矿业研究与开发

标度	含义
0	指标A_e对指标A_f无影响
1	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响微小
2	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响较小
3	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响明显
4	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响很大
	指标A_e本身不作比较，即y_ef = 0（e=f）。

标度	含义
0	指标A_e对指标A_f无影响
1	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响微小
2	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响较小
3	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响明显
4	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响很大
	指标A_e本身不作比较，即y_ef = 0（e=f）。

目标层	一级指标	二级指标	年份	标准值
矿山绿色低碳建设效果评价	驱动力A₁	A₁₁	0.500	1.100	0.776	0.100	1.100
A₁₂	0.100	0.456	0.892	1.100	1.100
A₁₃	1.100	1.028	0.100	0.417	1.100
压力A₂	A₂₁	0.100	1.100	0.975	0.638	1.100
A₂₂	0.652	1.100	0.661	0.100	1.100
A₂₃	0.242	1.100	0.570	0.100	1.100
A₂₄	1.100	0.100	0.500	0.100	1.100
A₂₅	0.100	0.447	1.100	0.544	1.100
状态A₃	A₃₁	0.100	0.709	1.100	1.100	1.100
A₃₂	0.100	1.100	1.100	1.100	1.100
A₃₃	0.100	1.100	1.065	0.892	1.100
影响A₄	A₄₁	0.100	0.839	1.100	0.966	1.100
A₄₂	0.100	1.100	0.700	1.100	1.100
A₄₃	0.978	1.100	0.551	0.100	1.100
响应A₅	A₅₁	1.100	0.905	0.437	0.100	1.100
A₅₂	0.100	1.100	0.600	0.600	1.100
A₅₃	0.100	0.600	1.100	1.100	1.100

目标层	一级指标	二级指标	年份	标准值
矿山绿色低碳建设效果评价	驱动力A₁	A₁₁	0.500	1.100	0.776	0.100	1.100
A₁₂	0.100	0.456	0.892	1.100	1.100
A₁₃	1.100	1.028	0.100	0.417	1.100
压力A₂	A₂₁	0.100	1.100	0.975	0.638	1.100
A₂₂	0.652	1.100	0.661	0.100	1.100
A₂₃	0.242	1.100	0.570	0.100	1.100
A₂₄	1.100	0.100	0.500	0.100	1.100
A₂₅	0.100	0.447	1.100	0.544	1.100
状态A₃	A₃₁	0.100	0.709	1.100	1.100	1.100
A₃₂	0.100	1.100	1.100	1.100	1.100
A₃₃	0.100	1.100	1.065	0.892	1.100
影响A₄	A₄₁	0.100	0.839	1.100	0.966	1.100
A₄₂	0.100	1.100	0.700	1.100	1.100
A₄₃	0.978	1.100	0.551	0.100	1.100
响应A₅	A₅₁	1.100	0.905	0.437	0.100	1.100
A₅₂	0.100	1.100	0.600	0.600	1.100
A₅₃	0.100	0.600	1.100	1.100	1.100

一级指标A_j	驱动力A₁	压力A₂	状态A₃	影响A₄	响应A₅
驱动力A₁	0.000	4.000	3.000	2.000	1.000
压力A₂	1.000	0.000	4.000	3.000	2.000
状态A₃	2.000	1.000	0.000	4.000	3.000
影响A₄	3.000	2.000	1.000	0.000	4.000
响应A₅	4.000	4.000	4.000	4.000	0.000
B_je	2.007	2.076	2.128	2.167	3.094
C_je	2.090	2.233	2.396	2.624	2.139
M_j	4.097	4.298	4.524	4.792	5.233
	0.179	0.187	0.197	0.209	0.228

一级指标A_j	驱动力A₁	压力A₂	状态A₃	影响A₄	响应A₅
驱动力A₁	0.000	4.000	3.000	2.000	1.000
压力A₂	1.000	0.000	4.000	3.000	2.000
状态A₃	2.000	1.000	0.000	4.000	3.000
影响A₄	3.000	2.000	1.000	0.000	4.000
响应A₅	4.000	4.000	4.000	4.000	0.000
B_je	2.007	2.076	2.128	2.167	3.094
C_je	2.090	2.233	2.396	2.624	2.139
M_j	4.097	4.298	4.524	4.792	5.233
	0.179	0.187	0.197	0.209	0.228

指标			X₂₀₂₀	X₂₀₂₁	X₂₀₂₂	X₂₀₂₃	X₀
A₁₁	(0.490,0.589)	(0.088,0.105)	(0.044,0.053)	(0.097,0.116)	(0.068,0.082)	(0.009,0.011)	(0.097,0.116)
A₁₂	(0.159,0.252)	(0.029,0.045)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.013,0.021)	(0.025,0.040)	(0.031,0.050)	(0.031,0.050)
A₁₃	(0.159,0.312)	(0.029,0.056)	(0.031,0.061)	(0.029,0.057)	(0.003,0.006)	(0.012,0.023)	(0.031,0.061)
A₂₁	(0.382,0.489)	(0.071,0.091)	(0.007,0.009)	(0.078,0.101)	(0.070,0.089)	(0.045,0.058)	(0.078,0.101)
A₂₂	(0.076,0.175)	(0.014,0.033)	(0.009,0.021)	(0.016,0.036)	(0.009,0.022)	(0.001,0.003)	(0.016,0.036)
A₂₃	(0.113,0.215)	(0.021,0.040)	(0.005,0.010)	(0.023,0.044)	(0.012,0.023)	(0.002,0.004)	(0.023,0.044)
A₂₄	(0.050,0.093)	(0.009,0.017)	(0.010,0.019)	(0.001,0.002)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.001,0.002)	(0.010,0.019)
A₂₅	(0.136,0.276)	(0.025,0.052)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.011,0.023)	(0.028,0.057)	(0.014,0.028)	(0.028,0.057)
A₃₁	(0.458,0.548)	(0.090,0.108)	(0.009,0.011)	(0.064,0.077)	(0.099,0.119)	(0.099,0.119)	(0.099,0.119)
A₃₂	(0.126,0.241)	(0.025,0.047)	(0.002,0.005)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)
A₃₃	(0.211,0.416)	(0.041,0.082)	(0.004,0.008)	(0.046,0.090)	(0.044,0.087)	(0.037,0.073)	(0.046,0.090)
A₄₁	(0.250,0.328)	(0.052,0.069)	(0.005,0.007)	(0.044,0.057)	(0.057,0.075)	(0.050,0.066)	(0.057,0.075)
A₄₂	(0.250,0.411)	(0.052,0.086)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.057,0.095)	(0.037,0.060)	(0.057,0.095)	(0.057,0.095)
A₄₃	(0.261,0.500)	(0.055,0.105)	(0.053,0.102)	(0.060,0.115)	(0.030,0.058)	(0.005,0.010)	(0.060,0.115)
A₅₁	(0.400,0.589)	(0.091,0.134)	(0.100,0.148)	(0.083,0.122)	(0.040,0.059)	(0.009,0.013)	(0.100,0.148)
A₅₂	(0.142,0.200)	(0.032,0.046)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.036,0.050)	(0.019,0.027)	(0.019,0.027)	(0.036,0.050)
A₅₃	(0.234,0.400)	(0.053,0.091)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.032,0.055)	(0.059,0.100)	(0.059,0.100)	(0.059,0.100)

指标			X₂₀₂₀	X₂₀₂₁	X₂₀₂₂	X₂₀₂₃	X₀
A₁₁	(0.490,0.589)	(0.088,0.105)	(0.044,0.053)	(0.097,0.116)	(0.068,0.082)	(0.009,0.011)	(0.097,0.116)
A₁₂	(0.159,0.252)	(0.029,0.045)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.013,0.021)	(0.025,0.040)	(0.031,0.050)	(0.031,0.050)
A₁₃	(0.159,0.312)	(0.029,0.056)	(0.031,0.061)	(0.029,0.057)	(0.003,0.006)	(0.012,0.023)	(0.031,0.061)
A₂₁	(0.382,0.489)	(0.071,0.091)	(0.007,0.009)	(0.078,0.101)	(0.070,0.089)	(0.045,0.058)	(0.078,0.101)
A₂₂	(0.076,0.175)	(0.014,0.033)	(0.009,0.021)	(0.016,0.036)	(0.009,0.022)	(0.001,0.003)	(0.016,0.036)
A₂₃	(0.113,0.215)	(0.021,0.040)	(0.005,0.010)	(0.023,0.044)	(0.012,0.023)	(0.002,0.004)	(0.023,0.044)
A₂₄	(0.050,0.093)	(0.009,0.017)	(0.010,0.019)	(0.001,0.002)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.001,0.002)	(0.010,0.019)
A₂₅	(0.136,0.276)	(0.025,0.052)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.011,0.023)	(0.028,0.057)	(0.014,0.028)	(0.028,0.057)
A₃₁	(0.458,0.548)	(0.090,0.108)	(0.009,0.011)	(0.064,0.077)	(0.099,0.119)	(0.099,0.119)	(0.099,0.119)
A₃₂	(0.126,0.241)	(0.025,0.047)	(0.002,0.005)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)
A₃₃	(0.211,0.416)	(0.041,0.082)	(0.004,0.008)	(0.046,0.090)	(0.044,0.087)	(0.037,0.073)	(0.046,0.090)
A₄₁	(0.250,0.328)	(0.052,0.069)	(0.005,0.007)	(0.044,0.057)	(0.057,0.075)	(0.050,0.066)	(0.057,0.075)
A₄₂	(0.250,0.411)	(0.052,0.086)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.057,0.095)	(0.037,0.060)	(0.057,0.095)	(0.057,0.095)
A₄₃	(0.261,0.500)	(0.055,0.105)	(0.053,0.102)	(0.060,0.115)	(0.030,0.058)	(0.005,0.010)	(0.060,0.115)
A₅₁	(0.400,0.589)	(0.091,0.134)	(0.100,0.148)	(0.083,0.122)	(0.040,0.059)	(0.009,0.013)	(0.100,0.148)
A₅₂	(0.142,0.200)	(0.032,0.046)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.036,0.050)	(0.019,0.027)	(0.019,0.027)	(0.036,0.050)
A₅₃	(0.234,0.400)	(0.053,0.091)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.032,0.055)	(0.059,0.100)	(0.059,0.100)	(0.059,0.100)

年份
3.126	1.145	1.438	2.291
2.471	0.760	1.693	3.075
3.129	1.309	1.195	2.367
3.500	1.914	1.257	1.329
3.107	1.180	1.492	2.221
2.391	1.017	1.818	2.773

年份
3.126	1.145	1.438	2.291
2.471	0.760	1.693	3.075
3.129	1.309	1.195	2.367
3.500	1.914	1.257	1.329
3.107	1.180	1.492	2.221
2.391	1.017	1.818	2.773

矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法研究及关键影响因素分析

PDF下载

柯丽华 , 张格格 , 姚囝 , 时诣涵 , 张衎瑞 , 凡雅雯

矿业研究与开发 | 矿山安全与环保 2025,45(9): 115-124

收起

矿业研究与开发 |矿山安全与环保 2025 , 45 (9) : 115 -124

矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法研究及关键影响因素分析

全屏

[Author(id=1322162574137872559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=kelihua@wust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322162574469222577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162574137872559, language=EN, stringName=Lihua KE, firstName=Lihua, middleName=null, lastName=KE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322162574553108658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162574137872559, language=CN, stringName=柯丽华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080, bio={"content":"

柯丽华（1974—），女，湖北武汉人，博士，教授，从事绿色矿山建设及系统优化研究。E-mail:kelihua@wust.edu.cn

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

柯丽华（1974—），女，湖北武汉人，博士，教授，从事绿色矿山建设及系统优化研究。E-mail:kelihua@wust.edu.cn

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322162573995266219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574007849132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574016237741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080)])]), Author(id=1322162574611828916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322162574687326390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162574611828916, language=EN, stringName=Gege ZHANG, firstName=Gege, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322162574964150455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162574611828916, language=CN, stringName=张格格, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322162573995266219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574007849132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574016237741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080)])]), Author(id=1322162575048036537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yaonan@wust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322162575387775163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162575048036537, language=EN, stringName=Nan YAO, firstName=Nan, middleName=null, lastName=YAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322162575463272637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162575048036537, language=CN, stringName=姚囝, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322162573995266219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574007849132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574016237741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080)])]), Author(id=1322162575748485311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322162575840760001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162575748485311, language=EN, stringName=Yihan SHI, firstName=Yihan, middleName=null, lastName=SHI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322162575912063170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162575748485311, language=CN, stringName=时诣涵, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322162573995266219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574007849132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574016237741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080)])]), Author(id=1322162576151138500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322162576235024582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162576151138500, language=EN, stringName=Kanrui ZHANG, firstName=Kanrui, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322162576570568903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162576151138500, language=CN, stringName=张衎瑞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322162573995266219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574007849132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574016237741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080)])]), Author(id=1322162576683815113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322162578286039243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162576683815113, language=EN, stringName=Yawen FAN, firstName=Yawen, middleName=null, lastName=FAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322162578369925325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, authorId=1322162576683815113, language=CN, stringName=凡雅雯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322162573995266219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574007849132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322162574016237741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322161859873067636, companyId=1322162573995266219, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080)])])]

柯丽华, 张格格, 姚囝, 时诣涵, 张衎瑞, 凡雅雯

作者信息

武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080

通讯作者:

姚囝（1987—），男，湖北黄冈人，博士，副教授，从事绿色矿山建设及系统优化研究。E-mail:yaonan@wust.edu.cn

作者简介:

柯丽华（1974—），女，湖北武汉人，博士，教授，从事绿色矿山建设及系统优化研究。E-mail:kelihua@wust.edu.cn

Research on the Evaluation Method of Low-Carbon Ecological Construction Effect in Mines and Analysis on Key Influencing Factors

Lihua KE, Gege ZHANG, Nan YAO, Yihan SHI, Kanrui ZHANG, Yawen FAN

Affiliations

School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430080, China

出版时间: 2025-09-25

文章导航

摘要

收起

为客观地评价矿山低碳生态建设效果和促进矿山企业经济建设与环境保护协同发展，基于DPSIR框架构建评价指标体系，结合DEMATEL法和AHP法，构建DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP指标权重算法，并利用区间数距离算法和二元联系数优度算法，提出了基于区间数优度的矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法，客观地揭示矿山企业发展驱动力、生态环境压力、矿区环境质量状态、矿山开采对环境的影响和矿山企业响应反馈之间的紧密联系程度，为动态评估矿山各年的低碳生态建设效果和分析影响矿山低碳生态建设的关键因素识别提供依据。应用该模型方法评价某露天矿低碳生态建设效果和分析其关键影响因素，研究结果表明：该矿山2021年的低碳生态建设效果最优，2020年最差；提高矿山低碳生态建设效果的重要措施包括提升矿山利润率、矿山节能增效和减少CO₂排放、提升单位工业产值固废利用量、增加矿区绿化覆盖率、实施有效的降尘措施、加强矿山生产关键工作流程管理、提升节能减排宣传和培训的覆盖率等。

关键词

矿山低碳生态建设 / 评价方法 / DPSIR / 权重算法 / 区间数优度算法

Abstract

收起

In order to objectively evaluate the low-carbon ecological construction effect of mines and promote the coordinated development of economic construction and environmental protection of mining enterprises, an evaluation index system was established based on the framework of DPSIR. The index weight algorithm of DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP was constructed using the DEMATEL method and AHP method. Using the interval number optimal algorithm and the binary connection number optimal algorithm, a method for evaluating the low-carbon ecological construction effect in mines based on interval number goodness was established to objectively reveal the close degree connection among the driving force of mining enterprise development, ecological environment pressure, environmental quality status of mining areas, the impact of mining on the environment and the response of mining enterprises. It provided a basis for dynamic evalution of the low-carbon ecological construction effect in mines and analysis of the key factors affecting low-carbon ecological construction. The model method was used to evaluate the low-carbon ecological construction effect of an open-pit mine and analyze its key influencing factors. The results show that the low-carbon ecological construction effect of this mine is the best in 2021 and the worst in 2020. Important measures to improve the effectiveness of low-carbon ecological construction in mines include enhancing the mining profit margin, saving energy and increasing efficiency in mines and reducing the CO₂ emissions, enhancing the solid waste utilization per unit of industrial output value, increasing the greening coverage rate in mining, implementing effective dust-reducing measures, strengthening the management of key work processes in mine production, as well as enhancing the coverage rate of energy-saving and emission-reduction campaigns and training and so on.

Key words

Low-carbon ecological construction / Evaluation method / DPSIR / Weighting algorithm / Interval number optimal algorithm

引用本文

柯丽华, 张格格, 姚囝, 时诣涵, 张衎瑞, 凡雅雯. 矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法研究及关键影响因素分析. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (9) : 115 -124 .

Lihua KE, Gege ZHANG, Nan YAO, Yihan SHI, Kanrui ZHANG, Yawen FAN. Research on the Evaluation Method of Low-Carbon Ecological Construction Effect in Mines and Analysis on Key Influencing Factors[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (9) : 115 -124 .

正文

收起

0　引言

收起

随着社会发展对矿产资源需求量的增长，矿山企业的开采量不断增加，同时，固体废弃物、CO₂等大量污染物和有害气体排放量日趋增多，严重影响矿区及附近的居住环境质量。因此，矿山企业亟需实施有效的减碳措施和生态环境保护措施，以实现矿山经济建设和社会环境保护协同发展。为此，有必要参照矿山企业低碳生态建设标准或目标，科学动态地评价矿山低碳生态建设效果，开展矿山低碳生态建设的重要因素影响研究，以期为合理制定低碳生态建设方案提供决策支持。

关于绿色矿山建设的研究成果较多，多涉及探究绿色矿山内涵^[1-4]、建立绿色高效安全开采思路^[5]、绿色开采技术研究^[6-8]、绿色矿山评价标准及考评指标建立^[9-16]等方面。为更好地推进绿色矿山建设工作，科学评价矿山绿色生态建设效果至关重要。针对矿山“高开采、低利用、高排放”等问题，杨天鸿等^[5]提出了“针对资源开发利用的不同阶段和不同矿种来建立绿色矿山考评指标”的思路。基于国家级绿色矿山的九项基本条件^[17]，诸多研究从不同视角，采用不同研究方法，对绿色矿山建设评价指标开展了系统研究^[9-16]。经过十多年绿色矿山建设试点和经验探索，印发了《绿色矿山建设评价指标》（2020），继续指导和推进绿色矿山建设工作。经过对2020年版《绿色矿山建设评价指标》的修订完善，形成了《国家级绿色矿山建设评价指标》，从矿区环境、资源开采、资源综合利用、绿色低碳、生态修复与环境治理、科技创新与规范管理等方面，设置了20项约束性指标和29项提升性指标^[10]，不仅包括了绿色生态建设和低碳运行等方面的建设标准，也凸显了对“规范管理、生态修复与环境治理”等积极响应的要求。实践中，基于《绿色矿山建设评价指标》的标准，采取百分制对绿色矿山建设状态进行全面客观评价；相关研究者尝试利用层次分析法、模糊数学方法和线性加权模型等，对矿山低碳生态建设的效果^[12-13]、低碳发展水平^[15]和矿区资源环境承载力^[9]等进行综合评价。这些研究未考虑矿山企业发展驱动力(Driving force, D)、生态环境压力(Pressure, P)、矿区环境质量状态(State, S)、矿山开采对环境的影响(Impact, I)和矿山企业响应反馈(Response, R)的相互影响，忽略了矿山企业经济建设和环境保护协同发展的要求，不能动态地比较矿山每年低碳建设效果的差异，不利于查找影响矿山低碳生态建设的关键因素。

因此，本文基于DPSIR(驱动力–压力–状态–影响–响应)思想，建立了矿山低碳生态建设效果评价指标体系；采用DEMATEL(Decision-making trail and evaluation laboratory，决策实验室分析)法和AHP（Analytic hierarchy process，层次分析）法，构建了DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP指标权重算法，客观地揭示矿山企业发展驱动力、生态环境压力、矿区环境质量状态、矿山开采对环境的影响和矿山企业响应反馈之间的紧密联系程度，并定量描述了专家组对各个指标相对重要性的主观意见的模糊性和不确定性；利用区间数距离算法和二元联系数优度算法，建立了基于区间数优度的矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法，以期为客观评价矿山低碳生态建设效果和分析影响矿山低碳生态建设的关键因素提供有效的方法路径。

1　矿山低碳生态建设效果评价问题

收起

矿山低碳生态建设效果评价是考虑企业经济发展、废弃物排放与利用、环境治理的相互影响，动态分析矿山各年低碳生态建设状态和低碳生态建设目标状态之间的相对差距，剖析影响矿山低碳生态建设的关键原因，为制定有效的低碳生态建设对策提供重要信息。矿山低碳生态建设效果评价包括指标体系构建、指标权重计算和矿山低碳生态建设效果评价模型建立等关键工作。

1.1　矿山低碳生态建设效果评价指标体系

参考《绿色矿山建设评价指标》《矿产资源节约与综合利用“十二五”规划》，系统总结近20年绿色矿山低碳建设、生态建设的相关文献和矿山调研资料，遵循可持续发展、资源高效利用和矿区环境优化治理等原则，基于DPSIR模型思想，梳理企业发展驱动力、生态环境压力、矿区环境质量状态、矿山开采对环境的影响和矿山企业响应反馈的因果关系，构建了矿山低碳生态建设效果的评价指标体系，如图1所示。

为反映矿区环境变化的潜在动力和引发矿区生态变化的根本原因，选用矿山利润率、矿石开采量和矿石需求量等指标，描述矿山低碳生态建设的驱动力；选用单位工业产值能耗、单位工业产值水耗、单位工业产值CO₂当量排放量、噪声最大值、单位工业产值固废排放量等指标，描述矿山生产中能源消耗和污染物排放所造成的矿山低碳生态运行的压力；选用单位工业产值固废利用量、采区回采率、矿区绿化覆盖率等指标，描述驱动力和压力综合影响下的矿区生态环境状况；选择单位工业产值资源税额、公众投诉次数、矿区平均空气质量指数等指标，反映矿山生产对矿区内的公众生活、人类健康和社会经济发展的影响；选取低碳环保投资占比、节能减排培训宣传覆盖率、节能减排制度完善程度等指标全面反映矿山积极提升经济增长和减少环境污染压力的状态。在指标体系中，单位工业产值能耗、单位工业产值水耗、单位工业产值CO₂当量排放量、噪声最大值、单位工业产值固废排放量、公众投诉次数和矿区平均空气质量指数等7个指标为成本型指标，其他指标为效益型指标。

1.2　矿山低碳生态建设效果评价的核心工作

按照图1建立矿山低碳生产建设效果评价指标集A={A_j}，{A_j}={A_jh}(j=1, 2，…，5;h=1, 2，…，H_j；其中H_j表示第j个一级指标下属的二级指标数量，本文中H_j取3或5), A_jh为第j类一级指标下属的第h个二级指标。采用现场调查方式，收集矿山第i年(i=0, 1，2，…，m)低碳生态建设效果评价指标A_jh的实际值a_ijh。根据国家标准、行业规范或矿山企业的生产目标，确定指标A_jh的参考值

，并通过实地调查获得矿山低碳生态建设效果各个评价指标A_jh的目标值a_0jh：效益型指标目标值a_0jh=max(

，a_ijh)，成本型指标目标值a_0jh=min(

，a_ijh)。采用式(1)、式(2)分别对效益型指标和成本型指标的目标值

和实际值a_ijh进行标准化处理，消除数量级和量纲的影响，获取指标标准化目标值a’_0jh和标准化实际值a’_ijh。为客观反映专家组对各个指标权重的偏好差异及模糊不确定性，采用区间数

表示指标A_jh的权重，以减少决策信息丢失，

和

分别为指标权重

的下限和上限。按式(3)对评价指标A_jh标准化值a’_0jh和a’_ijh进行加权处理，建立加权标准化后的参考区间序列

和比较区间序列

，分别反映矿山低碳生态建设效果的目标状态和实际状态，如图2所示。因此，利用参考区间序列X₀与比较区间序列X_i之间的综合加权距离

大小反映矿山低碳生态建设效果的好坏。若

越小，则矿山第i年的低碳生态建设效果越好，反之亦然。

（1）

（2）

（3）

2　DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP指标权重算法

收起

考虑矿山发展驱动力、生态环境压力、矿区环境质量状态、矿山生产对环境的影响和矿山对环境治理的响应程度之间的直接关联或间接关联的关系（如图3所示），建立5位标度（见表1）。采用DEMATEL方法，建立驱动力、压力、状态、影响和响应五个一级指标之间的相互重要程度的判断矩阵Y=[y_ef]_n×n(e，f=1, 2，…，n), y_ef为指标A_e对指标A_f的影响程度。从图3可知，驱动力对压力产生直接影响，故驱动力类指标对压力类指标的影响很大，取标度值为4；驱动力通过对压力的影响，间接对状态产生影响，因此，驱动力类指标对状态类指标的影响明显，取标度值为3，以此类推；响应分别对驱动力、压力、状态、影响产生直接影响，故取对应标度值为4；各因素对自身的影响标度为0。依此建立判断矩阵Y=[y_ef]_n×n，见式(4)至式(6)，确定指标标准化影响关系矩阵Y*和指标综合关系矩阵T。对矩阵T分别进行行相加，计算指标影响度B_je，以描述指标A_j对其他指标A_e的影响；同时，对矩阵T分别进行列相加，计算指标被影响度C_je，以反映指标A_j受其他指标A_e的影响；进而按式(7)和式（8）计算五个一级指标A_j的中心度M_j和权重系数

。

（4）

（5）

（6）

（7）

（8）

式中：λ为特征值；E为单位矩阵。

采用群决策方式和层次分析法计算五类一级指标下属的二级指标的权重，以更好地定量描述专家组对各个指标相对重要性的主观意见的模糊性和不确定性。建立专家集Z={Z_f}(f=1, 2，…，F)，请专家Z_f按照9位标度法，建立判断矩阵

(h=1, 2，…，H_j;t=1, 2，…，H_j),

反映了专家Z_f对第j类一级指标下属的H_j个任意二级指标A_jh与指标A_jt的相对重要性的主观判断。按特征向量法，计算专家Z_f建立的判断矩阵

的特征向量

及最大特征值λ_j－max(h)，并通过一致性检验后，确定专家Z_f对二级指标A_jh的权重

，进而确定专家组关于二级指标A_jh的权重区间数

，其中

，

。最后，按式（9）计算指标A_jh的最终权重区间数

。

（9）

3　矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法

收起

3.1　区间数距离d_0ijh的算法

为确定参考区间序列X₀与比较区间序列X_i之间的综合加权距离

，计算两个区间序列X₀与X_i关于各个指标A_jh的关联系数

，即计算指标A_jh的目标区间数

与第i年指标实际值区间数

之间的距离

。考虑区间数的三类6种位置关系，如图4所示。

分析两个区间数的最大距离max(d_0ijh)和最小距离min(d_0ijh)：在图4(a)中，当

且

时，

；在图4(b)中，当

且

时，

；在图4(c)中，当

且

时，

；在图4(d)中，当

且

时，

；在图4(e)中，当

时，

；在图4(f)中，当

时，

。根据以上分析，建立区间数

与

之间的距离d_0ijh的算法，如式（10）至式（12）所示。

（10）

（11）

（12）

3.2　基于二元联系数优度算法的低碳生态建设效果评价模型

按照区间数

与

距离d_0ijh的算法，利用式（13）计算两个区间序列X₀与X_i的综合加权距离

, 以反映第i年的矿山低碳生态建设状态与目标状态的差异情况。可见，区间序列X₀与X_i的综合加权距离

为区间数。

（13）

基于二元联系数可能度函数的区间数排序方法^[18]的思路，考虑第i年和第k年矿山低碳生态建设情况的综合加权距离

和

的相对空间位置关系，建立区间数优度算法，如式(14)所示。计算

不小于

的可能度g_ik，以反映矿山第i年低碳生态建设状态不优于第k年低碳生态建设状态的可能程度，进而建立矩阵

，其中g_ik=0.5(i=k)，并按式(15)计算矿山第i年低碳生态建设状态综合劣度

。若

越大，则矿山第i年的低碳生态建设效果越差，反之亦然。

（14）

式中：

和

分别为综合加权距离

和

的长度。

按照式（16）计算一级指标的综合加权距离

，再按照式(14)、式（15）计算研究期内各年的一级指标驱动力A₁、压力A₂、状态A₃、影响A₄、响应A₅的综合劣度

（j=1, 2，…，5）。若

大，则矿山第i年第j类一级指标是影响矿山低碳生态建设效果的关键。

（15）

（16）

4　矿山低碳生态建设效果评价方法应用

收起

4.1　基础数据收集及预处理

通过现场调查方式和查阅国家标准、行业规范、企业生产目标，按照图1建立的指标体系。收集湖北某露天石灰石矿2020—2023年各个指标的实际值a_ijh和参考值

，分别按照效益型指标和成本型指标确定矿山低碳生态建设效果各个评价指标A_jh的目标值a_0jh，并按式(1)至式(2)对指标实际值进行标准化处理，结果见表2。

4.2　矿山低碳生态建设效果评价指标权重计算

根据所建立的矿山低碳生态建设效果评价指标体系，采用DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP指标权重算法，按照图3和表1，建立驱动力、压力、状态、影响和响应之间关系的判断矩阵，再按式(4)至式(8)计算驱动力、压力、状态、影响和响应等五类一级指标影响度B_je、被影响度C_je、中心度M_j和权重系数

，见表3。

采用问卷调查法，收集5位专家对五类一级指标下属的二级指标的相对重要性意见，建立判断矩阵

。以驱动力指标为例，5位专家建立的驱动力因素下的三个二级指标的判断矩阵见表4。

按特征向量法计算各个指标的相对重要性系数分别为：

、

，进而确定专家组关于这三个指标相互重要性的权重区间数

，即：

由表3确定驱动力A₁的权重为0.179，按照式(9)计算确定矿山利润率A₁₁、矿石开采量A₁₂和矿石需求量A₁₃的最终权重系数为

。类似地，计算各个指标的最终权系数见表5。

4.3　矿山低碳生态建设状态效果评价及分析

4.3.1　矿山低碳生态建设效果的综合劣度计算

考虑各个指标权重系数的影响，按式(3)对矿山低碳生态建设效果各个评价指标A_jh的目标值a_0jh和实际值a_ijh进行加权处理，建立加权标准化后的参考区间序列X₀（反映矿山低碳建设效果目标状态）和比较区间序列X₂₀₂₀、X₂₀₂₁、X₂₀₂₂、X₂₀₂₃（分别反映矿山第2020—2023年的矿山低碳建设效果状态），具体见表5。

按式(10)至式(13)分别计算参考区间序列X₀与比较区间序列X₂₀₂₀、X₂₀₂₁、X₂₀₂₂、X₂₀₂₃综合加权距离

，并建立矩阵

，如式(17)所示。进而按式(14)至式(15)计算矿山2020—2023年低碳生态建设状态综合劣度

（i=2020, 2021, 2022, 2023）。同时，按式(14)至式(16)分别计算在2020—2023年期间各年的驱动力A₁、压力A₂、状态A₃、影响A₄、响应A₅的综合加权距离

(j=1, 2，…，5;i=2020, 2021, 2022, 2023)及其综合劣度

，具体见表6。

（17）

4.3.2　矿山低碳生态建设效果及关键因素分析

结合矿山实际情况及表5、表6结果，对该矿山低碳生态建设效果开展评价，并对关键因素进行具体分析，得出以下主要结论。

（1）矿山2020—2023年低碳生态建设效果的综合劣度分别为3.126, 1.145, 1.438和2.291，即

。2021年该矿山低碳生态建设效果最好，2020年该矿山低碳生态建设效果最差。结合2020—2023年期间各年的驱动力A₁、压力A₂、状态A₃、影响A₄、响应A₅等五类指标综合劣度

的计算结果和矿山实际情况，分析其主要原因如下：矿山2020年生产中能源消耗和污染物排放对矿山低碳生态运行的压力最大，在驱动力和压力综合影响下的矿区生态环境状况最差，对矿区内的民众生活、安全健康和社会经济发展的不利影响最大，积极提升经济增长和减少环境污染压力的状态相对较差；2021年矿山低碳生态建设驱动力强，对矿区内的民众生活、安全健康和社会经济发展的不利影响最小，积极提升经济增长和减少环境污染压力的状态最好，在驱动力和压力综合影响下的矿区生态环境状况较好，能源消耗和污染物排放对矿山低碳生态运行的压力较小。

（2）2020—2023年，矿山低碳生态建设的驱动力综合劣度分别为2.471, 0.760, 1.693和3.075。2021年矿山低碳生态建设驱动力最强，2023年最弱。在2020—2023年期间，矿石市场需求量变化不大，稳定在28.72 亿～31.50 亿 t^[19]；矿山生产系统运行逐年稳定有序，2021—2023矿石开采量逐年增幅分别为43%、37%和12%，2023年矿石开采量达到最高；矿石单价逐年不同程度降低，矿山利润率在2021年达到峰值后逐年降低，2023年矿山利润率比2021年降低了60%。可见，在矿石需求量相对稳定的情况下，提高矿石开采量对于提升矿山低碳生态建设驱动力的作用有限，提升矿山低碳生态建设效果驱动力的关键是持续提高矿山利润率。

（3）2020—2023年，矿山低碳生态运行的压力综合劣度分别为3.129, 1.309, 1.195和2.367。2022年矿山低碳生态运行的压力最小，2021年次之，2020年最大。在2020—2023年期间，矿山单位工业产值水耗量和噪声最大值变化不大，分别在6.97~10.07 t/万元和55.5~58.0 dB之间变化。2020年矿山以基建工作为主，矿石开采量相对最低，上覆岩层剥离外排固体废弃物较大，单位工业产品能耗、单位工业产值CO₂当量排放量和单位工业产值固体废弃物排放量都分别达到了最高值0.64 kg标煤/t、0.394 t/万元和2.21 t/万元。随着矿山开采量逐年增加，2021年矿山单位工业产品能耗和单位工业产值CO₂当量排放量达到最低，分别比2020年降低了12.5%和29.18%；同时，2022年单位工业产品能耗和单位工业产值CO₂当量排放量分别比2021年增加了1.78%和25%；矿山单位工业产值固体废弃物排放量在2022年达到了最低值(1.49 t/万元)。固体废弃物排放量受矿体赋存特征的客观条件限制而不易调整，因此，矿山节能增效和减少CO₂外排量是减小矿山低碳生态运行压力的关键。

（4）2020—2023年，矿山驱动力和压力综合影响下的矿区生态环境的状况综合劣度分别为3.500, 1.914, 1.257和1.329。2022年矿区生态环境状况最好，2023年次之，2020年最差。由于矿山2020年以基建工作为主，单位工业产值固废利用量、采区回采率、矿区绿化覆盖率最低，分别为0.21 t/t、95%和51.61%。随着开采工作有序稳定开展，矿山基于固废组分研究及用途分析，一定程度上拓宽了固废利用渠道，2021年单位工业产值固废利用量有所增加，并在2022年和2023年达到了最高值(0.85 t/t)，单位工业产值固废利用率逐年增加，在9.5%~57%之间变化。同时，矿山开展开采方案优化研究和绿化复垦工作，针对矿山生产勘探情况和矿体赋存特征，及时地对工作线进行调整，2021—2023年矿山采区回采率年均比2020年高2%。通过实施绿化复垦工作计划，2021—2023年的矿区绿化覆盖率均达到了60%以上，比2020年分别提升了24.38%、23.54%和19.32%。可见，持续提升单位工业产值固废利用量和矿区绿化覆盖率是进一步改善矿区生态环境状况的关键。

（5）2020—2023年，矿山生产对矿区内的民众生活、安全健康和社会经济发展的影响综合劣度分别为3.107, 1.180, 1.492和2.221。2021年矿山低碳生态建设对外不利影响最小，2022年次之，2020年最大。2020年矿山产量最低，缴纳的资源税额最低，矿山生产爆破振动的不利影响所引起的周边居民投诉次数较多，故矿山建设和生产运营对外的不利影响相对最大。2020年和2021年期间，矿山多尘源叠加效应对矿山周围空气质量的不利影响不大，矿山平均空气质量指数为60.8~61.75；随着矿山生产量逐年增加，矿山粉尘扩散外排对周围空气质量影响逐年增加，在2023年矿山平均空气质量指数达到最大值(73.75)。因此，实施有效的降尘措施以减少矿山多尘源叠加扩散效应和加强矿山生产关键工作过程管理，是减少矿山生产对矿区民众生活、安全健康和社会经济发展造成不利影响的重要措施。

（6）2020—2023年，矿山积极提升经济增长和减少环境污染压力的状态综合劣度分别为2.391, 1.017, 1.818和2.773。2021年矿山对提升经济增长和减少环境污染压力的响应最积极，2023年最差，2020年次之。矿山2020年基建投资时，购置低碳工艺设备和粉尘浓度监测设备的投资额较多；进入生产运营期后，矿山每年在节能减排培训、工艺设备节能减排的监测工作和降尘方面增加的投入资金逐年降低，故矿山低碳环保投入占比在四年期间是逐年减少的。2020年矿山在节能减排培训宣传方面的覆盖率达到50%，并制定和完善了6个节能减排制度文件，取得了一定的低碳建设成效。2021年，矿山持续加大节能减排的宣传力度，员工参与相关培训覆盖率达到最高(70%), 2022年和2023年因矿山开采量剧增，参与节能减排培训的覆盖率相对降低。四年期间，共完善8个相关节能减排制度文件，为矿山低碳生态建设运营工作提供了保障。可见，持续提升节能减排宣传和培训覆盖率的空间较大，是提升经济增长和减少环境污染压力的关键。

5　结论

收起

（1）基于DPSIR框架构建评价体系，融合DEMATEL法和AHP法，构建了基于DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP的指标权重算法，建立了矿山低碳生态建设效果评价指标体系，客观地揭示矿山企业发展驱动力、生态环境压力、矿区环境质量状态、矿山开采对环境的影响和矿山企业响应反馈之间的相互影响，有利于全面评价矿山低碳生态建设效果和促进矿山企业经济与环境保护协同发展。

（2）分析区间数三类6种位置关系，结合区间数距离算法和二元联系数优度算法，建立了矿山低碳生态建设效果动态评价模型，为动态评估矿山低碳生态建设效果和分析影响矿山低碳生态建设的关键因素识别提供依据。

（3）采用基于DPSIR-DEMATEL-AHP的指标权重算法和区间数优度算法的低碳生态建设效果评价方法，对某露天矿2020—2023年的低碳生态建设效果进行评价，并分析影响矿山低碳生态建设的关键因素，得出该矿山2021年低碳生态建设效果最优，2020年低碳生态建设效果最差。提高矿山低碳生态建设效果的重要措施包括提升矿山利润率、加强矿山节能增效和减少CO₂排放、提升单位工业产值固废利用量、增加矿区绿化覆盖率、实施有效的降尘措施、加强矿山生产关键工作流程管理、继续提升节能减排宣传和培训的覆盖率等。

基金

收起

湖北省安全生产专项资金项目(SJZX20211004)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

[1]

黄敬军.论绿色矿山的建设[J].金属矿山，2009(4):7-10.

HUANG

Jingjun

. On the construction of green mines[J]. Metal Mine, 2009(4):7-10.

[2]

刘建兴.绿色矿山的概念内涵及其系统构成研究[J].中国矿业，2014，23(2):51-54.

LIU

Jianxing

. The connotation of green mine and it's system structure[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2014, 23(2):51-54.

[3]

柳晓娟，侯华丽，孙映祥，等.关于中国绿色矿业内涵与实现路径的思考[J].矿业研究与开发，2021, 41(10): 180-186.

LIU

Xiaojuan

, HOU

Huali

, SUN

Yingxiang

, et al. Thinking about the connotation and realization path for green mining in China[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2021, 41(10):180-186.

[4]

王金满，杨曼，刘彪，等.绿色矿山建设碳源/汇与减排增汇研究进展[J].煤炭学报，2024，49(3):1597-1610.

WANG

Jinman

, YANG

Man

, LIU

Biao

, et al. Carbon sources/sinks and emission reduction and sink enhancement in green mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(3):1597-1610.

[5]

杨天鸿，孙东东，胥孝川，等.新疆大型露天矿绿色安全高效开采存在问题及对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报，2022, 39(1):1-12.

YANG

Tianhong

, SUN

Dongdong

, XU

Xiaochuan

, et al. Problems and countermeasures in green, safe and efficient mining of large-scale open-pit mines in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2022, 39(1):1-12.

[6]

钱鸣高，许家林，缪协兴.煤矿绿色开采技术[J].中国矿业大学学报，2003，32(4):343-348.

QIAN

Minggao

, XU

Jialin

, MIAO

Xiexing

. Green technique in coal mining[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2003, 32(4):343-348.

[7]

白润才，付恩三，马力，等.露天煤矿安全–绿色–高效–低碳协同开采技术体系[J].煤炭学报，2024，49(1):298-308.

BAl

Runcai

, FU

Ensan

, MA

, et al. Collaborative mining technological system of safety-green-high efficiency-low carbon for open pit coal mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1):298-308.

[8]

文家燕，闻海潮，程洋，等.基于GWO-NSGA-Ⅱ混合算法的露天矿低碳运输调度[J].工矿自动化，2023，49(2):94-101.

WEN

Jiayan

, WEN

Haichao

, CHENG

Yang

, et al. Low-carbon transportation scheduling of open-pit mine based on GWO-NSGA-Ⅱ hybrid algorithm[J]. Journal of Mine Automation, 2023, 49(2):94-101.

[9]

孙家全，崔健，刘润，等.基于多种方法的赤峰市撰山子矿区资源环境承载力评价[J/OL].地质通报：1-10[2024-09-22]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.4648.P.20240710.2009.002.html.

SUN

Jiaquan

, CUI

Jian

, LIU

Run

, et al. Evaluation of resource environmental carrying capacity in Zhuanshanzi mining area in Chifeng City based on various methods.[J/OL]. Geological Bulletin of China: 1-10[2024-09-22]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.4648.P.20240710.2009.002.html.

[10]

陈丽新，余海洋，杨繁，等.国家级绿色矿山建设评价指标解析[J].中国矿业，2024, 33(5): 72-79.

CHEN

Lixin

, YU

Haiyang

, YANG

Fan

, et al. Analysis of evaluation indicators for national green mine construction[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2024, 33(5):72-79.

[11]

季闪电，杨沣.忻州市煤炭行业绿色矿山建设评价指标体系研究：以王家岭煤矿为例[J].中国矿业，2020，29(7):65-69+91.

Shandian

, YANG

Feng

. Research on the evaluation index system of coal industry green mine construction in Xinzhou city: a case study of Wangjialing coal mine[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2020, 29(7):65-69+91.

[12]

刘建功.冀中能源低碳生态矿山建设的研究与实践[J].煤炭学报，2011, 36(2): 317-321.

LIU

Jiangong

. Study and practice of low-carbon ecological mining construction of Jizhong Energy Group[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2011, 36(2):317-321.

[13]

信春华，丁日佳，刘峰.井工矿低碳生态矿山建设多阶段综合评价模型[J].煤炭学报，2012，37(6):1061-1066.

XIN

Chunhua

, DING

Rijia

, LIU

Feng

. Multi-stage comprehensive evaluation model on low-carbon ecological mining construction in underground mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2012, 37(6):1061-1066.

[14]

钟琛，胡乃联，段绍甫，等.有色金属绿色矿山评价体系研究[J].矿业研究与开发，2019，39(7):146-151.

ZHONG

Chen

, HU

Nailian

, DUAN

Shaofu

, et al. Research on evaluation system of green minesin non-ferrous metal industry[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2019, 39(7):146-151.

[15]

李高波.煤炭企业低碳发展水平综合评价：以新矿集团为例[J].价值工程，2013，32(11):147-148.

Gaobo

. Low carbon development research on coal enterprise: taking Xinwen Mining group as an example[J]. Value Engineering, 2013, 32(11): 147-148.

[16]

王永卿，王来峰，邓洪星，等.湖北省绿色矿山建设影响因素及其效果分析[J].资源科学，2019，41(8):1513-1525.

WANG

Yongqing

, WANG

Laifeng

, DENG

Hongxing

, et al. Influencing factors and performance evaluation of green mining in Hubei Province[J]. Resources Science, 2019, 41(8):1513-1525.

[17]

中华人民共和国国土资源部.关于贯彻落实全国矿产资源规划发展绿色矿业建设绿色矿山工作的指导意见[EB/OL].(2010-08-13)[2024-09-25]. hppts://www.mnr.gov.cn/gk/tzgg/201008/t20100823_1990366.html.

[18]

柯丽华，唐华倩，王其虎，等.基于二元联系数可能度函数的区间数排序方法及应用[J].系统科学与数学，2023，43(2):417-430.

Lihua

, TANG

Huaqian

, WANG

Qihu

, et al. Ranking method of interval numbers based on possibility function of binary connection number and its application[J]. Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences, 2023, 43(2): 417-430.

[19]

共研产业研究院.2024—2030年中国石灰石行业全景调研及投资方向研究报告[EB/OL].(2024-05-06)[2024-09-25]. https://www.gonyn.com/report/1721977.html.

2025年第45卷第9期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

接收时间：2024-10-14
首发时间：2026-10-28
出版时间：2025-09-25

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2024-10-14

基金

湖北省安全生产专项资金项目(SJZX20211004)

作者信息

武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北　武汉　430080

通讯作者:

姚囝（1987—），男，湖北黄冈人，博士，副教授，从事绿色矿山建设及系统优化研究。E-mail:yaonan@wust.edu.cn

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/1322161859873067636

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT

标度	含义
0	指标A_e对指标A_f无影响
1	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响微小
2	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响较小
3	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响明显
4	指标A_e对指标A_f的影响很大
	指标A_e本身不作比较，即y_ef = 0（e=f）。

标度

含义

指标A_e对指标A_f无影响

指标A_e对指标A_f的影响微小

指标A_e对指标A_f的影响较小

指标A_e对指标A_f的影响明显

指标A_e对指标A_f的影响很大

指标A_e本身不作比较，即y_ef = 0（e=f）。

目标层	一级指标	二级指标	年份	标准值
矿山绿色低碳建设效果评价	驱动力A₁	A₁₁	0.500	1.100	0.776	0.100	1.100
A₁₂	0.100	0.456	0.892	1.100	1.100
A₁₃	1.100	1.028	0.100	0.417	1.100
压力A₂	A₂₁	0.100	1.100	0.975	0.638	1.100
A₂₂	0.652	1.100	0.661	0.100	1.100
A₂₃	0.242	1.100	0.570	0.100	1.100
A₂₄	1.100	0.100	0.500	0.100	1.100
A₂₅	0.100	0.447	1.100	0.544	1.100
状态A₃	A₃₁	0.100	0.709	1.100	1.100	1.100
A₃₂	0.100	1.100	1.100	1.100	1.100
A₃₃	0.100	1.100	1.065	0.892	1.100
影响A₄	A₄₁	0.100	0.839	1.100	0.966	1.100
A₄₂	0.100	1.100	0.700	1.100	1.100
A₄₃	0.978	1.100	0.551	0.100	1.100
响应A₅	A₅₁	1.100	0.905	0.437	0.100	1.100
A₅₂	0.100	1.100	0.600	0.600	1.100
A₅₃	0.100	0.600	1.100	1.100	1.100

目标层

一级指标

二级指标

年份

标准值

2020年

2021年

2022年

2023年

矿山绿色低碳建设效果评价

驱动力A₁

A₁₁

0.500

1.100

0.776

0.100

1.100

A₁₂

0.100

0.456

0.892

1.100

A₁₃

1.100

1.028

0.100

0.417

1.100

压力A₂

A₂₁

0.100

1.100

0.975

0.638

1.100

A₂₂

0.652

1.100

0.661

0.100

1.100

A₂₃

0.242

1.100

0.570

0.100

1.100

A₂₄

1.100

0.100

0.500

0.100

1.100

A₂₅

0.100

0.447

1.100

0.544

1.100

状态A₃

A₃₁

0.100

0.709

1.100

A₃₂

0.100

1.100

A₃₃

0.100

1.100

1.065

0.892

1.100

影响A₄

A₄₁

0.100

0.839

1.100

0.966

1.100

A₄₂

0.100

1.100

0.700

1.100

A₄₃

0.978

1.100

0.551

0.100

1.100

响应A₅

A₅₁

1.100

0.905

0.437

0.100

1.100

A₅₂

0.100

1.100

0.600

1.100

A₅₃

0.100

0.600

1.100

一级指标A_j	驱动力A₁	压力A₂	状态A₃	影响A₄	响应A₅
驱动力A₁	0.000	4.000	3.000	2.000	1.000
压力A₂	1.000	0.000	4.000	3.000	2.000
状态A₃	2.000	1.000	0.000	4.000	3.000
影响A₄	3.000	2.000	1.000	0.000	4.000
响应A₅	4.000	4.000	4.000	4.000	0.000
B_je	2.007	2.076	2.128	2.167	3.094
C_je	2.090	2.233	2.396	2.624	2.139
M_j	4.097	4.298	4.524	4.792	5.233
	0.179	0.187	0.197	0.209	0.228

一级指标A_j

驱动力A₁

压力A₂

状态A₃

影响A₄

响应A₅

驱动力A₁

0.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

压力A₂

1.000

0.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

状态A₃

2.000

1.000

0.000

4.000

3.000

影响A₄

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000

4.000

响应A₅

4.000

0.000

B_je

2.007

2.076

2.128

2.167

3.094

C_je

2.090

2.233

2.396

2.624

2.139

M_j

4.097

4.298

4.524

4.792

5.233

0.179

0.187

0.197

0.209

0.228

权重区间数

Z₁

Z₂

Z₃

Z₄

Z₅

指标			X₂₀₂₀	X₂₀₂₁	X₂₀₂₂	X₂₀₂₃	X₀
A₁₁	(0.490,0.589)	(0.088,0.105)	(0.044,0.053)	(0.097,0.116)	(0.068,0.082)	(0.009,0.011)	(0.097,0.116)
A₁₂	(0.159,0.252)	(0.029,0.045)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.013,0.021)	(0.025,0.040)	(0.031,0.050)	(0.031,0.050)
A₁₃	(0.159,0.312)	(0.029,0.056)	(0.031,0.061)	(0.029,0.057)	(0.003,0.006)	(0.012,0.023)	(0.031,0.061)
A₂₁	(0.382,0.489)	(0.071,0.091)	(0.007,0.009)	(0.078,0.101)	(0.070,0.089)	(0.045,0.058)	(0.078,0.101)
A₂₂	(0.076,0.175)	(0.014,0.033)	(0.009,0.021)	(0.016,0.036)	(0.009,0.022)	(0.001,0.003)	(0.016,0.036)
A₂₃	(0.113,0.215)	(0.021,0.040)	(0.005,0.010)	(0.023,0.044)	(0.012,0.023)	(0.002,0.004)	(0.023,0.044)
A₂₄	(0.050,0.093)	(0.009,0.017)	(0.010,0.019)	(0.001,0.002)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.001,0.002)	(0.010,0.019)
A₂₅	(0.136,0.276)	(0.025,0.052)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.011,0.023)	(0.028,0.057)	(0.014,0.028)	(0.028,0.057)
A₃₁	(0.458,0.548)	(0.090,0.108)	(0.009,0.011)	(0.064,0.077)	(0.099,0.119)	(0.099,0.119)	(0.099,0.119)
A₃₂	(0.126,0.241)	(0.025,0.047)	(0.002,0.005)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)	(0.027,0.052)
A₃₃	(0.211,0.416)	(0.041,0.082)	(0.004,0.008)	(0.046,0.090)	(0.044,0.087)	(0.037,0.073)	(0.046,0.090)
A₄₁	(0.250,0.328)	(0.052,0.069)	(0.005,0.007)	(0.044,0.057)	(0.057,0.075)	(0.050,0.066)	(0.057,0.075)
A₄₂	(0.250,0.411)	(0.052,0.086)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.057,0.095)	(0.037,0.060)	(0.057,0.095)	(0.057,0.095)
A₄₃	(0.261,0.500)	(0.055,0.105)	(0.053,0.102)	(0.060,0.115)	(0.030,0.058)	(0.005,0.010)	(0.060,0.115)
A₅₁	(0.400,0.589)	(0.091,0.134)	(0.100,0.148)	(0.083,0.122)	(0.040,0.059)	(0.009,0.013)	(0.100,0.148)
A₅₂	(0.142,0.200)	(0.032,0.046)	(0.003,0.005)	(0.036,0.050)	(0.019,0.027)	(0.019,0.027)	(0.036,0.050)
A₅₃	(0.234,0.400)	(0.053,0.091)	(0.005,0.009)	(0.032,0.055)	(0.059,0.100)	(0.059,0.100)	(0.059,0.100)

指标

X₂₀₂₀

X₂₀₂₁

X₂₀₂₂

X₂₀₂₃

X₀

A₁₁

(0.490,0.589)

(0.088,0.105)

(0.044,0.053)

(0.097,0.116)

(0.068,0.082)

(0.009,0.011)

(0.097,0.116)

A₁₂

(0.159,0.252)

(0.029,0.045)

(0.003,0.005)

(0.013,0.021)

(0.025,0.040)

(0.031,0.050)

A₁₃

(0.159,0.312)

(0.029,0.056)

(0.031,0.061)

(0.029,0.057)

(0.003,0.006)

(0.012,0.023)

(0.031,0.061)

A₂₁

(0.382,0.489)

(0.071,0.091)

(0.007,0.009)

(0.078,0.101)

(0.070,0.089)

(0.045,0.058)

(0.078,0.101)

A₂₂

(0.076,0.175)

(0.014,0.033)

(0.009,0.021)

(0.016,0.036)

(0.009,0.022)

(0.001,0.003)

(0.016,0.036)

A₂₃

(0.113,0.215)

(0.021,0.040)

(0.005,0.010)

(0.023,0.044)

(0.012,0.023)

(0.002,0.004)

(0.023,0.044)

A₂₄

(0.050,0.093)

(0.009,0.017)

(0.010,0.019)

(0.001,0.002)

(0.005,0.009)

(0.001,0.002)

(0.010,0.019)

A₂₅

(0.136,0.276)

(0.025,0.052)

(0.003,0.005)

(0.011,0.023)

(0.028,0.057)

(0.014,0.028)

(0.028,0.057)

A₃₁

(0.458,0.548)

(0.090,0.108)

(0.009,0.011)

(0.064,0.077)

(0.099,0.119)

A₃₂

(0.126,0.241)

(0.025,0.047)

(0.002,0.005)

(0.027,0.052)

A₃₃

(0.211,0.416)

(0.041,0.082)

(0.004,0.008)

(0.046,0.090)

(0.044,0.087)

(0.037,0.073)

(0.046,0.090)

A₄₁

(0.250,0.328)

(0.052,0.069)

(0.005,0.007)

(0.044,0.057)

(0.057,0.075)

(0.050,0.066)

(0.057,0.075)

A₄₂

(0.250,0.411)

(0.052,0.086)

(0.005,0.009)

(0.057,0.095)

(0.037,0.060)

(0.057,0.095)

A₄₃

(0.261,0.500)

(0.055,0.105)

(0.053,0.102)

(0.060,0.115)

(0.030,0.058)

(0.005,0.010)

(0.060,0.115)

A₅₁

(0.400,0.589)

(0.091,0.134)

(0.100,0.148)

(0.083,0.122)

(0.040,0.059)

(0.009,0.013)

(0.100,0.148)

A₅₂

(0.142,0.200)

(0.032,0.046)

(0.003,0.005)

(0.036,0.050)

(0.019,0.027)

(0.036,0.050)

A₅₃

(0.234,0.400)

(0.053,0.091)

(0.005,0.009)

(0.032,0.055)

(0.059,0.100)

年份
3.126	1.145	1.438	2.291
2.471	0.760	1.693	3.075
3.129	1.309	1.195	2.367
3.500	1.914	1.257	1.329
3.107	1.180	1.492	2.221
2.391	1.017	1.818	2.773

综合劣度

年份

2020年

2021年

2022年

2023年

3.126

1.145

1.438

2.291

2.471

0.760

1.693

3.075

3.129

1.309

1.195

2.367

3.500

1.914

1.257

1.329

3.107

1.180

1.492

2.221

2.391

1.017

1.818

2.773