Article(id=1322904480718651435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322844250153275555, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728576000000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793334606579, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793334606579, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793334606579, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793334606579, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322844250153275555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='288', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748102400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793320246494, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793320246494, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=63, endPage=71, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322904481129693228, articleId=1322904480718651435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Research on Mechanical Properties and Optimal Ratio of Grouting Materials Based on Orthogonal Test, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to study the mechanical properties and optimal ratio of carbon nanotube modified superfine cement-based grouting materials, carbon nanotubes, superfine cement, dispersant, defoamator and polyacrylate emulsion were used as raw materials based on three-factor and four-level orthogonal test. The water-cement ratio and the content of carbon nanotubes and polyacrylate emulsion were used as control factors. The viscosity, fluidity, setting time, uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the grouting slurry were tested. The influence of each factor on each index was determined through range analysis and variance analysis. The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus were selected as the index for coupling, and the coupling value was analyzed by range, variance and multivariate linear regression analysis to obtain the optimal ratio and verify it. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the test block decrease with the increase of the water-cement ratio. With the increase of carbon nanotube content, the uniaxial compressive strength of the test block increases first and then decreases, and the elastic modulus shows a trend of increasing first, then decreasing and then increasing again. With the increase of polyacrylate emulsion content, the uniaxial compressive strength of the test block increases first and then decreases, and the elastic modulus shows a decreasing trend. After the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the test block are normalized, the weight of 0.6:0.4 is added and coupled, and the optimal ratio of grouting materials is obtained by range and variance analysis. Through multivariate linear regression analysis and laboratory test verification, the optimal ratio is water-cement ratio of 0.6, carbon nanotubes content of 0.4%, polyacrylate emulsion content of 2.5%. The research results can provide a reference for the optimal ratio of carbon nanotube-modified superfine cement-based grouting materials.

, authors=Yuxu SHEN1, 2, Chengshuai WANG3, 4, Junqing GUO2, Kaiyang GUO1, Wenquan CAO1, authorsList=Yuxu SHEN, Chengshuai WANG, Junqing GUO, Kaiyang GUO, Wenquan CAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322904489082093650, articleId=1322904480718651435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=基于正交试验的注浆材料力学性能及最优配比研究, columnId=1226462294490657775, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=采矿与矿山充填, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为研究碳纳米管改性超细水泥基注浆材料的力学性能与最优配比,基于3因素4水平正交试验,以碳纳米管、超细水泥、分散剂、消泡剂、聚丙烯酸酯乳液为原材料,将水灰比、碳纳米管和聚丙烯酸酯乳液的掺量作为控制因素,测试注浆浆液的黏度、流动度、凝结时间、单轴抗压强度及弹性模量,通过极差分析、方差分析,确定各因素对各指标的影响,选取单轴抗压强度、弹性模量作为指标进行耦合,对耦合值进行极差分析、方差分析及多元线性回归分析,得出最优配比并进行验证。试验结果表明:随着水灰比的增加,试块的单轴抗压强度及弹性模量均呈减小趋势;随着碳纳米管掺量的增加,试块单轴抗压强度呈现先增后减的变化趋势,弹性模量呈现先增后减再增的变化趋势;随着聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量的增加,试块单轴抗压强度呈现先增后减趋势,弹性模量呈现减小趋势。对试块单轴抗压强度和弹性模量进行归一化处理后给予0.6:0.4的权重相加耦合,并对其进行极差分析、方差分析,得出注浆材料最优配比。通过多元回归分析及室内试验验证,最优配比为水灰比0.6,碳纳米管掺量0.4%,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量2.5%。研究结果可为碳纳米管改性超细水泥基注浆材料的最优配比设计提供参考。

, authors=沈玉旭1, 2, 王成帅3, 4, 郭俊庆2, 郭凯洋1, 曹文权1, authorsList=沈玉旭, 王成帅, 郭俊庆, 郭凯洋, 曹文权, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

沈玉旭(1986—),男,山西万荣人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:

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沈玉旭(1986—),男,山西万荣人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:

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沈玉旭(1986—),男,山西万荣人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:

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country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Energy, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322904489866428501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, companyId=1322904489841262675, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西能源学院 矿业工程系,山西 晋中市 030600)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322904493196705878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322904493205094487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, companyId=1322904493196705878, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Key Laboratory of In-Situ Property-Improving Mining of Ministry of 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Basic parameters of carbon nanotube and superfine cement

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原材料外观强度等级拉伸强度/GPa密度/(kg/m3)长度/μm内径/nm外径/nm纯度/%
超细水泥灰色粉末42.5—1 60010———
碳纳米管黑色粉体—≥50803~123~58~1595
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501157494929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

碳纳米管和超细水泥的基本参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
原材料外观强度等级拉伸强度/GPa密度/(kg/m3)长度/μm内径/nm外径/nm纯度/%
超细水泥灰色粉末42.5—1 60010———
碳纳米管黑色粉体—≥50803~123~58~1595
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501220409490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Levels of each factor

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平水灰比(A)碳纳米管掺量(B)/%聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量(C)/%
10.60.00.0
20.70.22.5
30.80.45.0
40.90.67.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501308489875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各因素水平

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平水灰比(A)碳纳米管掺量(B)/%聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量(C)/%
10.60.00.0
20.70.22.5
30.80.45.0
40.90.67.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501434318996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of viscosity orthogonal test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号AB/%C/%黏度/(Pa·s)
10.60.00.052
20.60.22.554
30.60.45.057
40.60.67.560
50.70.02.550
60.70.20.047
70.70.47.556
80.70.65.054
90.80.05.053
100.80.27.558
110.80.40.045
120.80.62.547
130.90.07.551
140.90.25.046
150.90.42.543
160.90.60.037
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501543370901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

黏度正交试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号AB/%C/%黏度/(Pa·s)
10.60.00.052
20.60.22.554
30.60.45.057
40.60.67.560
50.70.02.550
60.70.20.047
70.70.47.556
80.70.65.054
90.80.05.053
100.80.27.558
110.80.40.045
120.80.62.547
130.90.07.551
140.90.25.046
150.90.42.543
160.90.60.037
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501631451286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Analysis results of viscosity range of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
155.7551.5045.25
251.7551.2548.50
350.7550.2552.50
444.2549.5056.25
极差R11.502.0011.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501715337367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

注浆材料黏度极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
155.7551.5045.25
251.7551.2548.50
350.7550.2552.50
444.2549.5056.25
极差R11.502.0011.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501811806360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Results of fluidity orthogonal test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号AB/%C/%流动度/cm
10.60.00.025.10
20.60.22.523.40
30.60.45.020.10
40.60.67.517.50
50.70.02.526.90
60.70.20.038.10
70.70.47.525.50
80.70.65.026.10
90.80.05.029.70
100.80.27.528.40
110.80.40.030.10
120.80.62.529.60
130.90.07.530.30
140.90.25.031.90
150.90.42.532.30
160.90.60.034.20
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501899886745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

流动度正交试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号AB/%C/%流动度/cm
10.60.00.025.10
20.60.22.523.40
30.60.45.020.10
40.60.67.517.50
50.70.02.526.90
60.70.20.038.10
70.70.47.525.50
80.70.65.026.10
90.80.05.029.70
100.80.27.528.40
110.80.40.030.10
120.80.62.529.60
130.90.07.530.30
140.90.25.031.90
150.90.42.532.30
160.90.60.034.20
), ArticleFig(id=1322904501996355738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Analysis results of fluidity range of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
121.5228.0031.88
229.1530.4528.05
329.4527.0026.95
432.1726.8525.43
极差R10.653.606.45
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502151544987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

注浆材料流动度极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
121.5228.0031.88
229.1530.4528.05
329.4527.0026.95
432.1726.8525.43
极差R10.653.606.45
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502235431068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Results of setting time orthogonal test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号AB/%C/%初凝时间/min终凝时间/min
10.60.00.0359388
20.60.22.5337356
30.60.45.0328351
40.60.67.5310327
50.70.02.5368391
60.70.20.0372397
70.70.47.5339350
80.70.65.0321340
90.80.05.0381403
100.80.27.5363379
110.80.40.0372387
120.80.62.5356369
130.90.07.5379408
140.90.25.0399414
150.90.42.5408422
160.90.60.0421439
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502302539933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

凝结时间正交试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号AB/%C/%初凝时间/min终凝时间/min
10.60.00.0359388
20.60.22.5337356
30.60.45.0328351
40.60.67.5310327
50.70.02.5368391
60.70.20.0372397
70.70.47.5339350
80.70.65.0321340
90.80.05.0381403
100.80.27.5363379
110.80.40.0372387
120.80.62.5356369
130.90.07.5379408
140.90.25.0399414
150.90.42.5408422
160.90.60.0421439
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502419980446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Range analysis results of initial setting time of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
1335.50371.75381.00
2350.00367.75367.25
3368.00361.75357.25
4401.75352.00347.75
极差R66.2519.7533.25
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502508060831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

注浆材料初凝时间极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
1335.50371.75381.00
2350.00367.75367.25
3368.00361.75357.25
4401.75352.00347.75
极差R66.2519.7533.25
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502583558304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Range analysis results of final setting time of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
1355.50397.50402.75
2369.50386.50384.50
3384.50377.50377.00
4420.75368.75366.00
极差R65.2528.7536.75
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502650667169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

注浆材料终凝时间极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
1355.50397.50402.75
2369.50386.50384.50
3384.50377.50377.00
4420.75368.75366.00
极差R65.2528.7536.75
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502713581730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

Test results for test blocks of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验编号单轴抗压强度/MPa弹性模量/GPa
113.820.641
214.330.667
314.960.676
414.030.694
512.610.653
613.050.676
713.150.567
812.390.608
910.390.425
1010.460.438
1111.680.491
1211.750.481
138.180.331
148.820.356
159.270.361
168.110.384
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502776496291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

注浆材料试块试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验编号单轴抗压强度/MPa弹性模量/GPa
113.820.641
214.330.667
314.960.676
414.030.694
512.610.653
613.050.676
713.150.567
812.390.608
910.390.425
1010.460.438
1111.680.491
1211.750.481
138.180.331
148.820.356
159.270.361
168.110.384
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502860382372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 11, caption=

Range analysis results of uniaxial compressive strength of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
114.2911.2511.67
212.8011.6711.99
311.0712.2711.64
48.6011.5711.46
极差R5.691.020.53
), ArticleFig(id=1322904502948462757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表11, caption=

注浆材料单轴抗压强度极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
114.2911.2511.67
212.8011.6711.99
311.0712.2711.64
48.6011.5711.46
极差R5.691.020.53
), ArticleFig(id=1322904503023960230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 12, caption=

Range analysis results of elastic modulus of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
10.670.510.55
20.630.530.54
30.460.520.52
40.360.540.51
极差R0.310.030.04
), ArticleFig(id=1322904503158177959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表12, caption=

注浆材料弹性模量极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
10.670.510.55
20.630.530.54
30.460.520.52
40.360.540.51
极差R0.310.030.04
), ArticleFig(id=1322904503237869736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 13, caption=

Variance analysis results of orthogonal test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方差来源SSdfmsF值显著性
单轴抗压强度A71.7183.0023.906149.319***
B2.1573.000.7194.491*
C0.5933.000.1981.235—
误差0.9616.000.160
弹性模量A0.2533.000.08476.593***
B0.0443.000.02212.936***
C0.0043.000.0011.348—
误差0.0076.000.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322904506769473705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表13, caption=

正交试验方差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方差来源SSdfmsF值显著性
单轴抗压强度A71.7183.0023.906149.319***
B2.1573.000.7194.491*
C0.5933.000.1981.235—
误差0.9616.000.160
弹性模量A0.2533.000.08476.593***
B0.0443.000.02212.936***
C0.0043.000.0011.348—
误差0.0076.000.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322904506882719914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 14, caption=

Coupling values of mechanical properties of grouting materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验编号单轴抗压强度弹性模量耦合值
试验值/MPa相对强度耦合处理(权重为60%)试验值/GPa相对强度耦合处理(权重为40%)
113.821.180.710.6411.210.491.20
214.331.230.740.6671.260.511.25
314.961.280.770.6761.280.511.28
414.031.200.720.6941.310.531.25
512.611.080.650.6531.240.491.14
613.051.120.670.6761.280.511.18
713.151.130.680.5671.070.431.11
812.391.060.640.6081.150.461.10
910.390.890.530.4250.800.320.85
1010.460.890.540.4380.830.330.87
1111.681.000.600.4910.930.370.97
1211.751.010.600.4810.910.360.96
138.180.700.420.3310.630.250.67
148.820.750.450.3560.670.270.72
159.270.790.480.3610.680.270.75
168.110.690.420.3840.730.290.71
), ArticleFig(id=1322904506966605995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表14, caption=

注浆材料力学性能耦合值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试验编号单轴抗压强度弹性模量耦合值
试验值/MPa相对强度耦合处理(权重为60%)试验值/GPa相对强度耦合处理(权重为40%)
113.821.180.710.6411.210.491.20
214.331.230.740.6671.260.511.25
314.961.280.770.6761.280.511.28
414.031.200.720.6941.310.531.25
512.611.080.650.6531.240.491.14
613.051.120.670.6761.280.511.18
713.151.130.680.5671.070.431.11
812.391.060.640.6081.150.461.10
910.390.890.530.4250.800.320.85
1010.460.890.540.4380.830.330.87
1111.681.000.600.4910.930.370.97
1211.751.010.600.4810.910.360.96
138.180.700.420.3310.630.250.67
148.820.750.450.3560.670.270.72
159.270.790.480.3610.680.270.75
168.110.690.420.3840.730.290.71
), ArticleFig(id=1322904507067269292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 15, caption=

Range analysis results of coupling values

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
11.250.971.01
21.131.011.03
30.911.030.99
40.711.010.98
极差R0.540.060.05
), ArticleFig(id=1322904507146961069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表15, caption=

耦合值极差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水平ABC
11.250.971.01
21.131.011.03
30.911.030.99
40.711.010.98
极差R0.540.060.05
), ArticleFig(id=1322904507230847150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 16, caption=

Variance analysis results of coupling values

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方差来源SSdfmsF值显著性
A0.6413.000.214192.759***
B0.0173.000.0065.256**
C0.0043.000.0011.180—
误差0.0076.000.001——
), ArticleFig(id=1322904507344093359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表16, caption=

耦合值方差分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方差来源SSdfmsF值显著性
A0.6413.000.214192.759***
B0.0173.000.0065.256**
C0.0043.000.0011.180—
误差0.0076.000.001——
), ArticleFig(id=1322904507423785136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=EN, label=Table 17, caption=

Comparison between test value and theoretical value of optimal ratio

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数单轴抗压强度/MPa弹性模量/GPa
理论值18.210.915
试验值16.940.847
), ArticleFig(id=1322904507511865521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322904480718651435, language=CN, label=表17, caption=

最优配比试验值与理论值对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数单轴抗压强度/MPa弹性模量/GPa
理论值18.210.915
试验值16.940.847
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基于正交试验的注浆材料力学性能及最优配比研究
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沈玉旭 1, 2 , 王成帅 3, 4 , 郭俊庆 2 , 郭凯洋 1 , 曹文权 1
矿业研究与开发 | 采矿与矿山充填 2025,45(5): 63-71
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矿业研究与开发 |采矿与矿山充填 2025 , 45 (5) : 63 -71
基于正交试验的注浆材料力学性能及最优配比研究
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沈玉旭(1986—),男,山西万荣人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:

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沈玉旭(1986—),男,山西万荣人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:

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沈玉旭1, 2 , 王成帅3, 4, 郭俊庆2, 郭凯洋1, 曹文权1
作者信息
  • 1.山西能源学院 矿业工程系,山西 晋中市 030600
  • 2.太原理工大学 原位改性采矿教育部重点实验室,山西 太原 030024
  • 3.中国矿业大学(北京) 能源与矿业学院,北京 100083
  • 4.山西省能源职工教育中心,山西 太原 030012
作者简介:

沈玉旭(1986—),男,山西万荣人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事巷道围岩控制方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:

Research on Mechanical Properties and Optimal Ratio of Grouting Materials Based on Orthogonal Test
Yuxu SHEN1, 2 , Chengshuai WANG3, 4, Junqing GUO2, Kaiyang GUO1, Wenquan CAO1
Affiliations
  • 1.Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Energy, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of In-Situ Property-Improving Mining of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
  • 3.School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
  • 4.Shanxi Province Energy Staff Education Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
出版时间: 2025-05-25
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为研究碳纳米管改性超细水泥基注浆材料的力学性能与最优配比,基于3因素4水平正交试验,以碳纳米管、超细水泥、分散剂、消泡剂、聚丙烯酸酯乳液为原材料,将水灰比、碳纳米管和聚丙烯酸酯乳液的掺量作为控制因素,测试注浆浆液的黏度、流动度、凝结时间、单轴抗压强度及弹性模量,通过极差分析、方差分析,确定各因素对各指标的影响,选取单轴抗压强度、弹性模量作为指标进行耦合,对耦合值进行极差分析、方差分析及多元线性回归分析,得出最优配比并进行验证。试验结果表明:随着水灰比的增加,试块的单轴抗压强度及弹性模量均呈减小趋势;随着碳纳米管掺量的增加,试块单轴抗压强度呈现先增后减的变化趋势,弹性模量呈现先增后减再增的变化趋势;随着聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量的增加,试块单轴抗压强度呈现先增后减趋势,弹性模量呈现减小趋势。对试块单轴抗压强度和弹性模量进行归一化处理后给予0.6:0.4的权重相加耦合,并对其进行极差分析、方差分析,得出注浆材料最优配比。通过多元回归分析及室内试验验证,最优配比为水灰比0.6,碳纳米管掺量0.4%,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量2.5%。研究结果可为碳纳米管改性超细水泥基注浆材料的最优配比设计提供参考。

正交试验  /  注浆材料  /  敏感性分析  /  多元线性回归分析  /  最优配比设计

In order to study the mechanical properties and optimal ratio of carbon nanotube modified superfine cement-based grouting materials, carbon nanotubes, superfine cement, dispersant, defoamator and polyacrylate emulsion were used as raw materials based on three-factor and four-level orthogonal test. The water-cement ratio and the content of carbon nanotubes and polyacrylate emulsion were used as control factors. The viscosity, fluidity, setting time, uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the grouting slurry were tested. The influence of each factor on each index was determined through range analysis and variance analysis. The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus were selected as the index for coupling, and the coupling value was analyzed by range, variance and multivariate linear regression analysis to obtain the optimal ratio and verify it. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the test block decrease with the increase of the water-cement ratio. With the increase of carbon nanotube content, the uniaxial compressive strength of the test block increases first and then decreases, and the elastic modulus shows a trend of increasing first, then decreasing and then increasing again. With the increase of polyacrylate emulsion content, the uniaxial compressive strength of the test block increases first and then decreases, and the elastic modulus shows a decreasing trend. After the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the test block are normalized, the weight of 0.6:0.4 is added and coupled, and the optimal ratio of grouting materials is obtained by range and variance analysis. Through multivariate linear regression analysis and laboratory test verification, the optimal ratio is water-cement ratio of 0.6, carbon nanotubes content of 0.4%, polyacrylate emulsion content of 2.5%. The research results can provide a reference for the optimal ratio of carbon nanotube-modified superfine cement-based grouting materials.

Orthogonal test  /  Grouting material  /  Sensitivity analysis  /  Multivariate linear regression analysis  /  Optimal ratio design
沈玉旭, 王成帅, 郭俊庆, 郭凯洋, 曹文权. 基于正交试验的注浆材料力学性能及最优配比研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (5) : 63 -71 .
Yuxu SHEN, Chengshuai WANG, Junqing GUO, Kaiyang GUO, Wenquan CAO. Research on Mechanical Properties and Optimal Ratio of Grouting Materials Based on Orthogonal Test[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (5) : 63 -71 .
我国是煤炭资源大国,在煤炭开采过程中钻井爆破、机械冲击、回采等均会对岩石施加动荷载扰动,造成岩石出现微裂缝或粉碎性破坏[1-2]。注浆加固技术凭借其经济高效、施工便捷及显著加固效果的独特优势,逐渐成为解决此类问题的主流方法[3-5]。然而面对岩层间微小且错综复杂的缝隙,传统水泥注浆材料因其颗粒较大、流动性与渗透性差等局限性,往往难以深入过小的细微裂隙,导致注浆效果较差[6-7]。
高性能改性注浆材料虽能迅速响应、有效加固破损严重的围岩,但其高昂的成本却成为了大规模应用的障碍[8]。为解决这些弊端,国内外诸多学者进行了大量研究。严国超等[9]通过向硫铝酸盐水泥中添加水溶性聚氨酯和外加剂研究了该材料对破碎煤岩体的注浆加固效果,结果表明,水性聚氨酯的加入提高了材料的流动性和韧性。管学茂等[10]以超细硫铝酸盐水泥熟料、石膏、石灰为原料,通过优化配比研发了材料粒径小于7.0 μm的注浆材料,工程应用效果良好。樊振丽等[11]采用正交试验方法分析了水固比、固相比以及温度3个因素对浆液密度、黏度、析水率、结实率、凝结时间和力学强度等6项指标的影响规律,并采用综合平衡法优选,分别得到了适用于不同注浆阶段的3种材料的最优配比方案。徐阳晨等[12]为研究聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维和碳纳米管(CNTs)对混凝土力学性能的影响,通过力学性能试验得出PVA纤维和CNTs通过桥接作用延缓了水泥基体中微裂缝的发展,改善了混凝土的微观结构,当两者质量分数均为0.15%时,混凝土试件的力学性能最优。张钧祥等[13]针对传统注浆材料的缺陷,配以黏结剂等其他添加剂制得煤屑聚合物复合注浆材料,提高了其力学性能。王振军等[14]为探究新型注浆材料,基于正交试验研究了粒径对新型注浆材料浆液扩散封堵距离的影响规律,并提出浆水速率对浆液扩散规律的作用机理。上述研究丰富了注浆材料的配比方案,但关于超细水泥基注浆材料与碳纳米管改性注浆材料的研究成果较少。
因此本研究以超细水泥、碳纳米管、聚丙烯酸酯乳液为主要原料,将减水剂、分散剂和消泡剂作为添加剂配置制成注浆材料[15],基于正交试验研究水灰比、纤维掺量、聚合物掺量对注浆材料单轴抗压强度、弹性模量的影响,通过极差分析、方差分析获得各因素对指标的影响规律[16-17],并采用多元线性回归分析拟合因素与目标值的关系[18-19]。对指标进行归一化处理耦合后进行极差与方差分析,获得最佳配比。
以碳纳米管、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、超细水泥和水为主要原材料,添加剂为聚羧酸高性能减水剂(水泥质量的0.3%),分散剂为甲基纤维素(浆液质量0.5 g/L),消泡剂为DF-855型消泡剂(水泥质量的0.3%),碳纳米管和超细水泥的基本参数见表1。按相应配比制成注浆材料净浆,倒入70.7mm×70.7 mm×70.7 mm的立方体试模中,每组6个试块,养护24 h后脱模,脱模后的注浆材料试块如图1所示。脱模后养护至28 d对试块进行单轴压缩试验。
黏度试验仪器有电子秤、搅拌锅、1006型黏度计、计时器等。将需要测量的注浆材料进行称量,并按照比例进行拌和。用量杯量取500 mL拌和好的注浆浆液,放置在黏度计的出口下方,松指放浆让注浆浆液开始流出,并同时启动秒表开始计时。当注浆浆液达到500mL量杯的边缘时,停止秒表并记录用时。
试验所用的仪器有截锥圆模、玻璃板、酒精等。将精确称量的超细水泥、自来水、早强剂与速凝剂逐一倒入搅拌机,搅拌3 min至均匀后,迅速注入截锥圆模内,待截锥圆模被垂直且平稳地提起,启动秒表开始计时,让浆液在玻璃板上自由流淌30s,然后立即使用卷尺量取流淌区域在两个相互垂直方向上的最大直径,获取关于浆液流淌形态与尺寸参数的准确数据。
测试仪器有ISO标准法维卡仪、水泥搅拌锅、计时器等。初凝时间测试是在试件制配完成后养护30 min即开始首次测量。通过控制试针触碰水泥净浆表面并让其自由沉降,记录稳定后的指针读数。随着初凝接近,测量频率增至每5min一次,直至试针下沉至距底部4 mm±1 mm标志初凝完成,记录为初凝时间。终凝时间测试则在初凝后,立即翻转试件继续养护,并调整测量间隔为每15 min一次。当试模表面无法被环形附件留下痕迹时标志为终凝状态,记录为终凝时间。
单轴压缩试验机采用电液伺服万能材料试验机(MT81-1030),每组试块选取3个,试验结果取平均值以减少误差。试验完成后,由式(1)和(2)分别计算试块的轴向应力σs和轴向应变ε,由式(3)计算试块的弹性模量,取试块轴向应力的峰值作为试块的单轴抗压强度。
式中:σs为轴向应力,MPa;Ps为试块破坏荷载,kN;S为试块截面积,mm2;ε为轴向应变;l为试块轴向变形量,mm;H为试块初始高度,mm;E为弹性模量,GPa;σ为试块所受的压应力,MPa。
正交试验是从试验中挑选出部分有代表性的点进行试验,研究多因素、多水平对目标结果影响[20]。本次试验在充分考虑注浆材料力学性能的影响因素后,设计3因素4水平正交试验,各因素水平见表2。表中因素A为水灰比、因素B为碳纳米管掺量(碳纳米管质量/水泥质量)、因素C为聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量(聚合物质量/水泥质量)。根据影响因素及其水平个数,选用L16(43)正交表设计了16组注浆材料配比试验方案。
注浆浆液黏度是体现浆液可注性能的一个重要指标,浆液黏度越小,说明浆液流动性能更好,反之亦然,浆液黏度试验结果见表3。
极差分析是正交试验理论分析中最常见的方法之一,极差R计算式如下。
式中,,,,分别为因素j(j=A,B,C)在1, 2,3, 4水平下注浆材料试验指标的平均值。
极差R的大小反映各因素对该试验指标的影响程度,R越大,表明试验指标对该因素越敏感[21],得到试验指标在各因素水平下的平均值和极差,见表4。浆液黏度敏感性分析如图2所示。
由表4和图2可知,随着水灰比的增加,黏度值减小,两者成反比。在水平1下,黏度值最大,为55.75 Pa⋅s,在水平4下,黏度值最小,为44.25 Pa⋅s。等质量水泥占比下,用水量越多,浆液黏度值越小,相较于碳纳米管掺量和聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量,水灰比对浆液黏度性能的影响最大。随着碳纳米管掺量的增加,水平1, 2,3, 4下浆液黏度值变化不明显,说明碳纳米管掺量对浆液黏度值影响较小,作用效果不明显。随着聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量的增加,浆液黏度值逐渐增大,在水平1下,黏度值最小,为45.25 Pa⋅s,在水平4下,黏度值达到最大,为56.25 Pa⋅s,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量与浆液黏度值成正比,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对浆液黏度值的影响显著。从试验结果来看,各因素对黏度影响程度依次为水灰比、聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量、碳纳米管掺量,即注浆浆液黏度值最大组合为A1B1C4。
注浆浆液流动度决定了注浆的可注性,浆液流动性能越好,浆液扩散范围越大,更能达到注浆预期效果。为此通过正交试验得到浆液流动度试验结果见表5,极差分析结果见表6。
由表5、表6可知,浆液流动度与水灰比成正相关。浆液最小流动度为17.50 cm,最大流动度为38.10 cm,流动度提高了118%。水灰比相同条件下,流动度随着聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量变化区间最为明显,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对流动度的影响效果大于碳纳米管掺量。水灰比对注浆材料流动度的影响最大,其次是聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量,最后是碳纳米管掺量。
浆液流动度敏感性分析如图3所示。从图3可以看出,浆液的流动度随着水灰比的增加逐渐增大,用水量占比越大,浆液流动性越好;随着碳纳米管掺量的增加,浆液流动度变化幅度较小,说明碳纳米管掺量对浆液流动性能的影响效果较小;随着聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量的增加,浆液流动度下降显著,两者成反比。从极差分析结果可以看出,水灰比对浆液流动性能影响程度最大,其次是聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量,最后是碳纳米管掺量。即A4B2C1为试验最大流动度组合。
针对浆液凝结时间太长会影响注浆早期强度,凝结时间太快容易堵塞注浆机等问题,通过对不同因素水平掺量的浆液进行凝结测试,整理得到的凝结时间结果见表7,极差分析结果见表8、表9。
由表7可知,注浆浆液最短初凝时间为310 min,最长初凝时间为421 min;最短终凝时间为327 min,最长终凝时间为439 min。从表8、表9可以得出,在正交试验3因素中,水灰比对浆液凝结时间的影响最为显著,其次是聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量,最后是碳纳米管掺量。
浆液凝结时间敏感性分析如图4所示。
从图4可以看出,随着水灰比的增大,浆液初凝时间和终凝时间均增大;随着聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量和碳纳米管掺量的增加,浆液初凝时间和终凝时间均逐渐减小,这是因为聚丙烯酸酯乳液和碳纳米管的加入,提高了浆液凝结速度,缩短了凝结时间。
参照《工程岩体试验方法标准》(GB/T 50266—2013)测定注浆材料试块的物理力学参数,在MT81-1030岩石力学试验系统完成注浆材料试块的单轴压缩试验,结果见表10,表中数值均为平均值。单轴抗压强度为8.11~14.96 MPa,弹性模量为0.331~0.694GPa。通过表10对试验数据进行极差分析,得到单轴抗压强度和弹性模量在各因素相同水平下的极差,分别见表11和表12。
从表11可以看出,各因素对单轴抗压强度的影响程度从大到小依次为A、B、C,即水灰比对单轴抗压强度起控制作用。根据表11绘制出抗压强度影响因素直观分析图,如图5所示,单轴抗压强度随水灰比增加而减小,随聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量和碳纳米管掺量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势。其中水灰比对注浆材料试块单轴抗压强度影响较大,而碳纳米管掺量与聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对单轴抗压强度影响较小。
从表12可以看出,各因素对弹性模量的影响程度从大到小依次为A、C、B,水灰比对弹性模量起控制作用。根据表11绘制出弹性模量影响因素直观分析图,如图6所示,弹性模量随水灰比的增加成近似线性减小趋势,影响最大;随碳纳米管掺量、聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,其中碳纳米管掺量影响较大,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量影响较小。
正交试验单轴抗压强度和弹性模量方差分析结果见表13,其结果与极差分析结果一致。
查F分布临界值表进行显著性检验:对于单轴抗压强度,水灰比F(A)>F[0.01],说明水灰比对抗压强度影响极其显著;碳纳米管掺量F[0.1]<F(B)<F[0.05],说明碳纳米管掺量对抗压强度影响显著;聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量F(C)<F[0.1],说明聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对抗压强度影响不显著。对于弹性模量,水灰比F(A)>F[0.01],说明水灰比对弹性模量的影响均极其显著;碳纳米管掺量F(B)>F[0.01],说明碳纳米管掺量对弹性模量影响同样极其显著;聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量F(C)<F[0.1],说明该因素对弹性模量的影响不显著。
由试验结果分析可知,水灰比与试块单轴抗压强度及弹性模量均呈负相关关系,但碳纳米管掺量和聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量与试块单轴抗压强度及弹性模量呈非线性关系,且聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对单轴抗压强度与弹性模量的影响趋势并不统一,为得到最优配比,现将单轴抗压强度与弹性模量除以各自的均值,再乘以相应的权重(0.6:0.4),最后将折减后的单轴抗压强度与弹性模量进行相加,得到两者的耦合值,通过对耦合值的数据分析,获得最优配比,数据见表14。
对耦合值进行极差分析,得到表15的数据。由表15可知,各因素对耦合值的影响程度从大到小依次为A、B、C,水灰比对耦合值的大小起控制作用。通过对表15分析得出最优组合为A1B3C2。
对耦合值进行方差分析,得到表16的数据。由表16可知,水灰比对耦合值的影响极其显著;碳纳米管掺量对耦合值的影响显著;聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对耦合值的影响不显著。
分别以水灰比、碳纳米管掺量、聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量为自变量A、B、C;以注浆材料试块的单轴抗压强度σc、弹性模量E为因变量,采用Origin软件对表10至表12中各变量数据进行多元线性回归分析,回归方程如下:
回归方程(5)和回归方程(6)的拟合优度依次为、,单轴抗压强度、弹性模量预测值的最大残差分别为–1.138 5, 0.075,可见回归方程拟合程度较好,使用该方程计算注浆材料试块的配合比较为合理。
通过对表15耦合值极差分析得出最优组合水灰比A为0.6,碳纳米管掺量B为0.4%,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量C为2.5%,代入多元线性回归方程(5)和回归方程(6)中得出此时得单轴抗压强度和弹性模量理论指标分别为18.21MPa和0.915 GPa。使用极差分析得出最优组合配比制作一组试块,并对其进行单轴压缩试验,通过计算对比试验结果和理论结果,单轴抗压强度和弹性模量的最优配比试验值与理论值误差分别为6.97%和7.43%,指标对比参数见表17。
综上所述,最优配比为A1B3C2,即水灰比为0.6,碳纳米管掺量为0.4%,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量为2.5%。
基于3因素4水平的注浆材料试块配比正交试验,对注浆材料浆液与结石体开展物理力学性能试验,并对试验结果进行极差分析、方差分析与多元线性回归分析,主要结论如下。
(1)极差分析结果表明,水灰比对注浆材料试块的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量起主导作用,碳纳米管掺量和聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对注浆材料的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量影响相对较小。
(2)查F分布临界值表进行显著性检验,方差分析结果表明,水灰比对试块的单轴抗压强度与弹性模量的影响极其显著;碳纳米管掺量对试块的单轴抗压强度影响显著,对弹性模量影响极其显著;聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量对试块的单轴抗压强度与弹性模量的影响均不显著。
(3)水灰比与试块单轴抗压强度及弹性模量均呈负相关关系,但碳纳米管掺量和聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量与试块单轴抗压强度及弹性模量呈非线性关系。对试块归一化处理后分析得出注浆材料最佳配合比为A1B3C2,即水灰比为0.6,碳纳米管掺量为0.4%,聚丙烯酸酯乳液掺量为2.5%。
(4)通过多元线性回归方程分析计算得出单轴抗压强度与弹性模量的理论值为18.21 MPa、0.915GPa,经过室内配制最优配比的试块并进行对比,最终得出最优配比条件下试验值与理论值单轴抗压强度、弹性模量的误差分别为6.97%和7.43%,误差在10%以内,验证了试块最优配比的可靠性。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(42472238)
  • 山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2022L604)
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  • 接收时间:2024-10-11
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-11
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42472238)
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2022L604)
作者信息
    1.山西能源学院 矿业工程系,山西 晋中市 030600
    2.太原理工大学 原位改性采矿教育部重点实验室,山西 太原 030024
    3.中国矿业大学(北京) 能源与矿业学院,北京 100083
    4.山西省能源职工教育中心,山西 太原 030012
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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