Article(id=1209816726003380615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1209811339510411616, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407043, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1726761600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-20, revisedDate=1732896000000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766372384787, onlineDateStr=2025-12-22, pubDate=1751904000000, pubDateStr=2025-07-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766372384787, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-22, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766372384787, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766372384787, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1209811339510411616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='19', pageStart='7885', pageEnd='8315', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1766371100547, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766373228996, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1209820266960654935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1209811339510411616, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1209820266960654936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1209811339510411616, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=8179, endPage=8186, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1209816727542690197, articleId=1209816726003380615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Resistivity Evaluation Model for Undrained Shear Strength of Unsaturated Laterite, columnId=1209816723763630312, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers∙Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The slope geological structure characteristics is detected with the high density resistivity method by the inversion of the soil resistivity, and it could provide a geological model for slope stability analysis. However, the indirect evaluation of the resistivity for the soil shear strength is still limited. Taking the laterite on the slope as an example, the resistivity and shear strength of laterite samples with different dry density and water contents were tested to discuss the relationship between the resistivity and undrained shear strength of the laterite, and finally the corresponding quantitative model was established. The results show that the resistivity of laterite decreases with the increasing water content and increases with the increasing porosity. The undrained shear strength of laterite increases first and then decreases with the increasing water content (the peak of shear strength near the optimal water content ) and decreases with the increasing porosity. The evaluation model of undrained shear strength resistivity of unsaturated laterite considering critical saturation is derived, which is based on the three-phase conductivity theory of unsaturated soil and the shear strength theory of soil. The accuracy of the model is verified to be high, and there is a corresponding critical resistivity value for the peak change of undrained shear strength of laterite. As a physical parameter of soil, resistivity can be quickly detected and obtained. This model can provide new ideas for shear strength calibration, slope stability analysis and monitoring and early warning of laterite slope.

, correspAuthors=Xing-qian XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hai-jun WANG, Zhi-mei XIE, Cheng LI, Xi ZHAO, Guang-can PENG, Xing-qian XU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1209816729165885924, articleId=1209816726003380615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型, columnId=1209816724011094258, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文∙建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=高密度电法通过探测边坡土体电阻率反演其地质结构特征,进而为边坡稳定性分析提供地质模型,但土体抗剪强度指标的电阻率间接评价仍然受限。以边坡上红黏土为例,开展不同干密度、含水率红黏土试样的电阻率、抗剪强度试验,探讨电阻率与不排水抗剪强度的相关性,构建非饱和红黏土电阻率与不排水抗剪强度的量化关系模型。结果表明:红黏土电阻率随着含水率增加而逐渐减小,随着孔隙率增大而逐渐增大;红黏土不排水抗剪强度随含水率增加呈现先增大后减小趋势(最优含水率附近抗剪强度达到峰值),而随着孔隙率增大而逐渐减小;从非饱和土体三相导电理论出发,结合土体抗剪强度理论,推导得出考虑临界饱和度的非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型,经验证模型精度较高,红黏土不排水抗剪强度峰值变化存在对应的临界电阻率值。电阻率作为土体物性参数能够快速探测获取,该模型可为红黏土边坡土体抗剪强度标定、边坡稳定性分析及其监测预警提供新思路。, correspAuthors=徐兴倩, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*徐兴倩(1985—),男,汉族,云南宣威人,博士,教授。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:
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王海军(1996—),男,汉族,四川汉源人,博士研究生。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

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2 Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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2 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049, bio={"content":"

王海军(1996—),男,汉族,四川汉源人,博士研究生。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

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王海军(1996—),男,汉族,四川汉源人,博士研究生。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

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figureFileBig=nQ3n7laCfBKlSPU8z71sKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209885581753054199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816726003380615, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Shear strength prediction curve of laterite, figureFileSmall=4koa8XfBnIWjL/yCqPz13A==, figureFileBig=PounwTt2wq5xcIZWQRVYnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209885581836940286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816726003380615, language=CN, label=图7, caption=红黏土抗剪强度预测曲线, figureFileSmall=4koa8XfBnIWjL/yCqPz13A==, figureFileBig=PounwTt2wq5xcIZWQRVYnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209885581899854847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1209816726003380615, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic physical indexes of laterite

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最优含水率
w0/ %
最大干密度
ρd /(g·cm-3)
比重/
Gs
塑限
WP/%
液限
WL/%
28.4 1.41 2.63 31.7 52.5
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红黏土的基本物理指标

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最优含水率
w0/ %
最大干密度
ρd /(g·cm-3)
比重/
Gs
塑限
WP/%
液限
WL/%
28.4 1.41 2.63 31.7 52.5
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非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型
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王海军 1, 2, 3 , 解志梅 1 , 李丞 4 , 赵熹 1 , 彭光灿 1 , 徐兴倩 1, *
科学技术与工程 | 论文∙建筑科学 2025,25(19): 8179-8186
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科学技术与工程 | 论文∙建筑科学 2025, 25(19): 8179-8186
非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型
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王海军1, 2, 3 , 解志梅1, 李丞4, 赵熹1, 彭光灿1, 徐兴倩1, *
作者信息
  • 1 云南农业大学水利学院, 昆明 650201
  • 2 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
  • 3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 4 凯里学院建筑工程学院, 凯里 556099
  • 王海军(1996—),男,汉族,四川汉源人,博士研究生。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*徐兴倩(1985—),男,汉族,云南宣威人,博士,教授。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:
Resistivity Evaluation Model for Undrained Shear Strength of Unsaturated Laterite
Hai-jun WANG1, 2, 3 , Zhi-mei XIE1, Cheng LI4, Xi ZHAO1, Guang-can PENG1, Xing-qian XU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
  • 2 Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
  • 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 4 Kaili College of Architecture and Engineering, Kaili 556099, China
出版时间: 2025-07-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407043
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高密度电法通过探测边坡土体电阻率反演其地质结构特征,进而为边坡稳定性分析提供地质模型,但土体抗剪强度指标的电阻率间接评价仍然受限。以边坡上红黏土为例,开展不同干密度、含水率红黏土试样的电阻率、抗剪强度试验,探讨电阻率与不排水抗剪强度的相关性,构建非饱和红黏土电阻率与不排水抗剪强度的量化关系模型。结果表明:红黏土电阻率随着含水率增加而逐渐减小,随着孔隙率增大而逐渐增大;红黏土不排水抗剪强度随含水率增加呈现先增大后减小趋势(最优含水率附近抗剪强度达到峰值),而随着孔隙率增大而逐渐减小;从非饱和土体三相导电理论出发,结合土体抗剪强度理论,推导得出考虑临界饱和度的非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型,经验证模型精度较高,红黏土不排水抗剪强度峰值变化存在对应的临界电阻率值。电阻率作为土体物性参数能够快速探测获取,该模型可为红黏土边坡土体抗剪强度标定、边坡稳定性分析及其监测预警提供新思路。
红黏土  /  电阻率  /  不排水抗剪强度  /  饱和度  /  模型

The slope geological structure characteristics is detected with the high density resistivity method by the inversion of the soil resistivity, and it could provide a geological model for slope stability analysis. However, the indirect evaluation of the resistivity for the soil shear strength is still limited. Taking the laterite on the slope as an example, the resistivity and shear strength of laterite samples with different dry density and water contents were tested to discuss the relationship between the resistivity and undrained shear strength of the laterite, and finally the corresponding quantitative model was established. The results show that the resistivity of laterite decreases with the increasing water content and increases with the increasing porosity. The undrained shear strength of laterite increases first and then decreases with the increasing water content (the peak of shear strength near the optimal water content ) and decreases with the increasing porosity. The evaluation model of undrained shear strength resistivity of unsaturated laterite considering critical saturation is derived, which is based on the three-phase conductivity theory of unsaturated soil and the shear strength theory of soil. The accuracy of the model is verified to be high, and there is a corresponding critical resistivity value for the peak change of undrained shear strength of laterite. As a physical parameter of soil, resistivity can be quickly detected and obtained. This model can provide new ideas for shear strength calibration, slope stability analysis and monitoring and early warning of laterite slope.

laterite  /  resistivity  /  undrained shear strength  /  saturation  /  model
王海军, 解志梅, 李丞, 赵熹, 彭光灿, 徐兴倩. 非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (19) : 8179 -8186 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407043
Hai-jun WANG, Zhi-mei XIE, Cheng LI, Xi ZHAO, Guang-can PENG, Xing-qian XU. Resistivity Evaluation Model for Undrained Shear Strength of Unsaturated Laterite[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (19) : 8179 -8186 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407043
红黏土广泛分布于中国南方地区,是一种典型的区域性特殊土,在自然降雨下处于非饱和状态。当红黏土饱和度达到一定程度时,抗剪强度发生劣化,易引起边坡变形失稳破坏,从而诱发红土型滑坡地质灾害[1]。红黏土具有高含水率、高孔隙比、高液塑性和压缩性低等不良物理性质,与其高强度、“上软下硬”和工程力学性能较好等相矛盾,常引发边坡失稳、地基及路基沉降或塌陷等工程问题[2-4]。电阻率作为表征土体导电性能的重要参数,与土体物理指标、结构参数及力学行为密切相关,高密度电法利用电阻率反演边坡结构特征及岩土体物理力学参数具有可行性[5-7]。若能将红黏土抗剪强度与电阻率联系起来,建立非饱和红黏土抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型,有望实现电阻率法对红黏土抗剪强度指标的快速评价,对红土边坡稳定性分析、监测预警及防灾减灾具有潜在应用价值。
近年来,借助电阻率法探讨浅层岩土体物理力学指标及结构特性等方面的研究不断取得新进展。自Archie电阻率模型提出以来,通过室内重塑土试验将基质吸力与电阻率结构参数联系起来,准确预测了非饱和黏土吸力,实现了金属污染土无侧限抗压强度的快速评价[8-9]。在典型黏性土场进行电阻率测井及物理指标测试后得到了电阻率与黏聚力、摩擦角等强度参数的函数关系,评价了黏土场工程物理指标[10]。研究者们还使用二维电阻率成像技术监测浅层滑坡体电阻率,结合室内重塑黏土不排水抗剪强度试验,进一步实现了电阻率对斜坡强度特性的预估评价[11-12]。在实际工程中,测量黏土电阻率与强度后,通过已经建立的黏土电阻率与强度关系,可有效评价岩土体表层强度或破坏结构[13-15]。在固结压缩过程中建立非饱和黏土电阻率与结构参数的关系,也能够利用电阻率快速评价土体物理力学指标[16-17]。上述研究,虽然已尝试将土体电阻率与力学性质建立联系,但对电阻率法直接评价非饱和红黏土抗剪强度的研究却鲜有报道。
以云南边坡红黏土为例,在室温条件下以含水率和干密度为变量,开展室内重塑红黏土电阻率与不排水抗剪强度测试,探讨红黏土的电阻率、剪切特性变化规律,分析非饱和红黏土电阻率和抗剪强度的相关性,结合土体电阻率理论和强度理论,建立非饱和红黏土抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型,可拓展高密度电法在红黏土工程力学指标评价应用方面的深入研究。
红黏土取自云南省昆明市浅层边坡剖面,取土深度20~30 cm,呈棕红色,自然风干碾碎,过2 mm筛后,依据《土工试验方法标准》(GB/T 50123—2019)测定其基本物理指标(表1)。
将红黏土制成直径为102 mm、高为40 mm的土柱样,依据最大干密度和最优含水率设计不同含水率和干密度(即在最大干密度下,最优含水率附近设计方案),每组采用3组平行试样。具体方案:含水率为22%、24%、26%、28%、30%、32%,干密度为1.15、1.20、1.25、1.30、1.35、1.40 g/cm3,共36组。在温室条件下,使用VC4090A型LCR精密数字电桥测量土样电阻率后,再用SZB-1便携式十字板剪切仪测量不排水抗剪强度。
①将筛分好的红黏土放入105 ℃烘箱中烘干至恒重,称取对应干土质量;②按设计方案喷洒定量水分,充分搅拌均匀,静止12 h使水分均匀;③按对应干密度与含水率配比击实土样(直径为102 mm,高为40 mm);④击实后的土样用保鲜膜密封,待使用VC4090A型LCR精密数字电桥依次测量土样电阻率;⑤电阻率测量结束后,测定土样的不排水抗剪强度;⑥用烘干法实测含水率,并将干密度换算为孔隙率。具体试验流程如图1所示。
测量仪器如图2所示,其中VC4090A型LCR精密数字电桥,量程为0.001 Ω~99.999 MΩ,频率为100 Hz~10 kHz。在频率为1 kHz条件下,采用二极法测量土样电阻后,计算出电阻率,公式为
ρ = R S L
式(1)中:ρ为电阻率,Ω·m;R为电阻,Ω;L为长度,m;S为横截面积,m2
SZB-1便携式十字板剪切仪由扭力计、延长杆、不同尺寸十字板头和辅助扳手组成,量程为0~260 kPa,原理满足关系式
S u = 2 T X π D 3 H D + 1 n + 3 S u h S u v
式(2)中:Su为抗剪强度,kPa;T为扭矩,N·m;X取1.05;D为十字板的直径,m;H为十字板的板高,m;一般认为H/D=2;Suv为垂直方向的剪应力,kPa;Suh为水平面上的剪应力,kPa,通常取Suh / Suv =1;n为系数,本文中取1,则式(2)可简化为
S u = 8 T 9 π D 3
测量过程将十字板头慢慢垂直压入待测土体(无转动),扭力计刻度调至零,匀速缓慢地顺时针扭转扭力计把手直至土体剪坏,慢慢松开扭力计回弹,记录数据,计算得出试样的不排水抗剪强度。
在室温条件下,最优含水率附近选取不同质量含水率制备红黏土试样,采用二极法测试红黏土试样电阻率,绘制电阻率-含水率、电阻率-孔隙率关系曲线,分析红黏土电阻率随含水率、孔隙率的变化规律(图3)。
红黏土电阻率随含水率增加逐渐减小,随孔隙率增大而逐渐增大[18]。如图3(a)所示,在最优含水率附近,红黏土电阻率呈现两阶段变化,第一阶段电阻率减小速率快,第二阶段电阻率减小速率慢。原因主要在于:当含水率小于最优含水率时,随着含水率增加土-水界面接触面积增大,电流传播路径增多,接触电阻减小,导电性增强,电阻率减小快;当含水率达到最优含水率后,土颗粒之间的空隙相对较小,随着含水率继续增加,土-水界面接触面积缓慢增大,电流传导路径逐渐稳定,电阻率减小速率变缓[19]。如图3(b)所示,红黏土电阻率随孔隙率增大逐渐增大,即孔隙率越大,粒团间有效接触面积越小,电流传播路径增长,导电性减弱,电阻率增大。土中电流主要通过固液两相介质传导,随着孔隙率增加,土中固液两相减少,电流传播路径随之减少,导电性变差,电阻率呈现逐渐增大趋势。
在室温条件下,对2.1节中的红黏土试样开展抗剪强度测试试验,通过绘制抗剪强度-含水率和抗剪强度-孔隙率关系曲线,分析红黏土不排水抗剪强度随含水率和孔隙率的变化规律(图4)。
图4(a)所示,在相同孔隙率条件下,红黏土不排水抗剪强度随含水率逐渐增大,呈现先增大后减小趋势,且抗剪强度在最优含水率附近出现峰值。究其原因:当含水率小于最优含水率时,随着含水率逐渐增加,增强了土颗粒之间的黏结力,促使抗剪强度也逐渐增大。当含水率超过一定范围时,孔隙水压力显著增大,导致土颗粒之间的有效接触力减弱,降低了抗剪强度[20]。如图4(b)所示,红黏土不排水抗剪强度随孔隙率增加而逐渐减小。随黏土孔隙率增大,剪切力作用下孔隙发生变形,黏土颗粒间黏结力减小,引起抗剪强度降低。
基于上述红黏土电阻率、抗剪强度分析,认为电阻率作为土体物性参数,抗剪强度作为土体力学指标,两者同受含水率、孔隙率等因素影响。为红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价提供依据,分析红黏土最优含水率附近、不同孔隙率条件下电阻率与抗剪强度变化规律,探讨两者间相关性。结果如图5所示。
从非饱和土体三相导电理论出发,考虑电流在土颗粒、孔隙水和空气中的传导路径后,经推导得到非饱和黏土电阻率模型。早期理论认为黏土颗粒与孔隙水间导电路径为并联关系,从而提出了适用于非饱和黏性土的电阻率模型[21],即
ρ = α ρ w n - m S r - p S r + ρ w B Q
式(4)中: ρ w为孔隙水电阻率;n为孔隙率; α经验参数;m为胶结系数;B为双电层中与土颗粒表面电性相反电荷的导电率;Q为单位土体孔隙中阳离子交换容量;Sr为饱和度;p为饱和度指数。
随后,基于土体三相介质理论认为电流在土颗粒、孔隙水和空气中的传导路径也是并联关系,经简化后得到非饱和黏土电阻率模型[22]
ρ = ρ s ρ w ( S r + w d s ) ρ w S r + w ρ s S r d s
式(5)中: ρ s为土颗粒电阻率;ds为土粒体积质量;w为土颗粒质量含水率。
结合土体三相结构及导电原理,考虑黏土颗粒、孔隙水和气体之间的复杂多串并联导电路径,进一步推导出了非饱和土电阻率模型[23]
ρ ρ w = a f b S r c f + d
式(6)中:f为电流频率;abcd为经验参数。
从土体三相介质理论出发,假设黏土电流传导路径有4种:土颗粒导电、孔隙水导电、孔隙空气导电及孔隙水和土颗粒串联导电,推导出描述孔隙及孔隙水分布特征的非饱和黏土电阻率模型[17]
ρ ρ w = a 1 - n n 1 S r b
非饱和土体抗剪强度理论认为抗剪强度主要由黏聚强度、颗粒间摩擦强度及吸力强度构成,理论关系满足Bishop公式[24]
τ = c + ( σ - u a ) t a n φ + χ ( u a - u w ) t a n φ
式(8)中:cφ分别为凝聚力、内摩擦角;σ为总应力;χ为有效应力系数;ua为孔隙气压力;uw为孔隙水压力。
但是,由于土体破坏主要为剪切破坏,在传统边坡稳定分析中通常用黏聚力和内摩擦角进行定量表征,则采用Mohr-Coulumb强度准则将土体抗剪强度表示为
τ = c t o t a l + σ t a n φ t o t a l
随后,研究者们基于抗剪强度理论通过大量试验发现黏聚力、内摩擦角与饱和度之间存在多种类型函数拟合关系[25-27],而黏性土中通常认为黏聚力、内摩擦角与饱和度之间满足指数函数关系为
c t o t a l = e x p ( α S r + β ) φ t o t a l = e x p ( λ S r + η )
式(10)中: α β λ η为拟合参数。
将式(10)代入式(9)即可得到非饱和黏土抗剪强度与饱和度的关系为
τ = e x p ( α S r + β ) + σ t a n [ e x p ( λ S r + η ) ]
然而,由于采用便携式十字板剪切仪测量红黏土不排水抗剪强度过程中围压近似看作固定不变,且横截面未施加均匀垂直压力,即正应力忽略不计,则非饱和土不排水抗剪强度满足关系为
τ = e x p ( α S r + β )
图6所示,电阻率随饱和度增大呈现衰减趋势,抗剪强度随饱和度增加先增大后减小,出现临界饱和度Sre。当 S r S r e时,电阻率与抗剪强度近似轴对称;当 S r S r e时,电阻率与抗剪强度近似平行对称。因此,电阻率、抗剪强度均与饱和度存在关联。若能确定电阻率、抗剪强度与饱和度的关系,将能得到饱和度影响下电阻率与抗剪强度相关性。鉴于此,将式(7)直接代入式(12)得到非饱和黏土不排水抗剪强度与电阻率的关系,即
S u = e x p α a ( 1 - n ) n ρ w ρ 1 / b + β
图6中不难看出,不同孔隙率条件下红黏土抗剪强度随饱和度的变化规律受 S r e影响较大,则非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度满足分段函数关系,即
S u = e x p ( α S r + β ) , S r S r e S u = λ S r , S r S r e
上述理论推导得知电阻率与抗剪强度存在一定联系,则结合式(13)和式(14)简化系数建立非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型,即
S u = e x p A ρ w e ρ 1 / B + C , S r S r e S u = D e ρ ρ w F , S r S r e
式(15)中:e为孔隙比;ABCDF为拟合系数。
为验证模型的可行性,将红黏土实测电阻率、不排水抗剪强度数据代入式(14)中进行拟合分析。如图7所示,在不同孔隙比条件下,拟合得到红黏土不排水抗剪强度与电阻率关系曲线。从图7中可以看出,红黏土不排水强度与电阻率拟合关系较好,平均精度为0.97,两者为分段函数关系,存在电阻率临界值(表征临界饱和度对红黏土不排水抗剪强度的作用),且孔隙比越大,临界电阻率值越大,对应不排水抗剪强度峰值越小。由此可见,高密度电法可以通过测量边坡电阻率后,利用该模型计算得出边坡的抗剪强度,有望实现高密度电法快速评估边坡强度,具有一定可行性。
(1)在相同孔隙比情况下,随着红黏土含水率增加,土-水界面接触增多,导电能力增强,电阻率逐渐减小,在最优含水率附近逐步趋于稳定;在相同含水率情况下,随着红黏土孔隙率增大黏土颗粒间有效接触面积减小,电流传播路径增长,电阻率逐渐增大。
(2)在相同孔隙比条件下,红黏土不排水抗剪强度先增大后减小趋势,在最优含水率附近出现峰值;在相同含水率条件下,随着孔隙率逐渐增大,因剪切作用导致孔隙变形增大,红黏土不排水抗剪强度逐渐减小。土中含水率、孔隙率均影响了电阻率和抗剪强度,通过电阻率间接评价抗剪强度指标具有一定可行性。
(3)饱和度是影响红黏土抗剪强度和电阻率的关键因素,超过临界饱和度后红黏土不排水抗剪强度出现劣化现象,电阻率值逐渐减小,变化速率下降;非饱和红黏土不排水抗剪强度的电阻率评价模型存在临界电阻率值,孔隙比越大红黏土临界电阻率值越大,不排水抗剪强度峰值则越小。未来,利用电阻率法及其模型有望应用于红黏土边坡强度快速检测及边坡稳定性评价、预警等方面研究。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42367025)
  • 贵州省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(青年项目)(黔教技[2022]361)
  • 云南省基础研究计划农业联合专项(202301BD070001-171)
  • 云南省高层次人才培养支持计划“青年拔尖人才”专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-030)
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2025年第25卷第19期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2407043
  • 接收时间:2024-09-20
  • 首发时间:2025-12-22
  • 出版时间:2025-07-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-20
  • 修回日期:2024-11-30
基金
国家自然科学基金(42367025)
贵州省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(青年项目)(黔教技[2022]361)
云南省基础研究计划农业联合专项(202301BD070001-171)
云南省高层次人才培养支持计划“青年拔尖人才”专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-030)
作者信息
    1 云南农业大学水利学院, 昆明 650201
    2 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
    3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
    4 凯里学院建筑工程学院, 凯里 556099

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*徐兴倩(1985—),男,汉族,云南宣威人,博士,教授。研究方向:岩土工程。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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