Article(id=1322161952869172019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322161751467078485, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1727539200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793157574145, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1758729600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793157574145, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793157574145, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793157574145, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322161751467078485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='9', pageStart='1', pageEnd='314', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1758729600000', pubDateStr='2025-09-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793157526127, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793158877659, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322167420266074322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322161751467078485, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322167420266074323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322161751467078485, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=184, endPage=191, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322161953099858740, articleId=1322161952869172019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Research on Fault Diagnosis of Mining Excavator Engine Based on IWOA-LightGBM Model, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Aiming at the problem of low fault diagnosis accuracy caused by unbalanced fault categories of mining excavator engine, an intelligent fault diagnosis method of mining excavator engine based on improved whale optimization algorithm (WOA) to optimize light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) was proposed. Firstly, the recursive feature cross-validation elimination method (RFECV) was used to extract the features of the fault data of collected excavator engine, and the irrelevant features were deleted. Secondly, Focal-Loss was used to improve the loss function of LightGBM, and an improved WOA was proposed to optimize the hyperparameters of LightGBM, and a new diagnostic model was constructed. Finally, the engine fault data of a mine excavator was used for verification, and compared with common integrated models, tuning frameworks and diagnostic algorithms. The results show that the accuracy and F1 score of the proposed mining excavator engine fault diagnosis model IWOA-LightGBM are 98.08% and 98.53% respectively, and the diagnostic performance is good, which can provide reference for the intelligent diagnosis of mining machinery and equipment.
, authors=Qinghua GU
1, 2, 3, Shuyu BAI
1, 2, Dan WANG
1, 3, authorsList=Qinghua GU, Shuyu BAI, Dan WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuyu BAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322161962042114960, articleId=1322161952869172019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=基于IWOA-LightGBM模型的矿用挖掘机发动机故障诊断研究, columnId=1226462295946085268, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=矿山机电与矿业智能化, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
针对矿用挖掘机发动机故障类别不均衡,导致故障诊断精度不高的问题,提出了一种改进的鲸鱼算法(WOA)优化轻量级梯度提升机(LightGBM)的矿用挖掘机发动机智能故障诊断方法。首先,利用递归特征交叉验证消除法(RFECV)对采集的挖掘机发动机故障数据的特征进行提取,删除不相关的特征。其次,采用Focal-Loss改进LightGBM的损失函数,提出一种改进的WOA对LightGBM的超参数寻优,构建新的诊断模型。最后,利用某矿山挖掘机发动机故障数据进行验证,并与常见的集成模型、调优框架和诊断算法进行对比分析。结果表明:所提出的矿用挖掘机发动机故障诊断模型IWOA-LightGBM的准确率和F1分数分别为98.08%和98.53%,诊断性能较好,可为矿山机械设备的智能诊断提供参考。
, authors=顾清华
1, 2, 3, 白书宇
1, 2, 王丹
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2.西安市智慧工业感知、计算与决策重点实验室,陕西 西安 710055
3.西安建筑科技大学 资源工程学院,陕西 西安 710055, bio={"content":"
顾清华(1981—),男,山东诸城人,博士,教授,主要从事矿山智能科学与工程、故障诊断、智能优化算法研究工作。E-mail:qinghuagu@126.com
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顾清华(1981—),男,山东诸城人,博士,教授,主要从事矿山智能科学与工程、故障诊断、智能优化算法研究工作。E-mail:qinghuagu@126.com
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Feature selection process based on RFECV, figureFileSmall=107hW3tN44oief0Y9AXk+g==, figureFileBig=CbWbCIcrvyYx/cMXvnh8xQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161991888786054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
基于RFECV的特征筛选流程, figureFileSmall=107hW3tN44oief0Y9AXk+g==, figureFileBig=CbWbCIcrvyYx/cMXvnh8xQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161991985255047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
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γ对损失函数的影响, figureFileSmall=/VarVmm6qwA/n6h2a4JhLA==, figureFileBig=JykafzMEjaEOIWrJDYDKVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992119472777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Effect of α on the loss function, figureFileSmall=JSvsQp7INOql8f9T1EbwVQ==, figureFileBig=okAXwWt0sOe6PQig5sCoDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992199164554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
α对损失函数的影响, figureFileSmall=JSvsQp7INOql8f9T1EbwVQ==, figureFileBig=okAXwWt0sOe6PQig5sCoDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992274662027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Fault diagnosis process based on IWOA-LightGBM, figureFileSmall=NtF9aO/ju6C7/1+Vw0CE9A==, figureFileBig=1UDDuWcwP7EyXtXDtOHotg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992358548109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
基于IWOA-LightGBM的故障诊断流程, figureFileSmall=NtF9aO/ju6C7/1+Vw0CE9A==, figureFileBig=1UDDuWcwP7EyXtXDtOHotg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992434045583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Relationship between the number of features and accuracy, figureFileSmall=dOwIcWO1hkFqiKB5fom8DA==, figureFileBig=7FeyXeMj1novZl0oUnBsLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992505348752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
特征个数与准确率的关系, figureFileSmall=dOwIcWO1hkFqiKB5fom8DA==, figureFileBig=7FeyXeMj1novZl0oUnBsLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992572457617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Fault diagnosis results of IWOA-LightGBM, figureFileSmall=fqrwRO2uy2hSgKKAU+1Khg==, figureFileBig=PGzB0BQ1pcNhyzdvgupehA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992643760786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
IWOA-LightGBM故障诊断结果, figureFileSmall=fqrwRO2uy2hSgKKAU+1Khg==, figureFileBig=PGzB0BQ1pcNhyzdvgupehA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992731841171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Fault diagnosis results of IWOA-XGBoost, figureFileSmall=hpGW9eyb46hvcU00jCfLBg==, figureFileBig=BMSePVs9q1Nk82aYwEnNXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992794755732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
IWOA-XGBoost故障诊断结果, figureFileSmall=hpGW9eyb46hvcU00jCfLBg==, figureFileBig=BMSePVs9q1Nk82aYwEnNXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992870253205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Fault diagnosis results of IWOA-CatBoost, figureFileSmall=qmc5DzZoVQ+e978KClYelQ==, figureFileBig=AsIYG4Hp5PtIuRfix0vDvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161992937362070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
IWOA-CatBoost故障诊断结果, figureFileSmall=qmc5DzZoVQ+e978KClYelQ==, figureFileBig=AsIYG4Hp5PtIuRfix0vDvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161993021248152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Fault diagnosis results of IWOA-RF, figureFileSmall=AiXrGGhGMbzy1hymnugUpg==, figureFileBig=VPQPi1w3MGHaeY6KtICXOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161993109328537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
IWOA-RF故障诊断结果, figureFileSmall=AiXrGGhGMbzy1hymnugUpg==, figureFileBig=VPQPi1w3MGHaeY6KtICXOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322161993176437402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Hyperparameter information of LightGBM
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 超参数 | 寻优范围 | 说明 |
|---|
| 树深度 | [3,8] | 控制数的结构 |
| 学习率 | [0.01,0.3] | 提高准确性 |
| 树的个数 | [50,150] | 提高准确性 |
| 正则化因子 | [0,100] | 避免过拟合 |
| 特征提取比例 | [0.5,1] | 避免过拟合 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993256129179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
LightGBM超参数信息
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 超参数 | 寻优范围 | 说明 |
|---|
| 树深度 | [3,8] | 控制数的结构 |
| 学习率 | [0.01,0.3] | 提高准确性 |
| 树的个数 | [50,150] | 提高准确性 |
| 正则化因子 | [0,100] | 避免过拟合 |
| 特征提取比例 | [0.5,1] | 避免过拟合 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993348403868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Unbalanced fault data set
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 故障编号 | 故障类型 | 样本量/个 |
|---|
| 0 | 正常 | 37 |
| 1 | 高压油泵 | 30 |
| 2 | 进气管堵塞 | 47 |
| 3 | 增压器故障 | 23 |
| 4 | 空滤堵塞 | 37 |
| 5 | 中冷器故障 | 33 |
| 6 | 风扇故障 | 27 |
| 7 | 油门踏板 | 27 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993432289949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
不均衡故障数据集
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 故障编号 | 故障类型 | 样本量/个 |
|---|
| 0 | 正常 | 37 |
| 1 | 高压油泵 | 30 |
| 2 | 进气管堵塞 | 47 |
| 3 | 增压器故障 | 23 |
| 4 | 空滤堵塞 | 37 |
| 5 | 中冷器故障 | 33 |
| 6 | 风扇故障 | 27 |
| 7 | 油门踏板 | 27 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993503593118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Ranking of selected feature importance
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征序号 | 特征名称 | 特征重要性 |
|---|
| f1 | 发动机转速 | 0.03 |
| f2 | 喷油量设定值 | 0.04 |
| f3 | 当前喷油量 | 0.06 |
| f7 | 冷却液温度 | 0.10 |
| f8 | 机油压力 | 0.03 |
| f9 | 机油温度 | 0.08 |
| f11 | 进气压力 | 0.11 |
| f12 | 进气温度 | 0.18 |
| f14 | 轨压设定值 | 0.14 |
| f15 | 轨压峰值 | 0.16 |
| f18 | 扭矩负荷率 | 0.04 |
| f19 | 输出扭矩 | 0.03 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993574896287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
选取的特征重要度排序
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征序号 | 特征名称 | 特征重要性 |
|---|
| f1 | 发动机转速 | 0.03 |
| f2 | 喷油量设定值 | 0.04 |
| f3 | 当前喷油量 | 0.06 |
| f7 | 冷却液温度 | 0.10 |
| f8 | 机油压力 | 0.03 |
| f9 | 机油温度 | 0.08 |
| f11 | 进气压力 | 0.11 |
| f12 | 进气温度 | 0.18 |
| f14 | 轨压设定值 | 0.14 |
| f15 | 轨压峰值 | 0.16 |
| f18 | 扭矩负荷率 | 0.04 |
| f19 | 输出扭矩 | 0.03 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993658782368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Evaluation results of each index of different tree models
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评估指标 | IWOA-LightGBM | IWOA-XGBoost | IWOA-CatBoost | IWOA-RF |
|---|
| A | 98.07 | 94.23 | 90.38 | 84.61 |
| P | 98.61 | 93.85 | 91.65 | 87.29 |
| R | 98.61 | 94.99 | 92.48 | 87.92 |
| F1分数 | 98.52 | 93.94 | 91.62 | 86.29 |
| AUC | 99.57 | 99.07 | 99.00 | 98.20 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993742668449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
不同树模型各指标的评估结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评估指标 | IWOA-LightGBM | IWOA-XGBoost | IWOA-CatBoost | IWOA-RF |
|---|
| A | 98.07 | 94.23 | 90.38 | 84.61 |
| P | 98.61 | 93.85 | 91.65 | 87.29 |
| R | 98.61 | 94.99 | 92.48 | 87.92 |
| F1分数 | 98.52 | 93.94 | 91.62 | 86.29 |
| AUC | 99.57 | 99.07 | 99.00 | 98.20 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993818165922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Recognition accuracy of different models for various faults
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 故障编号 | IWOA-LightGBM | RD-LightGBM | TPE-LightGBM | SVM | BP |
|---|
| 0 | 100 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 |
| 1 | 100 | 86 | 100 | 86 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 82 |
| 5 | 90 | 80 | 90 | 80 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 88 |
| 7 | 90 | 86 | 86 | 75 | 100 |
| 平均准确率 | 97.5 | 90 | 93 | 89 | 95 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161993893663395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
不同模型对各故障的识别准确率
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 故障编号 | IWOA-LightGBM | RD-LightGBM | TPE-LightGBM | SVM | BP |
|---|
| 0 | 100 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 |
| 1 | 100 | 86 | 100 | 86 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 82 |
| 5 | 90 | 80 | 90 | 80 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 88 |
| 7 | 90 | 86 | 86 | 75 | 100 |
| 平均准确率 | 97.5 | 90 | 93 | 89 | 95 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161995135177380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
Diagnostic accuracy of different models
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 诊断模型 | A | P | F1分数 | R | AUC |
|---|
| IWOA-LightGBM | 98.08 | 98.61 | 98.53 | 98.61 | 99.57 |
| RD-LightGBM | 88.46 | 90.70 | 89.94 | 89.87 | 97.45 |
| TPE-LightGBM | 92.31 | 93.87 | 93.04 | 92.90 | 98.07 |
| SVM | 86.54 | 89.31 | 88.29 | 88.53 | 98.06 |
| BP | 92.31 | 93.87 | 93.83 | 94.60 | 98.50 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322161995248423589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161952869172019, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
不同模型的诊断精度
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 诊断模型 | A | P | F1分数 | R | AUC |
|---|
| IWOA-LightGBM | 98.08 | 98.61 | 98.53 | 98.61 | 99.57 |
| RD-LightGBM | 88.46 | 90.70 | 89.94 | 89.87 | 97.45 |
| TPE-LightGBM | 92.31 | 93.87 | 93.04 | 92.90 | 98.07 |
| SVM | 86.54 | 89.31 | 88.29 | 88.53 | 98.06 |
| BP | 92.31 | 93.87 | 93.83 | 94.60 | 98.50 |
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