Article(id=1322909382475916051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322909380756243363, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715616000000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793335775249, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1745510400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793335775249, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793335775249, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793335775249, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322909380756243363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='288', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1745510400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793335774840, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793335774840, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=278, endPage=288, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322909382853403412, articleId=1322909382475916051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Study on Characteristics of Mine Water and Suitability for Resource Utilization in Ecologically Fragile Mining Area, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Mastering the characteristics and functional suitability of mine water is a prerequisite for achieving resource utilization and graded utilization of mine water sources. Taking the mine water in Yushuling Coal Mine as the research object, water samples were collected from different areas for water testing, the types of mine water resource utilization were divided, an evaluation system was established, and the functional suitability of different utilization directions of mine water was comprehensively analyzed. Research results show that the chemical type of mine water is mainly , with a membership degree of 0.812 - 0.991 for Class V water. The content of hydrochemical components is high, and there are three potential utilization pathways for drinking, irrigation, and industrial water. The suitability evaluation results of various types of mine water for drinking are grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, which are not suitable for drinking.In terms of irrigation and industrial water suitability, there are significant differences in the evaluation results of different types of mine water. The sodium adsorption ratio, Razner stability index of water accumulation in goaf and fissure water are 3 - 10.8 (mmol·L)1/2and 6.1 - 6.5, respectively, indicating that they have little impacts on soil physical and chemical properties and are basically non-corrosive, making them suitable for irrigation and industrial water use. The saturation index of accumulated water in the burnt area is 0.8 - 1.2, exceeding 0.6, indicating a tendency towards scaling. Generally, it cannot be directly used as irrigation water, but can be used for industrial water use. The water quality of the water tank is severely polluted, with indicators such as soluble sodium percentage (78.4% - 84.5%), magnesium hazard ratio (62.9% - 72.0%), Razner stability index(7.2 - 7.7), and Larson ratio (8.0 - 12.0), indicating that this type of water poses a high risk to soil alkalinity and permeability, and has severe corrosiveness, with poor potential for functional utilization.

, authors=Guoliang XIE1, Kaiyuan LIAN2, Minglin YAN1, Gaojiang HAN1, Kaichuang WANG1, Wen JIANG1, authorsList=Guoliang XIE, Kaiyuan LIAN, Minglin YAN, Gaojiang HAN, Kaichuang WANG, Wen JIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Kaiyuan LIAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322909396602332037, articleId=1322909382475916051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=生态脆弱矿区矿井水特征及资源化适宜性研究, columnId=1226462297560892399, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=选矿与资源综合利用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

掌握矿井水特征及功能性利用适宜性是实现矿井水分源处理、分级利用资源化的前提。以榆树岭煤矿矿井水为研究对象,采集不同区域矿井水进行水样检测,划分矿井水资源化利用类型,建立评价体系,综合分析矿井水不同利用方向的功能适宜性。研究表明:矿井水化学类型主要为型,Ⅴ类水隶属度为0.812~0.991,水化学组分含量高,存在饮用、灌溉与工业用水三种潜在利用途径;各类矿井水饮用适宜性评价结果均为Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级,不适宜饮用,在灌溉和工业用水适宜性上,不同类型矿井水评价结果差异较大,采空区积水、裂隙水的钠吸附比、雷兹纳稳定指数分别在3~10.8(mmol·L-1)1/2、6.1~6.5之间,显示对土壤理化性质影响较小且基本无腐蚀性,适宜于灌溉和工业用水;火烧区积水饱和指数为0.8~1.2,超过0.6,具有结垢倾向,一般不能直接作为灌溉水使用,但可用于工业用途;水仓水水质受污染严重,可溶性钠百分比(78.4%~84.5%)、镁危害比(62.9%~72.0%)、雷兹纳稳定指数(7.2~7.7)、拉森比率(8.0~12.0)等指标显示该类型水对土壤碱度及渗透性危害较高,并且具有严重腐蚀性,功能性利用潜力较差。

, authors=谢国良1, 廉开元2, 严明林1, 韩高将1, 王开闯1, 蒋文1, authorsList=谢国良, 廉开元, 严明林, 韩高将, 王开闯, 蒋文, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=廉开元, authorNote=

谢国良(1983—),男,河南淅川人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为煤炭安全开采。E-mail:

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廉开元(1999—),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为煤炭资源绿色开采。E-mail:
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谢国良(1983—),男,河南淅川人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为煤炭安全开采。E-mail:

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Corrosion, 1958, 14(6):215-218., articleTitle=Laboratory studies relating mineral quality of water to corrosion of steel and cast iron, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322909402805707731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, awardId=52022107; 52174128, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(52022107; 52174128), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322909397063705479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322909397076288392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, companyId=1322909397063705479, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Kuqa Yushuling Coal Mine Co., Ltd., Aksu, Xinjiang 842000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322909397088871305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, companyId=1322909397063705479, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.库车市榆树岭煤矿有限责任公司,新疆 阿克苏市 842000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322909397172757386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322909397181145995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, companyId=1322909397172757386, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322909397457970060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, companyId=1322909397172757386, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国矿业大学 矿业工程学院,江苏 徐州市 221116)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322909400125547445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Hydrogeological profile of the mining area, figureFileSmall=ptW0ZW/X06tKdoAnIDE32w==, figureFileBig=KjK4Virt3V2H5yPaTzZpqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400213627830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图1, caption=矿区水文地质剖面, figureFileSmall=ptW0ZW/X06tKdoAnIDE32w==, figureFileBig=KjK4Virt3V2H5yPaTzZpqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400452703159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Water sample distribution map in study area, figureFileSmall=4EQwBchug8yje80ES19Wuw==, figureFileBig=s3cJozC24ZsR1gDE+wDY9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400532394936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图2, caption=研究区水样分布, figureFileSmall=4EQwBchug8yje80ES19Wuw==, figureFileBig=s3cJozC24ZsR1gDE+wDY9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400607892409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Evaluation process of suitability of mine water resource utilization, figureFileSmall=wurWHq0AG7NiUP6EE+Mk+A==, figureFileBig=HqXo5COvBUEaEb0MKwBDpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400670806970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图3, caption=矿井水资源化利用适宜性评价流程, figureFileSmall=wurWHq0AG7NiUP6EE+Mk+A==, figureFileBig=HqXo5COvBUEaEb0MKwBDpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400737915835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Piper triplex map of mine water quality, figureFileSmall=aWuH23c1fhT3gifxURILxA==, figureFileBig=m2z6m8D4AviASXykR884jw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400805024700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图4, caption=矿井水水质Piper三线图, figureFileSmall=aWuH23c1fhT3gifxURILxA==, figureFileBig=m2z6m8D4AviASXykR884jw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400901493693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Cluster pedigree of mine water system, figureFileSmall=vRNasjNb4ZzRCcGW5UjvMQ==, figureFileBig=CJCXxitAasAsd7J4dlLUQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909400981185470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图5, caption=矿井水系统聚类谱系图, figureFileSmall=vRNasjNb4ZzRCcGW5UjvMQ==, figureFileBig=CJCXxitAasAsd7J4dlLUQw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909401039905727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Evaluation result of irrigation suitability of mine water, figureFileSmall=8mpMgTCl2wEX/2Hj30u72Q==, figureFileBig=u6IZWtRN62aigfBN/23tOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909401115403200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图6, caption=矿井水灌溉适宜性评价结果, figureFileSmall=8mpMgTCl2wEX/2Hj30u72Q==, figureFileBig=u6IZWtRN62aigfBN/23tOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909401182512065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Evaluation result of suitability of mine water for industrial utilization, figureFileSmall=FTqdrGUp24qymBmmveOL5Q==, figureFileBig=4irgNVmvOpHdgza69fuzVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909401258009538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=图7, caption=矿井水工业利用适宜性评价结果, figureFileSmall=FTqdrGUp24qymBmmveOL5Q==, figureFileBig=4irgNVmvOpHdgza69fuzVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322909401329312707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mine water quality assessment standard

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水质分级评价指标
总硬度(CaCO3)TDSCl-FeAlNa+F-
Ⅰ类150300500.106501001.0
Ⅱ类2254001000.152 0001251.0
Ⅲ类3757502000.253501751.0
Ⅳ类5501 5003001.152003001.5
Ⅴ类6502 0003502.000.504002.0
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401409004484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

矿井水水质评价标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水质分级评价指标
总硬度(CaCO3)TDSCl-FeAlNa+F-
Ⅰ类150300500.106501001.0
Ⅱ类2254001000.152 0001251.0
Ⅲ类3757502000.253501751.0
Ⅳ类5501 5003001.152003001.5
Ⅴ类6502 0003502.000.504002.0
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401526444997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Standard for grading evaluation of drinking suitability of mine water resources

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水质分级分级标准水质评价
I各指标均满足Ⅲ类标准①。适宜饮用
Ⅱ总硬度、TDS、Cl-、、Na+、Fe等一般指标满足Ⅳ类水标准;毒理指标满足地下水质量Ⅲ类水标准。基本适宜饮用
Ⅲ总硬度、TDS、Cl-、、Na+、Fe等常规指标达到Ⅲ类水标准,但在Ⅲ类水标准值3倍以下;毒理指标满足地下水质量Ⅲ类水质标准。一般不宜饮用,如饮用一般须经相应处理。
Ⅳ总硬度、TDS、Cl-、、Na+、Fe等常规指标为Ⅲ类水标准值3倍以上,或有一项毒理指标超过地下水质量Ⅲ类水质标准。不宜饮用,如饮用必须经过严格处理,毒理指标超标时要进行水质的监测控制。
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401597748166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

矿井水资源饮用适宜性分级评价标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水质分级分级标准水质评价
I各指标均满足Ⅲ类标准①。适宜饮用
Ⅱ总硬度、TDS、Cl-、、Na+、Fe等一般指标满足Ⅳ类水标准;毒理指标满足地下水质量Ⅲ类水标准。基本适宜饮用
Ⅲ总硬度、TDS、Cl-、、Na+、Fe等常规指标达到Ⅲ类水标准,但在Ⅲ类水标准值3倍以下;毒理指标满足地下水质量Ⅲ类水质标准。一般不宜饮用,如饮用一般须经相应处理。
Ⅳ总硬度、TDS、Cl-、、Na+、Fe等常规指标为Ⅲ类水标准值3倍以上,或有一项毒理指标超过地下水质量Ⅲ类水质标准。不宜饮用,如饮用必须经过严格处理,毒理指标超标时要进行水质的监测控制。
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401685828551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Test results of conventional water quality indications of mine water

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号总硬度/(mg/L)pHTDS/(mg/L)Na+/(mg/L)K+/(mg/L)Ca2+/(mg/L)Mg2+/(mg/L) /(mg/L) /(mg/L)Cl-/(mg/L) /(mg/L) /(mg/L)Fe/(mg/L)
A11 025.87.562 626525.014.8183.0106.00.12696.4850.8468.050.14
A2800.67.852 198463.017.6179.087.00.03576.4638.1462.05<0.05
A3770.67.892 189467.019.3150.0125.0<0.02643.6602.6455.05<0.05
A4950.87.682 537521.023.7229.0123.0<0.02912.6631.0463.05<0.05
B1960.87.372 657345.870.8423.0163.00.03522.2562.9244.0120.18
B2388.07.462 125401.042.0429.0163.00.13532.0592.0258.012<0.05
B3698.07.312 337272.043.4320.0163.0<0.02515.0551.0293.014<0.05
B4859.07.252 921315.084.1470.0200.00.15687.0517.0276.014<0.05
C1130.18.093 780745.496.9244.0186.00.68896.0557.0405.050.17
C2860.77.863 675669.817.6200.1106.62.11826.1503.6417.300.18
C3993.07.823 874650.030.7204.3133.60.92829.0525.0453.90<0.05
C41 469.07.993 349629.09.70232.1122.0<0.021 225.0650.0407.80<0.05
D11 667.06.974 6112 198.029.0172.1265.20.21865.01 672.0427.10<0.05
D21 727.06.724 8582 338.029.9208.4211.8<0.021 794.01 304.0280.70<0.05
D31 250.06.824 5162 572.025.5150.3203.36.471 454.01 297.0384.402.15
D41 341.06.845 0781 902.019.8180.4219.7<0.021 311.01 371.0390.50<0.05
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401761326024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

矿井水水质常规指标检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号总硬度/(mg/L)pHTDS/(mg/L)Na+/(mg/L)K+/(mg/L)Ca2+/(mg/L)Mg2+/(mg/L) /(mg/L) /(mg/L)Cl-/(mg/L) /(mg/L) /(mg/L)Fe/(mg/L)
A11 025.87.562 626525.014.8183.0106.00.12696.4850.8468.050.14
A2800.67.852 198463.017.6179.087.00.03576.4638.1462.05<0.05
A3770.67.892 189467.019.3150.0125.0<0.02643.6602.6455.05<0.05
A4950.87.682 537521.023.7229.0123.0<0.02912.6631.0463.05<0.05
B1960.87.372 657345.870.8423.0163.00.03522.2562.9244.0120.18
B2388.07.462 125401.042.0429.0163.00.13532.0592.0258.012<0.05
B3698.07.312 337272.043.4320.0163.0<0.02515.0551.0293.014<0.05
B4859.07.252 921315.084.1470.0200.00.15687.0517.0276.014<0.05
C1130.18.093 780745.496.9244.0186.00.68896.0557.0405.050.17
C2860.77.863 675669.817.6200.1106.62.11826.1503.6417.300.18
C3993.07.823 874650.030.7204.3133.60.92829.0525.0453.90<0.05
C41 469.07.993 349629.09.70232.1122.0<0.021 225.0650.0407.80<0.05
D11 667.06.974 6112 198.029.0172.1265.20.21865.01 672.0427.10<0.05
D21 727.06.724 8582 338.029.9208.4211.8<0.021 794.01 304.0280.70<0.05
D31 250.06.824 5162 572.025.5150.3203.36.471 454.01 297.0384.402.15
D41 341.06.845 0781 902.019.8180.4219.7<0.021 311.01 371.0390.50<0.05
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401849406409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Test results of toxicological indices of mine water quality

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 F-HgAsSeCdCr
A112.20.40<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0040.024
A217.60.40<0.000 10.002<0.010.0050.026
A318.30.40<0.000 10.002<0.010.0030.028
A415.90.40<0.000 10.005<0.010.0050.050
B10.60.30<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0040.012
B20.30.49<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0030.032
B31.80.41<0.000 10.003<0.010.0010.008
B41.60.52<0.000 10.002<0.010.0030.003
C11.00.34<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0010.012
C21.20.40<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.003 20.024
C35.60.24<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.001 60.001
C411.90.28<0.000 10.0002<0.010.0060.003
D12.60.27<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0010.032
D247.20.23<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0010.024
D340.60.79<0.000 10.0002<0.010.0010.016
D4131.90.30<0.000 10.0002<0.010.0320.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322909401937486794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

矿井水水质毒理指标检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 F-HgAsSeCdCr
A112.20.40<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0040.024
A217.60.40<0.000 10.002<0.010.0050.026
A318.30.40<0.000 10.002<0.010.0030.028
A415.90.40<0.000 10.005<0.010.0050.050
B10.60.30<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0040.012
B20.30.49<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0030.032
B31.80.41<0.000 10.003<0.010.0010.008
B41.60.52<0.000 10.002<0.010.0030.003
C11.00.34<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0010.012
C21.20.40<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.003 20.024
C35.60.24<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.001 60.001
C411.90.28<0.000 10.0002<0.010.0060.003
D12.60.27<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0010.032
D247.20.23<0.000 1<0.001<0.010.0010.024
D340.60.79<0.000 10.0002<0.010.0010.016
D4131.90.30<0.000 10.0002<0.010.0320.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402012984267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of mine water resources

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序号水样类型隶属度评价结果
Ⅰ类Ⅱ类Ⅲ类Ⅳ类Ⅴ类
A1裂隙水0.0290.0000.0000.0000.971Ⅴ类
A20.0360.0000.0000.0000.964Ⅴ类
A30.0370.0000.0000.0000.963Ⅴ类
A40.0330.0000.0000.0000.967Ⅴ类
B1采空区积水0.0290.0000.0000.0870.884Ⅴ类
B20.0510.0000.1100.0090.830Ⅴ类
B30.0400.0000.0330.1130.812Ⅴ类
B40.0470.0000.0000.1270.827Ⅴ类
C1火烧区积水0.0610.0000.0000.0000.939Ⅴ类
C20.0300.0000.0000.0000.969Ⅴ类
C30.0210.0000.0000.0000.978Ⅴ类
C40.0200.0000.0000.0000.980Ⅴ类
D1水仓水0.0090.0000.0000.0000.991Ⅴ类
D20.0090.0010.0000.0000.991Ⅴ类
D30.0220.0000.0240.0070.946Ⅴ类
D40.0090.0060.0000.0000.984Ⅴ类
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402117841868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

矿井水模糊综合评价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型隶属度评价结果
Ⅰ类Ⅱ类Ⅲ类Ⅳ类Ⅴ类
A1裂隙水0.0290.0000.0000.0000.971Ⅴ类
A20.0360.0000.0000.0000.964Ⅴ类
A30.0370.0000.0000.0000.963Ⅴ类
A40.0330.0000.0000.0000.967Ⅴ类
B1采空区积水0.0290.0000.0000.0870.884Ⅴ类
B20.0510.0000.1100.0090.830Ⅴ类
B30.0400.0000.0330.1130.812Ⅴ类
B40.0470.0000.0000.1270.827Ⅴ类
C1火烧区积水0.0610.0000.0000.0000.939Ⅴ类
C20.0300.0000.0000.0000.969Ⅴ类
C30.0210.0000.0000.0000.978Ⅴ类
C40.0200.0000.0000.0000.980Ⅴ类
D1水仓水0.0090.0000.0000.0000.991Ⅴ类
D20.0090.0010.0000.0000.991Ⅴ类
D30.0220.0000.0240.0070.946Ⅴ类
D40.0090.0060.0000.0000.984Ⅴ类
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402197533645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Evaluation results of mine water suitability for drinking

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型分级评价结果综合评价
A1裂隙水Ⅳ不宜饮用不宜饮用
A2Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
A3Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
A4Ⅳ不宜饮用
B1采空区积水Ⅲ一般不宜饮用一般不宜饮用
B2Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
B3Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
B4Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
C1火烧区积水Ⅳ不宜饮用不宜饮用
C2Ⅳ不宜饮用
C3Ⅳ不宜饮用
C4Ⅳ不宜饮用
D1水仓水Ⅳ不宜饮用不宜饮用
D2Ⅳ不宜饮用
D3Ⅳ不宜饮用
D4Ⅳ不宜饮用
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402319168462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

矿井水饮用适宜性评价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型分级评价结果综合评价
A1裂隙水Ⅳ不宜饮用不宜饮用
A2Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
A3Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
A4Ⅳ不宜饮用
B1采空区积水Ⅲ一般不宜饮用一般不宜饮用
B2Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
B3Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
B4Ⅲ一般不宜饮用
C1火烧区积水Ⅳ不宜饮用不宜饮用
C2Ⅳ不宜饮用
C3Ⅳ不宜饮用
C4Ⅳ不宜饮用
D1水仓水Ⅳ不宜饮用不宜饮用
D2Ⅳ不宜饮用
D3Ⅳ不宜饮用
D4Ⅳ不宜饮用
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402398860239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Comprehensive evaluation results of irrigation suitability of mine water

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型单指标评价评价结果综合评价
SARSSPPIMHR
A1裂隙水适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜比较适宜
A2适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜
A3非常适宜适宜比较适宜不适宜比较适宜
A4非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
B1采空区积水非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜适宜
B2非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
B3非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
B4非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
C1火烧区积水适宜不适宜比较适宜不适宜不适宜基本不适宜
C2适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜
C3适宜不适宜比较适宜不适宜不适宜
C4适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜
D1水仓水不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜不适宜
D2不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜
D3不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜
D4不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402474357712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

矿井水灌溉适宜性综合评价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型单指标评价评价结果综合评价
SARSSPPIMHR
A1裂隙水适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜比较适宜
A2适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜
A3非常适宜适宜比较适宜不适宜比较适宜
A4非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
B1采空区积水非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜适宜
B2非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
B3非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
B4非常适宜适宜比较适宜适宜适宜
C1火烧区积水适宜不适宜比较适宜不适宜不适宜基本不适宜
C2适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜
C3适宜不适宜比较适宜不适宜不适宜
C4适宜不适宜比较适宜适宜比较适宜
D1水仓水不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜不适宜
D2不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜
D3不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜
D4不适宜不适宜适宜不适宜不适宜
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402566632401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Comprehensive evaluation results of suitability of mine water for industrial utilization

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型单指标评价结果评价结果综合评价
LSIAIRSILR
A1裂隙水结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜适宜
A2结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
A3结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
A4结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
B1采空区积水轻微结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀非常适宜非常适宜
B2结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
B3轻微结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀非常适宜
B4轻微结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀非常适宜
C1火烧区积水结垢无腐蚀结垢腐蚀比较适宜适宜
C2结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
C3结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
C4结垢无腐蚀结垢腐蚀比较适宜
D1水仓水腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜不适宜
D2腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜
D3腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜
D4腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜
), ArticleFig(id=1322909402671490002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322909382475916051, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

矿井水工业用水适宜性综合评价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号水样类型单指标评价结果评价结果综合评价
LSIAIRSILR
A1裂隙水结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜适宜
A2结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
A3结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
A4结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
B1采空区积水轻微结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀非常适宜非常适宜
B2结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
B3轻微结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀非常适宜
B4轻微结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀非常适宜
C1火烧区积水结垢无腐蚀结垢腐蚀比较适宜适宜
C2结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
C3结垢无腐蚀基本稳定腐蚀适宜
C4结垢无腐蚀结垢腐蚀比较适宜
D1水仓水腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜不适宜
D2腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜
D3腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜
D4腐蚀中等腐蚀腐蚀腐蚀不适宜
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生态脆弱矿区矿井水特征及资源化适宜性研究
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谢国良 1 , 廉开元 2 , 严明林 1 , 韩高将 1 , 王开闯 1 , 蒋文 1
矿业研究与开发 | 选矿与资源综合利用 2025,45(4): 278-288
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矿业研究与开发 |选矿与资源综合利用 2025 , 45 (4) : 278 -288
生态脆弱矿区矿井水特征及资源化适宜性研究
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谢国良1 , 廉开元2 , 严明林1, 韩高将1, 王开闯1, 蒋文1
作者信息
  • 1.库车市榆树岭煤矿有限责任公司,新疆 阿克苏市 842000
  • 2.中国矿业大学 矿业工程学院,江苏 徐州市 221116
通讯作者:
廉开元(1999—),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为煤炭资源绿色开采。E-mail:
作者简介:

谢国良(1983—),男,河南淅川人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为煤炭安全开采。E-mail:

Study on Characteristics of Mine Water and Suitability for Resource Utilization in Ecologically Fragile Mining Area
Guoliang XIE1 , Kaiyuan LIAN2 , Minglin YAN1, Gaojiang HAN1, Kaichuang WANG1, Wen JIANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.Kuqa Yushuling Coal Mine Co., Ltd., Aksu, Xinjiang 842000, China
  • 2.School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
出版时间: 2025-04-25
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掌握矿井水特征及功能性利用适宜性是实现矿井水分源处理、分级利用资源化的前提。以榆树岭煤矿矿井水为研究对象,采集不同区域矿井水进行水样检测,划分矿井水资源化利用类型,建立评价体系,综合分析矿井水不同利用方向的功能适宜性。研究表明:矿井水化学类型主要为型,Ⅴ类水隶属度为0.812~0.991,水化学组分含量高,存在饮用、灌溉与工业用水三种潜在利用途径;各类矿井水饮用适宜性评价结果均为Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级,不适宜饮用,在灌溉和工业用水适宜性上,不同类型矿井水评价结果差异较大,采空区积水、裂隙水的钠吸附比、雷兹纳稳定指数分别在3~10.8(mmol·L-1)1/2、6.1~6.5之间,显示对土壤理化性质影响较小且基本无腐蚀性,适宜于灌溉和工业用水;火烧区积水饱和指数为0.8~1.2,超过0.6,具有结垢倾向,一般不能直接作为灌溉水使用,但可用于工业用途;水仓水水质受污染严重,可溶性钠百分比(78.4%~84.5%)、镁危害比(62.9%~72.0%)、雷兹纳稳定指数(7.2~7.7)、拉森比率(8.0~12.0)等指标显示该类型水对土壤碱度及渗透性危害较高,并且具有严重腐蚀性,功能性利用潜力较差。

生态脆弱矿区  /  矿井水  /  资源化  /  功能性利用  /  适宜性评价

Mastering the characteristics and functional suitability of mine water is a prerequisite for achieving resource utilization and graded utilization of mine water sources. Taking the mine water in Yushuling Coal Mine as the research object, water samples were collected from different areas for water testing, the types of mine water resource utilization were divided, an evaluation system was established, and the functional suitability of different utilization directions of mine water was comprehensively analyzed. Research results show that the chemical type of mine water is mainly , with a membership degree of 0.812 - 0.991 for Class V water. The content of hydrochemical components is high, and there are three potential utilization pathways for drinking, irrigation, and industrial water. The suitability evaluation results of various types of mine water for drinking are grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, which are not suitable for drinking.In terms of irrigation and industrial water suitability, there are significant differences in the evaluation results of different types of mine water. The sodium adsorption ratio, Razner stability index of water accumulation in goaf and fissure water are 3 - 10.8 (mmol·L)1/2and 6.1 - 6.5, respectively, indicating that they have little impacts on soil physical and chemical properties and are basically non-corrosive, making them suitable for irrigation and industrial water use. The saturation index of accumulated water in the burnt area is 0.8 - 1.2, exceeding 0.6, indicating a tendency towards scaling. Generally, it cannot be directly used as irrigation water, but can be used for industrial water use. The water quality of the water tank is severely polluted, with indicators such as soluble sodium percentage (78.4% - 84.5%), magnesium hazard ratio (62.9% - 72.0%), Razner stability index(7.2 - 7.7), and Larson ratio (8.0 - 12.0), indicating that this type of water poses a high risk to soil alkalinity and permeability, and has severe corrosiveness, with poor potential for functional utilization.

Ecologically fragile mining area  /  Mine water  /  Resource utilization  /  Functional utilization  /  Suitability evaluation
谢国良, 廉开元, 严明林, 韩高将, 王开闯, 蒋文. 生态脆弱矿区矿井水特征及资源化适宜性研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (4) : 278 -288 .
Guoliang XIE, Kaiyuan LIAN, Minglin YAN, Gaojiang HAN, Kaichuang WANG, Wen JIANG. Study on Characteristics of Mine Water and Suitability for Resource Utilization in Ecologically Fragile Mining Area[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (4) : 278 -288 .
煤炭作为我国主体能源和重要工业原料,对国民经济和社会高质量发展具有极其重要的作用,短期内煤炭的主体能源地位不可动摇[1-2]。然而,我国水资源与煤炭资源呈逆向分布,西部地区煤炭储量丰富,但是水资源匮乏,生态环境脆弱[3-4]。煤炭的高强度开采破坏原始岩层结构,扰动地下含水层,导致地下水流失严重,并产生大量污染性矿井水,据统计,每生产1 t原煤约产生2 t矿井水[5]。受污染矿井水直接利用或外排不仅会造成水资源浪费,还会引发河流污染、土地盐碱化、动植物死亡等一系列环境问题。因此,生态脆弱矿区矿井水功能性利用适宜性评价对实现矿井水资源化利用、缓解矿井水资源紧张以及煤炭安全高效绿色开采具有重要意义。
目前,已有学者对矿井水资源化利用可行性评价开展了一定的研究。OBIORASC等[6]通过检测重金属离子浓度评价矿井水的可饮用性;王昱同等[7]采用层次-综合污染指数法确定矿井水水质等级,并以此为依据评价矿井水的工业用水适宜性;石金芳等[8]利用SAR(钠吸附比)、Kellys指数等作为评价指标对矿井水的灌溉适宜性进行评价。这些研究仅针对单一利用模式进行评价,并且评价方法对影响因素考虑不充分,缺乏综合性的分析评价。
本文以典型生态脆弱矿区榆树岭煤矿为研究对象,根据矿井水特征划分功能性利用类型,建立饮用适宜性评价标准,并采用钠吸附比、渗透性指数、饱和指数、雷兹纳指数等为评价指标,分别对多源矿井水资源的饮用适宜性、灌溉适宜性、工业用水适宜性进行评价,最后综合评价确定各类矿井水的功能性利用适宜性,以期为研究区矿井水分源处理、分级利用的多功能资源化利用提供理论支撑。
榆树岭矿区位于新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区。该矿区降水稀少且蒸发量大,属于暖温带大陆性干旱气候,在环境条件及矿产资源开发的双重影响下,水资源短缺和土地荒漠化严重,是典型的生态脆弱矿区[9-10]。该矿区共有5层可采煤层,其中北部煤层露头形成火烧区。区内出露的主要地层由上到下为第四系全新统(Q4)、下侏罗统阿合组(Jla)、下侏罗统塔里奇克组(Jlt)、上三叠统黄山街组(T3hs),主要含水层为第四系全新统冲、洪积砂砾石含水层(H1),侏罗系下统阿合组含水层(H2),烧变岩含水层(H3),侏罗系下统塔里奇克组孔隙、裂隙承压含水层(H4)。依据矿区水文地质勘探报告,矿井水直接充水来源主要为烧变岩含水层(H3)与孔隙、裂隙承压含水层(H4),矿井水文地质情况如图1所示。
为全面了解榆树岭矿区矿井水能否适合功能性利用,分别对11采区顶板裂隙水(A1、A2、A3、A4),采空区积水(B1、B2、B3、B4),火烧区积水(C1、C2、C3、C4),水仓水(D1、D2、D3、D4)进行采样,每类矿井水分别采集4个样品,总计16个样品。采样点覆盖研究区主采煤层下五煤的主要工作面,采样点分布如图2所示。
使用1 L塑料瓶采集水样。用待取水样润洗取样瓶2~3次后再进行取样,经过沉淀过滤处理后封装并贴签标注取样时间和地点,送至测试中心进行检测。检测依据的标准为《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017),每组水样测试3次,取其平均值为最终结果,以减少误差。根据矿井水利用方向的适宜性评价指标所需项目进行检测,检测项目为:Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、Cl-、、、、Fe2+、、TDS、pH以及总硬度等常规指标。此外,还对、F-、Hg、As、Se、Cd、Cr等毒理指标进行检测。
为实现矿井水安全绿色高效利用,必须优先进行功能性利用适宜性评价。为实现对矿井水的资源化适宜性评价,首先要确定矿井水潜在利用途径,划分矿井水不同功能性利用类型,分别选取不同利用方向的适宜性评价指标,分析确定适宜性评价等级及评价标准,建立不同方向的适宜性评价指标体系(见图3)。
通过Piper三线图、系统聚类分析以及模糊综合评价法将矿井水利用途径划分为饮用、灌溉与工业用水三类。建立饮用适宜性评价标准对矿井水饮用适宜性进行评价;采用钠吸附比(SAR)、可溶性钠百分比(SSP)、渗透性指数(PI)与镁危害比(MHR)作为矿井水灌溉适宜性评价指标;采用饱和指数(LSI)、侵蚀指数(AI)、雷兹纳指数(RSI)和拉森比率(LR)作为矿井水工业用水适宜性评价指标。以这些指标为基础,综合分析评价确定矿区各类矿井水资源化利用的适宜性。
模糊综合评价法采用隶属函数表示隶属度,进而定量描述水体“污染程度”“分类指标”等模糊的概念,考虑各单项因素进行综合评价[11-12]。其评价过程包括4个步骤。
(1)建立评价标准。依据《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)中的地下水质量分类指标限值制作矿井水水质评价标准,见表1。
(2)隶属度确定。对于第j类评价类别,当j=1时:
当1<j<5时:
当j=5时:
式中:Rij为第i个指标对第j类评价类别的隶属度;Xi为第i个指标的实测值;Cij为第i个指标的第j类评价类别的限值。
构建模糊矩阵R:
(3)权重确定。将检测指标的各类标准值的平均值作为划分污染等级的分界点,并对其权重作归一化处理:
式中:Ci为第i个指标的分类标准的平均值;Qi为第i个指标的实测值与第i个指标的分类标准的平均值的比值;Ai为第i个指标的权值;k为评价类别数量;n为评价指标数量。
构建权重矩阵A:
(4)模糊综合评价。矿井水水质模糊综合评价数学模型为:
式中,W为综合评价值。
本文计算除特殊说明外,单位均为mg·L-1。
依据国标《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2022)和《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017),建立矿井水饮用适宜性评价标准,见表2。
钠吸附比(SAR)表征水中Na+含量及其与土壤中阳离子交换作用,可以衡量灌溉水的咸度及造成土壤碱化程度[13]。依据SAR值可将灌溉用水分为4类[14]:非常适宜灌溉[MSAR<10(mmol·L-1)1/2]、适宜灌溉[10(mmol·L-1)1/2≤MSAR≤18(mmol·L-1)1/2]、不确定[18(mmol·L-1)1/2<MSAR≤26(mmol·L-1)1/2]及不适宜灌溉[MSAR>26(mmol·L-1)1/2]。其计算公式为:
式中:MSAR为SAR计算值,(mmol·L-1)1/2;c(Na+)、c(Ca2+)、c(Mg2+)分别Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+的浓度,mmol·L-1。
可溶性钠百分比(SSP)反映灌溉水中Na+、K+浓度的百分占比,当其浓度过高时会导致土壤渗透性较低,阻挡土壤水分运移,当MSSP>60%时,则不宜用于农田灌溉[15]。其计算公式为:
式中:MSSP为SSP计算值,%;c(K+)为K+浓度,mmol·L-1。
渗透性指数(PI)表示水体对土壤渗透性的影响程度,根据PI值将矿井水灌溉适宜性划分为3类[16-17]:适宜灌溉(MPI>75%)、比较适宜灌溉(25%≤MPI≤75%)、不适宜灌溉(MPI<25%)。PI的计算公式为:
式中:MPI为PI计算值,%;c()为浓度,mmol·L-1。
采用镁危害比(MHR)表征Mg2+对灌溉适宜性的影响,根据MHR值将地下水的灌溉适宜性分为两类[18]:适宜灌溉(MMHR≤50%),不适宜灌溉(MMHR>50%)。其计算公式为:
式中,MMHR为MHR计算值,%。
饱和指数(LSI)表征碳酸钙固体与含二氧化碳溶液之间的平衡关系,其值等于水样实测的pH(wpH)减去饱和pH(spH)所得的值[19]。根据LSI的值,将水样分为5类[20]:严重腐蚀性(-2.0≤MLSI≤-0.5)、轻微腐蚀性(-0.5<MLSI<0)、稳定性(MLSI=0)、轻微结垢(0<MLSI<0.5)、结垢(0.5≤MLSI≤2)。其计算公式为:
式中:MLSI为LSI计算值;A为总溶解固体系数;B为温度系数;C为钙离子浓度系数;D为碱度系数;T为温度,℃;c′(TDS)、c′(Ca2+)、c′(CaCO3)分别为TDS、Ca2+、CaCO3质量浓度,mg·L-1。
侵蚀指数(AI)可表征水体对金属的侵蚀程度[21],按照水质腐蚀能力强弱,分为严重腐蚀(MAI<10)、中等腐蚀(10≤MAI≤12)、不腐蚀(MAI>12)。其计算公式为:
式中,MAI为AI计算值。
雷兹纳稳定指数(RSI)能够表征水中碳酸钙的析出与溶解倾向,根据RSI值将水样分为3类[22]:结垢水(MRSI<6)、基本稳定(6≤MRSI≤7)、腐蚀性水(MRSI>7)。其计算公式为:
式中,MRSI为RSI计算值。
拉森比率(LR)表征水体减缓腐蚀的能力[23]。基于LR的分类标准,当MLR<0.8时,水体属于结垢水质;当0.8≤MLR≤1.2时,属于轻微结垢水质;当MLR>1.2时,属于腐蚀水质。其计算公式为:
式中:MLR为LR计算值;c(Cl-)、c()分别为Cl-、浓度,mmol·L-1。
矿井水水质指标检测结果见表3、表4。根据矿井水水质检测结果绘制Piper三线图,如图4所示,图中每个点代表一个水质样品。
从表3可知,裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水pH在7.25~8.09之间,呈弱碱性,水仓水pH在6.72~9.97之间,呈弱酸性。各类型矿井水TDS均远大于1 000 mg·L-1,属于苦咸水,其中裂隙水、采空区积水TDS在2 125~2 921 mg·L-1之间,为淡咸水,火烧区积水、水仓水TDS在3 349~5 078 mg·L-1之间,为咸水,水仓水矿化度远高于其他类型矿井水。在Piper三线图中,同类型水样点分布密集,水化学特征基本相同,不同类型水样点分布相对分散,显示差异性。矿井水中阳离子Na+具有明显优势,质量浓度在37%~88%之间,由采空区积水向水仓水优势显著增强,阴离子中+Cl-浓度较高,质量浓度在72%~92%之间,矿井水水化学类型主要为型。
选取、、Cl-、、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Fe、、Na+作为指标,对水化学数据进行系统聚类分析,分类结果见图5。
根据图5分析可知,系统聚类最大距离为0.22,研究区同类型水样水质相似,据此可将矿井水划分为4个分类,Ⅰ类为裂隙水,Ⅱ类为火烧区积水,Ⅲ类为采空区积水,Ⅳ类为水仓水,其中Ⅱ类水包含A4水样,裂隙水与火烧区积水水质较为接近。
根据模糊综合评价法步骤对榆树岭矿区各样品水质进行评价,评价结果见表5。由表5可知,模糊综合评价矿井水Ⅴ类水隶属度在0.812~0.991之间,水质评价结果均为Ⅴ类,水化学组分含量高,需要经过处理后才能用于各个场景。因此,初步分析该研究区矿井水存在饮用、灌溉以及工业三种利用途径,根据使用目的需要进一步对分源矿井水分析、评价,以确定其饮用适宜性、灌溉适宜性以及工业用水适宜性。
依据表2分别对裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水、水仓水进行饮用适宜性评价分析,具体评价结果见表6。
由表6可知,由于受地层矿物溶滤以及采矿活动等因素的影响,矿区各类型矿井水水质较差,饮用适宜性较低。其中,采空区积水饮用适宜性均为Ⅲ级,综合评价一般不宜饮用,如需饮用,需经相应的处理;火烧区积水和水仓水饮水适宜性均为Ⅳ级,裂隙水饮用适宜性部分Ⅲ级、部分Ⅳ级,以上三类水综合评价为不宜饮用,如需饮用必须经过严格处理,毒理指标超标时要进行水质的监测控制。
根据式(10)至式(13)对各类矿井水的SAR、SSP、PI与MHR值进行计算,评价结果见图6。
由图6(a)可知,裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水SAR值在4.3~13.4(mmol·L-1)1/2之间,碱危害性较小,适宜灌溉,而水仓水SAR最小值为31.6(mmol·L-1)1/2,大于26(mmol·L-1)1/2,直接用于灌溉可能会造成土壤碱化,从而影响植物生长和农业生产。
由图6(b)可知,采空区积水可溶性钠百分比(SSP值)为35.8%~43.2%,符合要求,可直接用于灌溉,裂隙水SSP值为59.3%~63.7%,其中A3、A4水样适宜灌溉,A1、A2水样不适宜灌溉,计算值处于评价分界线附近,导致评价结果出现显著差异,而火烧区积水、水仓水SSP值在61.7%~84.5%之间,均不符合要求,其中水仓水可溶性钠百分比较高,用于灌溉会使得土壤渗透性降低,导致土壤中水分运移受阻。
由图6(c)可知,矿井水渗透指数(PI值)在29.4%~83.9%之间,均大于25%,以该指标进行评价,显示各类型水资源均适宜灌溉,基本不会影响土壤的渗透性。
由图6(d)可知,采空区积水镁危害比指数(MHR值)为38.8%~45.9%,均小于50%,适合作为灌溉用水;水仓水的MHR值为62.9%~72.0%,碱度危害较大,直接用于灌溉会影响农作物和植物的生长;裂隙水MHR值在44.8%~58.1%之间,仅A3水样超过灌溉适宜性阈值,推测为取样地点不同所导致的;火烧区积水镁危害比指数为46.7%~56.0%,C2、C4水样小于50%,C1、C3水样大于50%,该类型水MHR值在评价界限范围附近波动,具备灌溉利用潜力。
以上述4种评价指标为依据,对矿井水灌溉适宜性进行综合评价,综合评价结果见表7。
由表7可知,不同类型矿井水灌溉适宜性差异显著,采空区积水最适宜灌溉,裂隙水次之,而火烧区积水和水仓水的灌溉适宜性相对较差。裂隙水A1、A2、A3水样均仅有一项指标为不适宜,评价结果为比较适宜;A4水样各指标均无不适宜评价,评价结果为适宜;综合评价该类型水比较适宜灌溉,可作为常规灌溉用水使用。采空区积水各水样单项评价指标均为比较适宜及以上水平,综合评价为适宜,该类型水的灌溉适宜性较好,可用于灌溉对水质要求较高的植被及农作物。火烧区积水C1、C3水样均有两项指标为不适宜,评价结果为不适宜,C2、C4水样评价结果为比较适宜,综合评价该类型水基本不适宜灌溉,不能直接作为灌溉水利用,但根据图5分析可知,该类型水指标评价不适宜为SSP和MHR两项,并且其值主要在评价分界线附近,说明火烧区积水具备潜在灌溉适宜性,当该地区水资源匮乏并且植被抗逆性较强时,可作为灌溉用水,或者在经过一定程度处理达标后再进行利用。水仓水SAR、SSP、MHR评价指标均为不适宜,综合评价为不适宜灌溉,直接使用该类型水进行浇灌会破环土壤理化性质,导致土壤劣化,严重限制种植植被的成活和生长发育,所以作为灌溉水利用前必须进行深度处理。
根据公式(14)至式(22)对矿井水的LSI、AI、RSI和LR进行计算,评价其工业用水适宜性,计算结果见图7。
由图7(a)、图7(b)可知,裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水LSI值为0.40~1.15, AI值为12.32~13.10,均无腐蚀性,能够作为工业用水,并且B1、B2、B4水样LSI指标显示为轻微结垢,采空区积水的工业用水适用性较高,而水仓水的LSI值均小于0, AI值小于12,具有腐蚀性,一般不能作为工业用水。
由图7(c)可知,裂隙水、采空区积水RSI值在6.11~6.52之间,水质稳定,无腐蚀和结垢倾向,工业适用性较高,火烧区积水RSI值为5.79~6.18, C1、C4水样属于结垢型水,C2、C3水样属于稳定性水,可直接进行工业利用,水仓水RSI值均大于7,具备腐蚀性,直接利用会对容器及管道造成损伤。
由图7(d)可知,矿井水LR值在3.15~12.04之间,通过该指标评价矿区各类型水样均具有腐蚀性,其中,裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水LR值较低,处于低腐蚀性水平,水仓水LR值较高,腐蚀性较强,工业用水适宜性较差。
以上述四种评价指标为依据,对矿井水工业用水适宜性进行综合评价,综合评价结果见表8。
由表8可知,在研究区的各类矿井水中,采空区积水的工业用水适宜性极高,裂隙水、火烧区积水亦具备工业用水适宜性,而水仓水的水质较差,不能作为工业用水直接利用。采空区积水AI、RSI评价均为稳定水质,LSI评价显示仅轻微结垢,LR值也相对较低,综合评价为非常适宜,适合用作各种工业场景的用水。裂隙水、火烧区积水仅LR值处于低腐蚀水平,其余评价均无腐蚀性,综合评价适宜作为工业用水,但是根据LSI及RSI评价指标,两种类型水均为结垢型水,且火烧区积水的结垢能力更强,在进行工业利用时应考虑进行定期除垢。水仓水四项评价指标均显示具有腐蚀性,综合评价结果为不适宜,该类型水的工业用水适宜性较差,一般不能直接进行工业利用,需进行水质净化处理或接触对象涂有防腐蚀镀层时,才能作为工业用水使用。
(1)榆树岭矿区各类型矿井水TDS均远大于1 000 mg·L-1,属于苦咸水,Na+质量浓度在37%~88%之间,质量浓度在72%~92%之间,水化学类型主要为型,系统聚类最大距离为0.22,模糊综合评价矿井水V类水质隶属度在0.812~0.991之间,水化学组分含量高,需要经过深度处理后才能应用于各个场景。
(2)裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水、水仓水饮用适宜性评价结果均为Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级,受地层矿物溶滤以及采矿活动等因素的影响,矿区各类型水资源水质较差,不适宜饮用,如需饮用必须经过严格处理,且毒理指标超标时要进行水质的监测控制。
(3)各类型矿井水灌溉适宜性差距较大,裂隙水、采空区积水SAR[4.3~10.8(mmol·L-1)1/2]、SSP(35.8%~63.7%)、PI(29.4%~63.0%)、MHR(38.8%~58.1%)评价结果为基本能作为灌溉水直接使用;火烧区积水SSP值超过60%,MHR值部分低于50%,灌溉适宜性较差,但在一定条件下可作为灌溉用水;水仓水SAR、SSP、MHR指标评价结果均为不适宜,对土壤碱度和渗透性危害较大,必须进行处理达标后才能用于灌溉。
(4)研究区内裂隙水、采空区积水、火烧区积水LSI(0.40~1.15)、AI(12.32~13.10)、RSI(5.8~6.5)评价结果为基本无腐蚀性,可直接作为工业用水使用,其中,采空区积水水质稳定,适合用作各种工业场景的用水,裂隙水、火烧区积水LSI值为0.6~1.2,属于结垢型水,在利用时应考虑除垢。水仓水AI、RSI、LR评价结果均具有腐蚀性,一般不能直接进行工业利用,需进行水质净化或对接触体进行防腐蚀处理后,才可用作工业用水。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52022107; 52174128)
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2025年第45卷第4期
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  • 接收时间:2024-05-14
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-14
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国家自然科学基金项目(52022107; 52174128)
作者信息
    1.库车市榆树岭煤矿有限责任公司,新疆 阿克苏市 842000
    2.中国矿业大学 矿业工程学院,江苏 徐州市 221116

通讯作者:

廉开元(1999—),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为煤炭资源绿色开采。E-mail:
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