Article(id=1322164855008776345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322164760943116291, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735142400000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793158266069, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1766592000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793158266069, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793158266069, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793158266069, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322164760943116291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='302', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1766592000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793158243641, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793158929367, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322167637195477357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322164760943116291, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322167637199671662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322164760943116291, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=106, endPage=114, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322164855193325722, articleId=1322164855008776345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Intelligent Prediction of Thickness of the Surround Rock Loosened Zone in Roadways Based on Interpretable Machine Learning, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To enhance the accuracy and reliability of measuring the thickness of the surrounding rock loosened zone in roadways, a high-precision prediction model (PSO-Stacking) for the thickness of the loosened zone was proposed. This model employed interpretable artificial intelligence algorithms to address the black-box effect of machine learning algorithms and explained the prediction mechanism. The model was validated through an engineering case study at Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine. By incorporating SHAP analysis to interpret model decisions, the influence of surrounding rock loosened zone characteristics was revealed, thereby improving interpretability. The research results demonstrate that the PSO-Stacking model performs exceptionally well in predicting the thickness of the loosened zone, with high prediction accuracy and minimal error. On the test set, the R2 value reached 0.957, while the RMSE and MAE were 0.118 and 0.087, respectively. Global interpretability analysis of the prediction model indicates that roadway burial depth and joint development degree have the most significant impact on the prediction results. Local interpretability analysis reveals that burial depth considerably influences the thickness of the loosened zone in high-strength surrounding rock, while joint development has a lesser effect. According to the application in Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine, the average error between the predicted results and the actual values is only 4.31%, demonstrating that the proposed model can effectively predict the thickness of the surrounding rock loosened zone and reveal the influence of its characteristics. This study provides timely scientific reference for evaluating surrounding rock support and its effectiveness, meeting the demands of engineering practice.

, authors=Quanming ZHANG1, Wei LIU1, Jingxiao TANG1, Hao LIU2, Ke ZHAI1, authorsList=Quanming ZHANG, Wei LIU, Jingxiao TANG, Hao LIU, Ke ZHAI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hao LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322164862671769792, articleId=1322164855008776345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=基于可解释性机器学习的巷道围岩松动圈厚度智能预测, columnId=1226462295417598973, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=矿山安全与环保, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了提高巷道围岩松动圈厚度测量的精准性和可靠性,提出了一种利用可解释人工智能算法破解机器学习算法黑盒效应并解释预测机理的松动圈厚度高精度预测模型(PSO-Stacking),并在兴隆庄煤矿进行工程实例验证。结合SHAP分析模型决策,揭示围岩松动圈特征影响,提升可解释性。研究结果表明:PSO-Stacking模型在预测松动圈厚度方面表现优秀,预测精度高,误差小,测试集R2为0.957,RMSE和MAE分别为0.118和0.087;预测模型的全局可解释性分析显示巷道埋深与机理发育程度对预测结果影响最大;局部解释分析表明,埋深显著影响高强度围岩的松动圈厚度,而节理发育影响较小;将模型应用于兴隆庄煤矿,预测结果与真实值平均误差仅为4.31%,表明所提出模型能有效预测巷道围岩松动圈厚度并揭示其特征影响,为围岩支护及有效性评价及时提供科学参考,满足工程实践需求。

, authors=张全明1, 刘伟1, 唐敬晓1, 刘浩2, 翟珂1, authorsList=张全明, 刘伟, 唐敬晓, 刘浩, 翟珂, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘浩, authorNote=

张全明(1985—),男,山东济宁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事煤矿开采与巷道掘进方面的研究。E-mail:

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刘浩(1992—),男,河北邯郸人,博士,研究员,主要从事矿山压力、巷道围岩稳定性控制方面的研究。E-mail:
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张全明(1985—),男,山东济宁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事煤矿开采与巷道掘进方面的研究。E-mail:

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张全明(1985—),男,山东济宁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事煤矿开采与巷道掘进方面的研究。E-mail:

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Optimisation and economic analysis of industrial-scale anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and decanter cake (DC) using machine learning models: a comparative study of Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), K-nearest neighbours (KNN), and random forest (RF)[J]. 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journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164855008776345, language=CN, label=图10, caption=兴隆庄煤矿松动圈厚度预测结果, figureFileSmall=dNk+lF+innM7bwYmz507Tw==, figureFileBig=8Qq6Tgu6noEQPT8Fsdbt5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164872314474754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164855008776345, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Sample dataset and characteristics of the loosening zone

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序号巷道埋深/m巷道跨度/m单轴抗压强度/MPa节理发育程度松动圈厚度/m
11252.813.3020.7
25253.215.8041.6
31802.8110.2010.3
43433.232.2020.7
52933.511.9031.1
66654.410.9041.7
71782.623.8031.2
84654.09.5041.6
96753.825.6432.1
101782.623.8031.2
……
1626904.252.0031.4
1635203.811.9041.7
1642493.216.8031.0
1653403.073.6020.8
1664673.410.1041.8
1674703.69.1052.1
1683224.414.3041.5
1695103.212.6041.6
1702313.018.3020.7
1714603.2101.6010.4
1726904.252.0031.4
), ArticleFig(id=1322164872436109571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164855008776345, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

松动圈样本数据集及其特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号巷道埋深/m巷道跨度/m单轴抗压强度/MPa节理发育程度松动圈厚度/m
11252.813.3020.7
25253.215.8041.6
31802.8110.2010.3
43433.232.2020.7
52933.511.9031.1
66654.410.9041.7
71782.623.8031.2
84654.09.5041.6
96753.825.6432.1
101782.623.8031.2
……
1626904.252.0031.4
1635203.811.9041.7
1642493.216.8031.0
1653403.073.6020.8
1664673.410.1041.8
1674703.69.1052.1
1683224.414.3041.5
1695103.212.6041.6
1702313.018.3020.7
1714603.2101.6010.4
1726904.252.0031.4
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基于可解释性机器学习的巷道围岩松动圈厚度智能预测
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张全明 1 , 刘伟 1 , 唐敬晓 1 , 刘浩 2 , 翟珂 1
矿业研究与开发 | 矿山安全与环保 2025,45(12): 106-114
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矿业研究与开发 |矿山安全与环保 2025 , 45 (12) : 106 -114
基于可解释性机器学习的巷道围岩松动圈厚度智能预测
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张全明1 , 刘伟1, 唐敬晓1, 刘浩2 , 翟珂1
作者信息
  • 1.兖州矿业集团有限公司 兴隆庄煤矿,山东 济宁市 272102
  • 2.山东科技大学 采矿工程研究院,山东 泰安市 271019
通讯作者:
刘浩(1992—),男,河北邯郸人,博士,研究员,主要从事矿山压力、巷道围岩稳定性控制方面的研究。E-mail:
作者简介:

张全明(1985—),男,山东济宁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事煤矿开采与巷道掘进方面的研究。E-mail:

Intelligent Prediction of Thickness of the Surround Rock Loosened Zone in Roadways Based on Interpretable Machine Learning
Quanming ZHANG1 , Wei LIU1, Jingxiao TANG1, Hao LIU2 , Ke ZHAI1
Affiliations
  • 1.Yanzhou Mining Group Co., Ltd., Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine, Jining, Shandong 272102, China
  • 2.Laboratory of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Taian, Shandong 271019, China
出版时间: 2025-12-25
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为了提高巷道围岩松动圈厚度测量的精准性和可靠性,提出了一种利用可解释人工智能算法破解机器学习算法黑盒效应并解释预测机理的松动圈厚度高精度预测模型(PSO-Stacking),并在兴隆庄煤矿进行工程实例验证。结合SHAP分析模型决策,揭示围岩松动圈特征影响,提升可解释性。研究结果表明:PSO-Stacking模型在预测松动圈厚度方面表现优秀,预测精度高,误差小,测试集R2为0.957,RMSE和MAE分别为0.118和0.087;预测模型的全局可解释性分析显示巷道埋深与机理发育程度对预测结果影响最大;局部解释分析表明,埋深显著影响高强度围岩的松动圈厚度,而节理发育影响较小;将模型应用于兴隆庄煤矿,预测结果与真实值平均误差仅为4.31%,表明所提出模型能有效预测巷道围岩松动圈厚度并揭示其特征影响,为围岩支护及有效性评价及时提供科学参考,满足工程实践需求。

松动圈厚度  /  粒子群优化  /  堆叠集成学习  /  机器学习  /  SHAP

To enhance the accuracy and reliability of measuring the thickness of the surrounding rock loosened zone in roadways, a high-precision prediction model (PSO-Stacking) for the thickness of the loosened zone was proposed. This model employed interpretable artificial intelligence algorithms to address the black-box effect of machine learning algorithms and explained the prediction mechanism. The model was validated through an engineering case study at Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine. By incorporating SHAP analysis to interpret model decisions, the influence of surrounding rock loosened zone characteristics was revealed, thereby improving interpretability. The research results demonstrate that the PSO-Stacking model performs exceptionally well in predicting the thickness of the loosened zone, with high prediction accuracy and minimal error. On the test set, the R2 value reached 0.957, while the RMSE and MAE were 0.118 and 0.087, respectively. Global interpretability analysis of the prediction model indicates that roadway burial depth and joint development degree have the most significant impact on the prediction results. Local interpretability analysis reveals that burial depth considerably influences the thickness of the loosened zone in high-strength surrounding rock, while joint development has a lesser effect. According to the application in Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine, the average error between the predicted results and the actual values is only 4.31%, demonstrating that the proposed model can effectively predict the thickness of the surrounding rock loosened zone and reveal the influence of its characteristics. This study provides timely scientific reference for evaluating surrounding rock support and its effectiveness, meeting the demands of engineering practice.

Thickness of loosen zone  /  Particle swarm optimization  /  Stacked ensemble learning  /  Machine learning  /  SHAP
张全明, 刘伟, 唐敬晓, 刘浩, 翟珂. 基于可解释性机器学习的巷道围岩松动圈厚度智能预测. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (12) : 106 -114 .
Quanming ZHANG, Wei LIU, Jingxiao TANG, Hao LIU, Ke ZHAI. Intelligent Prediction of Thickness of the Surround Rock Loosened Zone in Roadways Based on Interpretable Machine Learning[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (12) : 106 -114 .
近年来,随着地表浅层资源持续减少,资源开采愈发深入地下。深层巷道的开挖必然会扰乱地应力场,导致初始应力的重新分布,如爆破动荷载以及岩体开挖卸荷等都将引起工程岩体的弱化。当应力大于围岩强度时,围岩发生破裂形成不稳定区域,并在巷道周边形成环向裂隙带,也称为围岩松动圈[1],说明该区域岩体已呈现不稳定状态。巷道围岩松动圈作为反映围岩岩体强度的综合性指标,广泛应用于评估巷道的稳定性状况及支护措施的实施难度,是巷道开挖规划与设计中不可或缺的关键参数[2]。针对如何精确测量松动圈的厚度,学者们做了大量的研究工作,主要包括理论分析、数值模拟、现场测试[3-5]。
理论分析主要基于本构模型和失效准则,如ADAM等基于二维Mohr-Coulomb和Hoek-Brown失效准则提出的三维失效准则[6]。WANG等[7]则在Hoek-Brown强度准则的基础上提出了新的松动圈半径计算公式;经来旺等[8]基于Mogi-Coulomb准则推导围岩松动圈半径理论计算公式,并将其与MC准则、HB准则以及统一强度准则进行比较。随着计算机技术的迅猛发展,也为围岩松动圈数值模拟研究方法提供了全新的思路。LIU等[9]利用DEM模拟巷道围岩松动区域的整个破坏过程,验证了其在耦合THM条件下模拟围岩松动圈范围的能力;鲜杰[10]则利用3DEC揭示了松动圈厚度范围的演化规律;普冬冬[11]利用FLAC3D研究分析了支护与应力对松动圈厚度的影响。现场测试主要采用声波测试法和钻孔窥视法。杨艳国等[12]采用单孔声波法对山西金庄煤业5203煤巷进行松动圈测量,并验证了声波法测试巷道围岩松动圈范围的准确性。WANG等[13]通过钻孔窥视探测大兴煤矿松动圈特性,并为其设计了适当的支护系统。现场测量方法在可靠性方面表现出色,但需要投入大量的人力和物质资源,且测量周期较长。相比之下,机器学习在处理非线性及复杂关联性相关问题上表现出显著优势,已被广泛应用于解决各类工程难题。XIE等[14]基于随机森林算法对松动圈的范围进行预测,结果表明,随机森林模型对松动圈的厚度具有良好的预测能力;凡兴禹等[15]基于XGBoost算法构建模型对围岩松动圈厚度进行预测,并对预测模型的性能进行对比分析;方博扬等[16]基于优化后的Adaboost回归算法对松动圈的厚度进行预测,并对预测结果进行验证,表明所提出的模型能较好地预测松动圈厚度。
以上研究结果表明,机器学习模型在松动圈厚度应用中取得了令人满意的预测结果,且相对其他测量方法具有成本低及预测结果可靠等优势。然而,由于数据量较小、优化算法使用不当或模型超参数选择偏差等问题,预测结果的稳定性有待进一步提高,且缺少对预测模型机制的进一步揭示。针对以上问题,以巷道埋深、巷道跨度、岩石抗压强度、节理发育程度4个影响因素为基础,提出基于粒子群优化的堆叠集成学习模型(PSO-Stacking)来对松动圈的厚度进行预测,并在兴隆庄煤矿进行工程应用。同时,针对机器学习模型的“黑匣子”特性,结合SHApley加法解释(SHAP)方法,进一步分析预测模型的决策过程,揭示各输入特征对预测结果的影响机制,增强模型的可解释性,为巷道围岩松动圈厚度预测提供新方法。
堆叠集成学习是一种将多种机器学习算法综合起来的方法。多重分类或回归模型通过元分类器或元回归模型进行聚合。首先,对多个基本学习者(第一级学习者)进行培训,并将这些学习者的输出用作下一阶段第二级学习者的输入。最后,元学习器获得最终的预测结果,可以充分利用不同算法的优势[17-18]。本文主要采用两层堆叠集成学习模型来预测围岩松动圈厚度,其过程如图1所示。其中K-nearest Neighbor(KNN)、Decision Trees(DT)、Back Propagation(BP)、Random Forest(RF)作为基本学习器,Support Vector Machine(SVM)作为第二级学习器。
为了防止双层学习者重复学习数据导致过拟合现象,使用5-fold交叉验证方法(见图2)对松动圈Stacking预测模型进行数据区分和模型训练,使模型能够全面捕捉数据特征,降低过拟合风险,进一步增强模型的泛化能力[19]。
基于PSO改进的优化算法[20]是一种基于生物启发式搜索的智能参数优化算法,其采用位置、速度及适应度值来表征粒子,并通过特定参数计算的粒子更新位置来构建最优解,经过改进后的PSO算法的参数优化流程如图3所示。目标优化参数或解集包含在粒子群向量中。当解的搜索空间由参数D形成时,采用N个粒子来产生一个粒子群:
式中:Xi为第i个粒子的位置;Vi为第i个粒子的优化速度;迭代后第i个粒子和整个粒子群寻求的最佳位置分别用pbest和gbest表示。改进后粒子的位置和速度采用式(3)进行迭代更新。
式中:α为约束因子;w为惯性因子;c1和c2分别为个体粒子与群体粒子的加速度常数;为了增强搜索的随机性,r1和r2为区间[0,1]内的随机数。
在张鹏强等[21]和朱俊福等[22]学者研究的基础上,充分考虑松动圈厚度的主要影响因素,选择巷道埋深、巷道跨度、岩石抗压强度及节理发育程度作为输入参数。目前国内外关于松动圈厚度预测的研究较少,为了准确可靠地反映预测模型的结果,本研究从已有文献中筛选出172组非重复性巷道松动圈数据样本,相关数据及其特征见表1,并将松动圈厚度作为此次预测模型的目标[23]。
为了减小数据差异性,同时保证算法的准确性,在划分数据集之前,对所有数据进行聚合和随机排列操作,然后将前137组数据选为训练集数据,其余35组数据作为测试数据集。为了解各指标的相关性,各样本属性的统计信息及相关性矩阵和相关性系数如图4所示。从矩阵散点图中可以看出,各个特征变量之间无显著线性关系;大部分样本属性的相关性都较差,只有巷道跨度与巷道埋深及节理发育程度的相关性系数r分别为0.67和0.50,为适度相关。因此,各样本属性之间不存在因果关系,不需要作数据降维处理。
为了准确预测地下巷道围岩松动圈的厚度,选取137组数据作为训练数据集,另外35组数据作为测试数据集。首先,采用5个单一机器学习模型分别预测松动圈厚度;对于这5个模型,分别使用默认参数和粒子群优化参数进行训练后预测。同时,使用Stacking集成学习来集成这5个回归模型,这些模型通过PSO算法进行优化。最后,将SVM作为二级回归模型进行训练后的最终预测。采用PSO-Stacking模型预测围岩松动圈厚度的流程如图5所示。
每个单一模型、PSO-Stacking堆叠模型的预测值和真实值的对比结果如图6所示。从图6可以看出,采用PSO算法调优后模型生成的预测值相比默认参数模型生成的预测值更接近真实值。同样,经过堆叠集成优化后的PSO-Stacking模型计算的预测值,比起优化后单个模型生成的预测值也更趋近真实值。这说明采用PSO-Stacking模型预测围岩松动圈厚度具有明显的优势。
为了全面审视各模型的泛化潜力和预测效能(包括单一模型和集成模型),选取均值绝对误差(MAE)、均方根误差(RMSE)及决定系数(R2)三个指标来评估模型的质量[24]。其中,MAE和RMSE分别表示样本的平均误差和离散程度,遵循值越小、性能越优的原则,计算见式(4)、式(5)。R2用于衡量预测值和实际值的拟合程度,值越接近1,则表明模型拟合效果越好,计算过程见式(6)。
式中:n为数据量;为真实值;yt为预测值;为预测值的平均值。
各模型性能评估的计算结果如图7所示(颜色标识见电子版)。图中红色、蓝色数据点分别为各模型在训练数据集、测试数据集上的性能表现,两数据点差距越小,代表模型的性能越优,反之,则存在一定的过拟合情况。由图7可知,优化后单一模型的预测精度均得到了一定的提升,且过拟合现象得到了不同程度的优化,这表明PSO优化算法对机器学习模型具有很强的优化能力。其中,RF模型在测试集上的R2为0.939,RMSE为0.141,MAE为0.082,且训练集与测试集的误差较小,因此为单一模型中表现最佳。PSO-Stacking模型以KNN、DT、BP及RF作为基础学习者,以SVM作为元学习者,在测试集上的R2为0.957,拟合度最高,且具有最小的误差,RMSE和MAE值分别为0.118和0.087。同样,PSO-Stacking模型在训练集与测试集上的表现误差也是最小的,因此拥有最好的泛化能力。综上所述,PSO-Stacking模型在松动圈厚度预测中具有稳定的发挥及较高的精度,能有效预测松动圈的厚度,为巷道的稳定性评估及支护措施的有效性评价提供重要参考。
为了解决复杂机器学习算法的黑盒性质,引入一种可解释性技术SHAP(Shapley Additive Explanations)[25]。SHAP为机器学习模型预测提供了深入而直观的解释。该方法基于博弈论,确保了指标贡献的公平性,并揭示了巷道埋深、节理发育程度、单轴抗压强度及巷道跨度与松动圈厚度之间的特征关系。图8说明了各特征值在预测松动圈厚度中的重要性,作为可解释性的全局解释。通过分析各特征值在松动圈预测中的SHAP值,可以明显看出巷道埋深和机理发育程度对整个预测过程的影响最大,模型的输出随着SHAP值的增加而增加。相比之下,单轴抗压强度及巷道跨度对整个预测过程的影响较小,对松动圈厚度值的影响相对稳定。
SHAP的局部可解释性对研究预测模型中每个输入指标对预测结果的影响结果起着至关重要的作用。利用SHAP进行局部解释,不仅可以精确了解每个特征如何影响单个观测值的预测结果,还能清晰揭示特征指标变化如何影响模型输出。图9展示了4个特征变化时所预测的松动圈厚度的变化情况。每个特征值在垂直方向上的颜色分散表示与其他特征之间的交互作用(颜色标识见电子版)。如图9(a)所示,巷道埋深对高强度围岩的松动圈厚度影响较大,而节理发育程度则对高强度围岩的松动圈厚度影响较小。同样,如图9(b)和9(c)所示,巷道跨度对深埋围岩的松动圈厚度以及单轴抗压强度对机理发育围岩的松动圈厚度影响适中。因此,通过将特征与其他特征在数据集中的SHAP值进行比较,能有助于了解单个特征对预测模型输出的影响,从而揭示模型预测过程的“黑盒”性质。
兴隆庄煤矿是一个设计生产能力为3.00 Mt/a的大型现代化矿井。该矿各采区构造发育,主要包括褶皱和断层两种类型,且煤岩体中节理裂隙发育,岩石破碎,工程地质条件较差,导致各采区巷道围岩变形较为严重。
为了验证提出的PSO-Stacking模型预测地下巷道围岩松动圈厚度的可靠性,同时为兴隆庄煤矿各巷道围岩的加强支护提供基础设计参数,将该模型应用于兴隆庄煤矿地下巷道围岩松动圈厚度的预测中。本次验证选取4条地下巷道的实测数据,采用PSO-Stacking模型对不同巷道顶板的松动圈厚度进行预测,并与实测值进行对比验证,预测具体参数和结果见图10。由图10可知,兴隆庄煤矿4条巷道松动圈厚度的实测值为0.82~2.12 m,PSO-Stacking模型的预测值为0.808~2.006 m,其中最大误差为5.75%,最小误差为1.46%,平均误差仅为4.31%,表明经过优化的PSO-Stacking模型具有很好的工程实践表现。
因此,当地下巷道或硐室在掘进之前,若采用PSO-Stacking模型对松动圈厚度进行超前预测,则能根据预测值提前优化巷道的掘进方案,并可为巷道开挖后围岩支护方案的设计优化提供参考,加强围岩变形安全防护,减少巷道事故的发生。
(1)提出了PSO-Stacking巷道围岩松动圈厚度预测模型,该模型采用改进后的PSO算法进行优化,解决了以往预测模型精度低和泛化能力差的问题。
(2)引用可解释性技术对预测结果进行分析,基于全局可解释性分析,可得巷道埋深和机理发育程度对整个预测过程的影响最大;基于局部特征可解释性分析,可知巷道埋深对高强度围岩的松动圈厚度影响较大,而节理发育程度则对高强度围岩的松动圈厚度影响较小。
(3)PSO-Stacking模型的松动圈预测值与兴隆庄煤矿的实测值对比最大误差为5.75%,最小误差为1.46%,平均误差仅为4.31%,预测结果与现场情况具有较高的一致性,进一步验证了本预测模型应用于工程实践的可靠性。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52304145)
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2025年第45卷第12期
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  • 接收时间:2024-12-26
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2025-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-26
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国家自然科学基金项目(52304145)
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    1.兖州矿业集团有限公司 兴隆庄煤矿,山东 济宁市 272102
    2.山东科技大学 采矿工程研究院,山东 泰安市 271019

通讯作者:

刘浩(1992—),男,河北邯郸人,博士,研究员,主要从事矿山压力、巷道围岩稳定性控制方面的研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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