Article(id=1209816727697879450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1209811339510411616, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407035, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1726761600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-20, revisedDate=1766160000000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766372385191, onlineDateStr=2025-12-22, pubDate=1751904000000, pubDateStr=2025-07-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766372385191, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766372385191, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766372385191, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1209811339510411616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='19', pageStart='7885', pageEnd='8315', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766371100547, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766373228996, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1209820266960654935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1209811339510411616, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1209820266960654936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1209811339510411616, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=8218, endPage=8225, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1209816728113115561, articleId=1209816727697879450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Seismic Response of Prefabricated Subway Station Structures in Slightly Inclined Liquefiable Sites, columnId=1209816723763630312, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers∙Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The applicability of prefabricated subway station structures in inclined liquefiable sites was investigated. Based on the actual project of Shuangfeng subway station in Changchun City, the finite difference software FLAC3D was used to carry out the seismic response analysis of prefabricated subway station structures in liquefiable soil, for example, the pore water pressure of the foundation, the lateral motion of the liquefied soil, the dynamic response and uplift characteristics of the subway station structure, and the deformation characteristics of the prefabricated subway station structures were analyzed. The results show that the negative pore pressure phenomenon of pore water pressure on both sides of prefabricated subway station under inclined liquefiable site conditions is present, and the phenomenon becomes more obvious the closer the location of the station structure is to the station, and at the same time, the negative pore pressure of the soil on the left side of the structure (uphill) is significantly greater than that on the right side (downhill). The further away the foundation soil is from the station structure, the more pronounced the liquefaction is. The phenomenon of lateral slippage of the surrounding soil is significantly suppressed by prefabricated subway station structures. The principal stresses in the upslope sidewall (member C1) are greater than those in the downslope sidewall (member C2), and the principal stresses at the bottom of the upslope sidewall of the structure are greatest, so the upslope sidewall of the structure should be given priority in the seismic design.

, correspAuthors=Jun-hai AN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen-bo LI, Qiao-feng LIU, Fei GUO, Jun-hai AN, Yan-hua ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1209816732701684365, articleId=1209816727697879450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=微倾斜可液化场地中装配式地铁车站结构地震响应, columnId=1209816724011094258, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文∙建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了研究装配式地铁车站结构在倾斜可液化场地中的适用性,基于长春双丰站的工程实际,采用有限差分软件FLAC3D开展了可液化地层中装配式地铁车站结构的地震响应分析,分析了地基孔隙水压力、液化土体侧移、地铁车站结构的动力反应与上浮特征及装配式地铁车站结构的变形特点等。结果表明,倾斜可液化场地条件下装配式地铁车站两侧孔隙水压力呈现出靠近车站结构位置出现明显的负孔压现象,且结构左侧(上坡向)土体的负孔压明显大于右侧(下坡向);地基土体距离车站结构越远,液化现象越明显;装配式地铁车站结构对周围土体侧移流滑有明显的抑制作用;上坡向侧墙(构件C1)主应力大于下坡向侧墙(构件C2),且结构上坡向侧墙底部主应力最大,因此在抗震设计时应重点注意结构上坡向侧墙。

, correspAuthors=安军海, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*安军海(1987—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,博士,副教授。研究方向:地下结构抗震。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=UZyu8mYpgxPkV4Rw1EtdJw==, magXml=RcG4Jkb3KK7Kiv7E149WfA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=ifv5XsbklTMh5XtUYOOWYg==, pdfFileSize=12460243, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=aOmaxL2JkjjRipWdWC2enA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=tADSOu4fyZDAe7Vm3u9BKA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

李文博(1985—),男,汉族,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,高级工程师。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

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李文博(1985—),男,汉族,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,高级工程师。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

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李文博(1985—),男,汉族,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,高级工程师。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

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caption=车站结构底板竖向位移, figureFileSmall=Bbzx/wmPAV/SZPQ+hKHLrQ==, figureFileBig=VNRmkf1T/EyJAnywZk9W4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209885588539437374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Physical-mechanical parameters of soil layers at the site

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材料名称 厚度/m 体积模量/kPa 剪切模量/GPa 泊松比μ 内摩擦角φ/(°) 黏聚力c/kPa 密度ρ/(kg·m-3) 液化参数
人工填土 2.5 3×107 1×107 0.35 25 5 1 900
饱和粉细砂 30 2×107 7×106 0.30 35 0 1 800 Finn,
C1=0.80,
C2=0.79,
C3=0.45,
C4=0.73
黏土 5 2.65×107 1.52×107 0.28 10.5 25 2 000
卵石 15 3×108 2×108 0.22 35 0 2 100
), ArticleFig(id=1209885588619129152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

场地土层物理力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
材料名称 厚度/m 体积模量/kPa 剪切模量/GPa 泊松比μ 内摩擦角φ/(°) 黏聚力c/kPa 密度ρ/(kg·m-3) 液化参数
人工填土 2.5 3×107 1×107 0.35 25 5 1 900
饱和粉细砂 30 2×107 7×106 0.30 35 0 1 800 Finn,
C1=0.80,
C2=0.79,
C3=0.45,
C4=0.73
黏土 5 2.65×107 1.52×107 0.28 10.5 25 2 000
卵石 15 3×108 2×108 0.22 35 0 2 100
), ArticleFig(id=1209885588703015236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Physical and mechanical parameters of concrete

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件名称 弹性模量E/GPa 密度ρ/(kg·m-3) 泊松比μ
装配式构件A~E
(C50)
34.5 2 500 0.20
中柱、中板(C45) 33.5 2 500 0.18
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混凝土物理力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件名称 弹性模量E/GPa 密度ρ/(kg·m-3) 泊松比μ
装配式构件A~E
(C50)
34.5 2 500 0.20
中柱、中板(C45) 33.5 2 500 0.18
), ArticleFig(id=1209885588883370312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Parameters of the contact surface unit of the assembly node

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类型 法向刚度/
(Pa· m - 1)
切向刚度/
(Pa· m - 1)
黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(°)
接触 3×1010 3×109 10 15
), ArticleFig(id=1209885588963062090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

装配节点接触面单元参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类型 法向刚度/
(Pa· m - 1)
切向刚度/
(Pa· m - 1)
黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(°)
接触 3×1010 3×109 10 15
), ArticleFig(id=1209885589105668427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Amplitude of principal stress response of structural side walls (members C1 and C2) of assembled subway stations

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
监测点 主应力反应幅值/MPa
最大 最小 最大 最小 最大 最小
LQ1 0.40 -2.61 0.35 -2.71 0.28 -2.91
LQ2 0.23 -2.52 0.23 -2.62 0.63 -2.93
LQ3 1.07 -2.56 1.45 -2.69 1.61 -2.83
LQ4 0.70 -3.14 0.76 -3.56 0.69 -3.81
LQ5 0.33 -3.36 0.21 -3.57 0.24 -3.95
RQ1 0.57 -2.60 0.68 -2.71 1.09 -2.82
RQ2 0.44 -2.48 0.52 -2.61 0.72 -2.81
RQ3 0.63 -0.54 0.50 -0.66 0.40 -0.71
RQ4 0.56 -2.88 0.49 -2.90 0.31 -2.49
RQ5 0.23 -3.12 0.29 -2.89 0.50 -2.67
), ArticleFig(id=1209885589206331724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

地铁车站结构侧墙(构件C1、C2)主应力反应幅值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
监测点 主应力反应幅值/MPa
最大 最小 最大 最小 最大 最小
LQ1 0.40 -2.61 0.35 -2.71 0.28 -2.91
LQ2 0.23 -2.52 0.23 -2.62 0.63 -2.93
LQ3 1.07 -2.56 1.45 -2.69 1.61 -2.83
LQ4 0.70 -3.14 0.76 -3.56 0.69 -3.81
LQ5 0.33 -3.36 0.21 -3.57 0.24 -3.95
RQ1 0.57 -2.60 0.68 -2.71 1.09 -2.82
RQ2 0.44 -2.48 0.52 -2.61 0.72 -2.81
RQ3 0.63 -0.54 0.50 -0.66 0.40 -0.71
RQ4 0.56 -2.88 0.49 -2.90 0.31 -2.49
RQ5 0.23 -3.12 0.29 -2.89 0.50 -2.67
), ArticleFig(id=1209885589332160848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Difference in vertical displacements on both sides of the metro station structure (B1~B9)

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地表倾角/(°) 0 2 4 6
位移差/cm -2.63 0.46 11.81 21.72
), ArticleFig(id=1209885589411852626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816727697879450, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

地铁车站结构两侧竖向位移差(B1~B9)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地表倾角/(°) 0 2 4 6
位移差/cm -2.63 0.46 11.81 21.72
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微倾斜可液化场地中装配式地铁车站结构地震响应
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李文博 1 , 刘巧凤 2 , 郭飞 3 , 安军海 2, * , 张彦华 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文∙建筑科学 2025,25(19): 8218-8225
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科学技术与工程 | 论文∙建筑科学 2025, 25(19): 8218-8225
微倾斜可液化场地中装配式地铁车站结构地震响应
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李文博1 , 刘巧凤2, 郭飞3, 安军海2, * , 张彦华2
作者信息
  • 1 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司, 北京 100371
  • 2 河北科技大学建筑工程学院, 石家庄 050018
  • 3 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司, 北京 100045
  • 李文博(1985—),男,汉族,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,高级工程师。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*安军海(1987—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,博士,副教授。研究方向:地下结构抗震。E-mail:
Seismic Response of Prefabricated Subway Station Structures in Slightly Inclined Liquefiable Sites
Wen-bo LI1 , Qiao-feng LIU2, Fei GUO3, Jun-hai AN2, * , Yan-hua ZHANG2
Affiliations
  • 1 Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100371, China
  • 2 School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
  • 3 Beijing Municipal Construction Co., Ltd., Beijing 100045, China
出版时间: 2025-07-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407035
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为了研究装配式地铁车站结构在倾斜可液化场地中的适用性,基于长春双丰站的工程实际,采用有限差分软件FLAC3D开展了可液化地层中装配式地铁车站结构的地震响应分析,分析了地基孔隙水压力、液化土体侧移、地铁车站结构的动力反应与上浮特征及装配式地铁车站结构的变形特点等。结果表明,倾斜可液化场地条件下装配式地铁车站两侧孔隙水压力呈现出靠近车站结构位置出现明显的负孔压现象,且结构左侧(上坡向)土体的负孔压明显大于右侧(下坡向);地基土体距离车站结构越远,液化现象越明显;装配式地铁车站结构对周围土体侧移流滑有明显的抑制作用;上坡向侧墙(构件C1)主应力大于下坡向侧墙(构件C2),且结构上坡向侧墙底部主应力最大,因此在抗震设计时应重点注意结构上坡向侧墙。

装配式地铁车站  /  液化  /  数值模拟  /  微倾斜场地  /  地震响应

The applicability of prefabricated subway station structures in inclined liquefiable sites was investigated. Based on the actual project of Shuangfeng subway station in Changchun City, the finite difference software FLAC3D was used to carry out the seismic response analysis of prefabricated subway station structures in liquefiable soil, for example, the pore water pressure of the foundation, the lateral motion of the liquefied soil, the dynamic response and uplift characteristics of the subway station structure, and the deformation characteristics of the prefabricated subway station structures were analyzed. The results show that the negative pore pressure phenomenon of pore water pressure on both sides of prefabricated subway station under inclined liquefiable site conditions is present, and the phenomenon becomes more obvious the closer the location of the station structure is to the station, and at the same time, the negative pore pressure of the soil on the left side of the structure (uphill) is significantly greater than that on the right side (downhill). The further away the foundation soil is from the station structure, the more pronounced the liquefaction is. The phenomenon of lateral slippage of the surrounding soil is significantly suppressed by prefabricated subway station structures. The principal stresses in the upslope sidewall (member C1) are greater than those in the downslope sidewall (member C2), and the principal stresses at the bottom of the upslope sidewall of the structure are greatest, so the upslope sidewall of the structure should be given priority in the seismic design.

prefabricated subway station  /  liquefaction  /  numerical simulation  /  slight inclined ground  /  seismic response
李文博, 刘巧凤, 郭飞, 安军海, 张彦华. 微倾斜可液化场地中装配式地铁车站结构地震响应. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (19) : 8218 -8225 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407035
Wen-bo LI, Qiao-feng LIU, Fei GUO, Jun-hai AN, Yan-hua ZHANG. Seismic Response of Prefabricated Subway Station Structures in Slightly Inclined Liquefiable Sites[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (19) : 8218 -8225 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407035
随着中国城市轨道交通的快速发展,装配式地铁车站结构逐渐成为地下结构的建造的主导结构形式,在中国长春、深圳、青岛等地区在地下结构建设中采用了全装配式地铁车站结构。装配式建造技术大大加快了地下结构的建设速度,提高了工程质量,降低了建设过程中对环境的污染,同时,消除了冬季施工隐患,有效的保证了冬季施工质量。然而,与现浇地铁车站结构相比,装配式地铁车站结构由多个预制构件拼装而成,在地震作用下,二者的抗震性能必然存在差异[1]。因此,有必要对装配式地铁车站结构的抗震性能进行进一步研究。
近年来,国内外相关学者对装配式地铁车站结构的抗震性能开展了系列研究。Tao等[2]基于振动台试验研究了围护结构对装配式地铁车站结构抗震性能的影响,发现围护结构有效提高装配式结构的抗变形强度和节点刚度。Liu等[3]、杜修力等[4]开展了地震作用下预制装配式车站构件拼接节点不同连接方式的破坏形态和力学性能试验,发现灌浆套筒区域有明显的刚域效应,试件破坏后裂缝主要分布在套筒上下两端一定范围内。Ding等[5]、陶连金等[6]采用有限元软件Abaqus分析了某预制装配式地铁车站结构在不同场地类别条件下的抗震性能,并对比了结构分别在不同地震波入射角度下的地震响应,研究结果表明,设防地震作用下,预制装配式地铁车站结构比现浇结构具有更好的抗震性能。江志伟等[7]基于数值模拟的方法研究了全装配式和同型现浇车站结构在不同地震强度下的变形、内力和损伤等反应的区别。
以上研究成果从不同角度揭示了装配式车站结构的地震变形模式及破坏机理,但其均是将装配式地下车站结构置于一般地层中,并未考虑可液化地层的影响。地基液化是导致地下结构在地震中发生严重震害的重要威胁之一[8]。在中国城市国道交通的大规模建设中,很多地区的地铁建设穿越可液化地层。
对于倾斜可液化地基中地铁车站结构的抗震性能学者们也进行了大量研究。陈继华等[9]基于振动台试验研究了液化土层表面不同倾角场地的变形特性,研究发现地表倾角较大时,会加大液化地基表面的震陷现象。王瑞等[10]基于数值分析的方法研究了两层三跨地铁车站结构在不同倾斜度的可液化场地中的地震响应。庄海洋等[11]基于振动台试验研究了地表倾角为6°时可液化场地中地铁车站结构与隧道连接部位的地震响应,研究发现,两种结构发生了明显的不均匀上浮现象,可能会加重地震作用下连接部位的破坏。邱宇等[12]基于有限差分软件FLAC3D分析了缓倾斜可液化场地中两层两跨地铁车站结构地震响应规律。
以上研究成果从各自的角度研究了倾斜可液化场地以及地下结构的地震响应规律及破坏机理,但其研究对象都是针对现浇结构进行的,并未考虑装配式地铁车站结构在倾斜可液化场地中的影响。而已有震害及研究成果表明,地震液化引起的土体大变形才是地下结构发生破坏的最主要外部因素[13]。目前,对倾斜可液化地层中装配式地铁车站结构地震响应特性及破坏机理的研究仍尚未见刊,这为其不同地层条件下的进一步推广应用带来巨大挑战。
基于此,现依托长春双丰站(榫槽连接式的装配式地铁车站结构)工程实际,考虑将其置于不同倾角的可液化地层中,基于有限差分软件FLAC3D建立土-装配式地铁车站结构动力相互作用数值分析模型,通过分析全预制装配式地铁车站结构及模型土体的动力特性,深入揭示倾斜可液化场地中装配式车站结构的地震反应规律,以期为其进一步工程应用提供有价值的参考。
长春装配式地铁车站结构为地下两层结构,采用“桩+锚”体系明挖法施工,车站结构宽20.5 m、高17.45 m。车站结构纵向一环一环拼接而成,每环宽度为2 m,每3环设置一根中柱,每环由七块预制构件现场拼装连接,构件之间接头采用榫槽式连接,连接缝隙注入环氧树脂进行密封,除外轮廓外其他部位后浇而成,详细构造尺寸见参考文献[14-15]。图1所示为该车站结构断面示意图[16]
依据长春地铁双丰站结构开展数值模拟分析,采用有限差分软件FLAC3D建立土-地下结构相互作用数值分析模型,模型尺寸设置为160 m×52.5 m×20 m(图2),地铁车站结构中部位置埋深为3 m,其中结构所在的土层为可液化土层,动力计算中模型四周边界采用自由场边界条件,模型底部采用固定约束。模型土体部分最大网格尺寸为1 m,地铁车站结构模型网格进行了加密处理,最小网格尺寸为0.2 m,以保证计算结果的精度。
地铁车站结构断面长为20.5 m,宽为17.45 m,结构外轮廓由5类7个预制构件构成,5类构件编号为A、B(1-2)、C(1-2)、D、E,各装配节点采用榫卯连接,中板、中柱拼装结束后采用混凝土现浇,中板厚度为400 mm,中柱截面尺寸为500 mm×500 mm,如图3所示。
图4为土层分布简图及监测点布置图,设置地表倾斜角度分别为0°、2°、4°、6°四种工况。
计算模型中,饱和粉细砂土层本构采用FLAC3D中的PL-Finn模型,其他土层本构选用Mohr-Coulomb本构模型,土层分布及其物理力学参数见表1,地铁车站结构选用各向同性弹性模型,结构物理力学参数见表2
装配式构件之间的连接处建立接触面,接触面设置采用FLAC3D软件中的导来导去法,来模拟装配式地铁车站结构拼装节点。装配节点接触面单元参数见表3,装配式地铁车站结构节点位置接触面设置如图5所示。
车站结构动力响应受输入地震动的峰值加速度及频谱特性影响明显[18],地震波选用不同频谱特性的长春人工波、Kobe波和EL-Centro波,将地震波峰值加速度分别调整为0.15g、0.25g、0.4g(g为重力加速度)从基岩底部作为水平向地震动输入,持时为30 s。加速度时程曲线及傅里叶谱如图6图7所示。动力计算前,首先获取土-结构相互作用数值模型在重力荷载下的应力状态;并将其最终状态作为动力计算的初始状态平衡地应力,之后输入地震动开展时程分析。
图8所示为输入地震动峰值加速度为0.25g时不同地表倾角下装配式地铁车站结构底板两侧不同位置超孔压比时程曲线(P1和P2分别为结构底板左侧5 m和25 m处土体监测点,P3和P4分别为结构底板右侧5 m和25 m处土体监测点)。从图8中可以看出,靠近结构两侧的土体出现了明显的负孔压现象,结构左侧(上坡向)负孔压明显大于右侧(下坡向),且地表倾角越大负孔压现象越明显。这可能是由于在地震作用下结构上浮导致周围形成排水通道,在动土压力作用下,致使结构两侧产生明显负孔压现象,地表坡度越大结构左侧动土压力越大,结构两侧负孔压也越大。距离车站结构越远,土体超孔压比越大,液化现象越明显,说明在倾斜可液化场地中地下结构的存在依然有抑制周围土体液化的作用。距离车站结构两侧25 m处,地表倾角越大土体超孔压比越小,当地表倾角为2°和4°时,土体上坡向和下坡向均发生液化现象,下坡向液化现象更明显;当地表倾角为6°时,上坡向一侧未液化,下坡向一侧发生了液化现象,这可能是由于上覆土体厚度不同造成的。
图9所示为输入地震动峰值加速度为0.25g时地表不同位置处峰值加速度曲线(横坐标0~20 m处为地铁车站结构所在区域,每隔5 m取一个监测点)。从图9中可以看出,不同地表倾角工况下结构正上方地表峰值加速度都要小于结构侧方,这说明地下结构具有一定的隔震作用。当地表倾角水平时,地表峰值加速度曲线几乎呈对称分布;当地表倾斜时,地表倾角越大,地表峰值加速度越大,且下坡向一侧的地表峰值加速度要明显大于上坡向一侧;这可能由于地表倾斜,地基发生向下坡向的滑移造成的。当地表倾角分别为0°、2°、4°、6°时,装配式地铁车站结构对地表峰值加速度的影响范围分别为地铁车站结构宽度的1.5、2.5、2、2倍;这说明当地表倾角为2°时,装配式地铁车站结构对地表加速度反应的隔震影响范围更大。
图10所示为输入地震动为0.25g时自由场和装配式结构周围地基可液化土体的最大侧向相对位移曲线。从图10中可以看出,地表倾角越大,各工况下土体侧向位移越大;在自由场工况中,不同地表倾角下土体最大侧移都发生在液化土层的顶部,而非自由场工况中,当地表倾角较小(2°)时,多个位置侧向位移最大值出现在液化土层不同埋深处;随着地表倾角的增加,土体侧向位移的最大值几乎都出现在液化土层的顶部。
与自由场工况相比,装配式对地基液化土体侧向位移有抑制作用,其影响范围主要在结构底板埋深以上的区域,且距离车站结构越近,抑制作用越明显;不同位置处液化土体侧向位移随埋深的减小呈现出增加的趋势,甚至因土体流滑造成土体侧向位移的突增。但是,埋深在地铁车站结构底板以上的土体侧移呈现出稳定增长的趋势,侧向位移突增现象主要表现在地铁车站结构底板埋深以下区域。
为了分析地震动作用下倾斜可液化场地对装配式地铁车站结构应力反应的影响,表4所示为输入地震动峰值加速度为0.25g时装配式地铁车站结构左右侧墙(构件C1、C2)主应力反应幅值。表中LQ1~LQ5为上坡向侧墙上的监测点,RQ1~RQ5为下坡向侧墙上的监测点。整体上看,装配式地铁车站结构侧墙的主应力反应幅值随着地表倾角的增加呈现出增大的趋势,结构上坡向侧墙的应力反应幅值均明显大于下坡向侧墙对应位置的应力反应幅值,上坡向侧墙底部LQ5监测点位置处的应力反应最大,因此,以此处为例具体分析两种结构左右侧墙的应力差异。当地表倾角分别为2°、4°和6°时,装配式结构左右侧墙底部(LQ5和RQ5)最大应力比值分别为1.08、1.24、1.48,地表倾角越大,最大应力的比值越大,这是由于地表存在倾角时,地铁车站结构周围土体将发生向下坡向滑移现象,结构两侧的动土压力产生差异,地表倾角越大,结构左侧受到的动土压力越大造成的。
图11所示为输入地震动峰值加速度为0.25g时不同倾角可液化场地中装配式地铁车站结构的最大横向相对位移曲线。由图11可知,随着地表倾角的增加,装配式地铁车站结构的最大相对横向位移逐渐增加,当地表倾角为2°时,车站结构的恒强相对位移较小;当地表倾角增加至4°时,车站结构的横向相对位移明显增大;当地表倾角为6°时,横向相对位移进一步增加,并且结构的剪切变形明显增大;这是由于地表倾角越大,结构左侧(上坡向一侧)土体剪切变形将直接影响到结构的变形,导致结构剪切变形加重。
图12所示为输入地震动峰值加速度0.25g时装配式地铁车站结构底板不同位置处竖向位移曲线,同时,表5所示为结构底板两侧上浮量差(B1~B9)。由此可知,在地震动作用下,地表倾角越大,上浮量差值越大,说明装配式地铁车站受倾斜可液化场地地震液化引起的上浮影响较小。当地表倾角为0°时,车站结构上浮过程中发生了轻微的逆时针方向偏转,这是由于地震波的不对称性,导致结构在上浮的过程中发生偏转[19]。随着坡度的增加,车站结构开始发生顺时针方向偏转,并且坡度越大其偏转越大,倾覆现象越明显。由表5也可以看出,车站结构底板两侧竖向位移差值随着地表坡度的增加而增大,说明地表倾角越大,结构向下坡向(顺时针)倾覆现象越明显。
基于长春地铁2号线双丰站工程背景,建立了倾斜可液化地层-装配式地铁车站结构相互作用数值分析模型,研究了不同地表倾角地基孔隙水压力、地基液化土体侧移,地下结构的动力响应与上浮特征等地震反应规律,得到如下主要结论。
(1)装配式结构两侧的土体出现了明显的负孔压现象,且地表倾角越大负孔压现象越明显;距离车站结构越远,土体超孔压比越大,液化现象越明显,土体下坡向一侧的液化现象比上坡向一侧明显。
(2)地表倾角越大,各工况下土体侧向位移越大;与自由场工况相比,装配式地铁车站结构对地基液化土体侧向位移均有抑制作用,距离车站结构越近,抑制作用越明显。
(3)当地表倾角为0°和2°时,装配式地铁车站结构底板两侧上浮差值较小;随着地表倾角的增加,车站结构均出现不均匀上浮,引起结构发生倾覆现象,且地表倾角越大,倾覆现象越明显。
  • 河北省自然科学基金(E2024208050)
  • 河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2023079)
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2025年第25卷第19期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407035
  • 接收时间:2024-09-20
  • 首发时间:2025-12-22
  • 出版时间:2025-07-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-20
  • 修回日期:2025-12-20
基金
河北省自然科学基金(E2024208050)
河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2023079)
作者信息
    1 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司, 北京 100371
    2 河北科技大学建筑工程学院, 石家庄 050018
    3 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司, 北京 100045

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*安军海(1987—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,博士,副教授。研究方向:地下结构抗震。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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