矿业研究与开发

张家口市历史遗留废弃矿山现状及地质环境修复对策研究

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田彦清 ¹^,² , 李博 ³^,⁴

矿业研究与开发 | 矿山安全与环保 2026,46(1): 195-203

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矿业研究与开发 |矿山安全与环保 2026 , 46 (1) : 195 -203

张家口市历史遗留废弃矿山现状及地质环境修复对策研究

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田彦清¹^,², 李博³^,⁴

作者信息

^1．中国五矿集团有限公司，北京　100010

^2．中国地质大学（北京）工程技术学院，北京　100083

^3．中国地质矿业有限公司，北京　100029

^4．北京化工大学经济管理学院，北京　100029

作者简介:

田彦清（1985—），男，陕西宝鸡人，博士研究生，高级工程师，研究方向为矿山生态修复及安全管理。E-mail:tianyanqing@hotmail.com

Research on Status and Geological Environment Restoration Countermeasures of Historical Abandoned Mines in Zhangjiakou City

Yanqing TIAN¹^,², Bo LI³^,⁴

Affiliations

^1.China Minmetals Corporation, Beijing 100010, China

^2.School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

^3.China National Geological and Mining Corporation, Beijing 100029, China

^4.School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

出版时间: 2026-01-25

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废弃矿山地质环境修复是协调矿产资源开发与生态保护的重要途径，也是深化生态文明建设的重要举措，对推进美丽中国建设、改善人居环境具有重要意义。为科学推进张家口市历史遗留废弃矿山修复与利用，以遥感监测为基础，结合资料收集与实地勘查，统计分析废弃矿山现状特征，识别主要问题，并依据区域实际，提出修复对策。结果表明:（1）截至2023年底，查明张家口市各地区待治理历史遗留废弃矿山475座，总面积约11.29 km²；（2）长期粗放式的开采活动导致地形地貌景观破坏面积约6. 855 2 km²，造成显著视觉污染和局部生态退化；（3）大规模的废弃矿山普遍存在地形损毁、地质灾害、土地压占、水生态破坏、土壤植被严重受损等5类问题，已对矿区及周边地质地貌、土地和水资源、居民生产生活安全和生物多样性等造成严重影响；（4）建议遵循“顺应自然、系统修复，突出重点、因地制宜，创新机制、政策驱动”的原则，构建以生态修复、产业修复和价值修复为框架的废弃矿山综合交互修复模式，探索将地质环境修复与产业、经济发展相结合，以实现修复经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的叠加，为废弃矿山地质环境修复和推动我国绿色矿山建设提供参考。

关键词

历史遗留废弃矿山 / 地质环境修复 / 对策建议 / 待治理区

Abstract

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The restoration of the geological environment in abandoned mines is an important approach to resolving the contradiction between mineral resource development and ecological protection, and it is also a significant measure to implement the deepening of the ecological civilization system reform. It plays a crucial role in building a beautiful China and improving the living and production environment and standards of the people. To better restore and utilize the historical abandoned mines in Zhangjiakou City, based on remote sensing monitoring, through methods such as data collection and on-site investigation, the current situation and characteristics of abandoned mines were statistically analyzed, common problems were summarized, and countermeasures and suggestions for geological environment restoration were proposed in combination with the local characteristics and conditions of the abandoned mines. The results are concluded as follows. Firstly, by the end of 2023, the identified un-restored historical abandoned mines is 475 in various regions of Zhangjiakou City, covering an area of approximately 11.29 square kilometers. Secondly, due to the long-term extensive mining activities, about 685.52 square kilometers of terrain and landscape have been damaged, causing severe visual pollution and local ecological environment damage. Thirdly, large-scale abandoned mine areas generally have five types of problems, including terrain damage, geological disasters, land occupation, water ecological destruction and serious damage to soil vegetation. These problems have caused relatively serious impacts on the geological and geomorphological conditions, land and water resources, the safety of residents' production and life, and biodiversity in the mining areas and their surroundings. Finally, it is suggested to plan the work based on the working concept of "conforming to nature, systematic restoration, highlighting key points, adapting to local conditions, innovating mechanisms, and policy-driven", and an integrated interactive restoration model for abandoned mines with ecological restoration, industrial restoration, and value restoration as the framework has been proposed. The combination of geological environment restoration with industry and economic development will be explored to achieve the superimposed effects of economic, ecological, and social benefits, providing a reference for the restoration of the geological environment in abandoned mines and the promotion of green mine construction in China.

Key words

Historical abandoned mine / Geological environment restoration / Countermeasure and suggestion / Un-restored area

引用本文

田彦清, 李博. 张家口市历史遗留废弃矿山现状及地质环境修复对策研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2026 , 46 (1) : 195 -203 .

Yanqing TIAN, Bo LI. Research on Status and Geological Environment Restoration Countermeasures of Historical Abandoned Mines in Zhangjiakou City[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2026 , 46 (1) : 195 -203 .

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2026年第46卷第1期

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接收时间：2025-10-23
首发时间：2026-10-29
出版时间：2026-01-25

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收稿日期：2025-10-23

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^1．中国五矿集团有限公司，北京　100010

^2．中国地质大学（北京）工程技术学院，北京　100083

^3．中国地质矿业有限公司，北京　100029

^4．北京化工大学经济管理学院，北京　100029

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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