Article(id=1322164823769601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322164760943116291, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733587200000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793158258620, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1766592000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793158258620, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793158258620, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793158258620, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322164760943116291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='302', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1766592000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793158243641, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793158929367, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322167637195477357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322164760943116291, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322167637199671662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322164760943116291, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=195, endPage=207, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322164823975121897, articleId=1322164823769601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Study on the Microscopic Mechanism of En-Echelon Fracture in Shale Under Compression-Shear Loading, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to explore the effect of shear slip on the communication and connection of multiple tensile cracks in shale, based on the indoor compression-shear test, the fracture process of shale with different bedding angles was studied by PFC2D from the microscopic point of view. The characteristics of initiation, propagation, communication and connection of en-echelon fracture, as well as the effect of bedding direction, were analyzed, and the influence of each main control factor on en-echelon fracture was discussed. The results show that in the compression-shear fracture process of shale, the en-echelon tensile fracture of the oblique shear plane first initiate near the shear plane. When the expansion of the en-echelon fracture gradually slows down or even is blocked, the shear cracks initiated from both ends of the shear plane rapidly expand and penetrate the en-echelon fracture, forming a macroscopic shear fracture zone. The morphology of en-echelon fracture formed in the process of compression-shear shows obvious bedding direction effect. The shale with bedding angle of 0° is sheared along the bedding, and no en-echelon fracture are formed. The shale with bedding angle of 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° forms en-echelon fracture with uniform oblique bedding, while the shale with bedding angle of 120°, 135° and 150° forms en-echelon fracture along bedding or oblique bedding, and the scale of en-echelon fracture shows anisotropic characteristics. The en-echelon fracture formed in the process of compression-shear fracture are mainly tensile cracks, and the en-echelon fracture are mainly connected by shear cracks to form shear fracture zones. The number of bedding has no obvious effect on the shape and scale of en-echelon fracture propagation. With the increase of bedding cementation strength, the scale of en-echelon fracture shows a certain weakening trend, and the width and size of shear fracture zone are obviously reduced.

, authors=Xiaoyan FENG1, Shuai HENG1, 2, Duanwei CAO1, Hongyu LIU1, Chenxing WANG1, authorsList=Xiaoyan FENG, Shuai HENG, Duanwei CAO, Hongyu LIU, Chenxing WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuai HENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322164830761504781, articleId=1322164823769601000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=压–剪作用下页岩雁列状断裂的微细观机制研究, columnId=1226462295417598973, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=矿山安全与环保, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探讨剪切滑移对页岩多张拉裂纹的沟通连接作用,在室内压–剪试验的基础上,通过PFC2D从微细观角度对不同层理角度页岩的断裂过程进行了研究,分析了雁列状裂缝的萌生、扩展与沟通连接特征,以及其层理方向效应,探讨了各主控因素对雁列状断裂的影响规律。结果表明:页岩压–剪断裂过程中,首先在剪切面附近萌生斜交剪切面的雁列状张拉裂缝,当雁列状裂缝的扩展逐渐减慢甚至受阻后,自剪切面两端萌生的剪切裂纹迅速扩展并贯穿雁列状裂缝,形成宏观剪切破裂带;压–剪过程中形成的雁列状裂缝的形态呈现出明显的层理方向效应,层理角度为0°的页岩沿层理剪切,未形成雁列状裂缝,层理角度为30°、45°、60°和90°的页岩形成了均斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,而层理角度为120°、135°和150°的页岩形成了沿层理或斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,且雁列状裂缝的尺度呈现出各向异性特征;压–剪断裂过程中形成的雁列状裂缝主要为张拉裂纹,而雁列状裂缝主要靠剪切裂纹沟通连接形成剪切破裂带;层理数目对雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的影响不明显,而随着层理胶结强度的提高,雁列状裂缝尺度呈现出一定的减弱趋势,剪切破裂带的宽度和尺寸明显减少。

, authors=冯笑颜1, 衡帅1, 2, 曹端伟1, 刘鸿宇1, 王琛星1, authorsList=冯笑颜, 衡帅, 曹端伟, 刘鸿宇, 王琛星, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=衡帅, authorNote=

冯笑颜(2000—),男,河南荥阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究。E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=
衡帅(1985—),男,河南洛阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究工作。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=3u8SjfhOpwj0SlIVpkHYrw==, magXml=BqI7sEhrEtoE91lgQFXNQg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=kfXbwxDjW3E9NJpFmDs7Rw==, pdfFileSize=4257140, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=cO0gug9ruxxbjl/6nZS/QQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=B6v694X6xxOCI2fKqjsbxw==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322164831294181397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=fxy18737131737@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831373873175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831294181397, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoyan FENG, firstName=Xiaoyan, middleName=null, lastName=FENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831440982040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831294181397, language=CN, stringName=冯笑颜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio={"content":"

冯笑颜(2000—),男,河南荥阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

冯笑颜(2000—),男,河南荥阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164831558422554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=shheng@yeah.net, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831659085853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831558422554, language=EN, stringName=Shuai HENG, firstName=Shuai, middleName=null, lastName=HENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831751360542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831558422554, language=CN, stringName=衡帅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003
2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322164831210295313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831218683922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831210295313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831227072531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831210295313, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164831919132704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832049156130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831919132704, language=EN, stringName=Duanwei CAO, firstName=Duanwei, middleName=null, lastName=CAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832204345379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831919132704, language=CN, stringName=曹端伟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164832342757413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832468586535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832342757413, language=EN, stringName=Hongyu LIU, firstName=Hongyu, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832581832744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832342757413, language=CN, stringName=刘鸿宇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164832665718826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832812519468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832665718826, language=EN, stringName=Chenxing WANG, firstName=Chenxing, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832892211245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832665718826, language=CN, stringName=王琛星, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322164833080954926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Compression-shear effect), Keyword(id=1322164833152258095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Shale), Keyword(id=1322164833219366960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=En-echelon fracture), Keyword(id=1322164833299058737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Effect of bedding direction), Keyword(id=1322164834993557556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Microcosmic mechanism), Keyword(id=1322164835152941109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=压–剪作用), Keyword(id=1322164835295547446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=页岩), Keyword(id=1322164835387822135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=雁列状断裂), Keyword(id=1322164835509456952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=层理方向效应), Keyword(id=1322164835660451897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=微细观机制)], refs=[Reference(id=1322164845047304293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=侯梦如, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=侯梦如. 基于矿物界面效应的页岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律研究[D].辽宁:辽宁工程技术大学,2022., articleTitle=基于矿物界面效应的页岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845135384678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=HOU Mengru, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HOU Mengru. Research on fracture propagation law of shale hydraulic fracturing based on mineral interface effect [D]. Liaoning: Liaoning Technical University, 2022., articleTitle=Research on fracture propagation law of shale hydraulic fracturing based on mineral interface effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845240242279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=11, pageStart=421, pageEnd=430, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=赵万志, journalName=科技信息, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵万志. 煤层气特征及形成条件综述[J]. 科技信息,2013 (11): 421+430., articleTitle=煤层气特征及形成条件综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845374460008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=11, pageStart=421, pageEnd=430, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=ZHAO Wanzhi, journalName=Science & technology information, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Wanzhi. Summarization of CBM characteristics and formation conditions[J]. Science & technology information, 2013 (11): 421+430., articleTitle=Summarization of CBM characteristics and formation conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845550620777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=王兴华, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王兴华. 黔北岑巩区块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层裂缝表征与控气作用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2020., articleTitle=黔北岑巩区块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层裂缝表征与控气作用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845651284074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=WANG Xinghua, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Xinghua. Fractures characterization and controlling effect on shale gas of lower Cambrian Niutitang Shale in Cen'gong block, Northeastern Guizhou Province [D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences Beijing, 2020., articleTitle=Fractures characterization and controlling effect on shale gas of lower Cambrian Niutitang Shale in Cen'gong block, Northeastern Guizhou Province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845714198635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=贾云倩, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贾云倩. 四川盆地龙马溪组页岩储层微观结构分异特征及其主控机制[D].荆州:长江大学,2023., articleTitle=四川盆地龙马溪组页岩储层微观结构分异特征及其主控机制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845789696108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=JIA Yunqian, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIA Yunqian. Microstructure differentiation characteristics and main controlling mechanism of shale reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin[D]. Jingzhou: Yangtze University, 2023., articleTitle=Microstructure differentiation characteristics and main controlling mechanism of shale reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845860999277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=104, pageEnd=110, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=朱利锋, 翁剑桥, 吕文雅, journalName=地质调查与研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱利锋,翁剑桥,吕文雅. 四川长宁地区页岩储层天然裂缝发育特征及研究意义[J]. 地质调查与研究,2016, 39 (2): 104-110., articleTitle=四川长宁地区页岩储层天然裂缝发育特征及研究意义, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164845949079662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=104, pageEnd=110, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=ZHU Lifeng, WENG Jianqiao, LYU Wenya, journalName=Geological Survey and Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU Lifeng, WENG Jianqiao, LYU Wenya. The significance and characteristics of natural fractures of the shale in Changning area, Sichuan province [J]. Geological Survey and Research, 2016, 39 (2): 104-110., articleTitle=The significance and characteristics of natural fractures of the shale in Changning area, Sichuan province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846032965743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=阴丽诗, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=阴丽诗. 渝东地区海相页岩储集能力影响因素及评价[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2018., articleTitle=渝东地区海相页岩储集能力影响因素及评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846104268912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=YIN Lishi, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YIN Lishi. Controlling factors and evaluation of marine shale reservoircapacity in the east of Chongqing[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 2018., articleTitle=Controlling factors and evaluation of marine shale reservoircapacity in the east of Chongqing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846175572081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=何启越, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何启越. 渝东南地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩裂缝特征研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2018., articleTitle=渝东南地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩裂缝特征研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846276235378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=HE Qiyue, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE Qiyue. Study on fracture characteristics of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in southeastern Chongqing [D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2018., articleTitle=Study on fracture characteristics of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in southeastern Chongqing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846372704371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=张艺凡, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张艺凡. 中国南方典型地区海相页岩储层孔隙特征与渗透性研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2020., articleTitle=中国南方典型地区海相页岩储层孔隙特征与渗透性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846469173364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=15, authorNames=ZHANG Yifan, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Yifan. Study on pore structure and permeability characteristics of marine shale in typical areas of south China [D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 2020., articleTitle=Study on pore structure and permeability characteristics of marine shale in typical areas of south China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846532087925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=64, issue=null, pageStart=60, pageEnd=72, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=FRASH L P, CAREY J W, ICKES T, journalName=International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FRASH L P, CAREY J W, ICKES T, et al. Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation [J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2017, 64: 60-72., articleTitle=Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846599196790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=27, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=CAREY J W, LEI Z, ROUGIER E, journalName=Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAREY J W, LEI Z, ROUGIER E, et al. Fracture-permeability behavior of shale[J]. Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources, 2015, 11: 27-43., articleTitle=Fracture-permeability behavior of shale, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164846666305655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=124, issue=1, pageStart=957, pageEnd=977, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=FRASH L P, CAREY J W, WELCH N J, journalName=Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FRASH L P, CAREY J W, WELCH N J. Scalable en echelon shear-fracture aperture-roughness mechanism: theory, validation, and implications [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2019, 124 (1): 957-977., articleTitle=Scalable en echelon shear-fracture aperture-roughness mechanism: theory, validation, and implications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848415330425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=宋岳, 柳滔, 余俊爽, journalName=水力发电, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋岳,柳滔,余俊爽. 基于PFC2D的砂岩直剪试验尺寸效应数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 水力发电:1-7[2024-12-05]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1845.TV.20240628.1435.002., articleTitle=基于PFC2D的砂岩直剪试验尺寸效应数值模拟研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848495022202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=20, authorNames=SONG Yue, LIU Tao, YU Junshuang, journalName=Water Power, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Yue, LIU Tao, YU Junshuang. Numerical simulation of size effect in sandstone direct shear test based on PFC2D[J/OL]. Water Power: 1-7[2024-12-05]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1845.TV.20240628.1435.002., articleTitle=Numerical simulation of size effect in sandstone direct shear test based on PFC2D, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848578908283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=21, authorNames=李涛, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李涛. 储层页岩剪断破坏的各向异性力学行为研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2021., articleTitle=储层页岩剪断破坏的各向异性力学行为研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848671182972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=22, authorNames=LI Tao, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Tao. Study on anisotropic mechanical behavior of reservoir shale in shear failure[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2021., articleTitle=Study on anisotropic mechanical behavior of reservoir shale in shear failure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848792817789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=47, issue=4, pageStart=822, pageEnd=829, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=23, authorNames=肖福坤, 侯志远, 何君, journalName=中国矿业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=肖福坤,侯志远,何君,等. 变角剪切下煤样力学特征及声发射特性[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2018, 47 (4): 822-829., articleTitle=变角剪切下煤样力学特征及声发射特性, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848893481086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=47, issue=4, pageStart=822, pageEnd=829, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=24, authorNames=XIAO Fukun, HOU Zhiyuan, HE Jun, journalName=Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIAO Fukun, HOU Zhiyuan, HE Jun, et al. Mechanical characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples under variable angle shear [J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2018, 47 (4): 822-829., articleTitle=Mechanical characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples under variable angle shear, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164848985755775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=2438, pageEnd=2450, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=25, authorNames=衡帅, 李贤忠, 刘晓, journalName=岩石力学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=衡帅,李贤忠,刘晓,等. 直剪条件下页岩裂缝扩展演化机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2019, 38 (12): 2438-2450., articleTitle=直剪条件下页岩裂缝扩展演化机制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849048670336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=2438, pageEnd=2450, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=26, authorNames=HENG Shuai, LI Xianzhong, LIU Xiao, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HENG Shuai, LI Xianzhong, LIU Xiao, et al. Study on the propagation mechanisms of shale fracturesunder direct shear conditions [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38 (12): 2438-2450., articleTitle=Study on the propagation mechanisms of shale fracturesunder direct shear conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849124167809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=15, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=凡奥奇, 王万禄, 李树建, journalName=金属矿山, refType=null, unstructuredReference=凡奥奇,王万禄,李树建,等. 变角剪切作用下磷块岩力学响应机制及力学参数确定[J/OL]. 金属矿山:1-15[2024-12-07]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/34.1055.td.20240909.1029.002., articleTitle=变角剪切作用下磷块岩力学响应机制及力学参数确定, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849212248194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=15, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=28, authorNames=FAN Aoqi, WANG Wanlu, LI Shujian, journalName=Metal Mine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FAN Aoqi, WANG Wanlu, LI Shujian, et al. Mechanical response mechanism and determination of mechanical parameters of phosphorite under variable angle shear action [J/OL]. Metal Mine: 1-15[2024-12-07]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/34.1055.td.20240909.1029.002., articleTitle=Mechanical response mechanism and determination of mechanical parameters of phosphorite under variable angle shear action, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849291939971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=685, pageEnd=689, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=马旭东, 于军, 王飞, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马旭东,于军,王飞. 不同法向应力作用下岩石剪切性能试验研究[C]//2022年工业建筑学术交流会论文集. 北京:工业建筑,2022: 685-689., articleTitle=不同法向应力作用下岩石剪切性能试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849371631748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=685, pageEnd=689, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=30, authorNames=MA Xudong, YU Jun, WANG Fei, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MA Xudong, YU Jun, WANG Fei. Experimental study on shear behavior of rock under uniform distribution normal stress [C]//Proceedings of 2022 Industrial Architecture Symposium. Beijing: Industrial Construction, 2022: 685-689., articleTitle=Experimental study on shear behavior of rock under uniform distribution normal stress, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849447129221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=11, pageStart=21, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=31, authorNames=覃子秀, 黄日仙, 黄修贤, journalName=工程勘察, refType=null, unstructuredReference=覃子秀,黄日仙,黄修贤,等. 不同结构面贯通度花岗岩剪切破坏的微震演化特征[J]. 工程勘察,2024, 52 (11): 21-28., articleTitle=不同结构面贯通度花岗岩剪切破坏的微震演化特征, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164849518432390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=52, issue=11, pageStart=21, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=32, authorNames=QIN Zixiu, HUANG Rixian, HUANG Xiuxian, journalName=Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QIN Zixiu, HUANG Rixian, HUANG Xiuxian, et al. Microseismic evolution characteristics of shear failure in granite with different structural plane connectivity [J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2024, 52 (11): 21-28., articleTitle=Microseismic evolution characteristics of shear failure in granite with different structural plane connectivity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853037453447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=40, issue=4, pageStart=1358, pageEnd=1367, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=33, authorNames=李晓照, 戚承志, 邵珠山, journalName=岩土力学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李晓照,戚承志,邵珠山,等. 基于细观力学脆性岩石剪切特性演化模型研究[J]. 岩土力学,2019, 40 (4): 1358-1367., articleTitle=基于细观力学脆性岩石剪切特性演化模型研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853196837000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=40, issue=4, pageStart=1358, pageEnd=1367, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=34, authorNames=LI Xiaozhao, QI Chengzhi, SHAO Zhushan, journalName=Rock and Soil Mechanics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Xiaozhao, QI Chengzhi, SHAO Zhushan, et al. Micromechanics-based model study of shear properties of brittle rocks [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40 (4): 1358-1367., articleTitle=Micromechanics-based model study of shear properties of brittle rocks, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853310083209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=35, authorNames=王煜曦, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王煜曦. 岩石断裂表面细观接触演化与剪切力学模型研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2016., articleTitle=岩石断裂表面细观接触演化与剪切力学模型研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853461078154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=36, authorNames=WANG Yuxi, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Yuxi. Study on micro-contact evolution and shear mechanics model of fractured rock surfaces [D]. Beijing: University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2016., articleTitle=Study on micro-contact evolution and shear mechanics model of fractured rock surfaces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853544964235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=34, issue=1, pageStart=31, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=37, authorNames=程立朝, 许江, 冯丹, journalName=岩石力学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=程立朝,许江,冯丹,等. 岩石剪切破坏裂纹演化特征量化分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2015, 34 (1): 31-39., articleTitle=岩石剪切破坏裂纹演化特征量化分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853633044620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=34, issue=1, pageStart=31, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=38, authorNames=CHENG Lichao, XU Jiang, FENG Dan, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHENG Lichao, XU Jiang, FENG Dan, et al. Quantitative analysis on development of surface cracks of rock upon shear failure [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2015, 34 (1): 31-39., articleTitle=Quantitative analysis on development of surface cracks of rock upon shear failure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853695959181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=655, pageEnd=664, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=39, authorNames=程立朝, 许江, 冯丹, journalName=岩土力学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=程立朝,许江,冯丹,等. 岩石剪切细观开裂演化与贯通机制分析[J]. 岩土力学,2016, 37 (3): 655-664., articleTitle=岩石剪切细观开裂演化与贯通机制分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853771456654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=655, pageEnd=664, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=40, authorNames=CHENG Lichao, XU Jiang, FENG Dan, journalName=Rock and Soil Mechanics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHENG Lichao, XU Jiang, FENG Dan, et al. Analysis of mesoscopic cracking propagation and coalescence mechanisms of rocks subject to shearing[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016, 37 (3): 655-664., articleTitle=Analysis of mesoscopic cracking propagation and coalescence mechanisms of rocks subject to shearing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853834371215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=22, issue=4, pageStart=655, pageEnd=666, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=41, authorNames=李守定, 李晓, 郭静芸, journalName=工程地质学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李守定,李晓,郭静芸,等. 岩石拉伸剪切破裂试验研究[J]. 工程地质学报,2014, 22 (4): 655-666., articleTitle=岩石拉伸剪切破裂试验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853905674384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=22, issue=4, pageStart=655, pageEnd=666, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=42, authorNames=LI Shouding, LI Xiao, GUO Jingyun, journalName=Journal of Engineering Geology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Shouding, LI Xiao, GUO Jingyun, et al. Experimental study on tensile shear fracture of rock [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2014, 22 (4): 655-666., articleTitle=Experimental study on tensile shear fracture of rock, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164853972783249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=43, authorNames=全大国, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=全大国. 岩石压剪力学试验及损伤–断裂演化机理研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2022., articleTitle=岩石压剪力学试验及损伤–断裂演化机理研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854052475026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=44, authorNames=QUAN Daguo, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QUAN Daguo. Study on rock compression-shear mechanics test and damage-fracture evolution mechanism [D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2022., articleTitle=Study on rock compression-shear mechanics test and damage-fracture evolution mechanism, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854140555411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=45, authorNames=江郑, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=江郑. 层状粗糙节理岩体剪切特性及锚固机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2023., articleTitle=层状粗糙节理岩体剪切特性及锚固机理研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854207664276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=46, authorNames=JIANG Zheng, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIANG Zheng. Study on shear characteristics and anchorage mechanism of layered rough jointed rock mass[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2023., articleTitle=Study on shear characteristics and anchorage mechanism of layered rough jointed rock mass, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854274773141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=29, issue=1, pageStart=103, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=47, authorNames=陶可友, journalName=地质灾害与环境保护, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陶可友. 岩石剪切破坏裂纹扩展模拟及声发射能量监控[J]. 地质灾害与环境保护,2018, 29 (1): 103-107., articleTitle=岩石剪切破坏裂纹扩展模拟及声发射能量监控, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854358659222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=29, issue=1, pageStart=103, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=48, authorNames=TAO Keyou, journalName=Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAO Keyou. Rock shear failure propagation simulation and acoustic emission energy monitoring[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation, 2018, 29 (1): 103-107., articleTitle=Rock shear failure propagation simulation and acoustic emission energy monitoring, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854417379479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=49, authorNames=赵瑞天, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵瑞天. 剪切作用下层状页岩雁列状裂缝的产生机制研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2022., articleTitle=剪切作用下层状页岩雁列状裂缝的产生机制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322164854513848472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=50, authorNames=ZHAO Ruitian, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Ruitian. Study on the initiation mechanism of en-echelon fractures in laminated shale subjected to shearing [D]. Jiaozuo: Henan Polytechnic University, 2022., articleTitle=Study on the initiation mechanism of en-echelon fractures in laminated shale subjected to shearing, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322164844753703010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, awardId=52274078; 52174175, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(52274078; 52174175), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322164844837589091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, awardId=241111321000, language=CN, fundingSource=河南省重点研发专项项目(241111321000), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322164844921475172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, awardId=J2022-6, language=CN, fundingSource=河南理工大学杰出青年基金项目(J2022-6), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322164831210295313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831218683922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831210295313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831227072531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831210295313, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322164837673717818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Loading equipment for shale compression-shear fracture test, figureFileSmall=UVehHxNY7aIQqeGZzcINfg==, figureFileBig=cO0gug9ruxxbjl/6nZS/QQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164837782769723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图1, caption=页岩压–剪断裂试验加载装置, figureFileSmall=UVehHxNY7aIQqeGZzcINfg==, figureFileBig=cO0gug9ruxxbjl/6nZS/QQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164839674400828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Shale model and its mineral composition, figureFileSmall=R9RyK5AJZ0IMNLiLnB9h4w==, figureFileBig=72x938jyum36bNIFFnZBUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164839846367293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图2, caption=页岩模型及其矿物成分, figureFileSmall=R9RyK5AJZ0IMNLiLnB9h4w==, figureFileBig=72x938jyum36bNIFFnZBUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164839959613502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Numerical calculation model of shale compression-shear under different bedding angles, figureFileSmall=Ko+sruwraeVJozjxHrjrNA==, figureFileBig=ftMe9/l9LGNxVZpAQLNOyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840106414143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同层理角度下页岩压–剪数值计算模型, figureFileSmall=Ko+sruwraeVJozjxHrjrNA==, figureFileBig=ftMe9/l9LGNxVZpAQLNOyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840232243264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Comparison of partial test load-shear displacement curves with PFC simulation curves, figureFileSmall=3iYv9rl8OfIgJWIA0QA0rQ==, figureFileBig=bLpudoRX9tqn8daqV94t0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840299352129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图4, caption=部分试验荷载–剪切位移曲线与PFC模拟曲线的对比, figureFileSmall=3iYv9rl8OfIgJWIA0QA0rQ==, figureFileBig=bLpudoRX9tqn8daqV94t0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840370655298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Fracture morphology comparison of laboratory test and PFC2D simulation of shale, figureFileSmall=FeWj/4IT/w3GXean4i80NA==, figureFileBig=KU6GR8lVGEs3DAbooz9sNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840433569859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图5, caption=页岩室内试验与PFC2D模拟的破裂形态对比, figureFileSmall=FeWj/4IT/w3GXean4i80NA==, figureFileBig=KU6GR8lVGEs3DAbooz9sNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840521650244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Variation curves of load and acoustic emission events of shale with shear displacement, figureFileSmall=D4tLYjT4KczqYKhRJBvfxA==, figureFileBig=4N4mX5JgUEFRS/vKjypjKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840609730629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图6, caption=页岩荷载和声发射事件随剪切位移的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=D4tLYjT4KczqYKhRJBvfxA==, figureFileBig=4N4mX5JgUEFRS/vKjypjKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840702005318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=The number of cracks of A–D point and its proportion, figureFileSmall=9oQzjNaN8ungRU5wy60Uww==, figureFileBig=WtCz9nfEA4ZAnZqvSQuQcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840769114183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图7, caption=A~D点裂纹数及其占比, figureFileSmall=9oQzjNaN8ungRU5wy60Uww==, figureFileBig=WtCz9nfEA4ZAnZqvSQuQcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840836223048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=The evolution of deformation and fracture characteristics in different fracture stages, figureFileSmall=vHprFTAGmiss9SqvXAW50A==, figureFileBig=31PAr3K3JXEn89dV2uqAHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164840915914825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同断裂阶段变形与破裂特征演化, figureFileSmall=vHprFTAGmiss9SqvXAW50A==, figureFileBig=31PAr3K3JXEn89dV2uqAHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841008189514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=The number and proportion of microcracks in the process of shale compression-shear fracture under different bedding angles, figureFileSmall=1bnHlxGj8MQ26KauwTHlgw==, figureFileBig=vp60mKkDa1fD204HokSlAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841092075595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图9, caption=不同层理角度下页岩压–剪断裂过程中微裂纹数及其占比, figureFileSmall=1bnHlxGj8MQ26KauwTHlgw==, figureFileBig=vp60mKkDa1fD204HokSlAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841175961676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Crack propagation law of shale when bedding angle is 0°, figureFileSmall=vpG9GGmobGaKDPFc39SDvA==, figureFileBig=ikvu/PPG3IL3Yonki7BrVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841251459149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图10, caption=层理角度为0°时页岩裂纹扩展规律, figureFileSmall=vpG9GGmobGaKDPFc39SDvA==, figureFileBig=ikvu/PPG3IL3Yonki7BrVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841377288270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Crack propagation law of shale when bedding angle is 30°, figureFileSmall=jEmUfwjWyW+gMybKveSYSQ==, figureFileBig=PEU6pUHEnKvmSYlJUAOUqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841461174351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图11, caption=层理角度为30°时页岩裂纹扩展规律, figureFileSmall=jEmUfwjWyW+gMybKveSYSQ==, figureFileBig=PEU6pUHEnKvmSYlJUAOUqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841540866128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Crack propagation law of shale when bedding angle is 90°, figureFileSmall=UB3s8FIfEJoZslLnsYl78g==, figureFileBig=k6JbR+DaARKHp/UkdbCIBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841616363601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图12, caption=层理角度为90°时页岩裂纹扩展规律, figureFileSmall=UB3s8FIfEJoZslLnsYl78g==, figureFileBig=k6JbR+DaARKHp/UkdbCIBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841729609810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Crack propagation law of shale when bedding angle is 120°, figureFileSmall=PxwcGPLX12jYhCG0d1Xotw==, figureFileBig=slH6/Sw7lJu8o5J+2C6cfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841826078803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图13, caption=层理角度为120°时页岩裂纹扩展规律, figureFileSmall=PxwcGPLX12jYhCG0d1Xotw==, figureFileBig=slH6/Sw7lJu8o5J+2C6cfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164841935130708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Comparison of fracture morphology obtained by laboratory test and PFC2D simulation, figureFileSmall=hlgGQNJdItlXSr1ibhSX1w==, figureFileBig=gSI0ib9fLq5yB7m63nUbcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164842031599701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图14, caption=室内试验与PFC2D模拟得到的破裂形态对比, figureFileSmall=hlgGQNJdItlXSr1ibhSX1w==, figureFileBig=gSI0ib9fLq5yB7m63nUbcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164842098708566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Compression-shear fracture model of shale with different degree of bedding development, figureFileSmall=HGtp3H3Onin+iiwEMc+Cgw==, figureFileBig=l5Jwpwl3Hc2FIe3N9F2d7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164842157428823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图15, caption=不同层理发育程度页岩的压–剪断裂模型, figureFileSmall=HGtp3H3Onin+iiwEMc+Cgw==, figureFileBig=l5Jwpwl3Hc2FIe3N9F2d7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164842220343384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=Crack propagation morphology of shale with different degree of bedding development, figureFileSmall=FGI8oMvQ1/roNYHfP4T9iQ==, figureFileBig=yk7pWTLScAktAPJYke0mUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164843868704857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图16, caption=不同层理发育程度页岩的裂纹扩展形态, figureFileSmall=FGI8oMvQ1/roNYHfP4T9iQ==, figureFileBig=yk7pWTLScAktAPJYke0mUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164843940008026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=Crack propagation morphology of shale with different bedding strength, figureFileSmall=IEL52SieFNE9uiQO93ZHPw==, figureFileBig=Ce4HwP149wcRZOHSo6Lgew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164844028088411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=图17, caption=不同层理强度页岩的裂纹扩展形态, figureFileSmall=IEL52SieFNE9uiQO93ZHPw==, figureFileBig=Ce4HwP149wcRZOHSo6Lgew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322164844099391580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mineral composition of shale model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
矿物组成名称占比/%密度/(g/cm3)颗粒半径/mm
钠长石14.382.620.250
方解石4.182.800.120
方石英3.452.640.280
白云母5.923.000.110
伊利石3.462.700.100
其他有机物10.611.200.350
石英53.412.650.300
黄铁矿4.595.100.075
), ArticleFig(id=1322164844275552349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

页岩模型的矿物组成

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
矿物组成名称占比/%密度/(g/cm3)颗粒半径/mm
钠长石14.382.620.250
方解石4.182.800.120
方石英3.452.640.280
白云母5.923.000.110
伊利石3.462.700.100
其他有机物10.611.200.350
石英53.412.650.300
黄铁矿4.595.100.075
), ArticleFig(id=1322164844363632734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Microscopic parameters of particle flow numerical calculation model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
最小颗粒半径Rmin/mm最大颗粒半径Rmax/mm线性接触模型有效模量E*/GPa刚度比K*摩擦因数颗粒密度ρ/(g/cm3)平行黏结模型有效模量E*/MPa
0.0750.350.81.00.51.2~5.180
阻尼比K*孔隙率P平行黏结模型抗拉强度σt/MPa平行黏结模型黏聚力c/MPa层理抗拉强度/MPa层理黏聚力c*/MPa内摩擦角φ/(°)
0.50.28833.540
), ArticleFig(id=1322164844455907423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

颗粒流数值计算模型的微观参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
最小颗粒半径Rmin/mm最大颗粒半径Rmax/mm线性接触模型有效模量E*/GPa刚度比K*摩擦因数颗粒密度ρ/(g/cm3)平行黏结模型有效模量E*/MPa
0.0750.350.81.00.51.2~5.180
阻尼比K*孔隙率P平行黏结模型抗拉强度σt/MPa平行黏结模型黏聚力c/MPa层理抗拉强度/MPa层理黏聚力c*/MPa内摩擦角φ/(°)
0.50.28833.540
), ArticleFig(id=1322164844552376416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Main parameters of compression-shear test of shale

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层理角度/(°)破坏荷载/kN正应力/MPa剪应力/MPa剪切倾角/(°)
0257.6435.0396.8770
30303.1141.22114.34
45274.4737.32103.19
60274.4837.23103.20
90309.0439.51116.20
120344.7546.88129.63
135373.4450.78140.41
150348.5747.22131.06
), ArticleFig(id=1322164844632068193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

页岩压–剪试验主要参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层理角度/(°)破坏荷载/kN正应力/MPa剪应力/MPa剪切倾角/(°)
0257.6435.0396.8770
30303.1141.22114.34
45274.4737.32103.19
60274.4837.23103.20
90309.0439.51116.20
120344.7546.88129.63
135373.4450.78140.41
150348.5747.22131.06
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1225396331729022976, delFlag=0, nameCn=矿业研究与开发, nameEn=Mining Research and Development, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1005-2763, eissn=null, cn=43-1215/TD, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BLic9JllTIKtYRYod5zIVQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Mining Research and Development, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770086852251, updatedTime=1784018193958, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=K, firstLetterEn=K, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BLic9JllTIKtYRYod5zIVQ==, picEn=Bqi6ei4JhI5hinJcqiOo2A==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1283828614093321209, language=CN, name=矿业研究与开发, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784018193982, updatedTime=1784018193982, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.chinamine.org.cn/kyyjykf/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.chinamine.org.cn/kyyjykf/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.chinamine.org.cn/kyyjykf/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1283828614143652858, language=EN, name=Mining Research and Development, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1784018193994, updatedTime=1784018193994, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.chinamine.org.cn/kyyjykfen/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.chinamine.org.cn/kyyjykfen/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.chinamine.org.cn/kyyjykfen/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1225396423026438145, websiteList=[Website(id=1225409554104627231, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1225396423026438145, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770090004708, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770090031995, updateBy=18614031015, name=矿业研究与开发-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=矿业研究与开发, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1228001470277153440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770707965678, updateTime=1770707965678, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470256181917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770707965673, updateTime=1770707965673, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470293930659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707965682, updateTime=1770707965682, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470251987612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/file/pic?fileId=++etCLRiS7F8czudkkUdPA==, createTime=1770707965672, updateTime=1770707965672, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470302319269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707965684, updateTime=1770707965684, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470268764831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770707965676, updateTime=1770707965676, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470298124964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707965683, updateTime=1770707965683, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470264570526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770707965675, updateTime=1770707965675, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470281347745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770707965679, updateTime=1770707965679, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001470285542050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554104627231, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770707965680, updateTime=1770707965680, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1225409554180124705, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1225396423026438145, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770090004726, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770090069284, updateBy=18614031015, name=矿业研究与开发英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Mining Research and Development, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1225410562574696778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770090245145, updateTime=1770090245145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562553725255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770090245140, updateTime=1770090245140, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562612445517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770090245154, updateTime=1770090245154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562536948038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/EN/file/pic?fileId=++etCLRiS7F8czudkkUdPA==, createTime=1770090245136, updateTime=1770090245136, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562629222735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770090245158, updateTime=1770090245158, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562566308169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770090245143, updateTime=1770090245143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562620834126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770090245156, updateTime=1770090245156, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562562113864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770090245142, updateTime=1770090245142, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562583085387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770090245147, updateTime=1770090245147, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225410562604056908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225409554180124705, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770090245152, updateTime=1770090245152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Mining Research and Development, journalPhotoCn=BLic9JllTIKtYRYod5zIVQ==, journalPhotoEn=Bqi6ei4JhI5hinJcqiOo2A==, journalFirstLetter=K, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/Y2025/V45/I12/195, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/EN/Y2025/V45/I12/195, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/PDF/Y2025/V45/I12/195, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/EN/PDF/Y2025/V45/I12/195, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1766592000000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
压–剪作用下页岩雁列状断裂的微细观机制研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
冯笑颜 1 , 衡帅 1, 2 , 曹端伟 1 , 刘鸿宇 1 , 王琛星 1
矿业研究与开发 | 矿山安全与环保 2025,45(12): 195-207
收起
收藏切换
矿业研究与开发 |矿山安全与环保 2025 , 45 (12) : 195 -207
压–剪作用下页岩雁列状断裂的微细观机制研究
全屏
[Author(id=1322164831294181397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=fxy18737131737@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831373873175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831294181397, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoyan FENG, firstName=Xiaoyan, middleName=null, lastName=FENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831440982040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831294181397, language=CN, stringName=冯笑颜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio={"content":"

冯笑颜(2000—),男,河南荥阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

冯笑颜(2000—),男,河南荥阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164831558422554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=shheng@yeah.net, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831659085853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831558422554, language=EN, stringName=Shuai HENG, firstName=Shuai, middleName=null, lastName=HENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164831751360542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831558422554, language=CN, stringName=衡帅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003
2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322164831210295313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831218683922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831210295313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831227072531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831210295313, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164831919132704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832049156130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831919132704, language=EN, stringName=Duanwei CAO, firstName=Duanwei, middleName=null, lastName=CAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832204345379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164831919132704, language=CN, stringName=曹端伟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164832342757413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832468586535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832342757413, language=EN, stringName=Hongyu LIU, firstName=Hongyu, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832581832744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832342757413, language=CN, stringName=刘鸿宇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])]), Author(id=1322164832665718826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832812519468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832665718826, language=EN, stringName=Chenxing WANG, firstName=Chenxing, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322164832892211245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, authorId=1322164832665718826, language=CN, stringName=王琛星, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322164831118020622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831126409231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322164831134797840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322164823769601000, companyId=1322164831118020622, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003)])])]
冯笑颜1 , 衡帅1, 2 , 曹端伟1, 刘鸿宇1, 王琛星1
作者信息
  • 1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003
  • 2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003
通讯作者:
衡帅(1985—),男,河南洛阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究工作。E-mail:
作者简介:

冯笑颜(2000—),男,河南荥阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究。E-mail:

Study on the Microscopic Mechanism of En-Echelon Fracture in Shale Under Compression-Shear Loading
Xiaoyan FENG1 , Shuai HENG1, 2 , Duanwei CAO1, Hongyu LIU1, Chenxing WANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
  • 2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
出版时间: 2025-12-25
文章导航
收藏切换

为探讨剪切滑移对页岩多张拉裂纹的沟通连接作用,在室内压–剪试验的基础上,通过PFC2D从微细观角度对不同层理角度页岩的断裂过程进行了研究,分析了雁列状裂缝的萌生、扩展与沟通连接特征,以及其层理方向效应,探讨了各主控因素对雁列状断裂的影响规律。结果表明:页岩压–剪断裂过程中,首先在剪切面附近萌生斜交剪切面的雁列状张拉裂缝,当雁列状裂缝的扩展逐渐减慢甚至受阻后,自剪切面两端萌生的剪切裂纹迅速扩展并贯穿雁列状裂缝,形成宏观剪切破裂带;压–剪过程中形成的雁列状裂缝的形态呈现出明显的层理方向效应,层理角度为0°的页岩沿层理剪切,未形成雁列状裂缝,层理角度为30°、45°、60°和90°的页岩形成了均斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,而层理角度为120°、135°和150°的页岩形成了沿层理或斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,且雁列状裂缝的尺度呈现出各向异性特征;压–剪断裂过程中形成的雁列状裂缝主要为张拉裂纹,而雁列状裂缝主要靠剪切裂纹沟通连接形成剪切破裂带;层理数目对雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的影响不明显,而随着层理胶结强度的提高,雁列状裂缝尺度呈现出一定的减弱趋势,剪切破裂带的宽度和尺寸明显减少。

压–剪作用  /  页岩  /  雁列状断裂  /  层理方向效应  /  微细观机制

In order to explore the effect of shear slip on the communication and connection of multiple tensile cracks in shale, based on the indoor compression-shear test, the fracture process of shale with different bedding angles was studied by PFC2D from the microscopic point of view. The characteristics of initiation, propagation, communication and connection of en-echelon fracture, as well as the effect of bedding direction, were analyzed, and the influence of each main control factor on en-echelon fracture was discussed. The results show that in the compression-shear fracture process of shale, the en-echelon tensile fracture of the oblique shear plane first initiate near the shear plane. When the expansion of the en-echelon fracture gradually slows down or even is blocked, the shear cracks initiated from both ends of the shear plane rapidly expand and penetrate the en-echelon fracture, forming a macroscopic shear fracture zone. The morphology of en-echelon fracture formed in the process of compression-shear shows obvious bedding direction effect. The shale with bedding angle of 0° is sheared along the bedding, and no en-echelon fracture are formed. The shale with bedding angle of 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° forms en-echelon fracture with uniform oblique bedding, while the shale with bedding angle of 120°, 135° and 150° forms en-echelon fracture along bedding or oblique bedding, and the scale of en-echelon fracture shows anisotropic characteristics. The en-echelon fracture formed in the process of compression-shear fracture are mainly tensile cracks, and the en-echelon fracture are mainly connected by shear cracks to form shear fracture zones. The number of bedding has no obvious effect on the shape and scale of en-echelon fracture propagation. With the increase of bedding cementation strength, the scale of en-echelon fracture shows a certain weakening trend, and the width and size of shear fracture zone are obviously reduced.

Compression-shear effect  /  Shale  /  En-echelon fracture  /  Effect of bedding direction  /  Microcosmic mechanism
冯笑颜, 衡帅, 曹端伟, 刘鸿宇, 王琛星. 压–剪作用下页岩雁列状断裂的微细观机制研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (12) : 195 -207 .
Xiaoyan FENG, Shuai HENG, Duanwei CAO, Hongyu LIU, Chenxing WANG. Study on the Microscopic Mechanism of En-Echelon Fracture in Shale Under Compression-Shear Loading[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (12) : 195 -207 .
我国页岩气资源储量丰富,开采潜力巨大。作为清洁能源,页岩气不仅能有效减少温室气体排放,还是实现能源多样化,在我国能源结构中发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而,由于页岩极低的孔隙率和渗透率,大多数情况下储层必须依赖压裂改造形成复杂裂缝网络才能实现经济性开采。研究表明,在页岩压裂过程中,复杂裂缝网络的形成通常伴随着张拉、剪切和滑移等复杂力学行为,这主要是由水力裂缝与层理或天然裂缝之间发生了张拉、剪切及张–剪复合断裂所致[1-8]。而页岩剪切过程中形成的雁列状断裂是剪切滑移沟通多张拉裂缝或层理的结果[9-11],因此,深入研究压–剪作用下页岩裂缝的起裂、扩展与沟通连接特征及其层理方向效应,对进一步探讨雁列状裂缝的形成机理及多张拉裂缝的剪切作用等具有重要的指导意义。
相关学者通过直剪试验[12-13]和变角剪切试验,研究了岩石在压–剪作用下的力学特性、破裂过程和破坏模式,并取得了诸多成果。肖福坤等[14]通过变角剪切试验研究了煤岩的破裂过程,揭示了剪切角度诱发煤样破裂的力学机制,发现剪切角度与正应力、剪应力、峰值荷载和刚度之间存在负相关关系。衡帅等[15]通过直剪试验研究了不同法向应力、不同层理方位页岩剪切裂缝的扩展演化机制。凡奥奇等[16]研究了剪切角度对磷岩块力学特性和破坏模式的影响机制,指出剪切角度较小时,岩石发生拉剪混合破坏,整体破碎;而当剪切角度较大时,则仅发生剪切破坏,破坏面较平整。马旭东等[17]通过直剪试验分析了法向应力对剪切变形、抗剪强度以及残余强度的影响,揭示了均匀法向应力条件下岩石的剪断形式,并指出法向应力与抗剪强度之间的线性关系具有普遍性。覃子秀等[18]为探究不同结构面贯通度对花岗岩剪切破坏的微震演化特征,进行了真三轴加载下的直剪试验,发现结构面贯通度的增加显著改变了花岗岩的力学性质,并降低了抗剪强度。李晓照等[19]基于裂纹扩展机制,提出了岩石的应力–应变本构模型,研究了岩石内部裂纹扩展与剪切特性(如黏结力、内摩擦角及剪应力)的动态演化关系,探讨了初始裂纹间摩擦系数对剪切特性随裂纹扩展或应变演化规律的影响。王煜曦等[20]从细观层面探讨了断裂岩体粗糙表面接触状态与抗剪强度的关系,揭示了剪切过程中岩石粗糙表面凹凸体磨损、表面微孔洞及微裂纹的生长发育趋势,以及表面接触损伤演化等微观破坏机理与宏观力学特征之间的关系。程立朝等[21-22]对砂岩剪切过程中表面裂纹演化特征进行了量化,分析了砂岩剪切破坏表面裂纹演化模式,并建立了表面裂纹量化参数与应力之间的联系。
部分学者通过数值模拟研究了岩石的剪切破裂过程。李守定等[23]采用颗粒流离散元法模拟了岩石的拉剪破裂过程,研究了拉剪–压剪全区破裂准则及剪切速率对拉剪破裂强度的影响。全大国等[24]利用PFC3D建立了不同应力水平下的砂岩压剪数值模型,分析了砂岩压剪裂纹的细观演化特征。江郑[25]通过直剪试验和颗粒流模拟探究了层状岩体的宏观剪切特性和细观损伤演化特征,并采用离散元模拟揭示了层状岩体剪切过程中的滑移能及应变能演化规律、雁列状裂纹时空演化及力链接触组构的分布特征,为层状岩体剪切延性损伤特性、宏观破坏模式、裂纹走向及分布提供了细观解释。陶可友[26]运用RFPA2D软件模拟了岩石剪切破坏时的裂纹扩展特征,发现岩石剪切破坏的尺寸效应显著,剪切速率影响较小,且岩石剪切裂纹是由大量细小张裂隙发育演变而来,对破坏模式起主导作用。
综上可知,现有研究较少关注压–剪作用下岩石裂纹的细微观演化过程,尤其是对压–剪作用岩石雁列状裂纹萌生、扩展与沟通连接的微细观机制的研究较少。对此,本文以渝东龙马溪页岩为研究对象,在不同层理角度页岩压–剪断裂试验的基础上,通过PFC2D颗粒流从微细观角度对页岩压–剪断裂时的裂纹起裂、扩展与沟通连接过程进行了研究,并探究了受力状态、层理方位和层理性质等对雁列状裂缝扩展形态、尺度和演化特征的影响,揭示了剪切滑移对多张拉裂缝和层理的作用机理。
页岩试样取自重庆市石柱县下志留统龙马溪组页岩的一露头,其主要矿物成分是以石英为主的脆性矿物和以伊利石为主的黏土矿物。选取完整性较好的页岩块,加工成尺寸为50 mm×50 mm×50 mm的正方形试件,且尽可能在一大块岩块上加工出所需的全部试件。这不仅能减小试样间的差异,还能保证层理强度相对一致。在试验前,对试样进行纵波波速测试,剔除波速异常的试样,以确保试样的一致性,从而提高试验结果的准确性。
共制备了8种不同层理角度的页岩试样,试验加载装置如图1所示。层理顺时针方向与剪切方向间的角度α定义为层理角度,剪切面与水平方向的夹角β定义为剪切倾角,设置层理角度分别为0°、30°、45°、60°、90°、120°、135°和150°。
页岩压–剪断裂试验通过压–剪试验模具在RMT-301岩石力学试验机上进行。首先,将压–剪试验模具固定在试验机承压板上,并调整好剪切倾角;随后,根据试验方案将试样安装到试验模具中,并调整至最佳位置;最后,按46°、54°、62°、70°的剪切倾角(即夹角β)依次进行试验。采用位移控制模式加载压缩荷载,加载速率为0.002 mm/s。考虑到页岩具有较高的抗剪强度,选用量程为500 kN的力传感器测定轴向压缩荷载。试验过程中,同步启动加载系统和声发射监测系统,直到试样完全断裂时停止。为保证测试结果的可靠性,每个层理角度在每个剪切倾角下均测试3个试样,以防止试样非均质性带来的误差。
数值模拟采用离散元颗粒流方法。颗粒流PFC2D数值模拟软件在模拟岩石类材料的结构特征及力学特性方面已被广泛应用。本模型采用平行黏结模型,其接触黏结可视为弹簧。当接触处发生相对运动时,会产生并传递力和力矩,当应力超过黏结强度时,平行黏结断裂,该部分的黏结、力、力矩和刚度全部消失,破坏后的平行黏结接触模型退化为线性模型。因此,采用平行黏结模型设置颗粒的接触参数可以较好地反映岩石微裂隙的演化与宏观破裂模式。
根据试验采用的页岩试样,建立尺寸为50 mm×50 mm的二维压–剪力学模型(见图2)。颗粒根据页岩的矿物组成进行分组,赋予其不同的密度和粒径,使用离散型裂隙网络(Discrete Fracture Network,DFN)增加滑裂面的设置,以模拟页岩层理。该数值模型共有19 578个颗粒和31 641个接触面,最小颗粒半径为0.075 mm,最大颗粒半径为0.35 mm。页岩模型矿物组成见表1,与实际试验结果[27]基本一致。不同层理角度下页岩压–剪加载的数值模型如图3所示,其中绿色实线表示层理(颜色标识见电子版),黑色实线表示剪切面,N表示压力,Q表示剪切力,F表示荷载。为了与实际试验保持一致,设置与实际试验相同的摩擦因数f,则压力、剪切力与荷载间的关系为N =F (cosβ + fsinβ),Q=F(sinβ-fcosβ)。
PFC2D通过赋予颗粒间接触参数来表征模拟矿物成分的力学参数,整个数值模拟过程包括5个步骤,依次为颗粒生成、参数赋予、伺服稳定、参数标定和加载试验。对边界施加应力边界伺服,既可以有效释放颗粒间的应变能,也能均匀分布颗粒孔隙度。在伺服加载过程中,还能实时监测墙体的应力,以确保系统最终达到平衡。使用Fish语言自动记录应力、应变、微裂纹数目等信息,同时实时监测应变能和耗散能的演化规律。
根据试验得到的荷载–位移曲线,对模型进行参数标定。当模型的剪切强度、剪切模量及宏观破裂模式与试验值接近时,模型构建完成。
在平行黏结模型中,平行黏结在拉压过程中均起作用,但其变形模量不同;而线性接触只在受拉时起作用,其刚度比影响弹性变形时的泊松比,法向和切向黏结力则控制试样的破裂模式。因此,标定时首先将线性接触的有效模量设为较小值,逐渐增大平行黏结的有效模量,并将其他参数设为较高值。根据应力–应变曲线多次调整,最终得到校准的微观参数,见表2。剪切倾角为70°的参数标定曲线如图4所示,模拟曲线与试验曲线符合度较好。为便于更直观地体现数值计算结果,文中均将计算模型的剪切面调整至水平状态。
室内试验和数值模拟得到的页岩压–剪破裂形态如图5所示,其中蓝色部分表示颗粒,红色部分表示压–剪过程中形成的裂纹(颜色标识见电子版)。由图5可知,α=0°试样数值模拟得到的破裂面为层理,与试验结果完全一致;α=30°试样模拟时在剪切面附近形成了斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,且能观察到一定程度的层理开裂,剪切破裂带近似呈棱镜状,这与该方位页岩的试验结果基本一致。由此可知,数值模拟结果与试验结果基本一致,建立的数值计算模型可准确获得不同层理方位页岩压–剪断裂时的裂缝扩展形态。
由于室内试验时β=46°的试验结果并不理想,数值计算时仅对其余3个剪切倾角的试验进行模拟。将试验分为3组,每组试验剪切倾角保持不变,剪切倾角分别为54°、62°和70°,每组中试样层理角度分别为0°、30°、45°、60°、90°、120°、135°、150°。受篇幅限制,本文仅以剪切倾角为70°的数值模型为例进行分析,表3为页岩压–剪试验的主要参数。
在相同试验条件下,层理角度为120°、135°、150°时,峰值剪应力较大,超过了120 MPa,而层理角度为0°、45°、60°时,剪应力相对较小,约100 MPa,表明层理角度0°、45°、60°页岩更易发生剪切破裂,而层理角度为120°、135°、150°的页岩相对稳定。
为了更直观地分析压–剪过程中页岩内部的损伤及裂纹数目变化,对断裂过程中产生的声发射事件信息和荷载–位移曲线进行分析。在PFC2D计算中,颗粒间每个接触的断裂都会释放能量并产生裂纹,产生声发射信号,故通过声发射信息可分析颗粒间黏结的断裂特征。不同层理角度页岩压–剪断裂的声发射特征曲线基本类似,为便于分析,以剪切倾角β=70°、层理角度α=30°为例进行分析。图6为荷载和声发射事件数随剪切位移的变化曲线,图7和图8为裂纹数、裂纹占比变化及裂纹破坏模式(红色裂纹表示张拉裂纹,蓝色裂纹表示剪切裂纹,颜色标识见电子版)。
荷载–位移曲线大致可分为4个阶段:压密阶段、弹性阶段、塑性阶段和峰后阶段。由于PFC2D模型在构建时进行了整体伺服,消除了内部不平衡力的影响,颗粒间的接触已非常紧密,故压密阶段不明显,这与试验结果存在一定差异。
在加载初期,试样处于弹性变形阶段;当荷载增加至塑性阶段时,试样开始破裂,荷载增加速率减小;当荷载达到峰值后,破裂进一步发展,曲线开始下降,而当荷载下降到一定程度后,曲线变得相对平缓,进入残余强度阶段。因此,在压–剪破裂过程中,页岩表现出明显的脆性破裂特征。
由图6至图8可知,在OA段,试样处于弹性变形阶段,荷载迅速增加,荷载–剪切位移曲线斜率近似呈直线,声发射事件数较少,仅有少量微裂纹产生,且微裂纹主要在层理面形成。到达A点时,曲线出现转折,斜率减小,试样发生起裂,但此时裂纹数仍较少,主要以张拉裂纹为主,几乎没有剪切裂纹。此时,试样整体上较完整,没有宏观破裂,位移矢量分布较均匀。
在AB段,曲线斜率有一定程度下降,试样进入塑性变形阶段,声发射事件数迅速增加,且呈加速趋势,裂纹呈现出明显的稳定扩展特征。在AB段中部,裂纹数突然激增,在剪切面两端开始萌生斜交层理的雁列状张拉裂纹,且有部分层理开裂,导致剪切面附近位移方向变化剧烈且复杂。在AB段后期,荷载曲线斜率进一步降低,但声发射事件数仍在迅速增加,这表明雁列状张拉裂纹继续扩展,且有加速趋势,虽然仍主要为张拉破裂,但在剪切面附近已出现了沟通雁列状张拉裂纹的剪切破裂。
在BC段,荷载开始下降,裂纹加速扩展,裂纹数继续增加,声发射事件数达到峰值并保持在较高水平,虽然此时张拉和剪切裂纹数均不断增加,但张拉裂纹增加速度更快,仍以张拉裂纹为主。表明此阶段雁列状裂纹继续发展,但萌生位置多在剪切面中央附近,且连接相邻雁列状裂缝的层理缝扩展明显。
进入CD段后,荷载逐渐降低至稳定值,声发射事件数明显减少,裂纹数虽然仍在增加,但增加速率开始减小,试样进入残余摩擦阶段,此时位移矢量重新均匀分布,变化趋于平缓,部分接触已经完全断裂,部分碎块已脱落,形成透镜状宏观剪切破裂带,且可观察到剪切破裂带内有明显的雁列状断裂。
图9展示了不同层理角度页岩压–剪断裂过程中微裂纹数、张拉裂纹和剪切裂纹数及其占比的统计结果。
从图9可知,层理角度0°页岩裂纹数最少,明显低于其他层理角度,这是因为该方位页岩主要沿层理发生剪切破裂。层理角度45°、60°和90°页岩的裂纹数接近,约为1 500~2 000条,而层理角度120°、135°和150°页岩的裂纹数量较高,均在2 000~2 500条之间,这表明层理方位对裂纹数的影响显著。随着层理角度增大,张拉裂纹的占比分别为85.32%、80.26%、77.66%、82.47%、78.94%、79.55%、79.47%和81.81%;剪切裂纹的占比分别为14.68%、19.74%、22.34%、17.53%、21.06%、20.45%、20.55%和18.19%。层理角度从0°增加到45°时,张拉裂纹的占比不断降低,而剪切裂纹的占比则相应增加;层理角度为60°时,张拉裂纹的占比升高,剪切裂纹的占比减小。相比于60°,层理角度为90°时,张拉裂纹的占比再次减小,剪切裂纹的占比增大。这主要是由压–剪断裂时形成的雁列状裂缝与层理的相对方位决定的。在层理角度为90°~150°时,张拉裂纹和剪切裂纹的占比基本保持稳定,趋于平衡。
为了从细微观层面观察裂纹的萌生与扩展演化规律,以及层理方位对其产生的影响,采用PFC2D中的fish语言获得加载过程中的裂纹图和接触力链图,间隔时间为3×104个时间步。取其中具有代表性的0°、30°、90°、120°层理方位进行具体分析,图10至图13展示了在剪切倾角为70°时,页岩的裂纹演化及剪切裂纹变化情况。其中,蓝色代表张拉裂纹,绿色代表剪切裂纹(颜色标识见电子版)。
由图10可知,在裂纹萌生初期,仅在剪切面所在层理的两端出现了少量裂纹;随后,剪切面两侧的层理也产生了一定数量的裂纹,但其裂纹数量远少于剪切面处。随着剪切的进行,裂纹由剪切面两端向中心扩展,由于剪切方向与层理平行,裂纹基本上只在层理处形成,直至试样被完全剪断。破裂裂纹以张拉裂纹为主,剪切裂纹相对较少,这表明沿层理的压–剪破裂主要是由剪切力诱导的张拉破裂,同时伴随有剪切破裂,破裂模式相对简单,破裂面较为平整。
由图11可知,在加载初期,页岩不仅在剪切面两端产生了大量斜交剪切面微裂纹,还在剪切面两侧的层理处产生了少许裂纹。随着剪切过程推进,这两个区域的裂纹数明显增加,且剪切面两端的裂纹增加速度更快。在剪切面附近逐渐形成了多条相互平行的雁列状裂缝,靠近剪切面两端的尺度更大、更明显。在雁列状裂缝向试样内部扩展的过程中,受应力状态影响,裂缝扩展速度逐渐减缓,甚至停止。此时,剪切面两端沿剪切面萌生了剪切裂纹,这些裂纹的扩展速度极快,迅速贯穿雁列状裂缝并形成宏观剪切破裂带,该破裂带呈透镜状。根据受力分析可知,形成的雁列状裂缝大致沿最小主应力方向发展,且该最小主应力始终为拉应力[27],由此可判定该雁列状裂缝为张拉裂纹。由于最大主应力接近垂直于层理,尽管沿层理也出现了一些局部微破裂,但难以形成宏观破裂,这使得层理角度为30°的页岩最终形成了斜交层理的雁列状裂纹。随着剪切过程持续进行,试样中部形成了多条平行的断裂带,这表明在压–剪过程中,优先形成了斜交剪切面的雁列状裂缝,且这些裂缝依次从剪切面两端向中部发展。
由图12可知,层理角度为90°的页岩在压–剪断裂过程中,形成了尺度相对较小的雁列状裂缝,剪切破裂带也较窄,但该角度页岩仍出现了明显的层理开裂现象。沿层理的裂纹主要为张拉裂纹,但仍存在一定数量的剪切裂纹。这可能是因为最大主应力和最小主应力均与层理成45°角,在层理上同时产生了张拉和滑动作用。此外,该角度页岩的宏观剪切破裂带呈透镜状,尺度略小。
由图13可知,在压–剪断裂过程中,最小主应力接近垂直于层理,导致层理受到较强的张拉作用,张拉裂纹首先从剪切面附近的层理开始起裂,并沿层理继续扩展。当沿层理的雁列状裂缝的扩展受到阻碍后,剪切面两端萌生的剪切裂纹贯穿开裂的层理,形成透镜状的宏观剪切破裂带。虽然沿层理主要发生张拉破裂,但也观察到了部分沿层理的剪切破裂,这可能是由于沿开裂层理发生了剪切滑移,从而导致剪切裂纹的比例增加。
上述研究结果表明,在页岩压–剪断裂过程中,首先会在剪切面两端产生与剪切面成一定夹角的雁列状裂缝,在雁列状裂缝沿最大主应力方向扩展的过程中,受力状态的改变导致其扩展速度逐渐减慢,甚至停止,此时,自剪切面两端萌生的剪切裂纹迅速向剪切面中部扩展,直至贯穿雁列状裂缝,形成宏观剪切破裂带。总体来看,不同层理角度的页岩在压–剪断裂时均会形成雁列状裂缝,该雁列状裂缝可能沿层理或贯穿层理,表现出明显的尺度差异和层理方向效应。由于雁列状裂缝的产生,压–剪断裂后通常形成具有一定宽度的剪切破裂带,该剪切破裂带大多呈透镜状,且其尺度与层理方位密切相关,表现出明显的层理方向效应。
图14给出了不同层理角度页岩的室内压–剪断裂试验和PFC2D模拟得到的破裂形态图。对比后发现,层理角度为0°的页岩破裂面均为层理面;层理角度为30°的页岩均形成了大范围的剪切破裂带,几乎遍及整个试样,且均观察到了尺度较大的雁列状裂缝;层理角度为90°的页岩虽然均形成了雁列状裂缝,但室内试验时的尺度更大,雁列状裂缝更多、更明显,这可能与试样的非均质性有关;层理角度为120°的页岩均形成了雁列状裂缝,且尺度基本一致。总体上,数值模拟结果与试验结果基本一致,可用该微细观模型对页岩压–剪断裂时的破裂机制和控制规律等进行深入分析。
压–剪作用下,影响页岩雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的主要因素有应力状态、脆性、层理方位、层理的发育程度和胶结强度等。在变角剪切条件下,应力状态主要由剪切模具的剪切倾角决定,主要影响压–剪断裂过程中剪切力的相对大小,剪切倾角越大,剪切力分量越大,越容易发生剪切断裂,从而形成雁列状裂缝。龙马溪页岩较强的脆性使其在压–剪断裂过程中极易形成雁列状裂缝,这已被大量的室内试验和数值模拟结果所证实(见图5)。层理方位对雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的影响也已在室内试验和数值模拟结果中详细讨论,且其影响规律可通过室内试验深入探究。然而,页岩层理的发育程度和胶结强度对雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的影响规律极难通过室内试验准确获取,只能通过系统的数值计算对其进行研究。
在计算页岩压–剪断裂雁列状裂缝扩展形态的过程中,为保证控制因素的单一性,在研究层理发育程度对雁列状断裂的影响时,仅考虑层理数目的变化。本节以层理角度α=45°页岩在剪切角度β=70°时的压–剪断裂为例,分析层理发育程度对雁列状断裂的影响(见图15),不同层理发育程度页岩的压–剪断裂模型中的层理数目分别设置为0、3、6和9。
图16为不同层理发育程度页岩的裂纹扩展形态图。从图16中可以看出,不同层理发育程度页岩在压–剪断裂过程中均形成了雁列状裂缝,虽然雁列状裂缝的形态存在一定差异,但其尺度基本一致。这表明层理数对雁列状裂缝形态和尺度的影响不明显,与以往研究结论可能有一定差异,其主要原因是在分析层理发育程度时仅考虑了层理数目的变化,而没有考虑层理胶结强度的联动影响。一般情况下,层理发育程度的较大差异不仅会引起层理数目的变化,还会引起层理胶结强度的变化。但目前对这一现象的研究相对匮乏,很难形成统一的认识。因此,在分析过程中仅考虑层理数目的变化。
此外,随着层理数目的增加,页岩压–剪断裂过程中沿层理萌生的微裂纹数呈现出明显的增加趋势,但相对有限,这可能与数值计算时设置的页岩胶结强度较大有关。无层理页岩压–剪断裂时仍形成雁列状裂缝,这表明雁列状断裂的产生与层理数无直接关系,其形成可能与岩石脆性、矿物颗粒大小和矿物组成等关系更密切。尽管如此,层理方位仍是影响雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的一个重要因素。
除层理发育情况之外,层理胶结强度也是影响雁列状断裂形态的一个重要因素。为研究层理胶结强度对雁列状断裂的影响,将压–剪断裂模型中的层理强度依次设置为5,10,20,30,40 MPa。以α=45°的页岩在β=70°时的压–剪断裂为例进行分析,得到不同层理强度页岩的裂纹扩展形态,如图17所示。
由图17可知,不同层理胶结强度页岩压–剪断裂时均形成了雁列状裂缝,但雁列状裂缝的尺度随层理胶结强度的提高呈现出一定的减弱趋势。结合无层理页岩压–剪断裂时也形成了雁列状裂缝可知,层理不是页岩压–剪断裂形成雁列状裂缝的必需条件,仅会在一定程度上增加雁列状断裂的尺度,且这种增加效果表现出明显的层理方向效应,即沿一定方位的层理才能增加雁列状断裂的尺度。此外,随着层理胶结强度的提高,压–剪断裂过程中层理的开裂程度明显减弱,这是因为层理胶结强度的提高导致层理开裂更难。同时,不同层理胶结强度的页岩在压–剪断裂后形成了棱镜状的剪切破裂带,但该剪切破裂带的宽度和尺寸明显减小,这是因为层理开裂和沿层理滑动的行为被逐渐抑制。
综上可知,页岩压–剪断裂时,较弱的层理胶结强度更易导致层理开裂或沿层理滑动,形成了较宽的剪切破裂带和较明显的雁列状裂缝,而较强的层理胶结强度抑制了层理开裂和沿层理滑移,形成的剪切破裂带较窄且雁列状裂缝尺度较弱。因此,层理胶结强度是影响页岩压–剪断裂时雁列状断裂形态的重要因素。
本文在不同层理方位页岩压–剪断裂试验的基础上,通过PFC2D颗粒流方法,从微细观角度研究了页岩压–剪断裂时雁列状裂缝的萌生、扩展及沟通连接过程,并分析了其层理方向效应,探讨了雁列状断裂的主控因素和控制规律。得到以下主要结论。
(1)在页岩压–剪断裂过程中,首先在剪切面两端产生与剪切面成一定夹角的雁列状裂缝,在雁列状裂缝沿最大主应力方向扩展的过程中,受力状态的改变导致其扩展速度逐渐减慢,甚至停止。此时,自剪切面两端萌生的剪切裂纹迅速向剪切面中部扩展,直至贯穿雁列状裂缝,形成宏观剪切破裂带。
(2)页岩压–剪断裂形成的雁列状裂缝和剪切破裂带形态受层理方位控制,表现出明显的层理方向效应。层理角度为0°的页岩其剪切面均为层理,未形成雁列状裂缝;层理角度为30°、45°和60°的页岩形成了斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,层理受压缩作用,开裂不明显;层理角度为90°、120°、135°和150°的页岩形成了沿层理或斜交层理的雁列状裂缝,层理受张拉作用,开裂较明显。
(3)在页岩压–剪断裂过程中,张拉裂纹数远大于剪切裂纹,几乎占总裂纹数的80%,这表明雁列状裂缝起裂与扩展、层理开裂和剪切裂纹贯穿雁列状裂缝的过程中,主要发生了张拉破裂。
(4)应力状态、层理方位、层理发育程度和胶结强度是影响雁列状裂缝形态的主控因素。层理数目对雁列状裂缝扩展形态和尺度的影响不明显,这可能是由于未考虑层理数目和胶结强度间的耦合作用所致。层理并不是页岩压–剪断裂时形成雁列状裂缝的必需条件,页岩雁列状裂缝的形成可能与较强的脆性和较小的矿物颗粒有关。层理胶结强度对雁列状裂缝有一定影响,随着层理胶结强度的提高,雁列状裂缝的尺度呈现出一定的减弱趋势,而剪切破裂带的宽度和尺寸却明显减小。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52274078; 52174175)
  • 河南省重点研发专项项目(241111321000)
  • 河南理工大学杰出青年基金项目(J2022-6)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
侯梦如. 基于矿物界面效应的页岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律研究[D].辽宁:辽宁工程技术大学,2022.
HOU Mengru. Research on fracture propagation law of shale hydraulic fracturing based on mineral interface effect [D]. Liaoning: Liaoning Technical University, 2022.
[2]
赵万志. 煤层气特征及形成条件综述[J]. 科技信息,2013 (11): 421+430.
ZHAO Wanzhi. Summarization of CBM characteristics and formation conditions[J]. Science & technology information, 2013 (11): 421+430.
[3]
王兴华. 黔北岑巩区块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层裂缝表征与控气作用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2020.
WANG Xinghua. Fractures characterization and controlling effect on shale gas of lower Cambrian Niutitang Shale in Cen'gong block, Northeastern Guizhou Province [D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences Beijing, 2020.
[4]
贾云倩. 四川盆地龙马溪组页岩储层微观结构分异特征及其主控机制[D].荆州:长江大学,2023.
JIA Yunqian. Microstructure differentiation characteristics and main controlling mechanism of shale reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin[D]. Jingzhou: Yangtze University, 2023.
[5]
朱利锋,翁剑桥,吕文雅. 四川长宁地区页岩储层天然裂缝发育特征及研究意义[J]. 地质调查与研究,2016, 39 (2): 104-110.
ZHU Lifeng, WENG Jianqiao, LYU Wenya. The significance and characteristics of natural fractures of the shale in Changning area, Sichuan province [J]. Geological Survey and Research, 2016, 39 (2): 104-110.
[6]
阴丽诗. 渝东地区海相页岩储集能力影响因素及评价[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2018.
YIN Lishi. Controlling factors and evaluation of marine shale reservoircapacity in the east of Chongqing[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 2018.
[7]
何启越. 渝东南地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩裂缝特征研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2018.
HE Qiyue. Study on fracture characteristics of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in southeastern Chongqing [D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2018.
[8]
张艺凡. 中国南方典型地区海相页岩储层孔隙特征与渗透性研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2020.
ZHANG Yifan. Study on pore structure and permeability characteristics of marine shale in typical areas of south China [D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 2020.
[9]
FRASH L P, CAREY J W, ICKES T, et al. Caprock integrity susceptibility to permeable fracture creation [J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2017, 64: 60-72.
[10]
CAREY J W, LEI Z, ROUGIER E, et al. Fracture-permeability behavior of shale[J]. Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources, 2015, 11: 27-43.
[11]
FRASH L P, CAREY J W, WELCH N J. Scalable en echelon shear-fracture aperture-roughness mechanism: theory, validation, and implications [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2019, 124 (1): 957-977.
[12]
宋岳,柳滔,余俊爽. 基于PFC2D的砂岩直剪试验尺寸效应数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 水力发电:1-7[2024-12-05]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1845.TV.20240628.1435.002.
SONG Yue, LIU Tao, YU Junshuang. Numerical simulation of size effect in sandstone direct shear test based on PFC2D[J/OL]. Water Power: 1-7[2024-12-05]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1845.TV.20240628.1435.002.
[13]
李涛. 储层页岩剪断破坏的各向异性力学行为研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2021.
LI Tao. Study on anisotropic mechanical behavior of reservoir shale in shear failure[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2021.
[14]
肖福坤,侯志远,何君,等. 变角剪切下煤样力学特征及声发射特性[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2018, 47 (4): 822-829.
XIAO Fukun, HOU Zhiyuan, HE Jun, et al. Mechanical characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples under variable angle shear [J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2018, 47 (4): 822-829.
[15]
衡帅,李贤忠,刘晓,等. 直剪条件下页岩裂缝扩展演化机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2019, 38 (12): 2438-2450.
HENG Shuai, LI Xianzhong, LIU Xiao, et al. Study on the propagation mechanisms of shale fracturesunder direct shear conditions [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38 (12): 2438-2450.
[16]
凡奥奇,王万禄,李树建,等. 变角剪切作用下磷块岩力学响应机制及力学参数确定[J/OL]. 金属矿山:1-15[2024-12-07]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/34.1055.td.20240909.1029.002.
FAN Aoqi, WANG Wanlu, LI Shujian, et al. Mechanical response mechanism and determination of mechanical parameters of phosphorite under variable angle shear action [J/OL]. Metal Mine: 1-15[2024-12-07]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/34.1055.td.20240909.1029.002.
[17]
马旭东,于军,王飞. 不同法向应力作用下岩石剪切性能试验研究[C]//2022年工业建筑学术交流会论文集. 北京:工业建筑,2022: 685-689.
MA Xudong, YU Jun, WANG Fei. Experimental study on shear behavior of rock under uniform distribution normal stress [C]//Proceedings of 2022 Industrial Architecture Symposium. Beijing: Industrial Construction, 2022: 685-689.
[18]
覃子秀,黄日仙,黄修贤,等. 不同结构面贯通度花岗岩剪切破坏的微震演化特征[J]. 工程勘察,2024, 52 (11): 21-28.
QIN Zixiu, HUANG Rixian, HUANG Xiuxian, et al. Microseismic evolution characteristics of shear failure in granite with different structural plane connectivity [J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2024, 52 (11): 21-28.
[19]
李晓照,戚承志,邵珠山,等. 基于细观力学脆性岩石剪切特性演化模型研究[J]. 岩土力学,2019, 40 (4): 1358-1367.
LI Xiaozhao, QI Chengzhi, SHAO Zhushan, et al. Micromechanics-based model study of shear properties of brittle rocks [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40 (4): 1358-1367.
[20]
王煜曦. 岩石断裂表面细观接触演化与剪切力学模型研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2016.
WANG Yuxi. Study on micro-contact evolution and shear mechanics model of fractured rock surfaces [D]. Beijing: University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2016.
[21]
程立朝,许江,冯丹,等. 岩石剪切破坏裂纹演化特征量化分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2015, 34 (1): 31-39.
CHENG Lichao, XU Jiang, FENG Dan, et al. Quantitative analysis on development of surface cracks of rock upon shear failure [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2015, 34 (1): 31-39.
[22]
程立朝,许江,冯丹,等. 岩石剪切细观开裂演化与贯通机制分析[J]. 岩土力学,2016, 37 (3): 655-664.
CHENG Lichao, XU Jiang, FENG Dan, et al. Analysis of mesoscopic cracking propagation and coalescence mechanisms of rocks subject to shearing[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016, 37 (3): 655-664.
[23]
李守定,李晓,郭静芸,等. 岩石拉伸剪切破裂试验研究[J]. 工程地质学报,2014, 22 (4): 655-666.
LI Shouding, LI Xiao, GUO Jingyun, et al. Experimental study on tensile shear fracture of rock [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2014, 22 (4): 655-666.
[24]
全大国. 岩石压剪力学试验及损伤–断裂演化机理研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2022.
QUAN Daguo. Study on rock compression-shear mechanics test and damage-fracture evolution mechanism [D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2022.
[25]
江郑. 层状粗糙节理岩体剪切特性及锚固机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2023.
JIANG Zheng. Study on shear characteristics and anchorage mechanism of layered rough jointed rock mass[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2023.
[26]
陶可友. 岩石剪切破坏裂纹扩展模拟及声发射能量监控[J]. 地质灾害与环境保护,2018, 29 (1): 103-107.
TAO Keyou. Rock shear failure propagation simulation and acoustic emission energy monitoring[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation, 2018, 29 (1): 103-107.
[27]
赵瑞天. 剪切作用下层状页岩雁列状裂缝的产生机制研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2022.
ZHAO Ruitian. Study on the initiation mechanism of en-echelon fractures in laminated shale subjected to shearing [D]. Jiaozuo: Henan Polytechnic University, 2022.
2025年第45卷第12期
PDF下载
28
14
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
  • 接收时间:2024-12-08
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2025-12-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-08
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52274078; 52174175)
河南省重点研发专项项目(241111321000)
河南理工大学杰出青年基金项目(J2022-6)
作者信息
    1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院,河南 焦作市 454003
    2.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作市 454003

通讯作者:

衡帅(1985—),男,河南洛阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事低渗透岩石水力压裂和岩石力学等方面的研究工作。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/1322164823769601000
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏