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Article(id=1322158450663084953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322158299525530318, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723046400000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793156739154, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1753372800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793156739154, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793156739154, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793156739154, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322158299525530318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, year='2025', volume='45', issue='7', pageStart='1', pageEnd='280', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1753372800000', pubDateStr='2025-07-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793156703120, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793158832445, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322167230608028625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322158299525530318, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322167230608028626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, issueId=1322158299525530318, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=258, endPage=265, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322158451069932442, articleId=1322158450663084953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on the Cassiterite Flotation with a New Type of Auxiliary Collector SN-F, columnId=null, journalTitle=Mining Research and Development, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

As an auxiliary collector, tributyl phosphate has lots of shortcomings, such as high sensitivity to process conditions, unstable foam, low recovery rate and high reagent consumption in cassiterite flotation of a concentrator in Yunnan. In order to solve these problems, a new type of auxiliary collector SN-F was developed. The adaptability of two auxiliary collectors under different slurry pH, flotation concentration, grinding fineness and aeration rate was compared and investigated through conditional and industrial experiments. The results show that SN-F performs the best when the slurry pH is 6–8 and the slurry mass concentration is 45%. The recovery effect of cassiterite adding SN-F under the condition of grinding fineness of －37 μm accounting for 72.11% is significantly better than that adding tributyl phosphate. The industrial test results show that SN-F can increase the cassiterite recovery rate by 10.69 percentage points, improve the concentrate grade by 0.63 percentage points, and reduce the reagent cost by 34.31%. The auxiliary collection capacity and foam stability are good, and the adaptability to complex slurry is stronger, providing an economical and feasible solution for the efficient separation of fine-grained cassiterite.

, authors=Guihong CAI1, Zijiang ZHANG2, Zuzhong LI3, authorsList=Guihong CAI, Zijiang ZHANG, Zuzhong LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322158454672839601, articleId=1322158450663084953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, language=CN, title=新型辅助捕收剂SN-F浮选锡石的试验研究, columnId=1226462297560892399, journalTitle=矿业研究与开发, columnName=选矿与资源综合利用, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对云南某选厂锡石浮选中磷酸三丁酯辅助捕收剂对工艺条件敏感、泡沫不稳定、回收率低及药剂用量高等问题，开发了一种新型辅助捕收剂SN-F。通过条件试验和工业试验，对比考察了两种辅助捕收剂在不同矿浆pH、矿浆质量浓度、磨矿细度及充气量等条件下的适应性。结果表明，SN-F在矿浆pH为6∼8和矿浆质量浓度为45%时表现最佳，对磨矿细度－37 μm占比72.11%锡石的回收效果显著优于磷酸三丁酯。工业试验结果表明，SN-F可提高锡石回收率10.69个百分点，提升精矿品位0.63个百分点，同时降低药剂成本34.31%，辅助捕收能力与泡沫稳定性良好，对复杂矿泥适应性更强，为细粒锡石的高效分选提供了经济可行的解决方案。

, authors=蔡贵红1, 张自江2, 李祖忠3, authorsList=蔡贵红, 张自江, 李祖忠, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

蔡贵红（1989—），男，云南昆明人，工程师，主要研究方向为浮选药剂的研究与应用。E-mail:

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蔡贵红（1989—），男，云南昆明人，工程师，主要研究方向为浮选药剂的研究与应用。E-mail:

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蔡贵红（1989—），男，云南昆明人，工程师，主要研究方向为浮选药剂的研究与应用。E-mail:

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Mining and Metallurgy, 2019, 28(2):17-22., articleTitle=Development and prospects of cassiterite flotation technology and reagent, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322158454882554802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322158454890943411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, companyId=1322158454882554802, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Yunnan Runkuang Mining Technology Development Co., Ltd., Kunming, Yunnan 652103, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322158454895137716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, companyId=1322158454882554802, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.云南润矿矿业科技开发有限公司，云南　昆明　652103)]), 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=CN, label=图11, caption=工业试验指标统计对比结果, figureFileSmall=zRj0kbueZLYI6ZjkvUt61A==, figureFileBig=YBnbbCdfxPMgT+P60pr5kQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322158460024771560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Multi element analysis results of raw ore

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SnCuZnFeS
0.2830.0070.0319.130.287
Al2O3CaOAsSiO2MgO
2.376.250.01431.047.47
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460138017769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

矿石化学多元素分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
SnCuZnFeS
0.2830.0070.0319.130.287
Al2O3CaOAsSiO2MgO
2.376.250.01431.047.47
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460242875370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Particle size analysis results of ore sample

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒级/μm产率/%Sn品位/%Sn分布率/%
+741.330.0890.42
+45~－7415.200.1045.58
+37~－4511.360.1044.97
－3772.110.35089.03
合计100.000.283100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460347732971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

矿样粒度分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒级/μm产率/%Sn品位/%Sn分布率/%
+741.330.0890.42
+45~－7415.200.1045.58
+37~－4511.360.1044.97
－3772.110.35089.03
合计100.000.283100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460435813356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of open circuit test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
辅助捕收剂名称产率/%Sn品位/%Sn回收率/%
磷酸三丁酯精矿2.534.47039.75
中23.341.69019.82
中113.470.30514.42
扫14.330.2873.37
扫23.380.1832.17
尾矿72.950.07620.47
合计100.000.285100.00
SN-F精矿1.926.41043.61
中22.972.26223.82
中113.920.21410.57
扫14.170.2323.43
扫23.820.1421.93
尾矿73.200.06416.64
合计100.000.281100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460557448173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

开路试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
辅助捕收剂名称产率/%Sn品位/%Sn回收率/%
磷酸三丁酯精矿2.534.47039.75
中23.341.69019.82
中113.470.30514.42
扫14.330.2873.37
扫23.380.1832.17
尾矿72.950.07620.47
合计100.000.285100.00
SN-F精矿1.926.41043.61
中22.972.26223.82
中113.920.21410.57
扫14.170.2323.43
扫23.820.1421.93
尾矿73.200.06416.64
合计100.000.281100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460687471598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of closed circuit test

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
辅助捕收剂样品名称产率/%Sn品位/%Sn回收率/%
磷酸三丁酯锡精矿2.604.28074.71
尾矿97.400.07525.29
合计100.000.282100.00
SN-F锡精矿3.444.44076.90
尾矿96.560.06923.10
合计100.000.284100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460800717807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

闭路试验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
辅助捕收剂样品名称产率/%Sn品位/%Sn回收率/%
磷酸三丁酯锡精矿2.604.28074.71
尾矿97.400.07525.29
合计100.000.282100.00
SN-F锡精矿3.444.44076.90
尾矿96.560.06923.10
合计100.000.284100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322158460905575408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Comparison results of the relative costs of mineral feeding agents with different assistant collectors (元/t)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组分混合捕收剂+磷酸三丁酯混合捕收剂+SN-F
混合捕收剂33.1413.89
SN-F—9.00
P860.86—
氢氧化钠—0.35
纯碱1.38—
合计35.3823.24
), ArticleFig(id=1322158461031404529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225396423026438145, articleId=1322158450663084953, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同辅助捕收剂相对给矿药剂成本对比结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组分混合捕收剂+磷酸三丁酯混合捕收剂+SN-F
混合捕收剂33.1413.89
SN-F—9.00
P860.86—
氢氧化钠—0.35
纯碱1.38—
合计35.3823.24
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新型辅助捕收剂SN-F浮选锡石的试验研究
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蔡贵红 1 , 张自江 2 , 李祖忠 3
矿业研究与开发 | 选矿与资源综合利用 2025,45(7): 258-265
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矿业研究与开发 |选矿与资源综合利用 2025 , 45 (7) : 258 -265
新型辅助捕收剂SN-F浮选锡石的试验研究
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蔡贵红1 , 张自江2, 李祖忠3
作者信息
  • 1.云南润矿矿业科技开发有限公司，云南　昆明　652103
  • 2.云南华联锌铟股份有限公司，云南　文山壮族苗族自治州　663701
  • 3.青岛鑫润矿业科技有限公司，山东　青岛市　266041
作者简介:

蔡贵红（1989—），男，云南昆明人，工程师，主要研究方向为浮选药剂的研究与应用。E-mail:

Experimental Study on the Cassiterite Flotation with a New Type of Auxiliary Collector SN-F
Guihong CAI1 , Zijiang ZHANG2, Zuzhong LI3
Affiliations
  • 1.Yunnan Runkuang Mining Technology Development Co., Ltd., Kunming, Yunnan 652103, China
  • 2.Yunnan Hualian Zinc & Indium Co., Ltd., Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan 663701, China
  • 3.Qingdao Xinrun Mining Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266041, China
出版时间: 2025-07-25
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摘要
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针对云南某选厂锡石浮选中磷酸三丁酯辅助捕收剂对工艺条件敏感、泡沫不稳定、回收率低及药剂用量高等问题，开发了一种新型辅助捕收剂SN-F。通过条件试验和工业试验，对比考察了两种辅助捕收剂在不同矿浆pH、矿浆质量浓度、磨矿细度及充气量等条件下的适应性。结果表明，SN-F在矿浆pH为6∼8和矿浆质量浓度为45%时表现最佳，对磨矿细度－37 μm占比72.11%锡石的回收效果显著优于磷酸三丁酯。工业试验结果表明，SN-F可提高锡石回收率10.69个百分点，提升精矿品位0.63个百分点，同时降低药剂成本34.31%，辅助捕收能力与泡沫稳定性良好，对复杂矿泥适应性更强，为细粒锡石的高效分选提供了经济可行的解决方案。

锡石浮选  /  辅助捕收剂  /  细粒级锡石  /  捕收能力

As an auxiliary collector, tributyl phosphate has lots of shortcomings, such as high sensitivity to process conditions, unstable foam, low recovery rate and high reagent consumption in cassiterite flotation of a concentrator in Yunnan. In order to solve these problems, a new type of auxiliary collector SN-F was developed. The adaptability of two auxiliary collectors under different slurry pH, flotation concentration, grinding fineness and aeration rate was compared and investigated through conditional and industrial experiments. The results show that SN-F performs the best when the slurry pH is 6–8 and the slurry mass concentration is 45%. The recovery effect of cassiterite adding SN-F under the condition of grinding fineness of －37 μm accounting for 72.11% is significantly better than that adding tributyl phosphate. The industrial test results show that SN-F can increase the cassiterite recovery rate by 10.69 percentage points, improve the concentrate grade by 0.63 percentage points, and reduce the reagent cost by 34.31%. The auxiliary collection capacity and foam stability are good, and the adaptability to complex slurry is stronger, providing an economical and feasible solution for the efficient separation of fine-grained cassiterite.

Cassiterite flotation  /  Auxiliary collector  /  Fine-grained cassiterite  /  Collection capacity
蔡贵红, 张自江, 李祖忠. 新型辅助捕收剂SN-F浮选锡石的试验研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2025 , 45 (7) : 258 -265 .
Guihong CAI, Zijiang ZHANG, Zuzhong LI. Experimental Study on the Cassiterite Flotation with a New Type of Auxiliary Collector SN-F[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2025 , 45 (7) : 258 -265 .
正文
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0　引言
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锡石作为一种重要的金属矿产资源，其产品广泛应用于电子、化工、冶金等领域。传统用于锡石浮选的技术主要分为两大类：重选浮选法和磨浮分离方法[1-7]。在重选和浮选的操作流程中，通常使用重选摇床和浮选机进行初步的分选。这种技术操作简便，且设备成本经济，尤其适合于矿石品质优良、矿物构成相对简单的场景。然而，由于锡石资源的复杂性，其浮选过程存在诸多问题，如浮选效率低、成本高等，传统工艺中关于锡石的浮选技术同样面临着若干挑战。传统的锡石浮选药剂在细粒级锡石及其伴生矿物的选择性分离方面表现欠佳，难以实现优质的浮选提质效果。因此，为了满足对锡石资源的持续增长的需求，并在降低生产费用及有效提升锡石浮选回收效率、实现资源高效利用等方面作出贡献，传统的锡石浮选药剂迫切需要进行优化与完善[8-14]。本文研发了一种新型锡石浮选辅助捕收剂SN-F, SN-F采用直链高碳醇和长链酯类复配，可以兼顾辅助捕收能力和起泡性的同时有较好的消泡效果。实验室小型试验及工业试验证明SN-F对锡石具有较强的辅助捕收作用，同时还能有效降低捕收剂的用量。
1　试验样品与方法
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1.1　试验样品
试验矿样取自云南某选厂细粒锡石浮选段，试验矿样多元素分析及粒度分析结果见表1和表2。通过MLA检测分析发现，矿样中脉石矿物含量较多且丰富，主要脉石矿物有石英、绿泥石、滑石等硅酸盐类矿物，黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等硫化矿物，以及方解石、透辉石等矿物，其中目的矿物锡石与磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿紧密连生，较难分离。由表2可知，矿样中 －37 μm粒级占比达72.11%，锡金属主要分布于 －37 μm粒级中，占比达89.03%，属于微细粒嵌布难选型锡矿[15-16]。
1.2　试验药剂与方法
试验样品是现场脱硫除铁尾矿，即锡石浮选给矿。捕收剂由混合碳链羟肟酸SN-705与苯甲羟肟酸按1:1的比例配置而成。在矿浆中加入锡石捕收剂搅拌3 min，之后分别添加不同辅助捕收剂搅拌2 min，采用单因素试验法进行浮选对比试验。辅助捕收剂分别为磷酸三丁酯原液和新型辅助捕收剂SN-F，起泡剂为2#油。试验流程见图1。
浮选试验主要考察SN-F辅助捕收剂与传统辅助捕收剂磷酸三丁酯对锡石浮选效果的影响。试验过程中，使用XFG型挂槽式浮选机进行浮选试验，记录浮选各个产品的质量、产率、品位等相关数据[17-18]。
2　试验结果与讨论
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2.1　试验条件
2.1.1　矿浆pH条件试验
先固定捕收剂500 g/t与辅助捕收剂用量100 g/t不变，设矿浆质量浓度为45 %, 搅拌转速为1 992 r/min, 分别采用氨基磺酸和氢氧化钠调整不同的矿浆pH进行试验，考察不同辅助捕收剂在不同矿浆pH条件下对指标的影响，试验结果见图2。
由图2可知，矿浆pH在6~8区间时，浮选指标较为理想，随着矿浆pH的提高，浮选回收率和精矿指标均呈先上升后下降的趋势，当矿浆pH低于6或大于8时，浮选指标均大幅下降，表明SN-F和磷酸三丁酯在弱酸和强碱条件下的捕收作用效率较低。在相同条件下，SN-F的浮选指标均优于磷酸三丁酯，表明SN-F的适应性要强于磷酸三丁酯。
2.1.2　矿浆质量浓度条件试验
固定捕收剂500 g/t与辅助捕收剂用量100 g/t不变，设矿浆pH为6~8，搅拌转速为1 992 r/min, 分别配置不同浓度的矿浆进行试验，考察不同辅助捕收剂在不同矿浆质量浓度条件下对指标的影响，试验结果见图3。
矿浆质量浓度是影响锡石浮选效果的重要因素之一。试验结果表明，随着矿浆质量浓度的增加，锡石的浮选效率先提高后降低。当矿浆质量浓度为45%时，锡石的浮选效率达到最佳。添加辅助捕收剂SN-F可以获得回收率69.32%、精矿品位1.139%的最佳指标，优于添加磷酸三丁酯获得的回收率67.82%、精矿品位1.054%指标。因此，在实际浮选过程中，应根据锡石的性质和浮选条件，选择合适的矿浆质量浓度。
2.1.3　磨矿细度条件试验
固定捕收剂500 g/t与辅助捕收剂用量100 g/t不变，设矿浆pH为6~8，矿浆质量浓度为45%，搅拌转速为 1 992 r/min，分别取现场生产流程不同磨矿细度矿样进行试验，考察不同辅助捕收剂在不同磨矿细度条件下对指标的影响，试验结果见图4。
由图4可知，随着入选矿样－0.037 mm含量的提高，添加SN-F的浮选回收率呈先上升后小幅度下降的趋势，而添加磷酸三丁酯的回收率先提高后大幅度降低；两者的精矿品位均随－0.037 mm含量的提高而降低。磨矿细度决定了矿物颗粒的大小，直接影响到矿物颗粒与气泡的附着能力。当磨矿细度较粗时，矿物颗粒较大，其与气泡的接触面积较小，附着能力较弱，可能导致浮选效率降低；当磨矿细度较细时，矿物颗粒较小，细粒矿物颗粒在浮选过程中容易形成矿泥，从而恶化浮选指标[19]。试验过程中随着矿样－0.037 mm含量的提高，矿泥含量增大，在加入等量辅助捕收剂后，SN-F泡沫比较稳定，未出现泡沫发黏、脉石夹带严重的现象。而加入磷酸三丁酯后泡沫严重发黏，杂质和脉石夹带极为严重，导致分选效率较差，整体指标急剧下降。从试验结果可以得出，当磨矿细度－0.037 mm含量控制在68%~ 72%时，浮选指标较为理想。SN-F作为辅助捕收剂时，适当提高矿石磨矿细度可以有效提高浮选回收率，同时对矿泥的适应性较好，不会因为矿泥含量的增加导致指标大幅度下降；使用磷酸三丁酯作为辅助捕收剂时，则需严格控制好磨矿细度，浮选指标受其影响较大。
2.1.4　充气量条件试验
固定捕收剂500 g/t与辅助捕收剂用量100 g/t不变，设矿浆pH为6~8，矿浆质量浓度为45%，搅拌转速为1 992 r/min，分别调整浮选机不同充气量进行试验，考察不同辅助捕收剂在不同充气量条件下对指标的影响，试验结果见图5。
由图5可知，随着浮选机充气量的提高，添加SN-F的浮选回收率呈上升趋势，而添加磷酸三丁酯的回收率先提高后降低；两者的精矿品位均随充气量的提高而降低。充气量不仅影响浮选指标，还会影响浮选泡沫的形态。试验过程中随着充气量提高，泡沫量增大，在加入等量辅助捕收剂的条件下，SN-F泡沫层比较稳定，未出现矿化较差的空泡；而磷酸三丁酯泡沫量过于丰富，出现严重“跑槽”现象，导致浮选效率较差，整体指标急剧下降。从试验结果看，SN-F作为辅助捕收剂时提高充气量可以有效提高浮选回收率，而使用磷酸三丁酯时受充气量影响较大。
2.1.5　捕收剂与辅助捕收剂配比试验
固定捕收剂与辅助捕收剂的总用量640 g/t不变，设置矿浆质量浓度为45%，搅拌转速为1 992 r/min，采用捕收剂：辅助捕收剂分别为5:1,4:1,3:1,2:1,1:2，调整不同的药剂用量比例进行试验，考察捕收剂与辅助捕收剂在不同配比条件下对指标的影响，试验结果见图6。
由图6可知，在捕收剂与辅助捕收剂总用量不变的条件下，随着辅助捕收剂SN-F比例的增加，浮选回收率呈下降趋势，但幅度较为平缓，精矿品位呈上升趋势。而使用磷酸三丁酯作为辅助捕收剂时，精矿品位呈上升趋势，浮选回收率呈下降趋势，随着磷酸三丁酯占比的增大，回收率大幅度下降。当捕收剂：辅助捕收剂= 2:1时，添加SN-F的回收率为78.16%、精矿品位为1.471%，高于添加磷酸三丁酯所获得的回收率74.16%、精矿品位为1.371%的指标。
2.1.6　辅助捕收剂用量试验
固定捕收剂总用量640 g/t不变，设置矿浆质量浓度为45%，矿浆pH为6~8，搅拌转速为1 992 r/min，进行磷酸三丁酯和SN-F用量条件试验，试验结果见图7。
由图7可知，在捕收剂用量相同时，随着辅助捕收剂用量增加，添加SN-F后浮选回收率呈上升趋势而后趋于平缓，精矿品位呈下降趋势而后逐渐平缓；而添加磷酸三丁酯后精矿品位呈先下降后上升的趋势，浮选回收率呈先上升后下降的趋势，随着辅助捕收剂用量的增大，虽然精矿品位有所提升，但回收率下降幅度也较大。当药剂用量为80 g/t时，添加SN-F的回收率为71.52%，高于使用磷酸三丁酯时所获得的最高回收率69.58%，两者精矿品位基本相近。提高用量到120 g/t，添加SN-F指标变化不大，而添加磷酸三丁酯的回收率有明显下降趋势。
2.2　开路试验
开路试验采用一粗两精两扫，试验中先固定捕收剂500 g/t + 100 g/t + 40 g/t与辅助捕收剂用量80 g/t + 20 g/t + 10 g/t不变，设置矿浆pH为6~8，矿浆质量浓度为45%，搅拌转速为1 992 r/min，进一步考察不同辅助捕收剂在相同条件下对指标的影响，流程如图8所示，试验结果见表3。
由表3可知，使用SN-F作为辅助捕收剂时，可获得精矿品位为6.41%和开路回收率43.61%的试验指标，优于使用磷酸三丁酯作为辅助捕收剂时所获得的精矿品位为4.47%和开路回收率为39.75%的试验指标。
2.3　闭路试验
在开路试验的基础上，进行了闭路试验，试验中先固定捕收剂总量640 g/t与辅助捕收剂用量110 g/t不变，设置矿浆pH为6~8，矿浆质量浓度为45%，搅拌转速为1 992 r/min等相关条件不变，对比采用不同种类辅助捕收剂的试验指标情况，试验流程如图9所示，试验结果见表4。
由表4可知，使用SN-F作为辅助捕收剂时，一粗两精两扫闭路流程可获得精矿品位为4.44%和回收率为76.90%的试验指标，优于使用磷酸三丁酯作为辅助捕收剂时所获得的精矿品位为4.28%和回收率为74.71%的试验指标。
2.4　工业试验
在确保生产流程稳定、设备正常运行、相关指标稳定的情况下进行了工业试验。对云南某选厂的细粒级锡石浮选两轮辅助捕收剂为期14 d的生产指标进行对比统计，工业试验流程如图10所示，工业试验指标统计对比结果如图11所示。
从图11可以看出，细粒级锡石在捕收剂相同的条件下，使用新型辅助捕收剂SN-F得到了较好的生产指标，将生产统计指标加权平均后得出平均回收率为68.28%，平均锡精矿品位为2.78%，相较于使用磷酸三丁酯的平均回收率57.59%和平均锡精矿品位2.15%分别提高了10.69个百分点和0.63个百分点，有效提高了细粒级锡石选别回收率和锡精矿品位。
3　经济效益分析
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根据工业试验生产指标，对生产现场的细粒级锡石浮选及药剂成本进行核算，使用不同辅助捕收剂相对给矿的药剂成本对比结果见表5。
由表5结果可知，使用新型辅助捕收剂SN-F后，锡石浮选捕收剂总成本与使用磷酸三丁酯相比从35.38 元/t下降至23.24 元/t，降低了12.14 元/t，成本下降34.31%。按选厂锡石浮选处理量2 000 t/d初步估算，每年降低的成本为801.24 万元，降本效果较为明显。
4　结论
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（1）SN-F辅助捕收剂搭配原混合捕收剂对细粒锡石具有良好的选别效果，相较于使用磷酸三丁酯作为辅助捕收剂，使用SN-F辅助捕收剂后工业试验的回收率提高了10.69个百分点，锡精矿品位提高了0.63个百分点，可有效提高细粒级锡石选别回收率和锡精矿品位。
（2）SN-F辅助捕收剂对矿浆pH、磨矿细度、充气量、矿浆质量浓度等浮选条件的适应性更强，指标更加稳定。
（3）SN-F辅助捕收剂搭配原混合捕收剂，相较于使用磷酸三丁酯作为辅助捕收剂时，锡石浮选捕收剂成本从35.38 元/t下降至23.24 元/t，降低12.14 元/t，成本下降34.31%，降本增效效果显著，对同类选厂具有借鉴价值。

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  • 接收时间：2024-08-08
  • 首发时间：2026-10-28
  • 出版时间：2025-07-25
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  • 收稿日期：2024-08-08
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    1.云南润矿矿业科技开发有限公司，云南　昆明　652103
    2.云南华联锌铟股份有限公司，云南　文山壮族苗族自治州　663701
    3.青岛鑫润矿业科技有限公司，山东　青岛市　266041
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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