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Article(id=1322907612416717043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322907425740825534, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1721664000000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793335353234, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1750780800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793335353234, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793335353234, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793335353234, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322907425740825534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='300', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1750780800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793335308726, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793335308726, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=280, endPage=287, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322907612580294900, articleId=1322907612416717043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Reagent System Optimization of a Copper-Cobalt Mineral Processing Plant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In view of the problems of large dosage of reagents and high cost in the traditional lime-free sodium sulfide flotation process of copper-cobalt sulfide ore and sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, a study on the optimization and adjustment of the reagent system was carried out at a processing plant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The pH and flotation environment of pulp were adjusted by adding lime to reduce the dosage of Na2S. As the amount of lime increases, the dosage of Na2S continues to decrease, and the impact on copper-cobalt recovery is relatively small. However, when the amount of lime increases to a certain value and then increases again, the decrease in Na2S dosage is relatively small, while the cobalt recovery rate of copper-cobalt sulfide ore decreases more significantly, and the copper recovery rates of both ores also show a downward trend. For copper-cobalt sulfide ores, when the lime dosage is 500−700 g/t, the Na2S unit consumption is reduced from 637.71 g/t without lime to 312.48 g/t, and the recovery rates of copper and cobalt are 93.38% and 91.82%, respectively. For sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, when the lime dosage is less than 350 g/t, the Na2S unit consumption is decreased from 732.57 g/t without lime to 517.35 g/t, and the copper recovery rate is 86.01%. After the optimization of the reagent system, the cost of flotation reagent for copper-cobalt sulfide ore is reduced from the original USD 1.77 to USD 1.58 per ton, with a decrease of 10.73%. The cost of flotation reagents for sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is reduced from the original USD 2.12 to USD 1.74 per ton, with a decrease of 17.92%, all of which have good economic effects.

, authors=Ding DAI, Shuchao ZHANG, Mingze GUO, Tao SHENG, authorsList=Ding DAI, Shuchao ZHANG, Mingze GUO, Tao SHENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322907614442565889, articleId=1322907612416717043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=刚果（金）某铜钴选矿厂的药剂制度优化研究, columnId=1226462297560892399, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=选矿与资源综合利用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对刚果(金)某选矿厂硫化铜钴矿和硫氧混合铜矿硫化浮选工艺存在硫化剂药剂用量大、成本高的问题，开展了药剂制度优化研究，通过添加石灰调节矿浆pH和矿浆浮选环境，降低了Na2S药剂用量。随着石灰用量的增加，Na2S的用量不断下降，而铜钴回收率受到的影响均较小，但石灰用量增加到一定值后再增加，Na2S用量的降幅较小，而硫化铜钴矿的钴回收率下降比较明显，两种矿石的铜回收率也表现出下降的趋势。对于硫化铜钴矿，当石灰用量为500~700 g/t时，Na2S的单耗由不加石灰时的637.71 g/t降低至312.48 g/t，铜钴回收率分别为93.38%，91.82%；对于硫氧混合铜矿，当石灰用量小于350 g/t时，Na2S的单耗由不加石灰时的732.57 g/t降低至517.35 g/t，铜回收率为86.01%。药剂制度优化后，硫化铜钴矿的浮选药剂成本由原来的1.77 美元/t降低至1.58 美元/t，降幅为10.73%；硫氧混合铜矿的浮选药剂成本从原来的2.12 美元/t降低到1.74 美元/t，降幅为17.92%，均具有较好的经济效果。

, authors=代定, 张书超, 郭明泽, 盛涛, authorsList=代定, 张书超, 郭明泽, 盛涛, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

代定（1989—），男，汉族，陕西商洛人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺技术研究及生产管理工作。E-mail:

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代定（1989—），男，汉族，陕西商洛人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺技术研究及生产管理工作。E-mail:

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代定（1989—），男，汉族，陕西商洛人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺技术研究及生产管理工作。E-mail:

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Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Section), 2018(5):10-15+52., articleTitle=Study on experimental process of reyna copper ore in Zanlbia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322907629613363574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=33, issue=2, pageStart=106, pageEnd=109+113, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=38, authorNames=顾兆云, 毕松梅, 龚志华, journalName=现代矿业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=顾兆云，毕松梅，龚志华.河南某铜矿石铜钴选矿回收试验[J].现代矿业，2017，33(2):106-109+113., articleTitle=河南某铜矿石铜钴选矿回收试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322907629747581303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=33, issue=2, pageStart=106, pageEnd=109+113, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=39, authorNames=GU Zhaoyun, BI Songmei, GONG Zhihua, journalName=Modern Mining, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GU Zhaoyun, BI Songmei, GONG Zhihua. Copper and cobalt beneficiation experiment on a copper ore in Henan[J]. Modern Mining, 2017, 33(2):106-109+113., articleTitle=Copper and cobalt beneficiation experiment on a copper ore in Henan, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322907614773915907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322907614786498820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, companyId=1322907614773915907, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Co., Ltd., Tongxiang, Zhejiang 314500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322907614794887429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, companyId=1322907614773915907, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江华友钴业股份有限公司，浙江　桐乡市　314500)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322907618741727528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Closed-circuit test process for the beneficiation of copper-cobalt sulfide ore, figureFileSmall=As0R8WgT7AdFjtz84YGKiA==, figureFileBig=V6HAy0t80kkCjrVopO+ocQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620352340271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=图1, caption=铜钴硫化矿选矿闭路试验流程, figureFileSmall=As0R8WgT7AdFjtz84YGKiA==, figureFileBig=V6HAy0t80kkCjrVopO+ocQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620545278256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The influence of lime dosage on the recovery rates of copper and cobalt in beneficiation of copper-cobalt sulfide ore, figureFileSmall=gbiCKMSuCbKtsEqhUaMf7w==, figureFileBig=4R3tZh6wycyok8Lmbh1s3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620637552945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=图2, caption=硫化铜钴矿选矿中石灰用量对铜、钴回收率的影响, figureFileSmall=gbiCKMSuCbKtsEqhUaMf7w==, figureFileBig=4R3tZh6wycyok8Lmbh1s3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620713050418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The influence of lime dosage on the copper and cobalt grades of concentrate in beneficiation of copper-cobalt sulfide ore, figureFileSmall=4Jc6r7DQ2GUhbKglEvoypA==, figureFileBig=ZunlKcsu6UsAHzKMjpAdJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620771770675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=图3, caption=硫化铜钴矿选矿中石灰用量对精矿铜、钴品位的影响, figureFileSmall=4Jc6r7DQ2GUhbKglEvoypA==, figureFileBig=ZunlKcsu6UsAHzKMjpAdJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620851462452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The influence of lime dosage on the unit consumption of other reagents in beneficiation of copper-cobalt sulfide ore, figureFileSmall=nIJ2f4Vn4DAo1UI6wovSNw==, figureFileBig=zmygngr4Vx4NXXpiZoVxRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907620935348533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=图4, caption=硫化铜钴矿选矿中石灰用量对其他药剂单耗的影响, figureFileSmall=nIJ2f4Vn4DAo1UI6wovSNw==, figureFileBig=zmygngr4Vx4NXXpiZoVxRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907621031817526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The influence of lime dosages on grade and recovery rate of copper in beneficiation of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, figureFileSmall=y3pCp57pzQq2ZKPcUmy78A==, figureFileBig=BGr3waxSp1qRR7dfrCgF4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907621124092215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=图5, caption=硫氧混合铜矿选矿中石灰用量对铜品位和铜回收率的影响, figureFileSmall=y3pCp57pzQq2ZKPcUmy78A==, figureFileBig=BGr3waxSp1qRR7dfrCgF4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907621203783992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=The influence of lime dosage on the unit consumption of other reagents in beneficiation of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, figureFileSmall=yCQ6JneT+pfsnfseNNbZtg==, figureFileBig=qGSZf4XBUBn4l86ctqJ+DQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907621287670073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=图6, caption=硫氧混合铜矿选矿中石灰用量对其他药剂单耗的影响, figureFileSmall=yCQ6JneT+pfsnfseNNbZtg==, figureFileBig=qGSZf4XBUBn4l86ctqJ+DQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322907621371556154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Analysis results of main chemical components of copper-cobalt associated sulfide ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CuCoSFeCaMgMn
1.440.331.651.831.126.070.08
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621442859323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

铜钴伴生硫化矿的主要化学元素分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CuCoSFeCaMgMn
1.440.331.651.831.126.070.08
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621526745404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Analysis results of main chemical components of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CuSFeCaMgAl铜氧化率
1.331.532.5914.814.160.0415.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621602242877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

硫氧混合铜矿的主要化学元素分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CuSFeCaMgAl铜氧化率
1.331.532.5914.814.160.0415.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621694517566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Closed-circuit test results of beneficiation of copper-cobalt sulfide ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品产率/%品位/%回收率/%
CuCoCuCo
精矿5.6326.116.2394.1487.16
尾矿94.370.100.055.8612.84
原矿100.001.560.40100.00100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621765820735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

铜钴硫化矿选矿闭路试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品产率/%品位/%回收率/%
CuCoCuCo
精矿5.6326.116.2394.1487.16
尾矿94.370.100.055.8612.84
原矿100.001.560.40100.00100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621837123904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Technical indicators of mineral processing of copper-cobalt sulfide ore under different lime dosages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量/(g/t)原矿品位/%精矿品位/%尾矿品位/%回收率/%
CuCoSCuCoSCuCoCuCo
01.570.32—18.963.78—0.100.0393.8592.52
≤200(141.44)1.460.381.4018.454.7720.070.090.0294.4694.09
200~500(296.00)1.440.301.6818.743.8421.940.100.0393.5291.30
500~700(591.68)1.410.341.6918.524.4022.440.100.0393.3891.82
>700(878.48)1.500.311.7419.173.8322.030.100.0393.5590.26
), ArticleFig(id=1322907621929398593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同石灰用量条件下的硫化铜钴矿选矿技术指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量/(g/t)原矿品位/%精矿品位/%尾矿品位/%回收率/%
CuCoSCuCoSCuCoCuCo
01.570.32—18.963.78—0.100.0393.8592.52
≤200(141.44)1.460.381.4018.454.7720.070.090.0294.4694.09
200~500(296.00)1.440.301.6818.743.8421.940.100.0393.5291.30
500~700(591.68)1.410.341.6918.524.4022.440.100.0393.3891.82
>700(878.48)1.500.311.7419.173.8322.030.100.0393.5590.26
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622009090370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

The unit consumption of other reagents under different dosage of lime in beneficiation of copper-cobalt sulfide ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量硫化钠黄药松醇油Z-200
0637.71138.61140.0456.25
≤200(141.44)558.69111.12164.3662.38
200~500(296.00)389.76122.11172.3871.77
500~700(591.68)312.48107.87167.3573.97
>700(878.48)296.8799.92169.2373.52
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622092976451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

硫化铜钴矿选矿中不同石灰用量下的其他药剂单耗

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量硫化钠黄药松醇油Z-200
0637.71138.61140.0456.25
≤200(141.44)558.69111.12164.3662.38
200~500(296.00)389.76122.11172.3871.77
500~700(591.68)312.48107.87167.3573.97
>700(878.48)296.8799.92169.2373.52
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622185251140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Technical indicators of mineral processing of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore under different lime dosages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量/(g/t)原矿品位/%精矿品位/%铜回收率/%
CuS氧化率CuS
01.431.7415.4815.3218.8785.67
≤350(287.57)1.361.4819.1015.2418.8586.01
350~700(517.85)1.341.4314.5615.4218.9188.28
>700(777.57)1.431.7021.1315.9416.5085.74
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622264942917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

不同石灰用量条件下的硫氧混合铜矿选矿技术指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量/(g/t)原矿品位/%精矿品位/%铜回收率/%
CuS氧化率CuS
01.431.7415.4815.3218.8785.67
≤350(287.57)1.361.4819.1015.2418.8586.01
350~700(517.85)1.341.4314.5615.4218.9188.28
>700(777.57)1.431.7021.1315.9416.5085.74
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622340440390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

The unit consumption of other reagents under different dosage of lime inbeneficiation of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量Na2S黄药Z-200松醇油
0732.57167.8873.70163.65
287.57517.35138.1363.03141.31
517.85644.58119.1749.90169.40
777.57625.78152.0752.38156.21
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622415937863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

硫氧混合铜矿选矿中不同石灰用量下的其他药剂单耗

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
石灰用量Na2S黄药Z-200松醇油
0732.57167.8873.70163.65
287.57517.35138.1363.03141.31
517.85644.58119.1749.90169.40
777.57625.78152.0752.38156.21
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622487241032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Production indicators and reagent consumption of the beneficiation of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore under different oxidation rates of raw ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原矿氧化率/%原矿品位/%精矿品位/%Cu回收率/%药剂用量/(g/t)
CuSCuSNa2S石灰
<15(12.45)1.381.6815.6819.1788.93633.99402.01
≥15(22.19)1.361.3115.3817.0285.03579.55519.01
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622604681545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

不同原矿氧化率下的硫氧混合铜矿选矿生产指标及药剂消耗量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原矿氧化率/%原矿品位/%精矿品位/%Cu回收率/%药剂用量/(g/t)
CuSCuSNa2S石灰
<15(12.45)1.381.6815.6819.1788.93633.99402.01
≥15(22.19)1.361.3115.3817.0285.03579.55519.01
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622684373322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Production indicators and reagent consumption of the beneficiation of sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore under different grades of raw ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原矿品位/%原矿氧化率/%精矿品位/%Cu回收率/%药剂用量/(g/t)
CuSCuSNa2S石灰
<1.3(1.22)1.4718.8713.9518.5886.07560.74431.38
≥1.3(1.52)1.5514.8817.1417.8188.24657.75479.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622797619531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

不同原矿品位下的硫氧混合铜矿选矿生产指标及药剂消耗量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原矿品位/%原矿氧化率/%精矿品位/%Cu回收率/%药剂用量/(g/t)
CuSCuSNa2S石灰
<1.3(1.22)1.4718.8713.9518.5886.07560.74431.38
≥1.3(1.52)1.5514.8817.1417.8188.24657.75479.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622877311308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

Comparison of reagent costs before and after optimization of reagents system for beneficiation of the copper-cobalt sulfide ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
药剂名称单价/(美元/t)用量/(g/t)单位成本/(美元/t)
优化前优化后优化前优化后
Na2S1 370.54637.71312.480.870.43
丁基黄药2 624.60138.61107.870.360.28
Z-2004 872.8056.2573.970.270.36
松醇油1 944.22140.04167.350.270.33
石灰310.380287.5700.09
合计1.771.58
), ArticleFig(id=1322907622973780301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

铜钴硫化矿选矿药剂制度优化前后的药剂成本对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
药剂名称单价/(美元/t)用量/(g/t)单位成本/(美元/t)
优化前优化后优化前优化后
Na2S1 370.54637.71312.480.870.43
丁基黄药2 624.60138.61107.870.360.28
Z-2004 872.8056.2573.970.270.36
松醇油1 944.22140.04167.350.270.33
石灰310.380287.5700.09
合计1.771.58
), ArticleFig(id=1322907623082832206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=EN, label=Table 11, caption=

Comparison of reagent costs before and after optimization of reagents system for beneficiation of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
药剂名称单价/(美元/t)用量/(g/t)单位成本/(美元/t)
优化前优化后优化前优化后
Na2S1 370.54732.57517.351.000.71
丁基黄药2 624.60167.88138.130.440.36
Z-2004 872.8073.7063.030.360.31
松醇油1 944.22163.65141.310.320.27
石灰310.380287.5700.09
合计2.121.74
), ArticleFig(id=1322907623183495503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322907612416717043, language=CN, label=表11, caption=

硫氧混合铜矿选矿中药剂制度优化前后的药剂成本对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
药剂名称单价/(美元/t)用量/(g/t)单位成本/(美元/t)
优化前优化后优化前优化后
Na2S1 370.54732.57517.351.000.71
丁基黄药2 624.60167.88138.130.440.36
Z-2004 872.8073.7063.030.360.31
松醇油1 944.22163.65141.310.320.27
石灰310.380287.5700.09
合计2.121.74
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刚果（金）某铜钴选矿厂的药剂制度优化研究
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代定 , 张书超 , 郭明泽 , 盛涛
矿业研究与开发 | 选矿与资源综合利用 2025,45(6): 280-287
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矿业研究与开发 |选矿与资源综合利用 2025 , 45 (6) : 280 -287
刚果（金）某铜钴选矿厂的药剂制度优化研究
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代定 , 张书超, 郭明泽, 盛涛
作者信息
  • 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司，浙江　桐乡市　314500
作者简介:

代定（1989—），男，汉族，陕西商洛人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺技术研究及生产管理工作。E-mail:

Reagent System Optimization of a Copper-Cobalt Mineral Processing Plant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ding DAI , Shuchao ZHANG, Mingze GUO, Tao SHENG
Affiliations
  • Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Co., Ltd., Tongxiang, Zhejiang 314500, China
出版时间: 2025-06-25
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摘要
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针对刚果(金)某选矿厂硫化铜钴矿和硫氧混合铜矿硫化浮选工艺存在硫化剂药剂用量大、成本高的问题，开展了药剂制度优化研究，通过添加石灰调节矿浆pH和矿浆浮选环境，降低了Na2S药剂用量。随着石灰用量的增加，Na2S的用量不断下降，而铜钴回收率受到的影响均较小，但石灰用量增加到一定值后再增加，Na2S用量的降幅较小，而硫化铜钴矿的钴回收率下降比较明显，两种矿石的铜回收率也表现出下降的趋势。对于硫化铜钴矿，当石灰用量为500~700 g/t时，Na2S的单耗由不加石灰时的637.71 g/t降低至312.48 g/t，铜钴回收率分别为93.38%，91.82%；对于硫氧混合铜矿，当石灰用量小于350 g/t时，Na2S的单耗由不加石灰时的732.57 g/t降低至517.35 g/t，铜回收率为86.01%。药剂制度优化后，硫化铜钴矿的浮选药剂成本由原来的1.77 美元/t降低至1.58 美元/t，降幅为10.73%；硫氧混合铜矿的浮选药剂成本从原来的2.12 美元/t降低到1.74 美元/t，降幅为17.92%，均具有较好的经济效果。

硫化铜钴矿  /  硫氧混合铜矿  /  浮选石灰  /  药剂制度优化  /  药剂成本

In view of the problems of large dosage of reagents and high cost in the traditional lime-free sodium sulfide flotation process of copper-cobalt sulfide ore and sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, a study on the optimization and adjustment of the reagent system was carried out at a processing plant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The pH and flotation environment of pulp were adjusted by adding lime to reduce the dosage of Na2S. As the amount of lime increases, the dosage of Na2S continues to decrease, and the impact on copper-cobalt recovery is relatively small. However, when the amount of lime increases to a certain value and then increases again, the decrease in Na2S dosage is relatively small, while the cobalt recovery rate of copper-cobalt sulfide ore decreases more significantly, and the copper recovery rates of both ores also show a downward trend. For copper-cobalt sulfide ores, when the lime dosage is 500−700 g/t, the Na2S unit consumption is reduced from 637.71 g/t without lime to 312.48 g/t, and the recovery rates of copper and cobalt are 93.38% and 91.82%, respectively. For sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, when the lime dosage is less than 350 g/t, the Na2S unit consumption is decreased from 732.57 g/t without lime to 517.35 g/t, and the copper recovery rate is 86.01%. After the optimization of the reagent system, the cost of flotation reagent for copper-cobalt sulfide ore is reduced from the original USD 1.77 to USD 1.58 per ton, with a decrease of 10.73%. The cost of flotation reagents for sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is reduced from the original USD 2.12 to USD 1.74 per ton, with a decrease of 17.92%, all of which have good economic effects.

Copper-cobalt sulfide ore  /  Sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore  /  Flotation lime  /  Reagent system optimization  /  Reagent cost
代定, 张书超, 郭明泽, 盛涛. 刚果（金）某铜钴选矿厂的药剂制度优化研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (6) : 280 -287 .
Ding DAI, Shuchao ZHANG, Mingze GUO, Tao SHENG. Reagent System Optimization of a Copper-Cobalt Mineral Processing Plant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (6) : 280 -287 .
正文
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0　引言
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刚果民主共和国简称刚果（金），位于非洲中部。该国的矿产资源种类繁多，且资源储量极为丰富[1]。刚果(金)境内中非铜矿带加丹加地区的钴资源量约占全球钴资源量的60%，且钴多与铜矿物伴生[2-3]。目前，铜钴矿石的选冶工艺主要有洗矿、重介质选矿、浮选、火法熔炼和湿法冶金等[4-5]，选矿工艺以浮选为主，对难选混合矿或氧化矿一般采用浮磁联合工艺综合回收资源[6]。
矿石中铜钴赋存状态复杂，浮选性质差异大，其中，硫化铜矿可采用黄药直接浮选，氧化铜矿中的孔雀石、蓝铜矿则需采用硫化浮选来富集回收[7-9]。刚果(金)的铜钴原矿含有较多的铁氧化物且矿物成分复杂，因此多采用硫化浮选工艺来处理该类矿石，以Na2S或NaHS作硫化剂和调整剂，将氧化矿物预先硫化处理，最后使用黄药类捕收剂进行浮选[10-13]。铜钴矿物通过混合浮选可产出铜钴混合精矿，然后在冶金端再进行铜钴分离[14]。常规硫化浮选工艺由于将Na2S或NaHS既用作氧化矿的硫化剂，又用作矿浆的pH调整剂，导致其用量居高不下。于雪等[15]对从刚果(金)某老尾矿中综合回收有价元素进行了试验研究，发现矿浆pH是影响矿物浮选分离的重要因素，石灰是硫化矿浮选最常用的一种pH调整剂，石灰不但对矿泥具有凝结作用，而且还可以改善矿浆浮选环境和矿物的表面状况。潘自维等[16]对新疆某难处理铜矿进行浮选试验研究，发现碱性环境能避免Na2S的氧化分解，有利于Na2S对氧化铜矿的充分硫化，同时能抑制脉石、去除矿浆中Fe2+等活性杂质离子，对提升回收率、降低Na2S用量均有明显作用，但碱性太高会增加碱用量，同时降低硫化速度。于志超等[17]通过对硫铜钴矿纯矿物进行浮选试验，考察不同pH条件下Na2S和NaHS对硫铜钴矿浮选的影响，结果表明，在碱性较高的条件下硫铜钴矿可浮性较好，调整剂Na2S和NaHS在硫铜钴矿浮选试验中均表现出低用量活化、高用量抑制效果。程琼等[18]对氧化铜矿硫化浮选的现状进行了分析，实践表明，硫化剂的硫化程度和速度取决于矿浆中Na2S的浓度、介质的pH值、温度及搅拌强度。硫化剂在水溶液中首先水解生成H2S，然后分两步水解成HS−和S2−。不同的pH值条件下，HS−离子浓度不同，硫化剂对氧化矿的硫化是HS−发挥作用，存在一个HS−离子的临界浓度，低于该浓度，硫化剂起活化作用。黄药类捕收剂会吸附矿物，使矿物上浮；高于该浓度，硫化剂起抑制作用，黄药类不吸附矿物，矿物的浮选就会受到抑制。因此，在硫化浮选过程中，Na2S用量与矿浆pH值是两个互相联系又互相制约的重要因素。
以往学者对于铜矿硫化浮选研究多集中在硫化作用机理方面，对于碱性环境中硫化剂的用量研究不多，缺少相关研究数据和工业生产数据。本文针对刚果(金)铜矿硫化浮选工艺的Na2S药剂单耗高，选矿药剂成本居高不下的问题，在常规硫化浮选工艺的基础上，通过添加石灰来调节矿浆pH和矿浆浮选环境，研究不同石灰用量条件下Na2S用量对浮选的影响，寻找最佳的药剂制度，以期降低药剂成本，达到降本增效的目的。
1　矿石性质
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硫化铜钴矿石样品的主要含铜矿物为黄铜矿，其次为辉铜矿、斑铜矿和蓝辉铜矿；含钴矿物为硫铜钴矿；其他金属矿物为少量的黄铁矿、褐铁矿、金红石及钛铁矿等。脉石矿物主要由石英、绿泥石、白云石、菱镁矿及白云母组成；局部含少量的炭质物和滑石；偶见磷灰石和榍石等。矿石局部偶见微量铜蓝、孔雀石、硅孔雀石、赤铜矿和水钴矿等铜(钴)次生矿物。硫化铜钴矿石原矿的主要化学元素分析结果见表1。
硫氧混合铜矿石的主要金属矿物为黄铜矿、孔雀石和黄铁矿，其次为斑铜矿和少量的硫铜钴矿及自然铜；脉石主要由石英、方解石、白云石、滑石、绿泥石、绢云母及少量黏土矿物组成。硫氧混合铜矿石主要化学元素分析结果见表2。
2　实验室可行性试验
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试样取自刚果(金)某硫化铜钴矿选矿厂的旋流器溢流，矿样的铜品位为1.56%、钴品位为0.4%。采用一次粗选试验流程，分别开展了石灰用量、Na2S用量、捕收剂用量和2#油用量等条件试验，探索不同浮选条件对硫化矿浮选的影响。
通过条件试验确定最佳药剂用量为：石灰150 g/t，丁基黄药120 g/t, Z-200（乙硫铵脂）50 g/t，松醇油60 g/t, Na2S 50 g/t。在此条件试验基础上进行了一粗两扫一精的闭路试验，获得了产率为5.63%、Cu品位为26.11%、Cu回收率为94.14%、Co品位为6.26%、Co回收率为87.16%的浮选精矿。试验流程及浮选指标见图1和表3。
2023年1月至6月和9月硫化铜钴矿选矿生产中，不添加石灰，Na2S的添加量为637.71 g/t，原矿的铜、钴品位分别为1.57%、0.32%，经过两粗两扫两精的浮选流程获得铜品位为18.96%、钴品位为3.78%，铜回收率为93.85%、钴回收率为92.52%的浮选精矿。而硫化铜钴矿浮选试验通过添加石灰(150 g/t)调浆，Na2S药剂的用量仅为50 g/t，相比实际生产中不加石灰的情况有大幅下降，说明通过添加石灰调节矿浆pH和矿浆浮选环境，以便降低硫化钠药剂用量的方法是可行的。同时，相比实际生产指标，精矿的铜钴品位得到了大幅提升，铜回收率基本与实际生产持平，钴回收率相比实际生产有大幅度的下降。因为部分钴矿物以类质同象的方式赋存于黄铁矿中[19]，在添加石灰调浆的同时，过量的石灰对黄铁矿起到了抑制剂作用，此时部分钴矿物也被一同抑制[20-22]，故铜钴精矿品位升高，而钴回收率下降。
3　工业应用验证试验
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参考试验室可行性试验研究结果，考虑到该工艺的通用性较强，该选矿厂于2023年11月和12月分别进行了硫化铜钴矿和硫氧混合铜矿浮选工艺添加石灰的工业应用验证试验。选矿用水为尾矿回水和矿坑水的混合水。硫化铜钴矿旋流溢流矿浆的pH约为8，硫氧混合铜矿旋流溢流矿浆pH为8.0~8.5。两种矿浆的pH不同主要是由于两个不同矿坑的矿石性质差异以及生产回水差异所致。工业应用验证试验通过改变石灰添加量，调整矿浆的pH和浮选环境，观察不同石灰用量下Na2S用量的降低幅度及浮选指标，重点考察了硫化铜钴矿的钴回收率变化情况，从而确定工业生产的最佳浮选药剂用量。
3.1　硫化铜钴矿浮选工业试验
硫化铜钴矿浮选工业试验的石灰添加量分别为≤200 g/t、200~500 g/t、500~700 g/t、>700 g/t。粗选矿浆的pH相应地分别为8.0~8.5, 8.5~9.4, 9.4~10.0, 10.0~11.5。相关生产指标见表4、图2和图3。
试验结果表明，随着石灰用量的增加，铜的回收率有小幅的降低，即铜的回收受石灰添加量的影响较小。随着石灰用量的增加，精矿的铜品位总体上呈现出增高的趋势。但是，钴的回收率在石灰用量大于700 g/t时有较明显的降低。这印证了浮选过程中添加石灰可以调浆的同时，过量的石灰对黄铁矿也起到了抑制剂作用的结论。此外，精矿的铜钴品位和回收率与原矿的品位密切相关，原矿的品位越高，精矿的品位越高，回收率也相应越高。
随着石灰添加量的增加，Na2S的单耗降幅较明显，当石灰用量为200~500 g/t时，Na2S的单耗为389.76 g/t，石灰用量为500~700 g/t时，Na2S单耗降低至312.48 g/t，当石灰用量进一步提高至700 g/t以上时，Na2S单耗的降幅缩小，Na2S的最低用量为296.87 g/t，相比2023年1—6月和9月不添加石灰时下降了340.84 g/t。黄药的单耗随石灰用量的增加逐步降低，Z-200和松醇油的单耗随着石灰用量的增加逐步增加，而后趋于平稳，三者的合计用量基本维持不变。不同石灰用量下的其他对应药剂用量见表5 和图4。
根据工业试验结果，当石灰用量为500~700 g/t时，Na2S的单耗降低至312.48 g/t，铜钴回收率分别为93.38%、91.82%。当石灰用量进一步提高至大于700 g/t时，Na2S的单耗降幅较小，而钴回收率的降幅较明显。因此，可以确定该硫化铜钴矿浮选的石灰用量以500~700 g/t为宜。
3.2　硫氧混合铜矿浮选工业试验
硫氧混合铜矿浮选工业试验的石灰添加量分别为≤350 g/t、350~700 g/t、>700 g/t。粗选矿浆的pH相应地分别为、9.0~9.5, 9.5~10.0, 10.0~11.5。由于该选矿厂的Na2S用量较大，硫化钠水解呈碱性，因此添加少量的石灰就可以使矿浆的pH升高至9以上。铜精矿品位随石灰用量的增加而增加，铜回收率随石灰用量的增加先增加后减小。相关生产指标见表6和图5。
由表7和图6可知，随着石灰添加量的增加，Na2S的单耗小幅下降；当石灰用量为287.57 g/t时，Na2S的单耗为517.35 g/t，相比于不添加石灰时下降了215.22 g/t；当石灰用量继续增加时，Na2S的单耗有所回升。黄药、松醇油、Z-200的单耗随着石灰用量的增加先降低后升高，但三者的总量变化不大。
硫氧混合铜矿工业试验结果表明，当石灰用量小于等于350 g/t时，Na2S的单耗可降低至517.35 g/t，铜回收率为86.01%。当石灰用量进一步提高，Na2S的单耗有所提高，综合考虑，确定该硫氧混合铜矿浮选的石灰用量以不超过350 g/t为宜。
由于硫氧混合铜矿石的性质比较复杂，生产过程中各项指标波动较大。对工业试验过程中原矿品位和氧化率与生产指标和Na2S单耗的关系进行了分析，原矿不同品位和氧化率对应的生产指标及药剂单耗见表8和表9。精矿品位和回收率与原矿品位呈现正相关性，均随着原矿品位的升高而升高，同时精矿回收率与原矿的氧化率关系密切，随着原矿氧化率的升高，铜回收率的降幅非常明显。Na2S的单耗与原矿的品位和氧化率无线性规律，这也进一步印证了该矿石性质的复杂多变，说明了Na2S单耗的影响因素较多，除了原矿品位、氧化率之外，可能与脉石矿物的种类和含量也有关系。
4　优化前后的药剂成本对比
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根据工业试验的结果，浮选过程中添加石灰可以调节矿浆的pH与浮选环境，降低Na2S的用量，从而大幅地降低选矿的药剂成本。硫化铜钴矿的选矿药剂成本由原来的1.77 美元/t降低至1.58 美元/t，硫氧混合铜矿的选矿药剂成本由原来的2.12 美元/t降低至1.74 美元/t，均取得了较好的经济效益。药剂制度优化前后的药剂用量的成本对比见表10、表11。
5　结论
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（1）根据工业试验结果，优化调整药剂制度后，通过添加石灰调节矿浆的pH与矿浆浮选环境，从而降低Na2S药剂用量的方法对于硫化铜钴矿和硫氧混合铜矿均可行。随着石灰用量的增加，铜钴回收率受到的影响均不大，但石灰用量增加到一定的量后再继续增加，会导致硫化铜钴矿矿浮选的钴回收率明显下降，两种矿石的铜回收率也会呈现出下降的趋势。
（2）在硫化铜钴矿的浮选工业试验中，当不添加石灰时，Na2S的单耗为637.71 g/t，铜钴回收率分别为93.52%、91.30%；石灰用量为500~700 g/t时，Na2S的单耗可降低至312.48 g/t，铜钴回收率分别为93.38%、91.82%。当石灰的用量提高至大于700 g/t时，Na2S单耗的降幅较小，但钴的回收率明显降低，过量的石灰对黄铜矿起抑制作用，部分以类质同象方式赋存于黄铜矿中的钴矿物会被一同抑制。硫化铜钴矿采用石灰调整矿浆pH时，因钴矿物赋存形式的不同，使钴的回收率也不相同，需要综合考虑对钴回收率的影响，选择合适的石灰用量。
（3）在硫氧混合铜矿的浮选工业试验中，当不添加石灰时，Na2S的单耗为732.57 g/t，铜的回收率为85.67%；石灰用量不超过350 g/t时，Na2S的单耗可降低至517.35 g/t，铜回收率为86.01%。当石灰用量进一步提高，Na2S的单耗有所提高。精矿的铜品位和回收率随着原矿品位的升高而升高。随着原矿氧化率的升高，铜回收率下降较明显。影响Na2S单耗的因素较多，除了原矿的品位、氧化率之外，脉石矿物的种类和含量对Na2S的单耗可能也有一定的影响。
（4）药剂制度优化前后，金属回收率基本持平，但通过添加石灰的方式调节矿浆pH与矿浆浮选环境，可以降低Na2S的用量，硫化铜钴矿的浮选药剂成本由原来的1.77 美元/t降低至1.58 美元/t，降幅为10.73%，硫氧混合铜矿的浮选药剂成本从原来的2.12 美元/t降低至1.74 美元/t，降幅为17.92%。通过添加石灰，药剂成本降幅明显，具有较好的经济效益。

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ZHOU Yinghua, JIANG Shaoqing. Situation of copper-cobalt mine development in Congo (DRC) [J]. Geology and Ex prospecting, 2010, 46(3): 525-530.
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FORNASIERO D, RALSTON J. Effect of surface oxide/hydroxide products on the collectorless flotation of copper-activated sphalerite [J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2006, 78(4):231-237.
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朱景和，陈新林，马忠臣.赞比亚某铜钴硫化矿浮选工艺研究[J].有色矿冶，2014，30(2):13-17.
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欧乐明，胡本福，段景文.刚果(金)某难选氧化铜钴矿选矿工艺研究[J].金属矿山，2011(9): 76-81.
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王美丽，丰奇成，王涵.氧化铜矿选冶研究现状及展望[J].矿产综合利用，2021(4):103-109+138.
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印万忠，吴凯.难选氧化铜矿选冶技术现状与展望[J].有色金属工程，2013，3(6):66-70.
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王立刚，张慧，叶岳华，等.刚果(金)某难选铜钴矿选矿工艺技术研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分), 2012(3):10-13.
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GU Zhaoyun, BI Songmei, GONG Zhihua. Copper and cobalt beneficiation experiment on a copper ore in Henan[J]. Modern Mining, 2017, 33(2):106-109+113.
2025年第45卷第6期
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  • 接收时间：2024-07-23
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-06-25
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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