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各实验组大鼠常规超声心动图左室收缩功能参数比较 (n=6,%,x¯±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周
LVEF79.79±2.0980.51±2.2280.57±1.8279.70±1.530.4430.725
LVFS49.24±2.2150.05±2.2550.03±1.9149.12±1.580.4440.724
第4周
LVEF80.48±1.9579.82±0.7479.86±1.6780.85±0.800.7630.528
LVFS50.12±2.2149.43±0.7849.40±1.7150.43±0.770.6970.565
第6周
LVEF80.11±0.6679.30±1.4880.04±0.7580.03±1.230.7330.544
LVFS49.96±0.7049.17±1.4949.70±0.7149.74±1.270.5600.648
第8周
LVEF80.40±1.4576.33±2.37a80.88±0.75b80.10±1.24b10.662<0.001
LVFS50.22±1.6246.12±2.41a50.59±0.73b49.80±1.23b0.783<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935026828059622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周
GLSendo-28.07±2.39-28.62±1.21-28.55±1.27-28.15±1.840.1520.927
GLSmid-20.50±1.40-20.37±0.79-20.53±1.07-20.22±1.070.1020.958
GLSepi-14.30±0.97-14.03±0.99-14.15±1.67-14.28±0.760.0710.975
第4周
GLSendo-28.45±2.57-28.35±2.18-28.50±1.88-27.92±1.880.0920.964
GLSmid-20.78±1.15-20.52±0.71-20.55±1.14-20.30±0.770.2530.858
GLSepi-14.72±1.60-13.93±0.79-14.13±1.36-14.08±1.600.3740.871
第6周
GLSendo-28.82±1.84-24.97±1.52a-28.25±1.26b-28.12±3.14b3.2530.043
GLSmid-20.53±0.80-19.03±1.43-20.55±0.97-20.72±1.392.2220.117
GLSepi-14.02±1.79-14.07±1.56-14.03±1.37-14.60±0.630.2140.885
第8周
GLSendo-28.07±1.20-23.98±3.33a-28.07±3.08b-28.08±3.01b3.4140.037
GLSmid-20.33±0.73-16.33±1.37a-20.20±1.65b-20.25±1.81b11.017<0.001
GLSepi-13.98±1.25-10.12±1.26a-13.97±1.30b-13.85±1.17b14.018<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322935027176186855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322935006674428815, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各实验组大鼠左心室各层心肌整体纵向分层应变比较 (n=6,%,x¯±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量WKY组对照组氯沙坦组达格列净组FP
第2周
GLSendo-28.07±2.39-28.62±1.21-28.55±1.27-28.15±1.840.1520.927
GLSmid-20.50±1.40-20.37±0.79-20.53±1.07-20.22±1.070.1020.958
GLSepi-14.30±0.97-14.03±0.99-14.15±1.67-14.28±0.760.0710.975
第4周
GLSendo-28.45±2.57-28.35±2.18-28.50±1.88-27.92±1.880.0920.964
GLSmid-20.78±1.15-20.52±0.71-20.55±1.14-20.30±0.770.2530.858
GLSepi-14.72±1.60-13.93±0.79-14.13±1.36-14.08±1.600.3740.871
第6周
GLSendo-28.82±1.84-24.97±1.52a-28.25±1.26b-28.12±3.14b3.2530.043
GLSmid-20.53±0.80-19.03±1.43-20.55±0.97-20.72±1.392.2220.117
GLSepi-14.02±1.79-14.07±1.56-14.03±1.37-14.60±0.630.2140.885
第8周
GLSendo-28.07±1.20-23.98±3.33a-28.07±3.08b-28.08±3.01b3.4140.037
GLSmid-20.33±0.73-16.33±1.37a-20.20±1.65b-20.25±1.81b11.017<0.001
GLSepi-13.98±1.25-10.12±1.26a-13.97±1.30b-13.85±1.17b14.018<0.001
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基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变评价达格列净干预早期自发性高血压大鼠心肌功能变化
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陈雪梅 , 张君 , 李欣 , 姚冉 , 刘灯 , 冯江 , 谭琳 , 郭燕丽
陆军军医大学学报 | 基础医学 2025,47(6): 531-538
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陆军军医大学学报 |基础医学 2025 , 47 (6) : 531 -538
基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变评价达格列净干预早期自发性高血压大鼠心肌功能变化
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陈雪梅, 张君, 李欣, 姚冉, 刘灯, 冯江, 谭琳, 郭燕丽
作者信息
  • 1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院超声科,重庆
通讯作者:
郭燕丽,E-mail:
GUO Yanli,E-mail:
Effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial function changes in early spontaneously hypertensive rats: a study based on longitudinal layer-specific strain
Xuemei CHEN, Jun ZHANG, Xin LI, Ran YAO, Deng LIU, Jiang FENG, Lin TAN, Yanli GUO
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Ultrasonography,First Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
出版时间: 2025-03-30 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412094
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目的

基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变参数评估达格列净对早期自发性高血压大鼠 (spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR) 心肌功能的作用。

方法

将45只6周龄大小的雄性SHR随机分为3组(n=15):对照组、达格列净组以及氯沙坦组,达格列净组、氯沙坦组分别以达格列净1 mg/kg、氯沙坦10 mg/kg每天给药喂养连续8周,对照组以等量的生理盐水喂养;同周龄的正常血压雄性Wistar京都大鼠(wistar-kyoto rat,WKY)15只作为空白对照组(WKY组)。每2周对各组行尾动脉收缩压测量、常规超声心动图和二维斑点追踪图像采集及分析,获取左心室心肌各层纵向应变,比较各组参数差异,观察大鼠心肌病理改变。

结果

与WKY组相比,第8周时,对照组左室收缩功能参数左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(left ventricular fraction shortening,LVFS)均下降(P<0.05),而达格列净组及氯沙坦组LVEF、LVFS无明显下降。与WKY组相比,在第6周时对照组的心内膜下心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of endo-myocardium,GLSendo)已出现下降(P<0.05);第8周时,对照组的GLSendo、中层心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of mid-myocardium,GLSmid)及心外膜下心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of epi-myocardium,GLSepi)均下降(P<0.05);而达格列净组、氯沙坦组的纵向分层应变参数较WKY组均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。病理结果进一步证实,实验第6周时,对照组已出现心肌间质纤维化。

结论

达格列净可有效改善早期SHR的心肌功能。

高血压  /  超声心动描记术  /  斑点追踪  /  左心室功能  /  达格列净
Objective‍

To evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial function in early spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with layer-specific global longitudinal strain (GLS).

Methods‍

A total of 45 male SHR aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into control group (normal saline), dapagliflozin group [1 mg/(kg·day)], and losartan group [10 mg/(kg·day)]. Fifteen male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at same age with normal blood pressure were subjected and served as blank control group. During 8 weeks of intervention, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured, and conventional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) were performed and the results were collected to acquire the longitudinal strain of each layer of left ventricular (LV) myocardium. The parameters were compared among the groups. The pathological changes of myocardium were observed in each group of rats.

Results‍

Compared with the WKY group, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fraction shortening (LVFS) at week 8 were decreased in the control group (P<0.05), but no such decreases were observed in the dapagliflozin group and the losartan group. The GLS of endo-myocardium (GLSendo) at the 6th week was decreased, and GLSendo, GLSmid and GLSepi at the 8th week were all decreased in the control group than the WKY group (all P<0.05). But there were no statistical differences in the above 3 indicators in the dapagliflozin and losartan groups when compared with the WKY group (all P>0.05). The pathological results showed that myocardial interstitial fibrosis was observed in the control group at the 6th week.

Conclusion‍

Dapagliflozin can effectively improve myocardial function in early SHR.

hypertension  /  echocardiography  /  spot tracking  /  left ventricular function  /  dapagliflozin
陈雪梅, 张君, 李欣, 姚冉, 刘灯, 冯江, 谭琳, 郭燕丽. 基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变评价达格列净干预早期自发性高血压大鼠心肌功能变化. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (6) : 531 -538 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412094
Xuemei CHEN, Jun ZHANG, Xin LI, Ran YAO, Deng LIU, Jiang FENG, Lin TAN, Yanli GUO. Effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial function changes in early spontaneously hypertensive rats: a study based on longitudinal layer-specific strain[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (6) : 531 -538 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412094
高血压是全球最常见慢性病之一,是心血管疾病发病和死亡的主要风险因素[1-3],近年来我国成人高血压患病率总体呈增高的趋势[4]。由于动脉血压的持续升高,神经激素调节、炎症、氧化应激等因素影响,高血压患者在早期阶段即可出现心肌纤维化及心肌功能的改变[5-7],因此早期检出心肌受损,提前采取干预措施,将有助于降低心血管疾病的整体风险。目前临床多应用常规超声心动图测量左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)作为评价心脏收缩功能的主要指标,但其难以早期诊断心肌受损。已经有研究证实,建立在二维斑点追踪技术(two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging,2D-STI)基础上的整体纵向分层应变可进一步量化左心室三层心肌(心内膜、中层及心外膜)的心肌应变,能在早期精确评估各层心肌功能,对左心室早期收缩功能障碍和心肌受损的检测优于常规指标LVEF[8-11]。
达格列净作为一种钠-葡萄糖共转运体2(sodium-glucose cotransporter-2,SGLT2)抑制剂,目前广泛用于2型糖尿病的治疗。研究表明在2型糖尿病合并高血压的病例中,SGLT2抑制剂可使血压下降,显著降低心血管疾病风险[12-13];同时,达格列净对心衰患者有改善作用,在最新指南中被推荐作为全射血分数心力衰竭以及高血压合并心衰患者的治疗药物[2,14-15],但目前达格列净对早期独立高血压心肌功能的干预效果尚需进一步明确和研究。因此,本研究采用基于二维斑点追踪技术的整体纵向分层应变参数评估早期自发性高血压大鼠左心室三层心肌应变功能的动态变化规律;同时动态评估应用达格列净后左心室心肌功能的变化规律,并与传统降压药物氯沙坦进行比较,为临床达格列净的应用提供研究基础。
5周龄SPF级雄性自发性高血压大鼠 (spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR) 45只[体质量(106.50±6.22)g],及同周龄的正常血压雄性Wistar京都大鼠(wistar-kyoto rat,WKY)15只[体质量(103.77±6.70)g],均购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,5周龄SHR大鼠经验证血压[(141±14.93) mmHg]均明显高于WKY大鼠(97.17±10.61 mmHg,P<0.05);适应性饲养1周后,将累计6周龄大小的SHR采用随机数字表法分为3组(n=15):对照组、达格列净组以及氯沙坦组,其中达格列净组、氯沙坦组分别以达格列净1 mg/kg、氯沙坦10 mg/kg,每天给药连续喂养8周[16],对照组以等量的生理盐水喂养;空白对照组,为正常血压的WKY大鼠(WKY组,n=15)。所有大鼠均饲养于陆军军医大学第一附属医院SPF级动物实验中心,12 h/12 h昼夜明暗交替,恒温、恒湿条件下自由进食、饮水。本研究通过陆军军医大学实验动物福利伦理审查委员会批准(AMUWEC20232974),涉及动物处理的程序符合实验动物护理机构的指南。
采用智能无创血压计BP-98A(软隆,中国)鼠尾测压,待大鼠适应环境,先进行适应性血压测定训练,正式测量时,将大鼠固定在保温容器中,露出尾巴,待大鼠稳定后,于清醒状态下测量大鼠尾动脉的收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP),连续测量3次稳定状态下的值,每2周测定1次,结果取平均值。
采用Vevo 2100超高分辨率小动物超声成像系统(富士,加拿大)与MS400线阵探头进行经胸超声心动图图像采集。将大鼠以仰卧位姿势固定于检查台,连接心电图,以浓度为1%~2%、流量为0.6~1.0 L/min的异氟烷维持麻醉,维持350∼400 次/min的心率和自主呼吸。由1名具有5年以上工作经验的超声科医师于大鼠胸骨旁短轴切面乳头肌水平采用 M 型超声测量左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,LVDd)、舒张末期室间隔厚度(interventricular septum thickness at end-diastole,IVSd)、舒张末期左室后壁厚度(left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole,LVPWd),并计算左室射血分数LVEF、左室短轴缩短率(left ventricular fraction shortening,LVFS)。对以上各参数均测量3次,取平均值。每2周测定1次。
常规超声心动图图像采集后,于胸骨旁采集并存储静息状态下至少连续5个心动周期的左心室长轴切面动态图像。随后将动态图像导入Tomtec 工作站(飞利浦,美国)离线进行分析,手动勾画舒张末期、收缩末期的左心室心肌心内膜和心外膜边界,软件自动跟踪心肌各层运动轮廓,生成心内膜下心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of endo-myocardium,GLSendo)、中层心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of mid-myocardium,GLSmid)及心外膜下心肌整体纵向应变(global longitudinal strain of epi-myocardium,GLSepi)。对以上参数各测量3次,每2周测定1次,结果取平均值。
分别于实验第2、4、6、8周结束超声检查后,每组随机处死3只大鼠,开胸摘取心脏、甲醛固定,行Masson染色,评估各组大鼠心脏组织纤维化程度;使用Image J软件对心肌纤维化进行定量分析,计算心肌组织胶原容积分数(collagen volume fraction,CVF),CVF=心肌胶原面积÷总染色心肌面积×100%。
采 用 SPSS 26.0统计软件进行分析。满足正态分布的计量资料以x¯±s表示,采用单因素方差分析比较各组间的差异,并采用LSD法检验进一步对差异进行两两比较。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
与WKY组相比,对照组大鼠血压增高,并且随着周龄的增长进行性增高(P <0.05)。与对照组相比,氯沙坦组第2周血压开始下降(P<0.05);第8周时,血压降低至正常水平,与WKY组差异无统计学意义。达格列净组第4周时较对照组血压轻度下降(P <0.05),第6、8周进一步显著下降(P <0.05),但仍高于同期的氯沙坦组及WKY组(P<0.05),见表1。
与WKY组相比,在实验第4周时,对照组的IVSd、LVPWd开始增厚,并随周龄增长进一步增厚(P<0.05);达格列净组、氯沙坦组治疗8周后,IVSd、LVPWd较对照组降低(P <0.05),并且与WKY组差异无统计学意义;各周各组间LVDd差异均无统计学意义,见表2。实验前6周,各组间LVEF、LVFS差异均无统计学意义;第8周时,对照组的LVEF、LVFS较WKY组下降(P<0.05);而达格列净组、氯沙坦组较WKY组均无明显下降,见表3。
实验前4周,各组间纵向分层应变参数GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi差异均无统计学意义。在第6周时,对照组的GLSendo较WKY组明显降低(P<0.05),GLSmid也稍有下降(图1);实验第8周时,对照组的GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi较其他3组均明显下降(P <0.05),达格列净组、氯沙坦组的 GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi与WKY组相比差异均无统计学意义,见表4。
实验前4周,各组心肌纤维化均不明显。对照组第6、8周时明显观察到心肌细胞胶原纤维沉积增加,且以心内膜下明显;而同期的达格列净组、氯沙坦组中心肌胶原纤维化均不明显(图2A)。定量分析中,相较于WKY组,对照组第6周心肌纤维化面积增加,CVF升高,且心内膜下尤为明显 (P<0.05),而同期达格列净组、氯沙坦组的CVF较WKY组变化不明显(图2B、C)。
高血压是全球范围内导致心血管疾病死亡和健康寿命损失的主要危险因素,在《2019年全球心血管疾病负担和危险因素》研究中,高血压被列为1990-2019年导致心血管疾病的首要危险因素[17]。高血压心脏改变由心肌改变和心脏结构、功能改变组成,包括心肌纤维化和心室、动脉的重构[5];心脏纤维化破坏心肌结构,进而导致心肌紊乱、心室僵硬,引起心室和心房的收缩、舒张功能障碍[5,18-19],后期进一步发展增加了心力衰竭、心房颤动、心源性猝死等不良心血管事件的风险[1-2,18]。因此,早期诊断和评估高血压心肌变化规律尤为重要,有利于临床早期干预心肌损伤,降低心血管疾病的整体风险。
本研究中SHR大鼠在实验第6周时GLSendo明显降低,而此时LVEF、LVFS无明显下降;当实验第8周时,SHR大鼠GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi均明显下降,此时LVEF、LVFS才有所降低,提示临床常用的左心室收缩功能参数LVEF、LVFS值在左心室心肌功能出现明显恶化时才会降低,并非评估心肌受损早期首选指标。而常规超声心动图虽然在实验第4周时发现室间隔及左室后壁舒张末期厚度有增加,但此时病理结果显示心肌纤维化并不明显,因此也不能作为心肌受损的良好指标。综上表明常规超声心动图检查的指标难以早期检出心肌功能受损。
ISHIZU等[9]以Dahl 盐敏感大鼠观察盐敏感高血压心肌变化,发现心肌胶原的表达主要积累于心内膜下区,纤维化主要发生在心内膜下层,左室的纵向变形主要受心内膜下纤维化的影响。邢雨蒙等[20]发现冠状动脉慢血流患者左室心肌分层应变自心内膜向心外膜纵向应变逐层递减,且以心内膜下层受累为甚。本研究中应用二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变参数,发现高血压大鼠左室心肌GLSendo首先出现下降,而此时包括LVEF 、LVFS在内的常规超声心动图参数及GLSmid、GLSepi尚无明显变化,提示自发性高血压引起的心肌功能异常首先累及心内膜下层,这与前述研究结果[19-20]相符。这可能是由于心内膜层心肌距冠状动脉主干较远,且由末梢微小动脉供血[21],受血流动力学影响更敏感,心肌氧供应减少及心肌氧需求增加;同时,心内膜下心肌纤维以纵向走行为主,当心内膜下心肌受损时,主要累及纵向应变[22],所以心内膜下心肌整体纵向应变为检测早期高血压心肌功能异常最为敏感的指标。
CASTOLDI等[23]发现SGLT2抑制剂对AngⅡ依赖性高血压心脏病具有保护作用,可能是由于心肌交感神经活动和炎症的减少,并且独立于血压和血糖水平的调节;HE等[24]发现SGLT2i调节能量代谢和氧化应激,从而改善DSS大鼠发生高血压性心力衰竭。达格列净作为一种SGLT2抑制剂,本研究中达格列净治疗组的常规左室收缩指标及纵向分层应变参数均未出现明显的下降,提示达格列净干预可有效改善早期高血压大鼠的心肌功能,对心肌具有良好保护作用。同时,观察到达格列净治疗后收缩压有所降低,本研究达格列净治疗后血压虽较常规降压药物下降幅度较弱,但对比之前合并糖尿病的高血压患者、高血压心衰患者中使用SGLT2抑制剂治疗的临床研究降压幅度明显[25],分析可能是由于:合并其他慢性疾病的患者以及临床试验多用于晚期,降压难度高,降压效果不明显;而本研究中使用的6周龄SHR大鼠,早期药物干预可能带来的降压作用可能较临床研究更加明显,这也与已发表的相关动物实验结果[26-27]相符合。
本研究病理结果显示,随着周龄增长,SHR大鼠逐渐出现心肌间质纤维化,且纤维化病变以心内膜下血管周围组织最为显著;达格列净治疗组心肌纤维化不明显。这也合理验证了高血压应用纵向分层应变的GLSendo先出现下降,且达格列净对高血压早期心肌有较好的保护作用。
本研究的局限性:①本研究仅针对高血压大鼠早期模型,未涉及高血压晚期的心肌功能相关指标的进一步进展及达格列净对晚期高血压大鼠的心脏保护作用;②针对达格列净治疗,本研究采用的是常规治疗剂量,而未研究不同剂量对高血压心肌功能的影响差异性。
综上所述,基于二维斑点追踪技术的纵向分层应变参数可识别SHR早期心肌功能异常;达格列净治疗SHR可降低血压,减轻心肌纤维化,有效改善SHR早期的心肌功能。

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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412094
  • 接收时间:2024-12-19
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-03-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-19
  • 修回日期:2024-12-27
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    1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院超声科,重庆

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
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