Article(id=1208051029141197438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406487, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1724860800000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-29, revisedDate=1746115200000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-02, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765951409850, onlineDateStr=2025-12-17, pubDate=1751040000000, pubDateStr=2025-06-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765951409850, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765951409850, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765951409850, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208051024368083510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='18', pageStart='7455', pageEnd='7883', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765951408712, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765951896766, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208053071507198943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208053071507198944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=7803, endPage=7811, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208051030206550700, articleId=1208051029141197438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Arrangement of Anchor Cable of Tunnel with Super-large Section in Layered Rock Mass: Taking the Guobo Center Station Tunnel of Chongqing East Ring Line as an Example, columnId=1156262728772735295, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Traffics and Transportations, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

When tunnels with extra-large cross-sections pass through layered rock formations, given the unique structural characteristics of these layers, suitable control strategies must be implemented to mitigate any adverse impacts. Based on the extra-large section tunnel project of Chongqing Guobo Center Station passing through layered rock, numerical simulations, and field monitoring are adopted in this study to compare the mechanical differences between balanced and unbalanced anchor cable supports during tunneling. The results show that compared with the balanced anchor cable support, the influence of the unbalanced anchor cable support on the control difference of displacement and plastic zone of surrounding rock is not significant. However, the unbalanced anchor cable supportcould significantly affect the bending moment distribution range of the vault of lining structure, while having little influence on the peak bending moment and the distribution and magnitude of axial force, with the differences between them being 8% and 11.2% respectively. The reduction in the safety redundancy of the lining structure under the unbalanced anchor cable support is less, and the stability of the tunnel in layered rock could still be maintained. From the perspectives of economy and construction convenience, the amount of anchor cable could be saved by 51%, and the economic advantages are more prominent, which is more advantageous in the construction of tunnels with large sections in layered rock. The effectiveness of the unbalanced support in maintaining tunnel stability is confirmed by field monitoring. The discrepancy between the numerical simulation and field monitoring results is merely 2 mm, demonstrating high consistency and validating the accuracy of the calculations. Critical insights for the design and construction of future similar tunnels in layered rock are provided.

, correspAuthors=Hui-jian ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wen WANG, Yi-qiao LIU, Ji-kang YANG, Xiu-bo WANG, Hui-jian ZHANG, Lun GONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208051044072919543, articleId=1208051029141197438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=层状岩体特大断面隧道的锚索布置方式研究:以重庆东环线国博中心站隧道为例, columnId=1156262730664366426, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·交通运输, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

在特大断面隧道施工通过层状岩层时,由于此类地层的特殊构造特性,必须采取相应的控制对策来减小此类地层带来的不良影响。依托穿过层状岩层的重庆东环线国博中心站特大断面隧道工程,采用数值模拟和现场监测方法,对比研究了均衡和非均衡锚索支护在隧道穿越层状岩层的支护力学差异。结果表明: 相比均衡锚索支护,非均衡锚索支护对围岩位移与塑性区的控制差异影响并不显著。但是非均衡锚索支护会显著影响支护结构拱顶弯矩分布范围,而对弯矩峰值和轴力分布及大小影响很小,二者差值分别为8%和11.2%。非均衡锚索支护下的支护结构安全冗余度削减较少,仍能保持层状岩体隧道的稳定性,从经济和施工便捷性来看,能节省51%的锚索用量,经济优势更突出,在特大断面层状岩层隧道的施工中更具优越性。现场监测也表明非均衡锚索支护的应用效果良好。数值模拟结果和现场监测差值仅为2 mm,二者吻合度较高,验证了本文计算结果的合理性。本文研究成果可为今后类似层状岩体隧道支护的设计和施工提供重要参考。

, correspAuthors=章慧健, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 章慧健(1982—),男,汉族,浙江淳安人,博士,副教授。研究方向:隧道及地下工程支护力学机制。E-mail:
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王文(1975—),男,汉族,重庆人,高级工程师。研究方向:隧道工程设计和管理。E-mail:

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Tunnel Construction, 2021, 41(S1): 352-361., articleTitle=Construction methods and asymmetric design optimization for shallow-buried tunnels subjected to unsymmetrical loads, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085606496834476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=罗基伟, journalName=大跨隧道预应力锚固体系协同支护机理及其应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=罗基伟. 大跨隧道预应力锚固体系协同支护机理及其应用[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085606589109168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Luo Jiwei, journalName=Synergetic supporting mechanism and application of prestressed anchorage system in large-span tunneling, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Luo Jiwei. Synergetic supporting mechanism and application of prestressed anchorage system in large-span tunneling[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085606744298418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=17, pageStart=7155, pageEnd=7164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=张君宝, 李昌存, 李韫芃, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张君宝, 李昌存, 李韫芃, 等. 负泊松比锚索超大断面隧道围岩大变形控制体系[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(17): 7155-7164., articleTitle=负泊松比锚索超大断面隧道围岩大变形控制体系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1208085606844961716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=17, pageStart=7155, pageEnd=7164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Zhang Junbao, Li Changcun, Li Yunpeng, journalName=Science Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Junbao, Li Changcun, Li Yunpeng, et al. Large deformation control system of surrounding rock of super large section cable tunnel with negative poisson’s ratio anchor[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22(17): 7155-7164., articleTitle=Large deformation control system of surrounding rock of super large section cable tunnel with negative poisson’s ratio anchor, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1208085602042483485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, awardId=52178395, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52178395), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085590709473422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085590726250640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, companyId=1208085590709473422, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 China Communications Third Highway Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd.,Beijing 100304, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085590730444948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, companyId=1208085590709473422, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中交第三公路工程局有限公司, 北京 100304)]), AuthorCompany(id=1208085590877245593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085590914994337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, companyId=1208085590877245593, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085590931771554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, companyId=1208085590877245593, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 西南交通大学土木工程学院 交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室, 成都 610031)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1208085596526973482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Geological distribution map of the tunnel and cross-sectional design diagram of the lining structure, figureFileSmall=wMr7U9I+aY5iezlH9diaFQ==, figureFileBig=un48Qd73+hDoQC3M0+XKYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085596644414001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图1, caption=隧区地质分布图和支护结构断面设计图, figureFileSmall=wMr7U9I+aY5iezlH9diaFQ==, figureFileBig=un48Qd73+hDoQC3M0+XKYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085596828963390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Calculation model, figureFileSmall=YtRh5yFLD7p7H5y70HBCTg==, figureFileBig=fa0FpXHv5dCjPIamiIEt+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085596946403909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图2, caption=计算模型, figureFileSmall=YtRh5yFLD7p7H5y70HBCTg==, figureFileBig=fa0FpXHv5dCjPIamiIEt+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597063844430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Calculation conditions, figureFileSmall=P47rhKljECdqQvXZCPkSxg==, figureFileBig=uXKkKQA2IJ6vR7LwpGMB/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597214839383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图3, caption=计算工况

①、②、③、④、⑤、⑥、⑦分别为隧道各开挖分部区域编号

, figureFileSmall=P47rhKljECdqQvXZCPkSxg==, figureFileBig=uXKkKQA2IJ6vR7LwpGMB/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597336474209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Schematic diagram of the layout of the monitoring point, figureFileSmall=Lig6fEhPrxxv/odtMeUeIw==, figureFileBig=kc2trrjfG2aj8EiRM//rrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597437137512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图4, caption=监测点布置示意图, figureFileSmall=Lig6fEhPrxxv/odtMeUeIw==, figureFileBig=kc2trrjfG2aj8EiRM//rrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597550383726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The variation law of surrounding rock deformation with excavation process under different lining methods, figureFileSmall=+07vcyRfHOTyFqcvdqATZA==, figureFileBig=DToruLtbrEht7Jjh0j2SgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597663629940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同支护方式下的围岩变形随开挖过程的变化规律, figureFileSmall=+07vcyRfHOTyFqcvdqATZA==, figureFileBig=DToruLtbrEht7Jjh0j2SgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597823013499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Comparison of internal force diagrams of preliminary lining of tunnel under different lining methods after excavation, figureFileSmall=G5gnEJQkdiPOXcd4b8bu7w==, figureFileBig=4/hD2yWvn541yzPuNlQLMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085597953036932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图6, caption=开挖完成后不同支护方式下的隧道初支内力图对比, figureFileSmall=G5gnEJQkdiPOXcd4b8bu7w==, figureFileBig=4/hD2yWvn541yzPuNlQLMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085598158557836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Change curve of safety factor of preliminary lining under different lining methods, figureFileSmall=fAEKXX5PuNoslvp7WTPOdw==, figureFileBig=wyr5ydPjN9i1nyRllTbEbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085598305358482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同支护方式下的初支安全系数变化曲线, figureFileSmall=fAEKXX5PuNoslvp7WTPOdw==, figureFileBig=wyr5ydPjN9i1nyRllTbEbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085599525900955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Comparison of the axial force distribution of anchor cables under different lining methods, figureFileSmall=IoZDi04OXy1qUerSRf/m5g==, figureFileBig=7HZIQg+NOo5YUgJWXibxaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085599634952868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同支护方式下的锚索轴力分布图对比, figureFileSmall=IoZDi04OXy1qUerSRf/m5g==, figureFileBig=7HZIQg+NOo5YUgJWXibxaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085599739810476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Comparison of the variation curves of axial force of anchor cables under different lining methods, figureFileSmall=wRWOHI64cd+0PnkAW8CCLg==, figureFileBig=K59JY4ZEAWNIS9cW5aOY9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085599857250990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图9, caption=不同支护方式下的锚索轴力变化图对比, figureFileSmall=wRWOHI64cd+0PnkAW8CCLg==, figureFileBig=K59JY4ZEAWNIS9cW5aOY9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085600020828857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=On-site construction map of the tunnel with super-large section in the layered rock mass, figureFileSmall=YWDgst1eEkjFaugUvda8Qw==, figureFileBig=2zUVKYaOCZqUYmLyicjetA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085600217961148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图10, caption=特大断面层状岩体隧道现场施工图, figureFileSmall=YWDgst1eEkjFaugUvda8Qw==, figureFileBig=2zUVKYaOCZqUYmLyicjetA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085600310235846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Variation curves of vault settlement with time, figureFileSmall=LOgYxg/LuKyQ1w1PpMTUPQ==, figureFileBig=WjzgXEi7vP7KIJKjBK/IhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085600402510538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=图11, caption=拱顶沉降随时间变化曲线, figureFileSmall=LOgYxg/LuKyQ1w1PpMTUPQ==, figureFileBig=WjzgXEi7vP7KIJKjBK/IhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085600532533970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Calculation parameters of the lining structure

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
支护结构 强度 重度γ/
(kN·m-3)
换算模量
E/GPa
泊松比
μ
初期支护 C25 22 28.99 0.2
临时竖撑 C25 22 26.99 0.2
二次衬砌 C35 25 35.0 0.2
), ArticleFig(id=1208085600683528926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

支护结构计算参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
支护结构 强度 重度γ/
(kN·m-3)
换算模量
E/GPa
泊松比
μ
初期支护 C25 22 28.99 0.2
临时竖撑 C25 22 26.99 0.2
二次衬砌 C35 25 35.0 0.2
), ArticleFig(id=1208085600800969444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mechanical parameters of the anchor cable

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 弹性模
量/GPa
抗拉强
度/MPa
浆体黏结
力/kN
浆体摩擦角
φ /(°)
浆体刚
度/GPa
锚头 206 600 1×1010 25 20
自由段 206 600 5×10-3 0 5×10-9
锚固段 206 600 1×105 25 2×10-2
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601027461872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

锚索力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 弹性模
量/GPa
抗拉强
度/MPa
浆体黏结
力/kN
浆体摩擦角
φ /(°)
浆体刚
度/GPa
锚头 206 600 1×1010 25 20
自由段 206 600 5×10-3 0 5×10-9
锚固段 206 600 1×105 25 2×10-2
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601161679609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
围岩 弹性模量
E/MPa
泊松比
μ
内摩擦角
φ/(°)
黏聚力
c/kPa
密度ρ /
(kg·m-3)
杂填土 13 0.28 5 50 1 800
砂岩 1 800 0.35 35 400 2 200
泥岩 130 0.38 24 65 2 200
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601312674561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

围岩力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
围岩 弹性模量
E/MPa
泊松比
μ
内摩擦角
φ/(°)
黏聚力
c/kPa
密度ρ /
(kg·m-3)
杂填土 13 0.28 5 50 1 800
砂岩 1 800 0.35 35 400 2 200
泥岩 130 0.38 24 65 2 200
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601442697990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Numerical simulation of the excavation and lining process of the tunnel

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分块 计算步 描述
初始阶段 初始地应力平衡(自重应力)
①部通过 Step 1 ①部开挖2 m;
Step 2 ①部累计开挖4 m,施作①部上一进尺初支和临时竖撑2 m;
Step 3~Step 29 以2m循环进尺依次推进①部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支和临时竖撑);
Step 30 ①部累计开挖60 m,初支和临时竖撑累计施作58 m;
Step 31 ①部初支和临时竖撑累计施作60 m
②部通过 Step 32 ②部开挖2 m;
Step 33 ②部累计开挖4 m,施作②部上一进尺初支和临时竖撑2 m;施作②部锚索60 m;
Step34~Step 60 以2m循环进尺依次推进②部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支和临时竖撑);
Step61 ②部累计开挖60 m,②部初支和临时竖撑累计施作58 m;
Step 62 ②部初支和临时竖撑累计施作60 m
③部通过 Step 63 ③部开挖2 m;
Step 64 ③部累计开挖4 m,施作③部上一进尺初支;施作②部锚索60 m;
Step65~Step 91 以2m循环进尺依次推进③部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step 92 ③部累计开挖60 m,初支累计施作58 m;
Step 93 ③部初支累计施作60 m
④部通过 Step 94 ④部开挖2 m,拆除①部临时竖撑2 m;
Step95 ④部累计开挖4 m,施作④部上一进尺初支2 m;拆除①部临时竖撑累计4 m;
Step96~Step 122 以2m循环进尺依次推进④部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step123 ④部累计开挖60 m,④部初支累计施作58 m;①部临时竖撑累计拆除60 m;
Step124 ④部初支累计施作60 m
⑤部通过 Step 125 ⑤部开挖2 m,拆除②部临时竖撑2 m;
Step126 ⑤部累计开挖4 m,施作⑤部初支2 m,拆除②部临时支撑累计4 m;施作②部预应力锚索60m;
Step127 以2m循环进尺依次推进⑤部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step128~Step 154 ⑤部累计开挖60 m,⑤部初支累计施作58 m;②部临时竖撑累计拆除60 m;
Step155 ⑤部初支累计施作60 m
⑥部通过 Step 156 ⑥部开挖2 m;
Step157 ⑥部累计开挖4 m,施作⑥部初支2 m;
Step158 以2m循环进尺依次推进⑥部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step159~Step 185 ⑥部累计开挖60 m,⑥部初支累计施作58 m;
Step186 ⑥部初支累计施作60 m
⑦部通过 Step 187 ⑦部开挖2 m;
Step188 ⑦部累计开挖4 m,施作⑦部初支2 m;
Step189 以2m循环进尺依次推进⑦部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step190~Step 216 ⑦部累计开挖60 m,⑦部初支累计施作58 m;
Step217 ⑦部初支累计施作60 m
施作二衬 Step 218 施作二衬仰拱;
Step 219 施作二衬剩余部分
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601555944202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

隧道开挖和支护过程的数值模拟实现

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分块 计算步 描述
初始阶段 初始地应力平衡(自重应力)
①部通过 Step 1 ①部开挖2 m;
Step 2 ①部累计开挖4 m,施作①部上一进尺初支和临时竖撑2 m;
Step 3~Step 29 以2m循环进尺依次推进①部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支和临时竖撑);
Step 30 ①部累计开挖60 m,初支和临时竖撑累计施作58 m;
Step 31 ①部初支和临时竖撑累计施作60 m
②部通过 Step 32 ②部开挖2 m;
Step 33 ②部累计开挖4 m,施作②部上一进尺初支和临时竖撑2 m;施作②部锚索60 m;
Step34~Step 60 以2m循环进尺依次推进②部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支和临时竖撑);
Step61 ②部累计开挖60 m,②部初支和临时竖撑累计施作58 m;
Step 62 ②部初支和临时竖撑累计施作60 m
③部通过 Step 63 ③部开挖2 m;
Step 64 ③部累计开挖4 m,施作③部上一进尺初支;施作②部锚索60 m;
Step65~Step 91 以2m循环进尺依次推进③部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step 92 ③部累计开挖60 m,初支累计施作58 m;
Step 93 ③部初支累计施作60 m
④部通过 Step 94 ④部开挖2 m,拆除①部临时竖撑2 m;
Step95 ④部累计开挖4 m,施作④部上一进尺初支2 m;拆除①部临时竖撑累计4 m;
Step96~Step 122 以2m循环进尺依次推进④部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step123 ④部累计开挖60 m,④部初支累计施作58 m;①部临时竖撑累计拆除60 m;
Step124 ④部初支累计施作60 m
⑤部通过 Step 125 ⑤部开挖2 m,拆除②部临时竖撑2 m;
Step126 ⑤部累计开挖4 m,施作⑤部初支2 m,拆除②部临时支撑累计4 m;施作②部预应力锚索60m;
Step127 以2m循环进尺依次推进⑤部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step128~Step 154 ⑤部累计开挖60 m,⑤部初支累计施作58 m;②部临时竖撑累计拆除60 m;
Step155 ⑤部初支累计施作60 m
⑥部通过 Step 156 ⑥部开挖2 m;
Step157 ⑥部累计开挖4 m,施作⑥部初支2 m;
Step158 以2m循环进尺依次推进⑥部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step159~Step 185 ⑥部累计开挖60 m,⑥部初支累计施作58 m;
Step186 ⑥部初支累计施作60 m
⑦部通过 Step 187 ⑦部开挖2 m;
Step188 ⑦部累计开挖4 m,施作⑦部初支2 m;
Step189 以2m循环进尺依次推进⑦部开挖(开挖新循环并对上一进尺施作初支);
Step190~Step 216 ⑦部累计开挖60 m,⑦部初支累计施作58 m;
Step217 ⑦部初支累计施作60 m
施作二衬 Step 218 施作二衬仰拱;
Step 219 施作二衬剩余部分
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601685967631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Comparison of the plastic zone of surrounding rock under different lining methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方式 ①部通过 ②部通过 ③部通过 ④部通过 ⑤部通过 ⑥部通过 ⑦部通过
均衡
支护
云图
面积/(m3·m-1) 2.8 4.2 7.1 8.1 8.7 18.7 29.7
非均
衡支护
云图
面积/(m3·m-1) 2.8 4.2 7.6 8.9 9.5 19.6 31.2
差值/(m3·m-1) 0 0 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.5
), ArticleFig(id=1208085601815991058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051029141197438, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同支护方式下的围岩塑性区对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方式 ①部通过 ②部通过 ③部通过 ④部通过 ⑤部通过 ⑥部通过 ⑦部通过
均衡
支护
云图
面积/(m3·m-1) 2.8 4.2 7.1 8.1 8.7 18.7 29.7
非均
衡支护
云图
面积/(m3·m-1) 2.8 4.2 7.6 8.9 9.5 19.6 31.2
差值/(m3·m-1) 0 0 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.5
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层状岩体特大断面隧道的锚索布置方式研究:以重庆东环线国博中心站隧道为例
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王文 1 , 刘一桥 2 , 杨继康 1 , 王秀博 1 , 章慧健 2, * , 龚伦 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·交通运输 2025,25(18): 7803-7811
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·交通运输 2025, 25(18): 7803-7811
层状岩体特大断面隧道的锚索布置方式研究:以重庆东环线国博中心站隧道为例
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王文1 , 刘一桥2, 杨继康1, 王秀博1, 章慧健2, * , 龚伦2
作者信息
  • 1 中交第三公路工程局有限公司, 北京 100304
  • 2 西南交通大学土木工程学院 交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室, 成都 610031
  • 王文(1975—),男,汉族,重庆人,高级工程师。研究方向:隧道工程设计和管理。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 章慧健(1982—),男,汉族,浙江淳安人,博士,副教授。研究方向:隧道及地下工程支护力学机制。E-mail:
Arrangement of Anchor Cable of Tunnel with Super-large Section in Layered Rock Mass: Taking the Guobo Center Station Tunnel of Chongqing East Ring Line as an Example
Wen WANG1 , Yi-qiao LIU2, Ji-kang YANG1, Xiu-bo WANG1, Hui-jian ZHANG2, * , Lun GONG2
Affiliations
  • 1 China Communications Third Highway Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd.,Beijing 100304, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
出版时间: 2025-06-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406487
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在特大断面隧道施工通过层状岩层时,由于此类地层的特殊构造特性,必须采取相应的控制对策来减小此类地层带来的不良影响。依托穿过层状岩层的重庆东环线国博中心站特大断面隧道工程,采用数值模拟和现场监测方法,对比研究了均衡和非均衡锚索支护在隧道穿越层状岩层的支护力学差异。结果表明: 相比均衡锚索支护,非均衡锚索支护对围岩位移与塑性区的控制差异影响并不显著。但是非均衡锚索支护会显著影响支护结构拱顶弯矩分布范围,而对弯矩峰值和轴力分布及大小影响很小,二者差值分别为8%和11.2%。非均衡锚索支护下的支护结构安全冗余度削减较少,仍能保持层状岩体隧道的稳定性,从经济和施工便捷性来看,能节省51%的锚索用量,经济优势更突出,在特大断面层状岩层隧道的施工中更具优越性。现场监测也表明非均衡锚索支护的应用效果良好。数值模拟结果和现场监测差值仅为2 mm,二者吻合度较高,验证了本文计算结果的合理性。本文研究成果可为今后类似层状岩体隧道支护的设计和施工提供重要参考。

层状岩体  /  预应力锚索  /  非均衡支护  /  数值模拟  /  力学行为

When tunnels with extra-large cross-sections pass through layered rock formations, given the unique structural characteristics of these layers, suitable control strategies must be implemented to mitigate any adverse impacts. Based on the extra-large section tunnel project of Chongqing Guobo Center Station passing through layered rock, numerical simulations, and field monitoring are adopted in this study to compare the mechanical differences between balanced and unbalanced anchor cable supports during tunneling. The results show that compared with the balanced anchor cable support, the influence of the unbalanced anchor cable support on the control difference of displacement and plastic zone of surrounding rock is not significant. However, the unbalanced anchor cable supportcould significantly affect the bending moment distribution range of the vault of lining structure, while having little influence on the peak bending moment and the distribution and magnitude of axial force, with the differences between them being 8% and 11.2% respectively. The reduction in the safety redundancy of the lining structure under the unbalanced anchor cable support is less, and the stability of the tunnel in layered rock could still be maintained. From the perspectives of economy and construction convenience, the amount of anchor cable could be saved by 51%, and the economic advantages are more prominent, which is more advantageous in the construction of tunnels with large sections in layered rock. The effectiveness of the unbalanced support in maintaining tunnel stability is confirmed by field monitoring. The discrepancy between the numerical simulation and field monitoring results is merely 2 mm, demonstrating high consistency and validating the accuracy of the calculations. Critical insights for the design and construction of future similar tunnels in layered rock are provided.

layered rock  /  prestressed anchor cable  /  unbalanced lining  /  numerical simulation  /  mechanical behavior
王文, 刘一桥, 杨继康, 王秀博, 章慧健, 龚伦. 层状岩体特大断面隧道的锚索布置方式研究:以重庆东环线国博中心站隧道为例. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (18) : 7803 -7811 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406487
Wen WANG, Yi-qiao LIU, Ji-kang YANG, Xiu-bo WANG, Hui-jian ZHANG, Lun GONG. Arrangement of Anchor Cable of Tunnel with Super-large Section in Layered Rock Mass: Taking the Guobo Center Station Tunnel of Chongqing East Ring Line as an Example[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (18) : 7803 -7811 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406487
渝黔地区地形以山地丘陵为主,环境复杂,存在多类不良地质,层状岩体便是其中的一类典型代表。此类岩体围岩稳定性较差,且容易造成地质偏压。当一些特大断面隧道穿过层状岩层时,由于隧道跨度大、断面面积大,再加上衬砌结构受到岩层非均衡的偏压作用,这就对维持隧道稳定提出了较高的要求,如何选择合理的支护方式十分重要。文献[1-3]指出不同岩层倾角、结构面内摩擦角、岩层埋深等参数对层状岩体隧道的破坏模式影响显著,对于此类地层隧道的支护应给予重视。在层状岩体特大断面隧道施工时,当支护强度不足,可能会导致初支侵限、混凝土开裂、钢架扭曲等[4-6],而支护过强又使得施工过程复杂、成本过高,造成资源浪费。
因此,中外学者针对层状岩体隧道支护方式的选择进行了一系列的研究。杨晓辉[7]研究了顺层偏压隧道采用全断面开挖方法时锚杆支护参数的优化,得出当锚杆打设方向与节理成大角度时,能更好维持围岩稳定。蒋春海等[8]研究了分层倾斜岩层隧道采用新型让压支护结构时的支护力学特性,发现此类结构受力和变形显著优于传统支护结构。郭亚斌[9]指出调整上台阶左侧断面所有锚杆打设角度而保持其他参数不变为顺层偏压隧道优选支护技术方案。王惠贤等[10]研究锚杆支护对深埋随洞洞周应力与位移的影响,得出增加锚杆长度可减小洞周应力与位移,围岩更为稳定,而当改变锚杆半径与环向间距时,两者洞周应力与位移变化规律恰好相反。郑可跃等[11]研发了一种新型让压预留变形角支护技术以解决顺层偏压软岩隧道不均匀变形问题,指出此类结构可以抵抗更大的弯曲变形,降低支护结构受力的同时也提高了隧道整体承载力。于国亮等[12]提出了减少台阶高度和长度施工方法,从而极大程度降低隧道变形收敛。焦康杰等[13]对高地应力条件下顺层围岩隧道的锚杆支护进行优化,指出边墙和仰拱处分别采用长锚杆和短锚杆支护方案时可有效抑制隧道变形。潘文韬等[14]对浅埋偏压隧道的非对称支护体系进行优化,得出采用浅埋侧减小初支厚度与锚杆长度、在深埋侧增加初支厚度与锚杆长度、调整右上拱肩处锚杆朝深埋侧倾斜等措施可以使得初支和锚杆受力更均匀。
综上可知,虽然对于层状岩体隧道支护的研究已经取得了一定的成果,但主要集中在层状岩体或者特大断面单一因素对隧道稳定性的影响研究,同时耦合考虑层状岩体+特大断面隧道特征的相关研究较少。同时,已有研究主要针对的是全断面与台阶法施工,且非均衡支护的布置方式仅受单一层状地层因素的影响。而当隧道分部开挖时,则需耦合考虑层状地层与施工过程对非均衡支护的影响,这类研究目前仍鲜有涉及。另外,已有研究中的层状岩体锚固体系的支护主要以锚杆为主,针对预应力锚索在此类层状岩体隧道的系统性研究还鲜见报道。与锚杆相比,预应力锚索锚固深度更长、加固效果更强,能够及时控制围岩变形,保持围岩稳定[15-16]
因此,现依托穿过层状岩层的重庆东环线国博中心站特大断面隧道,以预应力锚索作为主要支护手段,采用分部开挖法施工,对比和分析均衡支护与非均衡支护下层状岩体隧道的支护力学差异,并提出相应的施工建议,旨在为今后类似层状岩体隧道工程的设计和施工提供重要借鉴。
重庆东环线国博中心站隧道最上方主要为杂填土,隧周岩体主要以砂岩夹泥岩为主的层状地层,岩层产状S-N/38~40°NW,岩层走向与线路最大夹角为15°,岩层倾角38°~40°,围岩破碎,稳定性较差,围岩等级主要为V级,隧道地址断面图和现场岩层揭露如图1(a)图1(b)所示。隧道全长284 m,埋深23~55 m,开挖宽度和高度分别约为24、22 m,隧道断面面积约为449.6 m2,属于特大断面隧道。隧道断面形式为马蹄形断面,采用的支护形式如图1(c)所示。
根据依托工程隧道尺寸和地层分布特征以及考虑减小边界效应的影响,最终确定和建立的计算模型如图2所示。对模型前后左右表面施加法向约束,对模型的底面施加法向约束,模型顶部为自由面。初始应力仅考虑自重应力场。围岩采用实体单元模拟,锚索和初支分别采用cable单元和shell单元,围岩服从Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则,其余结构服从弹性准则。
为简化计算,钢拱架的支护作用通过等效折算的方法来换算到混凝土,具体计算公式为
$E=E_{0}+\frac{E_{\mathrm{S}} A_{\mathrm{S}}}{D L}$
式(1)中:E为换算后的混凝土弹性模量;E0为原混凝土弹性模量;ES为钢拱架弹性模量;AS为钢拱架截面面积;DL分别为混凝土厚度和钢拱架间距。
支护结构的计算参数如表1表2所示。根据依托工程地勘资料,采用的围岩力学参数如表3所示。
本文拟定的计算工况如图3所示。非均衡布置只针对锚索,且仅有锚索根数的改变,其余参数均不变,喷射混凝土、钢架等也为均衡布置。
对照现场施工组织流程,数值计算过程如表4所示。
为了进一步研究不同支护工况下的隧道支护力学差异特性,对隧道周边设定A~H监测点,如图4所示,监测截面取沿隧道纵向的y=45 m断面。
不同支护方式下的围岩位移随开挖步变化曲线如图5所示。由图5可知,整体来看,隧道左侧围岩变形明显大于右侧围岩,说明层状岩体作用对隧道影响较大。观察两种支护方式下围岩位移,在③部开挖完成后,右拱腰处存在水平位移差值3.7 mm,⑥部开挖完成后,右边墙处也存在差值为1.9 mm,其余分部开挖完成后围岩水平位移基本一致。位移差表明在②部与⑤部增添了锚索使得松动围岩被加固,围岩稳定性增强,位移减小。对于拱部竖向位移,两种支护方式下的围岩变形规律和量值基本一致,且均随着开挖步增加而增大。综上,施作锚索较多的均衡支护虽然使围岩位移有一定的减少,但是与非均衡支护相比,降幅很小。
非均衡支护与均衡支护施工全过程的塑性区分布和围岩塑性区面积(也即纵向每延米的塑性区体积,单位m3/m)大小变化如表5所示。需要说明的一点是:施工过程在开挖范围内的围岩产生的塑性区不计入面积,因此表中数据主要是指某开挖步完成后隧道轮廓外围岩所存在的塑性区。
表5可知,层状岩体隧道塑性区主要分布在软弱夹层和洞周拱部以下部分的围岩部位。其中,软弱夹层处发生的是剪切滑移破坏,洞周围岩主要发生拉裂破坏。①部、②部开挖完成后两种支护下的塑性区分布一致。之后塑性区分布逐渐产生差异,两者塑性区面积差值增大,当⑦部开挖完成,达到最大差值1.5 m2,减少了4.8%。总的来看,两种支护方式下的围岩塑性区分布及面积差异并不明显,也即与减少了锚索用量的非均衡支护方式相比,均衡支护方式对控制围岩变形影响增量较小。
提取隧道开挖支护完成后的初支内力分布图如图6所示。由图6可知,当初支受到锚索提供的径向支护力的作用,会使锚索支护点附近的初支产生负弯矩。与均衡支护相比,非均衡支护对初支弯矩分布范围影响较大,尤其是拱顶部位,而对弯矩峰值和轴力影响很小。非均衡支护和均衡支护下最大负弯矩和最大正弯矩均出现在拱脚和拱顶部位,最大弯矩分别为189.64、175.6 kN,最大轴力分别为3 989.99、3 588.6 kN,也即弯矩和轴力增幅分别为8%和11.2%。
计算得到不同支护工况下的初支安全系数-开挖步曲线图,如图7所示。
图7可知,整体来看,均衡与非均衡支护下隧道安全系数均随着开挖过程而降低,但是同一开挖步下二者安全系数差别不大,且开挖全程初支安全系数均满足结构安全使用要求(大于2)。由于在保证隧道支护结构安全的前提下,均衡支护相较于非均衡支护增加了锚索数量布置,施工上会更加的烦琐,成本上也会有所增加,故非均衡支护施工更有优越性。
提取开挖完成后不同支护工况下锚索的轴力分布特征,如图8所示。
图8可以看出,非均衡支护和均衡支护下的锚索最大轴力分别为365.2、363.1 kN。结合现场锚索试验结果,设计预应力300 kN的锚索极限承载力超过500 kN。非均衡支护和均衡支护下的锚索轴力均未超过设计要求的极限承载力,安全性进一步得到保障。为了探究两种支护方式下全过程施工锚索轴力变化情况,明确锚索轴力随施工部变化规律,以①部锚索为研究对象,绘制锚索轴力-开挖步的曲线图,如图9所示。
图9可知,随着隧道施工的推进,均衡支护下的锚索轴力始终会略小于非均衡支护(降幅约14%),但是两者轴力变化规律基本一致,也即锚索轴力均随着施工进行而增大。在拆除临时竖撑前后,锚索轴力均有20~30 kN的增长,施工完成后,锚索轴力达到最大值。总体上看,均衡支护和非均衡支护下的锚索轴力均未超出设计值,仍具有较大安全冗余度,在考虑经济和施工便捷来看,层状岩体隧道采用非均衡支护更具优势。
部分重庆国博车站隧道现场施工过程图片如图10所示。结合现场施工情况可知,采用非均衡锚索支护方案过程中,临时支撑拆除前后均未发生显著的围岩变形和支护侵限现象。
为进一步获得特大断面层状岩体隧道采用非均衡锚索支护方案施工过程中隧道变形规律,于隧道拱顶和边墙设置若干位移监测点,并选取了典型断面(K15+630断面、K15+665断面)的现场拱顶沉降监测数据如图11所示。
图11可知,随着隧道开挖,隧道拱顶沉降呈逐渐增大的趋势,其中,K15+630断面的拱顶沉降在6月4日—7月9日增长最为显著,增幅为12 mm。从结合现场施工和图11监测数据来看,K15+630断面、K15+665断面处的①部、②部、③部均开挖完成,最大监测拱顶沉降分别为13.1 mm和12.1 mm,而数值计算③开挖完成后拱顶沉降为14.1 mm,二者沉降差值仅为2 mm,误差较小,验证了本文数值模拟的合理性。
(1)均衡支护和非均衡支护下,开挖完成后的部分围岩水平位移差值最大为3.7 mm,其余分部开挖完成后二者围岩位移基本一致。从总体上来看,两者围岩变形差异并不明显,说明均衡支护对进一步控制围岩变形影响较小。
(2)随着隧道的开挖,均衡支护和非均衡支护下隧道塑性区面积差值百分率为4.8%。虽然增加锚索布置的均衡支护减少了塑性区面积,但对改善围岩稳定性影响不大。两种支护方式下支护结构的安全系数验算后均能达到安全标准,同时锚索轴力也均远未达到极限承载力,保证了施工的安全性和可靠性。
(3)综合比较围岩变形、塑性区面积、初支内力和锚索轴力,均衡支护和非均衡支护均能保证结构的安全稳定,但考虑经济效益和施工便捷性,均衡支护相较于非均衡支护锚索长度增加了54 m,增幅为51%,施工过程也更繁琐,故非均衡支护施工更具有优越性。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52178395)
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2025年第25卷第18期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406487
  • 接收时间:2024-08-29
  • 首发时间:2025-12-17
  • 出版时间:2025-06-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-29
  • 修回日期:2025-05-02
基金
国家自然科学基金(52178395)
作者信息
    1 中交第三公路工程局有限公司, 北京 100304
    2 西南交通大学土木工程学院 交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室, 成都 610031

通讯作者:

* 章慧健(1982—),男,汉族,浙江淳安人,博士,副教授。研究方向:隧道及地下工程支护力学机制。E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406487
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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