Article(id=1322934510110778175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, issueId=1322934508630180057, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16016/j.2097-0927.202408059, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723651200000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-15, revisedDate=1729440000000, revisedDateStr=2024-10-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341766144, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1738166400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341766144, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341766144, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341766144, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322934508630180057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, year='2025', volume='47', issue='2', pageStart='101', pageEnd='192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1738166400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-30', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341765792, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793341765792, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=122, endPage=131, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322934512195347264, articleId=1322934510110778175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=EN, title=Screening and validation of tsRNAs associated with lung adenocarcinoma, columnId=1320434418116837551, journalTitle=Journal of Army Medical University, columnName=Basic Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective‍

To explore the roles of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in the oncogenesis and progression of lung adenocarcinoma by analyzing the differential expression of tsRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and the relationship between the expression levels of tsRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and the prognosis of patients in order to further screen and validate the tsRNAs associated with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods‍

The differential expression of tsRNAs between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues was analyzed based on the database of the Computational Medicine Center. The effects of tsRNAs expression levels on the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients were analyzed based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (TCGA-LUAD). The target genes were predicted based on TRFtarget2.0 and tRFTar databases. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed based on DAVID and KOBA KEGG online websites. The expression levels of target genes in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues were analyzed based on the University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal (UALCAN) database. In vitro cell proliferation,migration,and invasion assays were performed to investigate the biological functions of tRF-19-69M8LOJX in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Results‍

Compared with the normal tissues,tRF-19-69M8LOJX was up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues (log2FC=4.28,FDR<0.05). High expression level of tRF-19-69M8LOJX was associated with shorter progression-free survival (HR=1.565,95%CI=1.142-2.145,P=0.005). And its overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration (P<0.001),and invasion (P=0.009) of A549 cells,and up-regulated COL1A1 (P=0.002) and VCAN (P=0.022) significantly in the tRF-19-69M8LOJX overexpression cell model.

Conclusion‍

tRF-19-69M8LOJX is up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. And its high expression is closely associated with poor prognosis. The tsRNA may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of lung adenocarcinoma.

, authors=Chunli LU1, Yifan SHAN1, Weijia XIE1, Tingting XIA1, Ying XIANG1, Na WU1, Long WU1, Li BAI2, Yafei LI1, authorsList=Chunli LU, Yifan SHAN, Weijia XIE, Tingting XIA, Ying XIANG, Na WU, Long WU, Li BAI, Yafei LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yafei LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=© 2025 Journal of Army Medical University, copyrightOwner=Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322934514846147407, articleId=1322934510110778175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, language=CN, title=肺腺癌相关tsRNA的筛选和验证, columnId=1322185528879993170, journalTitle=陆军军医大学学报, columnName=基础医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

通过分析tsRNA在肺腺癌中的差异表达情况及其表达水平与患者预后的关系,进一步筛选并验证肺腺癌相关tsRNA,以了解其在肺腺癌发生和进展中的相关机制。

方法

基于计算医学中心数据库筛选出在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中差异表达的tsRNA;基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库分析tsRNA表达水平对肺腺癌患者预后的影响;基于TRFtarget2.0和tRFTar数据库预测靶基因;基于DAVID、KOBA KEGG在线网站进行基因本体论(Gene Ontology,GO)富集分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路分析;基于阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校癌症数据分析门户(the University of Alabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal,UALCAN)分析靶基因在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中的表达水平。采用增殖实验、迁移实验、侵袭实验验证tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌细胞中的生物学功能。

结果

与正常组织相比,tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌组织中表达上调(log2FC=4.28,FDR<0.05)。高表达水平的tRF-19-69M8LOJX预示着更短的无进展生存期(HR=1.565,95%CI=1.142~2.145,P=0.005);过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX促进A549细胞的增殖、迁移(P<0.001)和侵袭(P=0.009);COL1A1(P=0.002)和VCAN(P=0.022)在tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达细胞模型中显著上调。

结论

tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌组织的表达水平上调,与患者不良预后密切相关,可能在肺腺癌的发生发展中起着重要作用。

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李亚斐,E-mail:
LI Yafei,E-mail:
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Expression,function and mechanism of small noncoding RNA derived from transporter RNA in myocarditis[D]. Jinan:Shandong University,2022., articleTitle=Expression,function and mechanism of small noncoding RNA derived from transporter RNA in myocarditis, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322934515164914513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322934515177497426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, companyId=1322934515164914513, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Epidemiology,Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing, PLA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases,Second Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322934515185886035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, companyId=1322934515164914513, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学),军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322934516624532309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322934516632920918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, companyId=1322934516624532309, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Respiratory Diseases, PLA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases,Second Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322934516637115223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, companyId=1322934516624532309, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学),第二附属医院呼吸内科研究所,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322934519493436299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=jl8dZVXEloMwF+b+qzuEkQ==, figureFileBig=kJKt08vpuUdUDdqslkeuMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521116631948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图1, caption=在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中差异表达tsRNA的火山图

图中仅显示FDR<0.05的tsRNA,红点表示|log2FC|值≥2的tsRNA,蓝点表示|log2FC|值<2的tsRNA

, figureFileSmall=jl8dZVXEloMwF+b+qzuEkQ==, figureFileBig=kJKt08vpuUdUDdqslkeuMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521301181325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=c41u2cd1adSyterVE6SAoA==, figureFileBig=eE3ozWpK90qdtV0jnQexWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521376678798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图2, caption=tsRNA的Kaplan-Meier曲线

A:tRF-19-6SM83OJX的表达量与PFS的生存曲线;B:tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2的表达量与PFS的生存曲线;C:tRF-19-69M8LOJX的表达量与PFS的生存曲线;D:tRF-25-S3M8309NDJ的表达量与PFS的生存曲线;E:tRF-22-RPM830MMO的表达量与PFS的生存曲线

, figureFileSmall=c41u2cd1adSyterVE6SAoA==, figureFileBig=eE3ozWpK90qdtV0jnQexWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521427010447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=IAvxKeQU20WfqCA51FZ9Ww==, figureFileBig=YsWhZ52hMsHttHqlcwX/gw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521494119312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图3, caption=影响肺腺癌患者PFS的单、多因素Cox比例风险回归分析

A:影响肺腺癌患者PFS的单因素Cox比例风险回归分析;B:校正年龄、性别、分期、是否吸烟后,tRF-19-6SM83OJX、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2、tRF-19-69M8LOJX或tRF-22-RPM830MMO的表达量与PFS的关系;*表示为对应tsRNA高表达时的HR值和P值

, figureFileSmall=IAvxKeQU20WfqCA51FZ9Ww==, figureFileBig=YsWhZ52hMsHttHqlcwX/gw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521552839569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=apVB3Cuqzezfa1OuXrb+rg==, figureFileBig=JgLPoPnLFfkRDm/BWm+o8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521628337042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图4, caption=tsRNA的筛选流程, figureFileSmall=apVB3Cuqzezfa1OuXrb+rg==, figureFileBig=JgLPoPnLFfkRDm/BWm+o8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521720611731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=nShPw+uWq1WSpbvEaYVaNg==, figureFileBig=Yh+twzVW3aLPAabgtispRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521791914900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图5, caption=tRF-19-69M8LOJX在A549细胞中的生物学功能验证

A:tRF-19-69M8LOJX的mimics转染至A549细胞后的转染效率;B:A549细胞中tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达组和NC组的生长曲线;C:A549细胞中tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达组和NC组的迁移结果(结晶紫染色×100);D:A549细胞中tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达组和NC组的侵袭结果(结晶紫染色×100); a:P<0.05;b:P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=nShPw+uWq1WSpbvEaYVaNg==, figureFileBig=Yh+twzVW3aLPAabgtispRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521871606677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=DU8+o+RqQvq6r6W9fa8gnQ==, figureFileBig=8Ty4U6tq5Xwn7NtsmhouZg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934521947104150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图6, caption=tRF-19-69M8LOJX的预测靶基因基因途径富集分析

A:tRF-19-69M8LOJX预测靶基因集的GO分析;B:tRF-19-69M8LOJX预测靶基因集的KEGG途径分析

, figureFileSmall=DU8+o+RqQvq6r6W9fa8gnQ==, figureFileBig=8Ty4U6tq5Xwn7NtsmhouZg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934522043573143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=1n9TcJl+1HLvNkvrJpcQUA==, figureFileBig=Arv+Cstoeu7WhPhCs2Gdzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934522123264920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=图7, caption=基于UALCAN数据库探索tRF-19-69M8LOJX预测靶基因在过表达细胞模型中的表达

A:ULACAN数据库中在肺腺癌组织中过表达的前250位基因与tRF-19-69M8LOJX预测靶基因集取交集的维恩图;B~F:分别为COL1A1、TOX3、CDH3、MCM2和VCAN在tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达组和NC组间的相对表达水平; a:P<0.05;b:P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=1n9TcJl+1HLvNkvrJpcQUA==, figureFileBig=Arv+Cstoeu7WhPhCs2Gdzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322934522186179481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量肺腺癌组织
(n=506)
正常组织
(n=45)
χ2P值
年龄
<65岁216(42.69)20(44.44)1.7500.417
≥65岁271(53.56)25(55.56)
缺失19(3.75)0(0)
性别
男234(46.25)19(42.22)0.1320.717
女272(53.75)26(57.78)
分期
Ⅰ~Ⅱ期398(78.66)39(86.67)1.1650.281
Ⅲ~Ⅳ期108(21.34)6(13.33)
吸烟
是348(68.77)35(77.78)1.1840.277
否158(31.22)10(22.22)
), ArticleFig(id=1322934522257482650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

TCGA数据库中肺腺癌组织和正常组织的临床特征[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量肺腺癌组织
(n=506)
正常组织
(n=45)
χ2P值
年龄
<65岁216(42.69)20(44.44)1.7500.417
≥65岁271(53.56)25(55.56)
缺失19(3.75)0(0)
性别
男234(46.25)19(42.22)0.1320.717
女272(53.75)26(57.78)
分期
Ⅰ~Ⅱ期398(78.66)39(86.67)1.1650.281
Ⅲ~Ⅳ期108(21.34)6(13.33)
吸烟
是348(68.77)35(77.78)1.1840.277
否158(31.22)10(22.22)
), ArticleFig(id=1322934522337174427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因肺腺癌组织正常组织P
中位数(M)下四分位数(Q1)上四分位数(Q3)中位数(M)下四分位数(Q1)上四分位数(Q3)
COL1A1452.53210.04906.3555.8530.14100.70<1E-12
TOX310.013.46318.661.811.272.67<1E-12
CDH328.6511.6958.014.582.696.25<1E-12
MCM219.5812.4830.725.714.836.921.62E-12
VCAN39.7219.16171.9716.8011.6623.381.62E-12
), ArticleFig(id=1322934522408477596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373162502258839, articleId=1322934510110778175, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

5个基因在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中的表达量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因肺腺癌组织正常组织P
中位数(M)下四分位数(Q1)上四分位数(Q3)中位数(M)下四分位数(Q1)上四分位数(Q3)
COL1A1452.53210.04906.3555.8530.14100.70<1E-12
TOX310.013.46318.661.811.272.67<1E-12
CDH328.6511.6958.014.582.696.25<1E-12
MCM219.5812.4830.725.714.836.921.62E-12
VCAN39.7219.16171.9716.8011.6623.381.62E-12
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肺腺癌相关tsRNA的筛选和验证
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陆春利 1 , 单亦凡 1 , 谢薇佳 1 , 夏婷婷 1 , 向颖 1 , 邬娜 1 , 吴龙 1 , 白莉 2 , 李亚斐 1
陆军军医大学学报 | 基础医学 2025,47(2): 122-131
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陆军军医大学学报 |基础医学 2025 , 47 (2) : 122 -131
肺腺癌相关tsRNA的筛选和验证
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陆春利1, 单亦凡1, 谢薇佳1, 夏婷婷1, 向颖1, 邬娜1, 吴龙1, 白莉2, 李亚斐1
作者信息
  • 1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学),军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆
  • 2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学),第二附属医院呼吸内科研究所,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆
通讯作者:
李亚斐,E-mail:
LI Yafei,E-mail:
Screening and validation of tsRNAs associated with lung adenocarcinoma
Chunli LU1, Yifan SHAN1, Weijia XIE1, Tingting XIA1, Ying XIANG1, Na WU1, Long WU1, Li BAI2, Yafei LI1
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Epidemiology,Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing, PLA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases,Second Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
  • 2Institute of Respiratory Diseases, PLA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases,Second Affiliated Hospital,Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China
出版时间: 2025-01-30 doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202408059
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目的

通过分析tsRNA在肺腺癌中的差异表达情况及其表达水平与患者预后的关系,进一步筛选并验证肺腺癌相关tsRNA,以了解其在肺腺癌发生和进展中的相关机制。

方法

基于计算医学中心数据库筛选出在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中差异表达的tsRNA;基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库分析tsRNA表达水平对肺腺癌患者预后的影响;基于TRFtarget2.0和tRFTar数据库预测靶基因;基于DAVID、KOBA KEGG在线网站进行基因本体论(Gene Ontology,GO)富集分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路分析;基于阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校癌症数据分析门户(the University of Alabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal,UALCAN)分析靶基因在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中的表达水平。采用增殖实验、迁移实验、侵袭实验验证tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌细胞中的生物学功能。

结果

与正常组织相比,tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌组织中表达上调(log2FC=4.28,FDR<0.05)。高表达水平的tRF-19-69M8LOJX预示着更短的无进展生存期(HR=1.565,95%CI=1.142~2.145,P=0.005);过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX促进A549细胞的增殖、迁移(P<0.001)和侵袭(P=0.009);COL1A1(P=0.002)和VCAN(P=0.022)在tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达细胞模型中显著上调。

结论

tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌组织的表达水平上调,与患者不良预后密切相关,可能在肺腺癌的发生发展中起着重要作用。

转移RNA衍生的小RNA  /  肺腺癌  /  预后
Objective‍

To explore the roles of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in the oncogenesis and progression of lung adenocarcinoma by analyzing the differential expression of tsRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and the relationship between the expression levels of tsRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and the prognosis of patients in order to further screen and validate the tsRNAs associated with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods‍

The differential expression of tsRNAs between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues was analyzed based on the database of the Computational Medicine Center. The effects of tsRNAs expression levels on the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients were analyzed based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (TCGA-LUAD). The target genes were predicted based on TRFtarget2.0 and tRFTar databases. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed based on DAVID and KOBA KEGG online websites. The expression levels of target genes in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues were analyzed based on the University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal (UALCAN) database. In vitro cell proliferation,migration,and invasion assays were performed to investigate the biological functions of tRF-19-69M8LOJX in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Results‍

Compared with the normal tissues,tRF-19-69M8LOJX was up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues (log2FC=4.28,FDR<0.05). High expression level of tRF-19-69M8LOJX was associated with shorter progression-free survival (HR=1.565,95%CI=1.142-2.145,P=0.005). And its overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration (P<0.001),and invasion (P=0.009) of A549 cells,and up-regulated COL1A1 (P=0.002) and VCAN (P=0.022) significantly in the tRF-19-69M8LOJX overexpression cell model.

Conclusion‍

tRF-19-69M8LOJX is up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. And its high expression is closely associated with poor prognosis. The tsRNA may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of lung adenocarcinoma.

‍transfer RNA-derived small RNA  /  lung adenocarcinoma  /  prognosis
陆春利, 单亦凡, 谢薇佳, 夏婷婷, 向颖, 邬娜, 吴龙, 白莉, 李亚斐. 肺腺癌相关tsRNA的筛选和验证. 陆军军医大学学报, 2025 , 47 (2) : 122 -131 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202408059
Chunli LU, Yifan SHAN, Weijia XIE, Tingting XIA, Ying XIANG, Na WU, Long WU, Li BAI, Yafei LI. Screening and validation of tsRNAs associated with lung adenocarcinoma[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2025 , 47 (2) : 122 -131 . DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202408059
肺癌是全球发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一。非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)约占肺癌的85%,其中肺腺癌(lung adenocarcinoma,LUAD)是其最常见的组织学亚型,约占所有肺癌的40%[1]。在过去几十年中,肺腺癌的发病率呈上升趋势[2],5年平均生存率仅为15%[3]。肺腺癌发生发展的机制尚不十分清楚,深入探究其分子机制可望为寻找新的治疗靶标及生物标记物提供理论依据。
转运RNA(transfer RNA,tRNA)衍生的小RNA称tsRNA(tRNA-derived small RNA),是一种非编码小RNA,有时也被称为tRFs(tRNA fragments)或者tdRNAs(tRNA-derived RNA)。tRNA通过特定的途径被切割为tsRNA,迄今文献报道只有少数核糖核酸酶如血管生成素(angiogeni,ANG)、Dicer等能切割tsRNA,按照不同的切割位点可以将tsRNA分为几个亚型,即TRF-5、TRF-3、TRF-1、5'tiRNA、3'tiRNA、itRF。通常情况下,tsRNA在健康组织样品中具有稳定的表达水平,但在许多病理状态下失调[4]。越来越多的研究表明,tsRNA进化保守,并且参与各种生物学过程,如基因沉默、RNA加工、蛋白质生物合成和致癌过程[5]。tsRNA还可以通过调节肿瘤干细胞、能量代谢、上皮间质转化、细胞外基质重塑等途径调控肿瘤免疫微环境[6]。例如,来自tRNAAsp、tRNAGlu、tRNATyr和tRNAGly的tsRNA通过从YBX1置换其3'-UTR而导致原癌基因转录物不稳定,从而抑制乳腺癌转移[7]。有研究显示tRF-Leu-CAG在NSCLC患者来源的组织中上调,且与细胞增殖、细胞周期有关[8]。
tsRNA在肺腺癌的发生发展中可能发挥重要作用,但具体的功能及作用机制报道较少,相关的研究尚处于起步阶段。本研究基于公共数据库,首先分析tsRNA在肺腺癌和正常肺组织中的表达差异,进而分析差异表达tsRNA与肺腺癌患者预后的关联,并进一步运用细胞实验验证差异表达的tsRNA在肺腺癌发生发展中的功能,为深入研究tsRNA在肺腺癌中作用的分子机制奠定基础。
癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库是一个涵盖了33种癌症的基因组、转录组、表观遗传、蛋白组等各个组学数据的免费公开的数据库;计算医学中心(Computational Medicine Center)是一个利用计算机科学、数据科学等技术,结合医学和生物学知识,来研究医学问题和开发医学解决方案的机构,其门户可下载每种癌症的tRNA片段表达谱数据;阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校癌症数据分析门户(the University of Alabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal,UALCAN)数据库(http://ualcan.path.uab.edu/)是一个用于癌症基因组数据分析的在线工具,它包括癌症基因组图谱、儿童脑瘤组织联盟和临床蛋白质组学肿瘤分析联盟三大公开数据库,用于分析癌症组学数据,并提供癌症基因表达数据的可视化。
A549细胞株购自中科院上海细胞生物学研究所细胞库;RPMI1640培养基、胎牛血清(FBS)购自Gibco公司;基质胶、青霉素-链霉素溶液、转染试剂Lipo8000、结晶紫染液购自碧云天公司;Trizol试剂购自美国TaKaRa公司;氯仿(三氯甲烷)、异丙醇、无水乙醇购自成都科隆公司;tRF-19-69M8LOJX模拟物(mimics)的设计和合成由吉玛公司支持;miRNA第1链cDNA合成(茎环法)试剂盒、DEPC水、引物合成均购自上海生工公司;2xUniversal SYBR Green Fast qPCR Mix购自Abclonal公司。
在计算医学中心门户(https://cm.jefferson.edu/tcga-mintmap-profiles/)下载肺腺癌样本及正常组织的tsRNAs表达谱数据。在R软件中采用limma包对肺腺癌样本(n=506)和正常组织样本(n=45)进行差异表达分析,以|log2FC|>2(fold change)、错误发现率(false discovery rate,FDR)<0.05为阈值,在两组间筛选差异表达的tsRNA。
在TCGA-LUAD数据库(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/)获取肺腺癌患者的临床信息数据,包括年龄、性别、分期、吸烟史、无进展生存期(progression free survival,PFS)。使用X-tile软件将tsRNA表达量分为高表达组和低表达组,在R软件中使用Survival包绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线以及进行单因素和多因素Cox比例风险回归分析。
A549细胞使用青霉素-链霉素∶FBS∶RPMI1640培养基=1∶10∶100的完全培养基进行培养。培养条件为37 ℃,5%的CO2。当细胞密度为70%~90%,细胞分布均匀时,即达到转染条件,按照公司合成说明书将模拟物转染至细胞内。实验设置两组,即阴性对照(negative control,NC)组和tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达组。
通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)检测tRF-19-69M8LOJX的表达水平。根据Trizol法说明提取细胞的总RNA,按照miRNA第1链cDNA合成(茎环法)试剂盒说明书合成cDNA。按照2×Universal SYBR Green Fast qPCR Mix试剂盒说明书进行PCR反应,采用2–∆∆Ct分析法进行定量,以U6基因作为内参。实时定量PCR反应体系组成:2×Universal SYBR Green Fast qPCR Mix 10 µL,正反向引物各1 µL(10 µmol/L),cDNA 1 µL,ddH2O补足至20 µL。实时定量PCR反应程序:95 ℃预变性3 min,循环反应40~45次(95 ℃ 5 s;60 ℃ 30 s)。tRF-19-69M8LOJX逆转录茎环引物为5′-GTCGTATCCAGTGCAGGGTCCGAGGTATTCGCA-CTGGATACGACTCCATT-3′;正向引物为5′-TTGTTA-TAGGCTCCGTGGCGC-3′,反向引物为5′-ATCCAGT-GCAGGGTCCGAGG-3′;U6逆转录茎环引物为5′-GT-CGTATCCAGTGCAGGGTCCGAGGTATTCGCACTGG-ATACGACAAAATA-3′;正向引物为5′-GCTTCGGC-AGCACATATACTAAAAT-3′,反向引物为5′-CGCTT-CACGAATTTGCGTGTCAT-3′。
细胞增殖实验(cell counting kit-8,CCK-8)将转染24 h后的细胞按照每孔3 000个的密度接种至96孔板内,每个组设置3个复孔,在细胞培养24、48、72、96、120 h后,更换孔内培养基为10 μL CCK-8试剂+100 μL完全培养基的混液,37 ℃孵育1 h后测量450 nm波长处的光密度值。
细胞迁移实验将转染24 h后的细胞按照每孔2万个的密度接种至放在24孔板的小室内,小室内为不含血清的培养基稀释的细胞悬液,小室外加入500 μL含血清的完全培养基,在培养箱孵育24~36 h后,对小室底层膜外细胞进行固定、结晶紫染色,晾干后在倒置相差显微镜下拍摄照片。细胞侵袭实验与细胞迁移实验相近,差别为在接种细胞前还需在小室内铺胶,按照基质胶∶完全培养基=1∶9的比例,每个小室加入20 μL前述混液,放入细胞培养箱中孵育3 h后再接种细胞。
在TRFtarget2.0数据库[9]中预测tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因,筛选靶基因条件为结合位点为3'-UTR;自由能≤-16 kcal/mol;最大互补长度≥8个核苷酸。在tRFTar数据库[10]中预测tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因。2个数据库预测结果取交集后形成tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因集。再通过DAVID在线网站进行基因本体论(Gene Ontology,GO)分析,KOBAS在线网站进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)分析,并进行功能预测。
由UALCAN数据库[11]获取对比正常组织,在肺腺癌中过表达的前250位基因。与前面在数据库中预测的tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因取交集后,进一步分析这些基因在过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX细胞模型中mRNA水平上的表达差异。
计量资料以x¯±s表示,组间比较采用成组t检验。分类数据以n(%)表示,组间比较采用卡方检验。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,组间比较使用Log-rank检验。采用单因素、多因素Cox比例风险回归模型对tsRNA表达量和相关临床因素与PFS之间的关系进行分析,并计算风险比(hazard ratio,HR)和95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)。所有的绘图和统计分析均在软件R和GraphPad Prism 8.4.0中完成,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
在计算医学中心门户获得具有tsRNA表达谱数据的TCGA肺腺癌样本506例、正常组织样本45例,样本的临床特征见表1,年龄、性别、分期、是否吸烟在两组间没有统计学差异。筛选出上调的tsRNA有194条,下调的tsRNA有77条(图1)。在肺腺癌组织中上调的表达具有显著差异的前5位tsRNA分别为tRF-19-6SM83OJX、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2、tRF-19-69M8LOJX、tRF-25-S3M8309NDJ、tRF-22-RPM830MMO,其log2FC值依次为6.41、4.77、4.28、4.14、4.13。
通过X-tile软件获取5个tsRNA表达量的最佳截断值,可将5个tsRNA的表达量分为高表达组和低表达组。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线结果表明,肺腺癌患者癌组织中tRF-19-6SM83OJX、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2、tRF-19-69M8LOJX、tRF-22-RPM830MMO高表达患者PFS显著低于低表达患者(图2),提示tRF-19-6SM83OJX、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2、tRF-19-69M8LOJX、tRF-22-RPM830MMO高表达者可能存在预后不良的情况,提示这4个tsRNA具有作为LUAD患者预后标志物的潜力。
单因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果表明,临床分期Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期(HR=1.631,95%CI=1.188~2.241,P=0.003)、tRF-19-6SM83OJX高表达(HR=1.493,95%CI=1.100~2.027,P=0.010)、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2高表达(HR=1.322,95%CI=1.003~1.741,P=0.048)、tRF-19-69M8LOJX高表达(HR=1.565,95%CI=1.142~2.145,P=0.005)和tRF-22-RPM830MMO高表达(HR=1.345,95%CI=1.016~1.779,P=0.038)与LUAD患者PFS显著相关(图3A)。考虑到年龄、性别和吸烟史与肺腺癌患者预后密切相关是可能的混杂因素,经校正年龄、性别、临床分期、是否吸烟后,多因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果表明tRF-19-6SM83OJX高表达(HR=1.564,95%CI=1.139~2.149,P=0.006)、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2高表达(HR=1.349,95%CI=1.013~1.796,P=0.041)、tRF-19-69M8LOJX高表达(HR=1.606,95%CI=1.159~2.224,P=0.004)和tRF-22-RPM830MMO高表达(HR=1.369,95%CI=1.027~1.826,P=0.032)是LUAD患者PFS的独立危险因素(图3B)。
本研究选择在肿瘤组织和正常组织中差异表达、在预后分析中HR值最大且P值最显著的tsRNA,即tRF-19-69M8LOJX进行深入研究,筛选tsRNA的详细流程,见图4。
合成tRF-19-69M8LOJX模拟物mimics转染A549细胞构建细胞内tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达模型。qPCR实验结果显示,tRF-19-69M8LOJX在过表达组显著升高(P=0.011)。采用CCK-8法探究过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX对A549细胞增殖能力的影响,过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX组和对照组细胞的生长曲线显示,相对于对照组,过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX的A549细胞增殖能力显著提高。而后通过Transwell法探索tRF-19-69M8LOJX对细胞迁移、侵袭能力的影响,实验结果表明,过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX后,相较于对照组,过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX的A549细胞迁移数量(P<0.001)和侵袭数量(P=0.009)也显著增多,见图5。
经前述筛选条件,在TRFtarget2.0数据库中预测到tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因3 181个,在tRFTar数据库中预测到tRF-19-69M8LOJX靶基因453个,为减小假阳性错误,本研究取2个数据库预测结果的交集,最终形成tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因集82个。对靶基因集进行GO分析和KEGG分析,并将结果可视化(图6)。GO富集分析显示,在生物学过程层面,靶基因集在细胞外基质、调控mRNA代谢过程、调节mRNA稳定性、胶原激活的酪氨酸激酶受体信号传导通路等方面有显著富集;在细胞成分层面,提示可能与细胞黏附、细胞-底物连接相关;于分子功能层面,在蛋白丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶抑制剂活性、细胞周期蛋白依赖性蛋白丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶抑制剂活动、MHC Ⅱ类蛋白复合物结合、蛋白激酶抑制剂活性方面有显著富集。KEGG富集分析结果显示,靶基因集在PI3K-Akt信号通路、细胞周期、细胞外基质受体相互作用方面有显著富集。
从UALCAN数据库中获取对比正常组织,在肺腺癌中过表达的前250位基因,与tRF-19-69M8LOJX的82个靶基因取交集后,获得5个基因,即COL1A1、TOX3、CDH3、MCM2和VCAN,见图7A和表2。在构建的tRF-19-69M8LOJX过表达细胞模型中通过RT-qPCR实验检测这5个基因的表达量,得出相较于对照组,COL1A1(P=0.002)和VCAN(P=0.022)的表达量显著升高,见图7B~F。
本研究通过分析TCGA数据库筛选出了在LUAD中差异表达的tsRNA上调668条,下调319条。然后选取其中差异倍数最高的5条tsRNA进行预后分析,发现tRF-19-6SM83OJX、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2、tRF-19-69M8LOJX、tRF-22-RPM830MMO高表达患者PFS显著低于低表达患者;单因素、多因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果表明tRF-19-6SM83OJX、tRF-24-7SIRMM12E2、tRF-19-69M8LOJX和tRF-22-RPM830MMO高表达是LUAD患者PFS的危险因素及校正年龄、性别、分期和是否吸烟后的独立危险因素,以上结果表明它们的表达水平与预后相关,有潜力成为LUAD患者的预后生物标志物。
目前越来越多的研究表明tsRNA可以作为癌症诊断或预后的生物标志物[12],例如,tsRNA可以作为预测前列腺癌进展的指标[13];还可以作为胃癌、胰腺癌或弥漫性胶质瘤的诊断和预后标志物[14-16]。但在NSCLC中的研究尚在起步阶段,有研究表明tRF-21-RKP4P9L0与LUAD的预后有关,而在血浆中结合3个tsRNA(tRF-16-L85J3KE、tRF-16-PSQP4PE和tRF-21-RK9P4P9L0)可用于诊断LUAD患者[17];另有研究表明一些tsRNA诊断肺癌的能力优于基于microRNA的生物标志物[18],但tsRNA在NSCLC预后中的作用仍有待进一步探索。
最终本研究选择了在肿瘤组织和正常组织中差异表达、预后分析中HR值最大且P值最显著的tRF-19-69M8LOJX进行后续研究。tRF-19-69M8LOJX由1号染色体的基因编码,长度为19个核苷酸,属于TRF-5类,是tRNA-Arg-TCT-1-1的衍生物。目前除有研究报道tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺鳞癌组织和正常组织中差异表达,与肿瘤分期相关,且与患者生存显著相关外[19],暂无其他报道。而本研究着眼于其在肺腺癌发生发展中的作用,研究结果表明,它在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中差异表达,但暂未观察到与临床分期的关联,与患者的PFS显著相关。
本研究还在体外实验中证实过表达tRF-19-69M8LOJX可以促进肺腺癌细胞株A549的增殖、迁移和侵袭,并初步探索出tRF-19-69M8LOJX可能的靶基因为COL1A1和VCAN。COL1A1基因编码的是Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的α1链,这种胶原蛋白是哺乳动物中最丰富的结构蛋白之一,其主要功能包括提供机械强度、提供细胞附着和迁移的支架、影响细胞分化和增殖。有研究表明高表达COL1A1与LUAD患者的不良预后高度相关[20-22],且证实LINC00511能竞争性结合miR-126-5p和miR-218-5p来调控COL1A1的表达,从而影响肺腺癌进展[21];COL1A1可以作为肺癌患者的诊断、预后和化疗耐药的生物标志物[22]。VCAN基因编码一种叫做多功能蛋白聚糖的蛋白质,这种蛋白质在细胞外基质中起着重要作用。其主要功能有细胞外基质结构支持、影响细胞的粘附和迁移、调节细胞内信号传导。高表达的VCAN也与LUAD患者的不良预后有关,且可促进癌细胞的迁移和侵袭,产生有利于肿瘤进展的炎症微环境[23-24]。另外,tRF-19-69M8LOJX预测靶基因的通路分析提示在细胞周期和细胞外基质受体交互作用上显著富集,推断tRF-19-69M8LOJX可能通过调节COL1A1的表达影响细胞周期;调节VCAN的表达影响细胞外基质受体交互作用。这种tsRNA与靶基因的相互作用促使靶基因的激活,有研究得出了类似结论[25]。
本研究也存在一定的局限性,首先由于暂未发现其他同时具有tsRNA的表达量和预后数据的数据库,所以本研究中涉及的tsRNA能否作为预后标志物暂未用其他数据库验证;其次,由于生物组织采样的不便性,血样标志物更被接受,因此在组织中筛选出来的tsRNA能否作为血浆中生物标志物还有待探索;本研究只验证了tRF-19-69M8LOJX在体外实验中的生物学功能,缺乏体内实验证据,且本研究初步推测COL1A1和VCAN可能是tRF-19-69M8LOJX的靶基因,两者是否是tRF-19-69M8LOJX真正的靶基因及其生物学功能相关性需进一步研究。另外,tRF-19-69M8LOJX在肺腺癌中如何作用的分子生物学机制尚未完全揭露,仍需深入研究。
综上所述,tRF-19-69M8LOJX在LUAD中表达上调并可能参与了肿瘤的发生、发展,同时也与LUAD患者预后关系密切,故tRF-19-69M8LOJX有望成为预测LUAD预后的潜在生物标志物,对于临床上LUAD患者的预后预测提供了新思路。

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doi: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202408059
  • 接收时间:2024-08-15
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-01-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-15
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    1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学),军事预防医学系军队流行病学教研室,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆
    2陆军军医大学(第三军医大学),第二附属医院呼吸内科研究所,全军呼吸病研究重点实验室,重庆

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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