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Article(id=1322162047597527699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322161751467078485, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725552000000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793157596730, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793157596730, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793157596730, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793157596730, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322161751467078485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='314', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1758729600000', pubDateStr='2025-09-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793157526127, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793158877659, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322167420266074322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322161751467078485, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322167420266074323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322161751467078485, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=268, endPage=274, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322162047777882772, articleId=1322162047597527699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Application of Low-Temperature Fluorite Collector CK-1 in a Fluorite Mine in Chengde, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

When oleic acid is used as collector in winter production of a fluorite concentrator in Chengde, due to poor water solubility and dispersion of oleic acid, the collection capacity is insufficient and the low-temperature resistance is poor. It is necessary to heat the slurry to more than 20 ℃, resulting in high production cost and energy consumption. In order to solve these problems, a new type of low-temperature fluorite collector CK-1 was developed using oleic acid with different iodine values to sulfonate and compound-saponification-emulsification. After the application of collector CK-1, the recovery rate of fluorite concentrate increases by 0.77 percentage points compared with the original production index under the condition of normal temperature production in summer. In the case of slurry temperature of 12 ℃ in winter, the beneficiation index is similar to that of the original condition with slurry temperature of 25 ℃ in summer and oleic acid as collector, but the heating cost per ton of ore is reduced by 11.03 yuan, and the flotation without heating in winter is realized, and the economic benefit is remarkable. In the northern region of China, the annual heating cost of fluorite beneficiation in winter reaches tens of millions of yuan, so CK-1 has good application value in the northern region of China.

, authors=Shunyuan XIAO1, Zhongxu QI1, Zhiyong GAO2, Shihong XU2, authorsList=Shunyuan XIAO, Zhongxu QI, Zhiyong GAO, Shihong XU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322162050982331045, articleId=1322162047597527699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=低温萤石捕收剂CK-1的研发在承德某萤石矿的应用, columnId=1226462297560892399, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=选矿与资源综合利用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为解决承德某萤石选矿厂冬季生产采用油酸做捕收剂时，因油酸水溶性和分散性差等因素造成的捕收能力不足、耐低温性能差，需加温矿浆至20 ℃以上，导致生产成本及能耗较高的问题，通过使用高低不同碘值油酸磺化后复配—皂化—乳化等方式，研发了一种新型低温萤石捕收剂CK-1。应用捕收剂CK-1后，夏季常温生产条件下，较原有生产指标，萤石精矿的回收率提升了0.77个百分点，在冬季矿浆温度为12 ℃的情况下，获得了与原夏季矿浆温度为25 ℃、使用现场油酸作捕收剂的条件下相近的选矿指标，但降低了吨矿加温成本11.03元，实现了该选厂的冬季不加温浮选，经济效益显著。在我国北方地区每年冬季萤石选矿的加温费用达到数千万元，因此CK-1在我国北方地区具有良好的推广应用价值。

, authors=肖舜元1, 祁忠旭1, 高志勇2, 徐世红2, authorsList=肖舜元, 祁忠旭, 高志勇, 徐世红, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

肖舜元（1993—），男，湖南郴州人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺与选矿药剂研发工作。E-mail:

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肖舜元（1993—），男，湖南郴州人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺与选矿药剂研发工作。E-mail:

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肖舜元（1993—），男，湖南郴州人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺与选矿药剂研发工作。E-mail:

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Analysis results of fluorescence spectrum of ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SiO2CaOFMgOAl2O3Fe2O3
63.2817.5915.260.530.791.17
BaOSO3K2ONa2OMnOP2O5
0.260.270.130.090.120.01
), ArticleFig(id=1322162206238692202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

矿石的荧光光谱分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SiO2CaOFMgOAl2O3Fe2O3
63.2817.5915.260.530.791.17
BaOSO3K2ONa2OMnOP2O5
0.260.270.130.090.120.01
), ArticleFig(id=1322162206335161196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Analysis results of mineral content of ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
萤石方解石石英黄铁矿辉石闪石
21.673.9467.560.041.26
长石云母褐铁矿绿泥石其他
1.541.890.540.211.35
), ArticleFig(id=1322162206666511213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

矿石的矿物含量分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
萤石方解石石英黄铁矿辉石闪石
21.673.9467.560.041.26
长石云母褐铁矿绿泥石其他
1.541.890.540.211.35
), ArticleFig(id=1322162207064970094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of closed circuit test results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
捕收剂矿浆温度/℃产品产率/ %CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
CK-125萤石精矿18.6897.5684.12
尾矿81.324.2315.88
原矿100.0021.66100.00
现场油酸25萤石精矿18.9697.2483.55
尾矿81.044.4816.45
原矿100.0022.07100.00
CK-112萤石精矿19.0497.5883.85
尾矿80.964.4216.15
原矿100.0022.16100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322162207488594800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

闭路试验结果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
捕收剂矿浆温度/℃产品产率/ %CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
CK-125萤石精矿18.6897.5684.12
尾矿81.324.2315.88
原矿100.0021.66100.00
现场油酸25萤石精矿18.9697.2483.55
尾矿81.044.4816.45
原矿100.0022.07100.00
CK-112萤石精矿19.0497.5883.85
尾矿80.964.4216.15
原矿100.0022.16100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322162207933191025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of mineral processing indexes before and after the application of collector CK-1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
捕收剂产品CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
CK-1萤石精矿97.6885.03
尾矿4.2314.97
原矿22.68100.00
现场油酸萤石精矿97.5284.26
尾矿4.4815.74
原矿22.85100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322162208084185970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

捕收剂 CK-1 应用前后的选矿指标对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
捕收剂产品CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
CK-1萤石精矿97.6885.03
尾矿4.2314.97
原矿22.68100.00
现场油酸萤石精矿97.5284.26
尾矿4.4815.74
原矿22.85100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322162208444896115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Production indexes of mineral processing in winter after using collector CK-1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
萤石精矿97.2684.33
尾矿4.3915.67
原矿22.54100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322162208793023348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322162047597527699, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

应用捕收剂 CK-1 后的冬季选矿生产指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
产品CaF2品位/%CaF2回收率/%
萤石精矿97.2684.33
尾矿4.3915.67
原矿22.54100.00
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低温萤石捕收剂CK-1的研发在承德某萤石矿的应用
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肖舜元 1 , 祁忠旭 1 , 高志勇 2 , 徐世红 2
矿业研究与开发 | 选矿与资源综合利用 2025,45(9): 268-274
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矿业研究与开发 |选矿与资源综合利用 2025 , 45 (9) : 268 -274
低温萤石捕收剂CK-1的研发在承德某萤石矿的应用
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肖舜元1 , 祁忠旭1, 高志勇2, 徐世红2
作者信息
  • 1.长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司，湖南　长沙　410012
  • 2.中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，湖南　长沙　410083
作者简介:

肖舜元（1993—），男，湖南郴州人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺与选矿药剂研发工作。E-mail:

Application of Low-Temperature Fluorite Collector CK-1 in a Fluorite Mine in Chengde
Shunyuan XIAO1 , Zhongxu QI1, Zhiyong GAO2, Shihong XU2
Affiliations
  • 1.Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410012, China
  • 2.School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
出版时间: 2025-09-25
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摘要
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为解决承德某萤石选矿厂冬季生产采用油酸做捕收剂时，因油酸水溶性和分散性差等因素造成的捕收能力不足、耐低温性能差，需加温矿浆至20 ℃以上，导致生产成本及能耗较高的问题，通过使用高低不同碘值油酸磺化后复配—皂化—乳化等方式，研发了一种新型低温萤石捕收剂CK-1。应用捕收剂CK-1后，夏季常温生产条件下，较原有生产指标，萤石精矿的回收率提升了0.77个百分点，在冬季矿浆温度为12 ℃的情况下，获得了与原夏季矿浆温度为25 ℃、使用现场油酸作捕收剂的条件下相近的选矿指标，但降低了吨矿加温成本11.03元，实现了该选厂的冬季不加温浮选，经济效益显著。在我国北方地区每年冬季萤石选矿的加温费用达到数千万元，因此CK-1在我国北方地区具有良好的推广应用价值。

萤石  /  捕收剂  /  低温浮选  /  选矿指标  /  生产成本

When oleic acid is used as collector in winter production of a fluorite concentrator in Chengde, due to poor water solubility and dispersion of oleic acid, the collection capacity is insufficient and the low-temperature resistance is poor. It is necessary to heat the slurry to more than 20 ℃, resulting in high production cost and energy consumption. In order to solve these problems, a new type of low-temperature fluorite collector CK-1 was developed using oleic acid with different iodine values to sulfonate and compound-saponification-emulsification. After the application of collector CK-1, the recovery rate of fluorite concentrate increases by 0.77 percentage points compared with the original production index under the condition of normal temperature production in summer. In the case of slurry temperature of 12 ℃ in winter, the beneficiation index is similar to that of the original condition with slurry temperature of 25 ℃ in summer and oleic acid as collector, but the heating cost per ton of ore is reduced by 11.03 yuan, and the flotation without heating in winter is realized, and the economic benefit is remarkable. In the northern region of China, the annual heating cost of fluorite beneficiation in winter reaches tens of millions of yuan, so CK-1 has good application value in the northern region of China.

Fluorite  /  Collector  /  Low-temperature flotation  /  Beneficiation index  /  Production cost
肖舜元, 祁忠旭, 高志勇, 徐世红. 低温萤石捕收剂CK-1的研发在承德某萤石矿的应用. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (9) : 268 -274 .
Shunyuan XIAO, Zhongxu QI, Zhiyong GAO, Shihong XU. Application of Low-Temperature Fluorite Collector CK-1 in a Fluorite Mine in Chengde[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (9) : 268 -274 .
正文
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0　引言
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萤石是生产氟化物的主要原料，而氟被广泛应用于冶金、化工、建材、新能源、新材料、国防、航天航空等领域。我国是世界上萤石资源较为丰富的国家之一，但资源禀赋较差、中高品位资源逐渐被利用殆尽，低品位矿也在加速消耗，单一萤石迅速枯竭，开采伴生萤石矿越来越重要。而此类萤石矿的品位普遍偏低，原矿中萤石品位一般仅在18%~35%，因而萤石开采的难度正逐步加大[1-5]。当下氟化工的下游锂电池行业对六氟磷酸锂的需求正盛，而萤石几乎可以视作是氟化工中氟元素的唯一来源，因此对现有萤石矿的高效回收利用显得十分重要[6-11]。
长久以来，萤石的浮选过程大多以油酸为捕收剂，以纯碱为调整剂，以水玻璃为抑制剂，该浮选工艺在常温（25 ℃左右）条件下进行时，油酸的捕收性能可以满足浮选要求。但当环境温度低于20 ℃时，以油酸为捕收剂就出现较大的问题，例如存在因水溶性和分散性差等因素造成的捕收能力不足、药剂消耗量大、耐低温性能差和起泡性弱等缺点，尤其是在北方地区的冬季，温度较低，经磨矿后用于浮选的矿浆温度普遍低于12 ℃，只有将浮选矿浆加热到20 ℃左右，才会使浮选效果有所改观。然而加温作业必将消耗大量的能源，使浮选成本大幅提升，因此开发高效的低温萤石捕收剂十分重要。目前国内针对低温萤石捕收剂的理论研究已取得较大进展。呼振峰等[12]采用BK421萤石捕收剂，在矿浆平均温度为11 ℃的条件下，获得了CaF2品位为97.26%、回收率为82.53%的萤石精矿。尚保忠等[13]采用HY-F萤石捕收剂，在5 ℃的低温矿浆环境下，获得了CaF2品位为98.41%、回收率为87.87%的萤石精矿。陈浩等[14]采用耐低温性好的石油磺酸钠捕收剂(PSK-13)，在矿浆温度为5 ℃的条件下，获得了CaF2品位为98.57%、回收率为75.02%的FC-98级萤石精矿。上述的低温萤石捕收剂主要是针对脂肪酸进行改性，引入羧基、酯基、羟基等多种官能团，提高脂肪酸的增溶性和弥散性，避免了药剂的聚集凝结。
实际生产过程中，低温萤石捕收剂仍有较多的不足。普通皂化脂肪酸虽然溶解性及分散性相对较好，但存在泡沫过于丰富且稳定性较差的问题，在精选段容易跑槽，造成资源的浪费，最直观的表现就是造成回收率下降；以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸钠、十六烷基磺酸钠和脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠混合而成的复配捕收剂，其应用的浮选效果较好，但药剂价格极为昂贵，实际应用价值较低。因此有必要研发既能在低温条件下拥有强捕收能力和选择性，又能保证较高的萤石回收率，且原料成本低廉的高效低温萤石捕收剂。
1　矿石性质
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矿石的荧光光谱半定量分析、化学多元素分析结果分别见表1、表2。
由表1、表2可知，该矿石中可回收的矿物为萤石，CaF2品位为21.67%；矿石中主要脉石矿物为石英、方解石，含量分别为67.56%和3.94%。该矿石属于石英型萤石矿，方解石含量较低。
2　小型试验研究
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2.1　捕收剂CK-1的研发思路
（1）将高碘值的油酸与低碘值的油酸联合使用，充分利用不同种类油酸与萤石表面吸附位点的差异，提高萤石表面的油酸吸附量，以此提升捕收剂对萤石矿物的选择性，增强捕收效果。
（2）不同碘值油酸混合物的临界胶团浓度值比混合前各单一组分的临界胶团浓度值普遍低两个数量级，而临界胶团浓度值越低，也越有利于捕收剂产生大小和稳定性适中的气泡，从而有利于浮选过程的顺利进行。
（3）将所使用的高/低碘值的一类油酸先经磺化处理，再与未经磺化处理的另一类碘值的油酸充分混合，使捕收剂内引入了适量的强极性基团磺酸基，进一步增强药剂与萤石表面的吸附作用力，在进一步提升捕收剂表面活性的同时，又能在萤石颗粒表面形成良好的疏水性薄膜，提高矿物的可浮性，使捕收效果进一步增强。再将活化后的油酸及其衍生物的混合产物与碱溶液进行皂化反应，使油脂充分水解成对应的碱金属盐，再加入少量表面活性剂进行乳化，从而大幅提升捕收剂在低温条件下的水溶性和分散性，进而增强捕收剂在10~20 ℃的低温条件下的捕收能力，减少捕收剂的用量。
所用油酸主要为植物油酸、动物油酸，磺化处理所用试剂为浓硫酸、氯磺酸、亚硫酸盐等，表面活性剂主要为十二烷基磺酸盐，乳化剂为聚乙二醇月桂酸酯。上述原材料来源广泛，成本低廉，且性质稳定，具有明显的产业化优势。
2.2　捕收剂用量试验
在磨矿细度为－0.074 mm占比63%，碳酸钠用量为500 g/t的条件下，进行萤石粗选的捕收剂CK-1用量试验，试验流程见图1，试验结果见图2。
由图2可知，CK-1用量达到600g/t后，萤石粗精矿回收率增幅较缓，CaF2品位下降趋势较为显著。因此选定CK-1用量为600 g/t，此时萤石粗精矿CaF2品位为70.24%，回收率为84.69%。
2.3　矿浆温度试验
在不同矿浆温度下，采用选厂现场油酸和CK-1进行试验，固定磨矿细度为－0.074 mm占比63%，碳酸钠用量为500 g/t，试验流程见图1，试验结果见图3。经测量，在冬季最低气温时，该选厂的矿浆温度为12℃，因此试验中设定最低矿浆温度为12℃。
由图3可知，在矿浆温度低于20 ℃后，使用现场油酸进行粗选时，萤石回收率大幅降低，在矿浆温度为12 ℃时，粗选作业泡沫层稀薄，带矿量少，萤石粗精矿回收率仅为24.65%。在使用CK-1进行粗选时，随着矿浆温度的降低，萤石粗精矿回收率较为稳定，矿浆温度为12 ℃时，萤石粗精矿回收率为84.68%。
2.4　不同温度下捕收剂对矿物表面电性的影响
表面电性对矿物的可浮性有着直接的影响。在萤石浮选过程中，通过添加捕收剂，可使萤石矿物表面带负电，从而使矿物表面疏水性增强，可浮性增大。
在不同矿浆温度下，分别进行了CK-1与现场油酸对萤石表面电性的影响试验，选定pH为8，捕收剂CK-1和油酸的用量均为4 mg/L。试验结果如图4所示。
由图4可知，使用现场油酸作捕收剂时，随着矿浆温度的降低，萤石表面的动电位呈上升趋势。这表明随着矿浆温度的降低，油酸改变萤石表面电性的作用减弱，萤石疏水性减弱。使用CK-1作捕收剂时，随着矿浆温度的降低，萤石矿物表面的动电位未见显著变化，基本趋于稳定。这表明随着矿浆温度的降低，CK-1与萤石的作用效果未见减弱，展现出良好的低温稳定性。
2.5　碳酸钠用量试验
碳酸钠是萤石选矿的重要调整剂。在用CK-1作捕收剂的情况下，碳酸钠用量对选矿指标的影响的试验流程如图1所示，试验结果如图5所示。
由图5可知，随着碳酸钠用量的增加，萤石粗精矿的CaF2品位呈先升高后再降低的趋势，萤石回收率呈先升高后稳定的趋势。当碳酸钠用量为500 g/t时，可获得较优选矿指标，此时萤石粗精矿的CaF2品位为71.56%，回收率为85.24%。
2.6　精选酸化水玻璃用量试验
选用酸化水玻璃作为精选阶段的脉石抑制剂。通过试验考察了精选阶段酸化水玻璃用量对选矿指标的影响，同时验证CK-1的耐酸性。试验中固定磨矿细度为－0.074 mm占比63%，粗选碳酸钠用量为500 g/t，粗选CK-1用量为600 g/t。试验流程见图6，试验结果见图7。
由图7可知，随着精选阶段酸化水玻璃总用量的增加，萤石精矿的品位逐渐提高，而回收率呈下降趋势。当酸化水玻璃总用量达到1 500 g/t后，精矿品位趋于稳定，因此选定精选酸化水玻璃总用量为1 500 g/t，此时开路试验中萤石精矿的CaF2品位为97.34%，回收率为67.04%。同时试验结果表明，在精选阶段的酸性矿浆环境中，CK-1不易掉槽，具有良好的耐酸性能。
2.7　闭路试验
在条件试验的基础上，进行了全流程闭路试验。在矿浆温度分别为25 ℃和12 ℃的条件下，采用CK-1进行了试验。在常温（25 ℃）条件下，采用现场油酸进行了对比试验。试验流程见图8，对比试验结果见表3。
由表3可知，采用CK-1作为萤石捕收剂时，在矿浆温度为25 ℃的条件下，闭路试验可获得CaF2品位为97.56%、回收率为84.12%的萤石精矿；在矿浆温度为12 ℃的条件下，闭路试验可获得CaF2品位为97.58%、回收率为83.85%的萤石精矿，实现了低温矿浆条件下的有效回收，且精矿CaF2品位和回收率均高于矿浆温度为25 ℃的情况下使用现场油酸作捕收剂的选矿指标。
3　工业应用
收起
在闭路试验取得良好选矿指标的情况下，于夏季开展了工业应用。在工业试验初始，因药剂配制方式、药剂添加量、药剂使用方式未达到要求，加之现场工人对新药剂泡沫现象不熟悉，使得选矿指标存在一定的波动。经过几天调试后，工艺参数逐步达到要求，最终取得了较为理想的工艺指标。CK-1应用前后的选矿指标对比见表4。
采用CK-1替换现场油酸后，经过一个月的工业试验，获得了CaF2品位为97.68%、回收率为85.03%的萤石精矿，较原有生产指标，萤石精矿回收率提升了0.77个百分点。
在夏季常温生产中验证了捕收剂CK-1的实际使用效果后，在冬季生产中应用CK-1，并停用加温设备，CK-1冬季生产（矿浆温度12 ℃）的平均指标见表5。在冬季生产中，因停止使用加热措施，每处理1t原矿可节省加温费用11.03元。
应用低温萤石捕收剂CK-1后，冬季不加温生产时获得了CaF2品位为97.26%、回收率为84.33%的萤石精矿，实现了该选厂冬季不加温浮选，而生产指标与使用现场油酸的夏季浮选指标相近，节约加温费用，经济效益显著。我国北方地区（如河北、内蒙古、新疆、青海等地）萤石储量超过2500万t，冬季均采用矿浆加温浮选，每年加温费用数千万元，因此，CK-1在北方地区具有较大的推广应用前景。
4　结论
收起
（1）使用高低不同碘值油酸磺化后复配—皂化—乳化等方式，研发了CK-1低温萤石捕收剂。该捕收剂具有良好的耐低温性能，选择性好，捕收能力强，且所用原料来源广泛，成本低廉，性质稳定，无毒害，具有明显的产业化优势。
（2）采用CK-1作为萤石捕收剂进行了闭路试验。在矿浆温度为25 ℃的条件下，闭路试验获得了CaF2品位为97.56%、回收率为84.12%的萤石精矿。在矿浆温度为12 ℃的条件下，闭路试验获得了CaF2品位为97.58%、回收率为83.85%的萤石精矿，实现了低温矿浆条件下的萤石有效回收，且试验指标均高于矿浆温度为25 ℃情况下使用现场油酸的选矿指标。
（3）冬季不加温生产获得了CaF2品位为97.26%、回收率为84.33%的萤石精矿，与使用现场油酸作捕收剂时的夏季生产选矿指标相近，每处理1 t原矿可节约加温费用11.03元。研发的捕收剂CK-1在我国北方地区具有较大的推广应用前景。

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2025年第45卷第9期
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  • 接收时间：2024-09-06
  • 首发时间：2026-10-28
  • 出版时间：2025-09-25
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    1.长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司，湖南　长沙　410012
    2.中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，湖南　长沙　410083
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