矿业研究与开发

某滨海沉积型锆砂矿矿物赋存规律及离心抛废可行性研究

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李佩昱 ¹^,² , 孙大勇 ¹^,²^,³ , 祁忠旭 ¹^,²^,³ , 王龙 ¹^,² , 雷志兰 ¹^,² , 欧阳林莉 ¹^,⁴

矿业研究与开发 | 选矿与资源综合利用 2026,46(9): 292-301

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矿业研究与开发 |选矿与资源综合利用 2026 , 46 (9) : 292 -301

某滨海沉积型锆砂矿矿物赋存规律及离心抛废可行性研究

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李佩昱¹^,², 孙大勇¹^,²^,³, 祁忠旭¹^,²^,³, 王龙¹^,², 雷志兰¹^,², 欧阳林莉¹^,⁴

作者信息

^1．长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司，湖南长沙　410012

^2．国家金属采矿工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙　410012

^3．湖南省矿山固废综合利用工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙　410012

^4．战略性稀有金属矿产高效开发国家技术创新中心，湖南长沙　410012

作者简介:

李佩昱（1994—），男，陕西安康人，博士，工程师，主要从事战略稀有矿产资源高效分选研究。E-mail:lpy_7817285@163.com

Study on Mineral Occurrence Regularity and Feasibility of Centrifugal Waste Discarding for a Coastal Sedimentary Zircon Placer

Peiyu Li¹^,², Dayong Sun¹^,²^,³, Zhongxu Qi¹^,²^,³, Long Wang¹^,², Zhilan Lei¹^,², Linli Ouyang¹^,⁴

Affiliations

^1.Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410012, China

^2.National Engineering Research Center for Metal Mining, Changsha, Hunan 410012, China

^3.Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Mine Solid Waste, Changsha, Hunan 410012, China

^4.National Technological Innovation Center for Efficient Development of Strategic Rare Metal Mineral Resources, Changsha, Hunan 410012, China

出版时间: 2026-09-25

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摘要

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针对海南某滨浅海低品位锆铪砂矿开采分选难题，采用X射线衍射、矿物解离分析仪、扫描电子显微-能谱仪等检测手段系统开展工艺矿物学研究，阐明矿石化学组分、矿物组成、有价矿物嵌布粒度与赋存规律，并利用自制LX-60型立式旋流离心机，开展预先筛分-离心预选抛废可行性研究。结果表明，原矿ZrO₂品位仅0.105 0%，有用矿物锆石仅占0.14%，石英、长石等轻质脉石含量高达86.60%；75%的锆石为粒径0.04~0.20 mm的单体，与脉石密度差异显著，适宜重选抛废，25%的锆石为粒径小于0.05 mm的石英、长石、钛铁矿包裹体，该部分细粒包裹体易导致金属流失；钛铁矿嵌布粒度粗于锆石，重选时同步富集。在预先筛除+0.15 mm粗粒物料后，筛下物料在离心力80g、反冲洗水量4 L/min、给矿量80 g条件下经一次粗选，可获得ZrO₂品位0.483 6%、作业回收率95.50%的预选粗精矿。筛分-离心联合流程锆金属总回收率达93.37%，对原矿总损失率仅6.63%，该工艺实现了大量轻质脉石的高效抛除与锆矿物的预先富集，具备海上原位预选抛废的潜在适用性，可为同类型极低品位锆砂矿预选抛废提供技术支撑。

关键词

海滨砂矿 / 工艺矿物学 / 嵌布粒度 / 锆石 / 离心抛废

Abstract

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To address the mining and separation difficulties of a low-grade zircon-hafnium placer in a coastal shallow sea of Hainan, a systematic process mineralogy study was conducted using analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, mineral liberation analyzer (MLA), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The chemical composition of the ore, mineral composition, dissemination size of valuable minerals, and mineral occurrence characteristics were clarified. Furthermore, a feasibility study on pre-screening and centrifugal tailing discarding was carried out using a self-made LX-60 vertical cyclone centrifuge. The results indicate that the ZrO₂ grade of the raw ore is only 0.105 0%, the valuable mineral zircon accounts for only 0.14%, and the content of light gangues such as quartz and feldspar is up to 86.60%. 75% of zircons are monomer with particle size of 0.04-0.20 mm, showing a significant specific density difference from the gangues, which is suitable for gravity separation waste discarding. 25% of zircons contain quartz, feldspar, and ilmenite inclusions with particle sizes less than 0.05 mm. This part of fine inclusions is easy to cause metal loss. The dissemination size of ilmenite is coarser than that of zircon, and it is synchronously enriched during gravity separation. After pre-screening out the +0.15 mm coarse material, the undersize material undergoes one-stage roughing under the conditions of a centrifugal force of 80g, a backwash water flow rate of 4 L/min, and a feeding amount of 80 g, yielding a pre-selected rough concentrate with a ZrO₂ grade of 0.483 6% and an operation recovery of 95.50%. The total zirconium recovery of the combined screening-centrifugation process reaches 93.37%, and the total loss rate to the raw ore is only 6.63%. This process achieves the efficient discarding of massive light gangues and the pre-concentration of zircon minerals, demonstrates potential applicability for offshore in-situ pre-selection tailing discarding, and can provide technical support for the pre-selection tailing discarding of similar extremely low-grade zircon placers.

Key words

Coastal placer / Process mineralogy / Dissemination particle size / Zircon / Centrifugal waste discarding

引用本文

李佩昱, 孙大勇, 祁忠旭, 王龙, 雷志兰, 欧阳林莉. 某滨海沉积型锆砂矿矿物赋存规律及离心抛废可行性研究. 矿业研究与开发, 2026 , 46 (9) : 292 -301 .

Peiyu Li, Dayong Sun, Zhongxu Qi, Long Wang, Zhilan Lei, Linli Ouyang. Study on Mineral Occurrence Regularity and Feasibility of Centrifugal Waste Discarding for a Coastal Sedimentary Zircon Placer[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2026 , 46 (9) : 292 -301 .

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深地国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1009000; 2025ZD1009004)

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2026年第46卷第9期

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接收时间：2026-03-23
首发时间：2026-10-27
出版时间：2026-09-25

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收稿日期：2026-03-23

基金

深地国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1009000; 2025ZD1009004)

作者信息

^1．长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司，湖南长沙　410012

^2．国家金属采矿工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙　410012

^3．湖南省矿山固废综合利用工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙　410012

^4．战略性稀有金属矿产高效开发国家技术创新中心，湖南长沙　410012

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kyyjykf/CN/1321897372372812233

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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