Article(id=1322594814231695649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322594813749350688, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1709222400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793260776336, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793260776336, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793260776336, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793260776336, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322594813749350688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='288', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1740412800000', pubDateStr='2025-02-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793260776220, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793260776220, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=66, endPage=72, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322594814386884898, articleId=1322594814231695649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Optimization and Application of Backfill Material Mix Ratio in the Second Mining Area of Peki Copper-Gold Mine, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to meet the requirements of the two-step stope mining in the Peki Copper-Gold Mine of Serbia for the backfill strength and reduce the backfill cost, the backfill material mix ratio was optimized. The backfill strength in different parts of the stope was preliminarily determined by theoretical calculation, and several groups of indoor tests of backfill material mix ratio were carried out. The test shows that the uniaxial compressive strength of the backfill increases with the increase of the mass concentration of the backfill material and the cement-sand ratio. When the mass concentration is 68%, the cement-sand ratio is 1:6 and 1:8, the backfill strength can meet the strength requirements of the theoretical calculation. On this basis, the industrial test was carried out. The results show that the backfill strength requirements of the two-step stope mining can be met using 1:6 cement-sand ratio at the bottom of the first-step stope and 1:8 cement-sand ratio at the top and middle of the first-step stope. At the same time, compared with the original backfill ratio scheme, the backfill cost can be reduced by 2.53 yuan/t.

, authors=Jinkun ZHANG1, 2, 3, Yindong HE1, 2, 3, Longqiong LIU1, 2, 3, Yunjia YI1, 2, 3, authorsList=Jinkun ZHANG, Yindong HE, Longqiong LIU, Yunjia YI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Longqiong LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322594815896834353, articleId=1322594814231695649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=佩吉铜金矿二采区充填材料配合比的优化与应用, columnId=1226462294490657775, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=采矿与矿山充填, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了满足塞尔维亚佩吉铜金矿矿区二步骤采场回采对充填体强度的要求,同时降低充填成本,对充填材料配比进行了优化设计。通过理论计算初步确定采场不同部位的充填体强度,并进行了多组室内充填料配比试验。试验表明,随着充填料浆质量浓度和灰砂比的增大,充填体的单轴抗压强度逐渐增大,当质量浓度为68%、灰砂比为1∶6和1∶8时充填体强度可以满足理论计算的充填体强度要求。在此基础上进行工业试验,结果表明,一步骤采场底部采用1∶6的灰砂比、顶部及中部采用1∶8的灰砂比进行充填,可以满足二步骤采场回采对充填强度的要求,同时与采用原充填配合比方案相比,充填成本可减少2.53元/t。

, authors=张金坤1, 2, 3, 何银东1, 2, 3, 刘龙琼1, 2, 3, 易云佳1, 2, 3, authorsList=张金坤, 何银东, 刘龙琼, 易云佳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘龙琼, authorNote=

张金坤(1998—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
刘龙琼(1988—),男,江西吉安人,硕士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:
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2.紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭县 364200
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张金坤(1998—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:

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张金坤(1998—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:

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2.紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭县 364200
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2.Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd., Shanghang, Fujian 364200, China
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2.紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭县 364200
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Mining Technology, 2024, 24(2):238-242., articleTitle=Experimental study on new type of cementitious material filling in a copper mine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322594824801341837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=2, pageStart=214, pageEnd=219, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=24, authorNames=刘勋, 孙远江, 欧任泽, journalName=采矿技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘勋,孙远江,欧任泽,等.某铜矿细粒级全尾砂充填试验及应用研究[J].采矿技术,2024,24(2): 214-219., articleTitle=某铜矿细粒级全尾砂充填试验及应用研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322594824902005134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=2, pageStart=214, pageEnd=219, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=25, authorNames=LIU Xun, SUN Yuanjiang, OU Renze, journalName=Mining Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Xun, SUN Yuanjiang, OU Renze, et al. 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Mining Technology, 2024, 24(2):214-219., articleTitle=Experimental and application study on fine-grained full tailings filling in a copper mine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322594824973308303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=155, pageEnd=159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=26, authorNames=张增庆, 魏晓明, 杨灿显, journalName=采矿技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张增庆,魏晓明,杨灿显,等.破碎顶板垮塌采场胶结充填治理[J].采矿技术,2024,24(1):155-159., articleTitle=破碎顶板垮塌采场胶结充填治理, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322594825053000080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=155, pageEnd=159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=27, authorNames=ZHANG Zengqing, WEI Xiaoming, YANG Canxian, journalName=Mining Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Zengqing, WEI Xiaoming, YANG Canxian, et al. 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Mining Technology, 2020, 20(4):17-19+23., articleTitle=Application study of new type of cementitious material for full tailings filling at Tongshan copper mine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322594825254326675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=朱斌, 高通, 涂艾林, journalName=矿业研究与开发, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱斌,高通,涂艾林,等.下向进路倾斜分层胶结充填体稳定性研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2024,44(1):1-12., articleTitle=下向进路倾斜分层胶结充填体稳定性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322594825338212756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=31, authorNames=ZHU Bin, GAO Tong, TU Ailin, journalName=Mining Research and Development, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU Bin, GAO Tong, TU Ailin, et al. Study on stability of inclined layered cemented backfill in downward drift[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2024, 44(1):1-12., articleTitle=Study on stability of inclined layered cemented backfill in downward drift, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322594816148492594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322594816161075507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, companyId=1322594816148492594, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Shanghang, Fujian 364204, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322594816169464116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, companyId=1322594816148492594, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建 上杭县 364204)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322594816232378677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322594816240767286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, companyId=1322594816232378677, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd., Shanghang, Fujian 364200, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322594816249155895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, companyId=1322594816232378677, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭县 364200)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322594816312070456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322594816324653369, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, companyId=1322594816312070456, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Zijin(Changsha)Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha, Hunan 410036, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322594816333041978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, companyId=1322594816312070456, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.紫金(长沙)工程技术有限公司,湖南 长沙 410036)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322594819608793439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Relationship curves between vertical stress in backfill and height from the top surface of the backfill according to Yang Xin’s formula, figureFileSmall=KMd1FwbOTQ7KUeGRtt1fsg==, figureFileBig=MCYmK2EX6iyu0MWGas4icA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594819680096608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=图1, caption=杨辛公式法得到的充填体内垂直应力与距充填体顶面高度之间的关系曲线, figureFileSmall=KMd1FwbOTQ7KUeGRtt1fsg==, figureFileBig=MCYmK2EX6iyu0MWGas4icA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594819860451681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Relationship curves between vertical stress in backfill and hieght from the top surface of the backfill according to the Cai’s formula, figureFileSmall=EfzcNGiswXXoHXX3vQIcNA==, figureFileBig=CL3cVFuyaDVc1i9Ehpw8eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594819927560546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=图2, caption=蔡嗣经经验公式法得到的充填体内垂直应力与距充填体顶面高度之间的关系曲线, figureFileSmall=EfzcNGiswXXoHXX3vQIcNA==, figureFileBig=CL3cVFuyaDVc1i9Ehpw8eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820003058019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Particle size composition of the tailings, figureFileSmall=UqdKrm6T1gLXnQ6rj56ERw==, figureFileBig=FRPSA6cYO7U5l86uoHk/Fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820099527012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=图3, caption=尾砂粒级组成, figureFileSmall=UqdKrm6T1gLXnQ6rj56ERw==, figureFileBig=FRPSA6cYO7U5l86uoHk/Fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820170830181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The test results of uniaxial compressive strength of backfill specimens, figureFileSmall=nEyW+88BUbiUqRAgGtXDug==, figureFileBig=yjY1iUvFV+Py/3JyZlP0xQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820246327654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=图4, caption=充填体试块单轴抗压强度测试结果, figureFileSmall=nEyW+88BUbiUqRAgGtXDug==, figureFileBig=yjY1iUvFV+Py/3JyZlP0xQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820330213735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Core sampling locations and drilling layout, figureFileSmall=kghhxTJkQ65CLJ1fgWNl8g==, figureFileBig=/A3DbGFRGrZSzb5qtuun5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820401516904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=图5, caption=取芯位置及钻孔布置, figureFileSmall=kghhxTJkQ65CLJ1fgWNl8g==, figureFileBig=/A3DbGFRGrZSzb5qtuun5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322594820468625769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Recommended strength values of backfill body in Peji Copper-Gold Mine

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
矿房高度H/m28 d充填体强度推荐值/MPa
25≥1.3
40≥1.8
50≥2.0
60≥2.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322594820535734634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

佩吉铜金矿充填体强度推荐值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
矿房高度H/m28 d充填体强度推荐值/MPa
25≥1.3
40≥1.8
50≥2.0
60≥2.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322594820623815019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Recommended strength values of backfill in stope

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
充填部位高度/m28 d 强度/MPa
采场底部约10≥4.0
一步骤采场中部30~45≥1.8
一步骤采场顶部5~6≥2.5
二步骤采场中部35~501.0~1.2
二步骤采场顶部2≥2.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322594820707701100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

采场充填体强度推荐值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
充填部位高度/m28 d 强度/MPa
采场底部约10≥4.0
一步骤采场中部30~45≥1.8
一步骤采场顶部5~6≥2.5
二步骤采场中部35~501.0~1.2
二步骤采场顶部2≥2.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322594820779004269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Chemical compositions of the tailings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SiO2Al2O3SAgNa2OAu
60.439.68.561.10.820.8
MgOCuZnAsPb其他
0.250.0980.0160.0090.00918.308
), ArticleFig(id=1322594820862890350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

尾砂的化学成分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SiO2Al2O3SAgNa2OAu
60.439.68.561.10.820.8
MgOCuZnAsPb其他
0.250.0980.0160.0090.00918.308
), ArticleFig(id=1322594822507057519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Schemes of filling slurry proportioning

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
灰砂比质量浓度/%水泥含量/%尾砂含量/%水含量/%
1:6689.7158.2932
1:8687.5660.4432
1:10686.4261.5832
1:16684.0263.9832
1:20683.2464.7632
1:6679.5457.4633
1:8677.4159.5933
1:10676.0960.9133
1:16673.9163.0933
1:20673.1863.8233
1:6669.3156.6934
1:8667.3258.6834
1:10666.1459.8634
1:16663.8862.1234
1:20663.2162.7934
1:6659.2755.7335
1:8657.1957.8135
1:10656.1158.8935
1:16653.8161.1935
1:20653.1061.9035
), ArticleFig(id=1322594822599332208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

充填料浆配比方案

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
灰砂比质量浓度/%水泥含量/%尾砂含量/%水含量/%
1:6689.7158.2932
1:8687.5660.4432
1:10686.4261.5832
1:16684.0263.9832
1:20683.2464.7632
1:6679.5457.4633
1:8677.4159.5933
1:10676.0960.9133
1:16673.9163.0933
1:20673.1863.8233
1:6669.3156.6934
1:8667.3258.6834
1:10666.1459.8634
1:16663.8862.1234
1:20663.2162.7934
1:6659.2755.7335
1:8657.1957.8135
1:10656.1158.8935
1:16653.8161.1935
1:20653.1061.9035
), ArticleFig(id=1322594822679023985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Test results of compressive strength of backfill cores

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
孔号灰砂比28 d强度/MPa孔号灰砂比28 d强度/MPa
0#1:64.462#1:81.8
1:63.661:82.43
1:64.291:82.53
1:63.791:82.24
1:63.001:82.09
1:64.131:81.82
1#1:64.471:81.96
1:63.303#1:82.42
1:64.141:82.15
1:63.351:81.90
1:63.401:81.69
1:63.691:81.42
1:63.871:82.30
1:64.651:82.04
1:64.741:81.87
1:63.701:82.09
1:63.921:82.19
1:64.351:81.96
2#1:82.401:81.82
1:82.961:81.78
1:82.171:81.92
1:82.031:82.13
), ArticleFig(id=1322594822758715762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

充填体岩芯抗压强度测试结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
孔号灰砂比28 d强度/MPa孔号灰砂比28 d强度/MPa
0#1:64.462#1:81.8
1:63.661:82.43
1:64.291:82.53
1:63.791:82.24
1:63.001:82.09
1:64.131:81.82
1#1:64.471:81.96
1:63.303#1:82.42
1:64.141:82.15
1:63.351:81.90
1:63.401:81.69
1:63.691:81.42
1:63.871:82.30
1:64.651:82.04
1:64.741:81.87
1:63.701:82.09
1:63.921:82.19
1:64.351:81.96
2#1:82.401:81.82
1:82.961:81.78
1:82.171:81.92
1:82.031:82.13
), ArticleFig(id=1322594822842601843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Cost of filling slurry

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
质量浓度67%质量浓度68%
灰砂比成本/(元/m3)灰砂比成本/(元/m3)
1:5190.741:5194.17
1:6155.631:6160.46
1:8124.371:8127.70
1:10102.761:10106.63
), ArticleFig(id=1322594822926487924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322594814231695649, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

充填料浆综合成本

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
质量浓度67%质量浓度68%
灰砂比成本/(元/m3)灰砂比成本/(元/m3)
1:5190.741:5194.17
1:6155.631:6160.46
1:8124.371:8127.70
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佩吉铜金矿二采区充填材料配合比的优化与应用
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张金坤 1, 2, 3 , 何银东 1, 2, 3 , 刘龙琼 1, 2, 3 , 易云佳 1, 2, 3
矿业研究与开发 | 采矿与矿山充填 2025,45(2): 66-72
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矿业研究与开发 |采矿与矿山充填 2025 , 45 (2) : 66 -72
佩吉铜金矿二采区充填材料配合比的优化与应用
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张金坤(1998—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:

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张金坤(1998—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:

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张金坤1, 2, 3 , 何银东1, 2, 3, 刘龙琼1, 2, 3 , 易云佳1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1.低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建 上杭县 364204
  • 2.紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭县 364200
  • 3.紫金(长沙)工程技术有限公司,湖南 长沙 410036
通讯作者:
刘龙琼(1988—),男,江西吉安人,硕士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:
作者简介:

张金坤(1998—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:

Optimization and Application of Backfill Material Mix Ratio in the Second Mining Area of Peki Copper-Gold Mine
Jinkun ZHANG1, 2, 3 , Yindong HE1, 2, 3, Longqiong LIU1, 2, 3 , Yunjia YI1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Shanghang, Fujian 364204, China
  • 2.Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd., Shanghang, Fujian 364200, China
  • 3.Zijin(Changsha)Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha, Hunan 410036, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25
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为了满足塞尔维亚佩吉铜金矿矿区二步骤采场回采对充填体强度的要求,同时降低充填成本,对充填材料配比进行了优化设计。通过理论计算初步确定采场不同部位的充填体强度,并进行了多组室内充填料配比试验。试验表明,随着充填料浆质量浓度和灰砂比的增大,充填体的单轴抗压强度逐渐增大,当质量浓度为68%、灰砂比为1∶6和1∶8时充填体强度可以满足理论计算的充填体强度要求。在此基础上进行工业试验,结果表明,一步骤采场底部采用1∶6的灰砂比、顶部及中部采用1∶8的灰砂比进行充填,可以满足二步骤采场回采对充填强度的要求,同时与采用原充填配合比方案相比,充填成本可减少2.53元/t。

充填材料配合比  /  灰砂比  /  质量浓度  /  充填体强度

In order to meet the requirements of the two-step stope mining in the Peki Copper-Gold Mine of Serbia for the backfill strength and reduce the backfill cost, the backfill material mix ratio was optimized. The backfill strength in different parts of the stope was preliminarily determined by theoretical calculation, and several groups of indoor tests of backfill material mix ratio were carried out. The test shows that the uniaxial compressive strength of the backfill increases with the increase of the mass concentration of the backfill material and the cement-sand ratio. When the mass concentration is 68%, the cement-sand ratio is 1:6 and 1:8, the backfill strength can meet the strength requirements of the theoretical calculation. On this basis, the industrial test was carried out. The results show that the backfill strength requirements of the two-step stope mining can be met using 1:6 cement-sand ratio at the bottom of the first-step stope and 1:8 cement-sand ratio at the top and middle of the first-step stope. At the same time, compared with the original backfill ratio scheme, the backfill cost can be reduced by 2.53 yuan/t.

Mix ratio of backfill material  /  Cement-sand ratio  /  Mass concentration  /  Backfill strength
张金坤, 何银东, 刘龙琼, 易云佳. 佩吉铜金矿二采区充填材料配合比的优化与应用. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (2) : 66 -72 .
Jinkun ZHANG, Yindong HE, Longqiong LIU, Yunjia YI. Optimization and Application of Backfill Material Mix Ratio in the Second Mining Area of Peki Copper-Gold Mine[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (2) : 66 -72 .
佩吉铜金矿上矿带开采的原充填方案为:充填料浆质量浓度67%,一步骤采场下部10 m充填灰砂比1∶5,上部充填灰砂比1∶6,中部充填灰砂比1∶8;二步骤采场下部10 m充填灰砂比1∶5,中上部充填灰砂比1∶8。因水泥用量较多,充填成本较高。为了满足佩吉铜金矿矿区两步骤回采的要求,降低充填成本,需要对矿区充填方案及充填材料配比进行优化设计。充填体强度主要受水泥掺量、混合骨料配比和质量浓度等因素的影响,因而大量学者都针对充填配比优化开展了研究。巴蕾等[1]针对金川矿区粗骨料充填料浆离析问题进行充填材料配比试验,结果表明,掺入适量铜渣尾砂,能有效改善粒径级配,提高充填体强度。邓国梁等[2]通过室内废石胶结充填配比试验,发现随着灰砂比的减小,充填体的单轴抗压强度呈先增大后减小的趋势。贺桂成等[3]通过对多组不同配比的废石胶结充填体进行抗压强度试验,发现水灰比和灰砂比是控制废石胶结充填体抗压强度的关键因素。刘德峰等[4]通过进行不同级配废石胶结充填材料的力学特性及流动性能试验,揭示了废石颗粒配级与水泥及粉煤灰固化作用机制。付自国等[5]基于RSM-BBD的废石-风砂胶结体配合比试验,研究了不同影响因素与骨料配比的交互作用对充填体不同龄期强度的影响,并通过现场验证,优选出了合理的料浆配合比。杨金维等[6]从混合骨料的粒径配比和掺量控制入手,揭示了混合骨料充填体强度发展规律。针对采用尾砂充填的研究中,张明[7]采用正交试验方法研究了不同因素对胶结充填体单轴抗压强度的影响规律,结果表明,随充填料浆浓度、养护龄期和灰砂比的增大,充填体强度呈增长趋势。朗岩旺弦等[8]、张秀勇等[9]针对金川矿区充填体强度不足、强度分布不均等问题,基于充填体7 d强度要求和充填料浆流动性要求,通过室内试验,确定了最佳充填材料配合比。于澎等[10]针对银鑫矿采空区治理问题进行充填材料配比室内试验,发现使用胶固粉骨料作为胶凝材料,质量浓度为74%、灰砂比为1∶10时,可以达到3 d强度1 MPa以上;质量浓度为74%、灰砂比为1∶6时,可以达到28 d强度4 MPa以上。高志荣等[11]基于抗压强度试验结果,利用一元线性回归法拟合出不同养护龄期下充填体试块抗压强度与胶凝材料添加量之间的数量关系。吴钒等[12]针对某铜矿分级尾砂和铜冠新型胶凝材料开展充填试验,验证铜冠新型胶凝材料与现有充填系统的匹配性,研究表明,应用铜冠5#胶凝材料替代基准水泥充填时,全矿充填胶凝材料成本可降低20%。刘勋等[13]针对某铜矿原有充填方案存在充填体强度不足、成本过高等问题,进行多种材料的充填配比试验,研究结果表明,合适的絮凝剂类型及优化配比下可以在满足充填体强度要求的同时,降低充填成本。张增庆等[14]针对金厂河多金属矿一步骤破碎顶板垮塌治理难题,基于充填料浆配比试验、扩展度试验和流变试验,综合确定充填工艺参数为料浆质量浓度68%~72%,灰砂比1∶8。覃星朗等[15]根据铜山铜矿的充填胶凝材料选择和充填材料配比参数设计,开展了全尾砂新型胶凝材料胶结充填体和水泥胶结充填体的强度对比试验,发现在灰砂比为1∶8、质量浓度为68%的条件下,新型胶凝材料胶结试块28 d抗压强度是水泥胶结试块同龄期抗压强度的8.2倍。朱斌等[16]通过FLAC3D数值模拟软件研究了充填体厚度及采空区跨度与高度之比对充填体顶板稳定性的影响规律,结果表明,充填体厚度与顶板下沉位移量呈负相关关系。
为优化佩吉铜金矿二采区的充填配比设计,降低充填成本,本文结合理论计算、室内充填体强度试验和现场工业试验等手段,研究料浆质量浓度和灰砂比对充填体强度的影响规律,并优化充填材料配合比。基于现场工业试验,分析验证各部位充填体强度是否满足生产要求,为矿山安全生产及降低充填成本提供参考。
国内外的采矿科技工作者们对确定胶结充填体强度提出了很多理论方法。通过对充填体受力状态、充填体与围岩的相互作用进行一定的条件假设,求出充填体内应力与充填体暴露参数之间的关系,并以此为依据,确定充填体保持稳定所需的强度,然后再确定充填配比。
目前国内外在充填体强度计算时常用的力学模型和计算公式有Thomas模型法、Terzaghi模型法、Mitchell计算法、杨辛公式法、覆岩承重计算法和蔡嗣经经验公式法等。其中,杨辛公式法和蔡嗣经经验公式法的计算结果最接近生产实际,安全可靠性更强。因此,本研究采用这两种方法计算充填体内的垂直应力,为了提高安全可靠性,取两种方法计算结果的较大值作为确定充填材料配比的依据。
计算充填体内垂直应力σv的杨辛公式如下:
式中:σv为充填体内垂直应力,MPa;γ为充填体的容重,γ=20.5 kN/m3;S为充填采场周长,S=114 m;F为充填采场水平断面积,充填采场宽度取12 m时,F=540 m2;δ为充填体与岩体之间的摩擦角,δ=22°;λ为侧压系数,λ=1−sinφ,φ为充填体的内摩擦角,φ=35°,λ=0.426 4;H为距充填体顶面的高度,m。
同样引入安全系数k,取k=1.0,1.5和2.0。在本研究中充填采场宽度取12 m,不同安全系数下,充填体内垂直应力与距充填体顶面高度之间的关系曲线见图1。
计算充填体内垂直应力的蔡嗣经经验公式如下:
式中,a为经验系数,a=600~1 100,建议充填体高度小于50 m时,a取 600,大于100 m时,a取 1 000,本次研究a取 1 000。
取安全系数k=1.0,1.2和1.5。不同安全系数情况下,充填体内垂直应力与距充填体顶面高度之间的关系曲线见图2。
通过比较可知,蔡嗣经经验公式法的计算结果相对更加安全可靠。参照国内外充填体强度研究成果与设计经验,根据矿房不同高度与宽度,基于蔡嗣经经验公式确定佩吉铜金矿所需的充填体强度推荐值,见表1。
表1中的强度推荐值以充填体自重为基础,同时也考虑了上部岩层(或充填体)的应力传递、爆破和充填质量的影响,充填配比根据试验确定。
佩吉铜金矿二采区采矿方法以阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法为主,将同一个盘区的矿体划分为矿房、矿柱两步骤回采。佩吉铜金矿的矿石品位高,需要回采盘区间柱,因此,需要采用较高强度的胶结充填体进行充填。此外,采场底部结构为堑沟,设计隔三采一,需要在底部充填体内反掘巷道,底部需要更高强度的充填体。综上所述,本研究推荐该矿采用表2所列的充填体强度值。
(1)采场底部充填体强度。由于需要在底部充填体中掘进巷道,类比相似矿山,高强度充填体的高度一般为底部巷道高度的2倍左右,本矿山底部巷道高度均为5 m,因此推荐底部10 m的充填体强度R28≥4.0 MPa。
(2)一步采场中部充填体强度。二步采场回采时,要求一步采场充填体能够自立,且能承受一定的爆破动载荷的扰动,根据计算,中部充填体强度(凿岩硐室以下)R28≥1.8 MPa。
(3)一步采场顶部充填体强度。考虑人员作业和爆破对充填体的影响,一步采场的上部充填体强度要高于中部充填体强度,顶部充填体强度(5~6 m)R28≥2.5 MPa。
(4)二步采场中部充填体强度。盘区间柱回采时仅暴露采场端部的充填体约12 m,与开采二步采场暴露一步采场充填体长度45 m不同,所以二步采场充填体的强度略低于一步采场充填体的强度,推荐中部(顶板往下2 m至底部)充填体强度R28为1.0~1.2 MPa。
(5)二步采场顶部充填体强度。矿体上部有隔离矿柱,回采隔离矿柱时,采场顶部充填体将作为回采平台,需要承载铲运机等设备的运行,因此顶部充填体强度(2 m)R28≥2.5 MPa。
试验材料均为现场充填所采用的全尾砂、水泥和工业用水。尾砂的粒级组成与化学成分分析结果来源于矿山选厂提供的资料,尾砂的粒级组成见图3,化学成分组成见表3。
根据深锥浓密机的底流质量浓度(63%~65%),设计了充填料浆的质量浓度为65%~68%,灰砂比为1∶6、1∶8、1∶10、1∶16、1∶20,并开展了充填料浆配比正交试验,试验方案见表4。
对表4中的各组试验方案进行了塌落度测试,结果表明,各组配比的料浆其塌落度均大于28 cm,说明料浆的流动性均满足管道输送的要求。
根据表4的配比方案,采用70.7 mm×70.7 mm×70.7 mm的标准试模制备充填体试块,分别养护7 d、14 d和28 d,并测试试块的单轴抗压强度,测试结果如图4所示。
由图4中试块单轴抗压强度测试结果可知,随着灰砂比的降低,充填体单轴抗压强度逐渐降低;随着水泥含量的增加,充填体强度明显增加,各组配比充填体胶结效果均较好。其中,质量浓度为68%的充填体试样具有较好的单轴抗压强度,且符合理论计算所需的充填体强度要求,灰砂比为1∶6的充填体其28 d单轴抗压强度达到4.72 MPa,灰砂比为1∶8的充填体其28 d单轴抗压强度达到2.28 MPa,可满足充填体作为顶板和立柱的强度要求。
为了获取不同配比充填体的整体充填效果,用DiamecPHC6型探矿钻机在试验采场钻取岩芯直径为45 mm左右的充填体试样。结合矿山的现场实际情况和取芯目的,共施工了6个取芯钻孔,如图5所示。
在充填站实验室利用TTE-300型压力试验机对充填体取样岩芯进行抗压强度测试。岩芯直径约为45 mm,根据试验要求,按照径高比1∶2加工成试块,即试块直径45 mm,高90 mm。
根据每个钻孔的情况,制作不同数量的试块。0#钻孔为底部水平钻孔,将0#钻孔岩芯制作成6个试块,1#钻孔岩芯制作成12个试块,2#钻孔岩芯制作成11个试块,3#钻孔岩芯制作成15个试块,共计44个试块。试块的抗压强度测试结果见表5。
对于底部充填体,由0#钻孔取芯试块获得的充填体平均抗压强度为3.89 MPa,由1#钻孔取芯试块获得的充填体平均抗压强度为3.97 MPa,底部充填体强度相对稳定。由充填体中部的2#钻孔取芯试块获得的充填体平均抗压强度为2.22 MPa。由充填体顶部的3#钻孔取芯试块获得的充填体平均抗压强度为1.98 MPa。
设计要求的充填体强度为:底部R28≥4.0 MPa,中部R28≥1.8 MPa,顶部R28≥2.5 MPa。对比分析可知,中部充填体强度可满足要求,顶底部充填体强度略低于要求,考虑试验误差造成强度值偏低的因素,综合判定充填体整体强度基本可以满足需求。
矿山充填材料主要为水泥和尾砂。水泥外购价有较大浮动,平均约120 美元/t,合人民币约840 元/t。水泥容重约2 790 kg/m3,尾砂容重约2 620 kg/m3,矿石容重取3.18 t/m3,据此计算得到的各种配比的充填料浆成本见表6。
原充填方案中,一步骤采场下部10 m高充填体的灰砂比为1∶5,上部充填体的灰砂比为1∶6,中部充填体的灰砂比为1∶8,二步骤采场下部10 m高充填体的灰砂比为1∶6,中上部充填体的灰砂比为1∶8,共3种充填灰砂比,充填体沉缩率约为5%,计算得到充填成本约为41.94 元/t。
优化后,一步骤采场下部10 m高充填体的灰砂比为1∶6,中部和上部充填体的灰砂比为1∶8,二步骤采场下部10 m高充填体的灰砂比为1∶6,中部充填体的灰砂比暂定1∶10,上部2 m高充填体的灰砂比为1∶8,共3种充填灰砂比,充填体沉缩率约为5%,计算得到充填成本约为39.41 元/t。采用优化后的充填方案比原充填方案减少充填成本2.53 元/t。
通过理论计算、室内试验和工业试验,研究了充填材料配合比对充填体强度的影响。首先,通过杨辛公式和蔡嗣经经验公式法对所需要的充填体强度进行了计算,并依据佩吉铜金矿二采区生产情况推荐了充填体强度值。以现场材料为基础,开展室内充填体强度试验,确定了充填料浆质量浓度为68%、灰砂比为1∶6和1∶8的充填参数方案。在此基础上进行现场工业试验,对采区不同部位的充填体进行取芯和强度试验。工业试验表明,一步骤采场底部采用1∶6的灰砂比、顶部及中部采用1∶8的灰砂比进行充填,可以满足二步骤采场回采充填体强度的要求,同时充填成本上比采用原充填配合比方案减少了2.53 元/t,降低了矿山生产成本。

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2025年第45卷第2期
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  • 接收时间:2024-03-01
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
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    1.低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建 上杭县 364204
    2.紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建 上杭县 364200
    3.紫金(长沙)工程技术有限公司,湖南 长沙 410036

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刘龙琼(1988—),男,江西吉安人,硕士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事金属地下矿山开采工艺研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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