Article(id=1208051025768976953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405212, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1720627200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-11, revisedDate=1742140800000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765951409046, onlineDateStr=2025-12-17, pubDate=1751040000000, pubDateStr=2025-06-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765951409046, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765951409046, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765951409046, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208051024368083510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='18', pageStart='7455', pageEnd='7883', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765951408712, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765951896766, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208053071507198943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208053071507198944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1208051024368083510, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=7475, endPage=7484, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208051026159047230, articleId=1208051025768976953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Review of Research on Lateral Resistance Performance of Cross-laminated Timber Shear Walls, columnId=1177980718987751529, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Surveies·Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

CLT(cross-laminated timber) shear wall structure has emerged as one of the rapidly advancing mid-to-high-rise timber structural systems in recent years. Extensive research on the lateral resistance performance of CLT shear walls has been conducted by both domestic and international scholars. A comprehensive synthesis of findings concerning lateral resistance capabilities was conducted for CLT shear walls, including single-panel, multi-panel, and CLT shear walls with openings. Failure modes, load-bearing capacities, and stiffness characteristics were systematically examined across these structural variations. Comparative evaluations of multiple calculation methods for lateral bearing capacity and stiffness determination were performed, alongside a compilation of standardized methodologies from domestic and international specifications for timber shear wall analysis. Specialized recommendations were formulated specifically for CLT structural applications. Current research advancements were consolidated, and strategic directions were proposed to guide subsequent investigations into CLT shear wall performance under lateral loading conditions, establishing critical references for ongoing research development in this specialized engineering field.

, correspAuthors=Shi-ping HUANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Nan-nan CUI, Shu-pu DING, Shi-ping HUANG, Cheng WEI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1208051028889539190, articleId=1208051025768976953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=正交胶合木剪力墙抗侧性能综述, columnId=1177980719147135082, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=综述·建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

正交胶合木(cross-laminated timber,CLT)剪力墙结构是近年来发展迅猛的中高层木结构体系之一,中外学者针对CLT剪力墙的抗侧力性能展开了深入研究。总结了单板CLT剪力墙、多拼板CLT剪力墙和CLT开洞剪力墙抗侧性能的研究成果,对剪力墙的破坏模式、承载能力以及刚度进行梳理,同时,对抗侧承载力和抗侧刚度的计算方法进行归纳和比较分析;整理了中外规范中木结构剪力墙的抗侧承载力计算方法,提出适用CLT剪力墙的建议。最后,对当前研究进行了总结与展望,旨在对CLT剪力墙的抗侧性能研究提供参考。

, correspAuthors=黄仕平, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 黄仕平(1982—),男,汉族,广东龙川人,博士,教授。研究方向:木结构,结构振动分析。E-mail: edu.cn。
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崔楠楠(1987—),女,汉族,山东济南人,博士,副教授。研究方向:木结构,智能建造。E-mail:

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崔楠楠(1987—),女,汉族,山东济南人,博士,副教授。研究方向:木结构,智能建造。E-mail:

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崔楠楠(1987—),女,汉族,山东济南人,博士,副教授。研究方向:木结构,智能建造。E-mail:

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Ottawa: Standards Council Canada, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1208085597047071712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, awardId=ZR2020QE248, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE248), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208085587156902174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085587165290783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, companyId=1208085587156902174, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Traffic Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085587169485088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, companyId=1208085587156902174, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 山东建筑大学交通工程学院, 济南 250101)]), AuthorCompany(id=1208085587316285746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085587333062965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, companyId=1208085587316285746, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208085587349840184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, companyId=1208085587316285746, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 华南理工大学土木与交通学院, 广州 510640)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1208085592445919940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Single-panel CLT shear wall, figureFileSmall=vlxnPZyshoSbLZamqeChDA==, figureFileBig=80FVKYlncVvAjwTLkbJKOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085592546583248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图1, caption=单板CLT剪力墙, figureFileSmall=vlxnPZyshoSbLZamqeChDA==, figureFileBig=80FVKYlncVvAjwTLkbJKOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085592672412382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Four deformations of the CLT shear wall under the lateral load[25], figureFileSmall=4n8sLBML6naRRvp1b/zcCw==, figureFileBig=+oURaClOE8M+QU6nLtBxaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085592777269991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图2, caption=CLT剪力墙在侧向荷载下的4种变形[25], figureFileSmall=4n8sLBML6naRRvp1b/zcCw==, figureFileBig=+oURaClOE8M+QU6nLtBxaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085592856961776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Calculation model of anti-rotation bearing capacity, figureFileSmall=D3gk6ZzoQoHc1wpsyQsXTw==, figureFileBig=ceuE99M3f9whYjwQyx70fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085592970207992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图3, caption=抗转动承载力计算模型

Hi为第i个连接件的剪切强度;w为墙体宽度;q为竖向荷载;h为墙体高度;dn为第一个抗拉节点到最后一个抗拉节点之间的距离

, figureFileSmall=D3gk6ZzoQoHc1wpsyQsXTw==, figureFileBig=ceuE99M3f9whYjwQyx70fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085593066676994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Multi-panel CLT shear wall, figureFileSmall=+gg7MCHt3Ey5Vl6b/V3pxA==, figureFileBig=BZfLKBOT8vaBjQZtxk1A0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085593158951694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图4, caption=多拼板CLT剪力墙, figureFileSmall=+gg7MCHt3Ey5Vl6b/V3pxA==, figureFileBig=BZfLKBOT8vaBjQZtxk1A0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085593268003609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Connection method of self-tapping screws in CLT multi-panel shear wall, figureFileSmall=NTjn43N9TK+R7WzcwhYyOA==, figureFileBig=HdqZYxitSAkkIanAKhBDaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085593460941605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图5, caption=CLT多拼板剪力墙中自攻螺钉的连接方式, figureFileSmall=NTjn43N9TK+R7WzcwhYyOA==, figureFileBig=HdqZYxitSAkkIanAKhBDaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085593599353652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Bi-directional butt joint[37], figureFileSmall=9eRGVgrO45rWp6wQ9He7yw==, figureFileBig=ewmh78I9CvX9+uJ3BXdpHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085593783903042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图6, caption=双向对接连接[37], figureFileSmall=9eRGVgrO45rWp6wQ9He7yw==, figureFileBig=ewmh78I9CvX9+uJ3BXdpHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595033805647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Calculation model for bearing capacity of multi-panel CLT shear wall[25] , figureFileSmall=/P/rGFn9hOGwCqvyylTKXg==, figureFileBig=30aqPMRWQFZOHnqNJE17IQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595159634781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图7, caption=多拼板CLT剪力墙承载力计算模型[25]

FV为抗侧承载力;l为每块板的长度;RV,12RV,23为半搭接节点传递的剪力;SA为角撑的水平分力;TA,i,j为第块板角撑的竖向分力;xA,i,j为第j块CLT板中第i个角撑到转动中心的距离;lc,j为第j块板的受压区长度;σc,j为第j块板角部的压应力最大值;b为顺纹层板的厚度

, figureFileSmall=/P/rGFn9hOGwCqvyylTKXg==, figureFileBig=30aqPMRWQFZOHnqNJE17IQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595277075303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Types of CLT shear walls with openings, figureFileSmall=0VdMJ65acHwUqCV1X3a/Ww==, figureFileBig=KG2utX0pldFkQxrnpVOw2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595419681652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图8, caption=CLT开洞剪力墙的类型, figureFileSmall=0VdMJ65acHwUqCV1X3a/Ww==, figureFileBig=KG2utX0pldFkQxrnpVOw2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595583259522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Schematic diagram of a shear wall with openings, figureFileSmall=T836Z2Lvw+yEa+OeHBD8yw==, figureFileBig=WQznfnI/hyKHQ8VoJA9D4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595734254472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=图9, caption=开洞剪力墙的示意图, figureFileSmall=T836Z2Lvw+yEa+OeHBD8yw==, figureFileBig=WQznfnI/hyKHQ8VoJA9D4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208085595872666510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Summary of theoretical calculation of lateral bearing capacity of single-panel CLT shear wall

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献来源 受压区 是否考虑抗平移承载力 角撑的作用
[19] 仅抗剪
[10] 抗剪、抗拉独立作用
[24] 拉剪耦合
[21] 矩形,1/4墙宽
竖向荷载引起摩擦力
仅抗剪
[23] 矩形,1/4墙宽
受压区合力产生摩擦力
拉剪耦合
[20] 矩形,0.8fc控制 仅抗剪
[22] 矩形,fc控制
受压区合力产生摩擦力
抗剪、抗拉独立作用
[25] 三角形,通过平衡方程获得 拉剪耦合
), ArticleFig(id=1208085595964941210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

单板CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力理论计算总结

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献来源 受压区 是否考虑抗平移承载力 角撑的作用
[19] 仅抗剪
[10] 抗剪、抗拉独立作用
[24] 拉剪耦合
[21] 矩形,1/4墙宽
竖向荷载引起摩擦力
仅抗剪
[23] 矩形,1/4墙宽
受压区合力产生摩擦力
拉剪耦合
[20] 矩形,0.8fc控制 仅抗剪
[22] 矩形,fc控制
受压区合力产生摩擦力
抗剪、抗拉独立作用
[25] 三角形,通过平衡方程获得 拉剪耦合
), ArticleFig(id=1208085596090770340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Summary of theoretical calculation of lateral stiffness of single-panel CLT shear wall

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献来源 关键点
[19] 以0.9倍的墙体宽度作为拉力作用的有效距离
[26-27] 区分了刚性和弹性基础对墙体的转动位移的影响;
考虑了弯曲变形
[21] 与文献[30-31]的方法相同,唯一的不同是降低了剪切模量值
[29] 考虑了拉剪相互作用;
剪切变形需要乘以1.2的换算系数
[28,30] 没有把平移变形和转动变形单独分析;
迭代计算了平移、转动变形
), ArticleFig(id=1208085596212405164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

单板CLT剪力墙抗侧刚度理论计算总结

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献来源 关键点
[19] 以0.9倍的墙体宽度作为拉力作用的有效距离
[26-27] 区分了刚性和弹性基础对墙体的转动位移的影响;
考虑了弯曲变形
[21] 与文献[30-31]的方法相同,唯一的不同是降低了剪切模量值
[29] 考虑了拉剪相互作用;
剪切变形需要乘以1.2的换算系数
[28,30] 没有把平移变形和转动变形单独分析;
迭代计算了平移、转动变形
), ArticleFig(id=1208085596342428595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Summary of calculation formulas for lateral load capacity in domestic and international wood structure design codes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中国
GB50005—2017[58]
Vd=∑fvdk1k2k3l
式中:Vd为单面铺板的轻型木结构剪力墙承载力设计值,若为两面铺板,则为承载力设计值之和;fvd为木基结构板材作面板的剪力墙抗侧承载力设计值,根据面板厚度,钉入的最小深度,钉直径的不同给出设计表格,查表得出;l为平行于荷载方向的剪力墙墙肢的长度;k1为骨架构件材料树种的调整系数;k2为强度调整系数,仅适用于无横撑水平铺板的剪力墙; k3为强度调整系数,仅适用于无横撑水平铺板的剪力墙
欧洲
EN1995-1-1[59]
Fi,v,Rd= F f , R d b i c i s
式中:Fi,v,Rd为轻型木结构剪力墙承载力设计值;Ff,Rd为单个钉连接的承载力;bi为墙板宽度s为钉距;当墙板宽度大于1/2墙高度时,ci=1,否则,ci=墙板宽度/一般墙高
加拿大
CSA 086-19[60]
Vr=∑Vrs
Vrs=φvdJDnsJusJsJhdLs
Vd= N u S
式中:轻型木结构剪力墙承载力设计值Vr为各墙肢剪力墙的抗剪承载力Vrs之和;φ=0.8;vd为的墙肢单位长度承载力;Nu为沿面板边缘每个连接件的承载力;S为沿着面板边缘连接件的间距;JD为对隔板的修正系数;ns为覆板-框架中连接件的数量;Jus为对无横撑剪力墙的修正系数;Js为对连接件间距的修正系数;Jhd为抗拉锚固件的修正系数;Ls为平行于荷载方向的为墙肢长度
), ArticleFig(id=1208085596506006461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

中外木结构设计规范抗侧承载力计算公式汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中国
GB50005—2017[58]
Vd=∑fvdk1k2k3l
式中:Vd为单面铺板的轻型木结构剪力墙承载力设计值,若为两面铺板,则为承载力设计值之和;fvd为木基结构板材作面板的剪力墙抗侧承载力设计值,根据面板厚度,钉入的最小深度,钉直径的不同给出设计表格,查表得出;l为平行于荷载方向的剪力墙墙肢的长度;k1为骨架构件材料树种的调整系数;k2为强度调整系数,仅适用于无横撑水平铺板的剪力墙; k3为强度调整系数,仅适用于无横撑水平铺板的剪力墙
欧洲
EN1995-1-1[59]
Fi,v,Rd= F f , R d b i c i s
式中:Fi,v,Rd为轻型木结构剪力墙承载力设计值;Ff,Rd为单个钉连接的承载力;bi为墙板宽度s为钉距;当墙板宽度大于1/2墙高度时,ci=1,否则,ci=墙板宽度/一般墙高
加拿大
CSA 086-19[60]
Vr=∑Vrs
Vrs=φvdJDnsJusJsJhdLs
Vd= N u S
式中:轻型木结构剪力墙承载力设计值Vr为各墙肢剪力墙的抗剪承载力Vrs之和;φ=0.8;vd为的墙肢单位长度承载力;Nu为沿面板边缘每个连接件的承载力;S为沿着面板边缘连接件的间距;JD为对隔板的修正系数;ns为覆板-框架中连接件的数量;Jus为对无横撑剪力墙的修正系数;Js为对连接件间距的修正系数;Jhd为抗拉锚固件的修正系数;Ls为平行于荷载方向的为墙肢长度
), ArticleFig(id=1208085596627641286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Summary of calculation methods for lateral load-bearing capacity of wood-framed shear walls

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
规范 关键点
中国
GB50005—2017[58]
没有区分面板材料对剪力墙性能的影响;
墙肢的单位长度承载力由面板厚度,钉入的最小深度,钉直径的不同直接由表给出;
适用于轻型木结构剪力墙
欧洲
EN1995-1-1[59]
墙肢的承载力通过钉连接的承载力计算得出;
适用于所有底部采用钉连接的木结构剪力墙
加拿大
CSA086-19[60]
区分了不同面板材料对剪力墙的影响;
墙肢的承载力通过每个连接件的承载力计算得出;
明确指出该公式不适应于CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力的计算,CLT剪力墙的承载力需要用力学原理进行推算
), ArticleFig(id=1208085596807996365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1208051025768976953, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

木结构剪力墙抗侧承载力计算方法总结

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
规范 关键点
中国
GB50005—2017[58]
没有区分面板材料对剪力墙性能的影响;
墙肢的单位长度承载力由面板厚度,钉入的最小深度,钉直径的不同直接由表给出;
适用于轻型木结构剪力墙
欧洲
EN1995-1-1[59]
墙肢的承载力通过钉连接的承载力计算得出;
适用于所有底部采用钉连接的木结构剪力墙
加拿大
CSA086-19[60]
区分了不同面板材料对剪力墙的影响;
墙肢的承载力通过每个连接件的承载力计算得出;
明确指出该公式不适应于CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力的计算,CLT剪力墙的承载力需要用力学原理进行推算
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正交胶合木剪力墙抗侧性能综述
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崔楠楠 1 , 丁书蒲 1 , 黄仕平 2, * , 魏成 1
科学技术与工程 | 综述·建筑科学 2025,25(18): 7475-7484
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科学技术与工程 | 综述·建筑科学 2025, 25(18): 7475-7484
正交胶合木剪力墙抗侧性能综述
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崔楠楠1 , 丁书蒲1, 黄仕平2, * , 魏成1
作者信息
  • 1 山东建筑大学交通工程学院, 济南 250101
  • 2 华南理工大学土木与交通学院, 广州 510640
  • 崔楠楠(1987—),女,汉族,山东济南人,博士,副教授。研究方向:木结构,智能建造。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 黄仕平(1982—),男,汉族,广东龙川人,博士,教授。研究方向:木结构,结构振动分析。E-mail: edu.cn。
Review of Research on Lateral Resistance Performance of Cross-laminated Timber Shear Walls
Nan-nan CUI1 , Shu-pu DING1, Shi-ping HUANG2, * , Cheng WEI1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Traffic Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
  • 2 School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
出版时间: 2025-06-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405212
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正交胶合木(cross-laminated timber,CLT)剪力墙结构是近年来发展迅猛的中高层木结构体系之一,中外学者针对CLT剪力墙的抗侧力性能展开了深入研究。总结了单板CLT剪力墙、多拼板CLT剪力墙和CLT开洞剪力墙抗侧性能的研究成果,对剪力墙的破坏模式、承载能力以及刚度进行梳理,同时,对抗侧承载力和抗侧刚度的计算方法进行归纳和比较分析;整理了中外规范中木结构剪力墙的抗侧承载力计算方法,提出适用CLT剪力墙的建议。最后,对当前研究进行了总结与展望,旨在对CLT剪力墙的抗侧性能研究提供参考。

正交胶合木  /  抗侧性能  /  综述  /  剪力墙  /  多拼板剪力墙  /  开洞剪力墙

CLT(cross-laminated timber) shear wall structure has emerged as one of the rapidly advancing mid-to-high-rise timber structural systems in recent years. Extensive research on the lateral resistance performance of CLT shear walls has been conducted by both domestic and international scholars. A comprehensive synthesis of findings concerning lateral resistance capabilities was conducted for CLT shear walls, including single-panel, multi-panel, and CLT shear walls with openings. Failure modes, load-bearing capacities, and stiffness characteristics were systematically examined across these structural variations. Comparative evaluations of multiple calculation methods for lateral bearing capacity and stiffness determination were performed, alongside a compilation of standardized methodologies from domestic and international specifications for timber shear wall analysis. Specialized recommendations were formulated specifically for CLT structural applications. Current research advancements were consolidated, and strategic directions were proposed to guide subsequent investigations into CLT shear wall performance under lateral loading conditions, establishing critical references for ongoing research development in this specialized engineering field.

cross-laminated timber  /  lateral resistance performance  /  review  /  shear wall  /  multi-panel shear wall  /  shear wall with openings
崔楠楠, 丁书蒲, 黄仕平, 魏成. 正交胶合木剪力墙抗侧性能综述. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (18) : 7475 -7484 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405212
Nan-nan CUI, Shu-pu DING, Shi-ping HUANG, Cheng WEI. Review of Research on Lateral Resistance Performance of Cross-laminated Timber Shear Walls[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (18) : 7475 -7484 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405212
全球经济正加速迈向绿色低碳化转型发展[1],绿色节能建筑相关材料与技术的研发[2-3]在世界范围内得到广泛关注,中高层现代木结构建筑成为发展趋势之一,中高层木结构的发展得益于新型高强工程木材料的不断涌现,尤其是正交胶合木(cross-laminated timber,CLT)的应用[4]。作为一种极具前景的可持续材料,CLT在环保性、能效和结构性能等方面展现出显著优势。然而,CLT剪力墙承受侧向荷载(如风力和地震力)的能力对于确保这些结构的安全性和耐久性至关重要。了解CLT剪力墙的抗侧性能,包括其破坏模式、承载能力和刚度,对于CLT建筑的设计和施工至关重要。这项研究对于推动CLT技术的发展、促进其更广泛的应用,以及确保CLT结构在侧向荷载作用下居住者的安全具有重要意义。
CLT是由至少三层实木锯材或结构复合材在层与层之间正交组坯粘贴而成的一种预制实心工程木板。正交胶合木结构一般以CLT板材作为剪力墙与楼板,通过底部抗剪与抗拉连接、板材间拼接连接等形成剪力墙结构体系[5]。CLT剪力墙依据其构造差异,被划分为单板剪力墙与多拼板剪力墙两大类别,鉴于建筑功能需求与立面美学的双重考量,墙体开洞设计成为必然,这为CLT剪力墙的抗侧性能研究增添了新的复杂性。
在广泛总结单板、多拼板及开洞剪力墙抗侧性能研究的基础上,现将研究焦点对准侧向荷载下的破坏模式、抗侧承载力公式及抗侧刚度的计算方法,指出当前研究中的共识与分歧,还针对现有计算方法的不足,提出具体的优化建议。梳理现有研究的成果与不足,对比分析中外木结构剪力墙抗侧承载力条文规范,更以前瞻性的视角,对未来研究方向进行展望,旨在推动CLT剪力墙抗侧性能研究的进一步深入与拓展。
CLT单板剪力墙,是由一整块CLT板材构成的剪力墙结构,如图1所示。
2006年意大利国家研究委员会开展了SOFIE项目[6],通过足尺7层CLT结构的振动台试验,研究了该种新结构体系的适用性及抗震性能。该项研究的一个重要结论是CLT剪力墙的连接件(抗拉锚固件Hold-down和角撑Angle bracket)的性能对结构响应起控制作用[7-8],特别是结构的延性和耗能依赖于连接件的塑性变形[9]。2010年加拿大林产品创新研究中心(FPInnovation)对CLT剪力墙进行了一系列单调加载试验和拟静力试验[10],变化参数包括墙体尺寸、轴压比、加载方案、连接件等。Shen等[11]通过单调加载试验和拟静力试验研究了连接方式对CLT剪力墙抗震性能的影响。Okabe等[12]和Yasumura[13]研究了用日本雪松代替传统欧洲云杉板材的CLT剪力墙的抗侧性能。在国内,王志强等[14]研究了层板材料对CLT剪力墙抗侧性能的影响。几乎所有的试验均证实了一个结论:连接件的类型、数量及位置对剪力墙的滞回特性起关键作用;CLT墙板的面内变形很小,可视作刚体。
在单板CLT剪力墙的破坏模式问题上,基于大量的CLT剪力墙试验[6],可以发现单板CLT剪力墙在侧向荷载下的变形类型有4种:墙板弯曲、墙板剪切、平移和转动,如图2所示。Gavric等[15]进一步提出,发生墙板弯曲、墙板剪切的比例很小,所以主要发生的变形有3种:仅平移、仅转动以及平移-转动。在平移变形中,主要表现为角撑中钉子的剪切破坏和抗拉锚固件中钢板的屈曲[16];在转动变形中,主要表现为连接件中的钉子在拉伸方向屈服和拔出,水平方向无明显破坏;在转动-平移的变形中,主要表现为金属连接件的拉剪相互作用失效,连接件发生屈曲。Shi等[17]对速生杨CLT剪力墙进行了拟静力试验,通过研究速生杨的强度等级、竖向拼缝和加速老化处理得出了5种破坏模式:①自攻螺钉钉帽断裂;②抗拉锚固件上板及自攻螺钉孔处发生局部屈曲;③抗拉锚固件沿自攻螺钉孔边缘处切断;④角撑在L弯处屈曲并且螺栓孔椭圆化;⑤在木材加速老化处理后,抗拉锚固件处的木块断裂。值得注意的是,前4种破坏模式在不同参数下均能观察到,第5种木块断裂现象却不能。总的来说,单板CLT剪力墙最终的破坏都源于金属连接件的屈曲或者钉子的屈服与断裂,木材几乎不发生破坏。
在单板CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力及刚度演化的计算方面,大多数方法是认为墙体是刚性的,忽略了墙体本身的变形。由于墙板弯曲变形和剪切变形的比例较少,平移和转动产生的变形比例较大[18],抗侧承载力可以简化为F=min(FR;FT),其中FR为抗转动承载力,FT为抗平移承载力。
对于抗平移承载力的计算,文献[19-24]都认为侧向荷载由角撑承担,且抗平移承载力只与水平方向的剪切作用有关。对于抗平移承载力中摩擦力的计算,文献[21-22,27]均考虑了墙体平移产生的摩擦力。Wallner-Novak等[21]考虑了竖向荷载引起的摩擦力(摩擦系数μ=0.4),Reynolds等[22]和肖从真等[23]考虑了受压区合力产生的摩擦力(摩擦系数μ=0.2)。
抗转动承载力的简化计算方法大致分为3类,共有4种模型如图3所示。
第一类是Pei等[10]和Casagrande等[19]提出的计算抗侧承载力的方法,共同点CLT板绕其底部边缘转动。Pei等[10]提出的模型A考虑了连接件的变形,认为节点拉力与节点到转动点的距离di成正比。Casagrande等[19]提出的模型B认为仅最外侧抗拉节点提供拉力T,其他节点(角撑)不提供拉力,拉力到转动点的距离为墙宽的0.9倍。
第二类是Reynolds等[22]、Wallner-Novak等[21]和Gavric[24]提出的抗转动承载力的计算方法,该类方法共同点是都考虑了受压区,不同的是每个人对受压区的区域定义不同,以及考虑抗拉节点的范围也不同。Reynolds等[22]提出的模型C中假设受压区宽度为x,受压区以外的节点承受拉力,在极限状态时,最外侧节点达到其抗拉强度T,每个连接节点的拉力Ti与节点到墙板边缘的距离di成正比,即Ti=Tdi/dn,且Ti不应超过各个连接节点的最大抗拉承载力。霍亮亮等[25]和Gavric[24]在模型B的基础上考虑了受压区,前者假设受压区的宽度为墙宽的1/4,后者假设受压区的大小为宽度x的0.8倍,总压力均与CLT面板的顺纹抗压强度fc有关。
第三类是Flatscher等[28]、肖从真等[23]和Gavric[29]提出的抗转动承载力的计算方法,均采用圆形公式计算了角撑拉伸和剪切的相互作用,见模型D。Gavric等[24]没有考虑受压区,肖从真等[23]和Gavric[25]考虑了受压区,且均不考虑受压区内抗倾覆力。肖从真等[23]在Reynolds等[24]的基础上增加受压区为墙宽的1/4。值得注意的是,霍亮亮[29]假设受压区是三角形,对于底部连接件,认为角撑和抗拉锚固件应分开考虑。仅有角撑连接时,考虑角撑的抗拉伸能力和抗剪切能力,距离加载点最近的角撑达到其极限承载力时,认为达到了承载力下限;所有角撑均达到极限承载力时,则认为达到了承载力上限。当角撑连接的抗倾覆能力不足以抵抗倾覆力时,需要设置抗拉锚固件连接。此时,认为水平方向的剪力全部由角撑传至基础,而倾覆力完全由抗拉锚固件连接抵抗。
对上述CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力理论计算进行总结,如表1所示。
对于抗侧刚度的计算,Casagrande等[19]提出的计算方法忽略了CLT墙板的弯曲变形。文献[21,26-29]均计入墙板弯曲变形,[21,29-31]考虑了连接件的非线性,定义了连接件三线性刚度曲线;Flatscher等[28,30]考虑了平移与转动变形的相互影响,通过迭代计算了平移、转动变形的大小。总体来说,墙板弯曲变形在总变形中的比例较小,剪力墙的刚度依赖于连接件的刚度,如表2所示。
与CLT单板剪力墙不同,CLT多拼板剪力墙是由多块CLT板材拼接而成的剪力墙结构。这种剪力墙通过合理的板材拼接和连接方式,将多块CLT板材组合成一个整体,共同承担建筑物的水平荷载,如图4所示。
关于多拼板CLT剪力墙的抗侧性能,竖向连接对抵抗侧向荷载起到关键作用[31-32]。竖向连接大多采用自攻螺钉,连接方式一般为半搭接连接和表面花键连接(图5)。
在竖向连接中,学者们主要探究了不同的自攻螺钉数量、连接方式对墙体力学特性的影响,或者设计新型连接件来提高墙体的极限承载力和抗震韧性。Shahnewaz等[33]和Izzi等[34]建立了双拼板数值模型来探究竖向连接对抗侧性能的影响,评估了双拼板的刚度退化能力、延性和耗能能力,得出竖向连接中连接件的数量越多,抗侧性能越好的结论。Hossain等[35]创新了一种竖向连接的连接方式,即自攻螺钉采用双向对接方式(图6),对10片三拼板进行了单调加载试验和拟静力试验,由试验得出屈服荷载、屈服位移、刚度和延性比等数据,证明了双向对接方式是一种可行的选择。Dires等[31]和Pang等[32]设计了新型连接件,并分别进行了单调加载试验和拟静力试验,发现使用新型钢制连接件的多拼板有很好的抗侧性能。Zhang等[36]通过对22个三维有限元模型进行模态和时程分析,得出竖向连接刚度对高层CLT结构的动力特性和抗震性能影响较小,这种影响随着建筑物高度的增加而减小。
关于多拼板CLT剪力墙在侧向荷载下破坏模式的研究,Gavric等[15]和Casagrande等[37]提出3种运动学行为:①耦合板行为,即各块CLT板均绕其各自底部边缘靠近角点的某点发生刚体转动;②单墙行为,即各块板视为一个整体,绕距离加载点最远的板的底部边缘发生转动;③单-耦合板行为,即介于耦合板行为和单板行为之间的运动行为。Casagrande等[37]进行了数值模拟,验证了多拼板的运动行为依赖于底部抗拉锚固件与竖向连接的刚度比值。Masroor等[38]认为理想的破坏机制是在侧向荷载的作用下墙体发生耦合板行为,因为在这种破坏模式下墙体的平移变形占比少,而转动变形占比大。由于墙体的自定心作用,转动变形是可恢复的,而平移变形则会产生残余位移。
在多拼板中,竖向连接和底部连接的破坏有一定的顺序,但先后顺序尚未有统一的结论。Masroor等[38]通过数值模拟验证了多拼板的破坏模式顺序为竖向连接最先屈服,抗拉锚固件后屈服,在此期间角撑一直保持弹性。霍亮亮[25]则认为底部连接件在竖向连接屈服之前破坏。
中外对多拼板剪力墙抗侧承载力、刚度计算的研究还比较少。Masroor等[38]采用基于能量设计方法提出了多拼板依赖于破坏机制的解析表达式。霍亮亮[25]在单板抗侧承载力公式的基础上,提出多拼板的计算模型(图7),并推导了多拼板抗侧承载力的下限[图7(a)]和上限[图7(b)]。和单板不同的是多拼板中各板的受压区长度和受力不同。
在CLT建筑设计中,鉴于建筑的功能需求和立面布局,剪力墙上通常需要设置门窗洞口。开洞的方式主要有两种:一种是在整块CLT板中直接切割出洞口,称为整切式;另一种则是使用尺寸较小的CLT板拼接成带洞口的剪力墙,即拼接式[39],如图8所示。整切式开洞剪力墙的制作工艺复杂,容易造成材料的浪费,但刚度强度较大,欧洲较多采用该方式。拼接式开洞剪力墙节省材料、抗震性能好,北美地区青睐于采用拼接式[40]
由于洞口的存在,导致剪力墙的有效承载面积减少,降低了其整体的承载能力和抗侧变形能力[41]。在侧向荷载作用下,开洞的尺寸、形状和位置的不同能够产生不同的破坏模式[42]。另外,开洞会改变剪力墙中的应力分布路径,在洞口周围区域产生应力集中[43],导致局部裂缝或破坏[40,44],影响建筑物对地震或风荷载的响应。因此,合理设计洞口以及理解这些影响对确保整切式开洞剪力墙结构安全至关重要。
Zhang等[45]通过对比3个开洞和未开洞的CLT剪力墙单调加载试验结果,得出应力集中在开洞上下方靠近加载点一侧的拐角的区域,并且当开洞尺寸相同时,洞口宽度较大的墙板剪切刚度更小,失效更为严重;通过使用1 mm薄钢板来加固洞口上下区域,发现没有显著提高墙体的极限抗侧承载力,但提高了墙体的剪切刚度。Aljuhmani等[46]为排除底部连接件的影响,对7块不同开洞尺寸、形状的中心对称无偏心的剪力墙进行了3次重复的压缩试验。发现开洞对墙体初始刚度降低的影响大于对承载力降低的影响。Shahnewaz等[47]、Xue等[48]和Casagrande等[49]分别通过单调加载试验、拟静力试验以及数值模拟验证的方法,对开洞的尺寸、形状进行了敏感性分析,评估了开洞对墙体刚度的影响。Shahnewaz等[47,50]结合了Dujic等[51]和Mestar等[52]对洞口尺寸、形状不同程度降低墙体刚度的研究结果,给出了开洞剪力墙刚度折减公式,即
$K_{\text {opening }}=K_{\text {full }}\left[1-\frac{r_{\mathrm{o} / \mathrm{w}}\left(A_{\mathrm{o}} / A_{\mathrm{w}}\right)}{\sqrt{r_{\mathrm{o} / \mathrm{w}}+r_{\mathrm{o}}\left(A_{\mathrm{o}} / A_{\mathrm{w}}\right)-2\left(r_{\text {off }} / r_{\mathrm{w}}\right)}}\right]$
式(1)中:KopeningKfull分别为有无开洞的墙的刚度;AoAw分别为开洞面积和具有开洞的墙体面积;ro为开洞的长高比;ro/w为开洞与墙体尺寸的最大长高比(lo/Lho/H的最大值);rw为墙体的长高比;xoffyoff分别为沿着墙体长度、高度的偏移量;roff为偏移量与墙体尺寸比值(xoff/Lyoff/H),具体标注如图9所示。
在CLT开洞剪力墙的破坏机制方面,Casagrande等[53-54]和Tran等[55]建立了等效的数值模型,可以简便分析侧向荷载下的破坏机制。Casagrande等[53]对6种不同开洞尺寸、形状、类型的剪力墙进行了单调加载试验,由试验可以观察到连梁产生了弯曲和剪切破坏,抗拉锚固件发生了拉伸破坏,开洞周围区域存在脆性破坏。Aljuhmani等[46]对长高比不同的剪力墙进行压缩试验,对比发现洞口剪切破坏方向平行于开洞较大尺寸的一侧。Mestar等[52,56]建立了不同尺寸的门型和窗型开洞剪力墙的数值模型,用来探究开洞对底部剪切的影响,发现墙肢和连梁的长高比越大,底部剪切力越小,越不容易产生破坏。
与整切式剪力墙相比,拼接式开洞剪力墙在侧向荷载下的破坏模式表现出一些差异[42]。Pai等[40,57]通过建立4种不同开洞剪力墙的数值模型,深入研究了拼接式开洞剪力墙在开洞拐角处的力传递机制,发现Diekmann模型是分析窗型洞口周围传递力的最合适的模型。霍亮亮[25]建立了拼接式门型开洞剪力墙有限元模型,结果表明各墙肢运动没有受连梁影响,连梁只是起到了传递水平力的作用。
为了深入了解材料性能和墙体的几何形状对其刚度的影响,Pai[57]建立了一个线性回归模型用来预测具有窗型开洞剪力墙的抗侧刚度;为了减少开洞降低抗侧承载力和刚度的影响,在开洞周围布置了钢拉杆。
对于拼接式开洞剪力墙,未来的研究可以探讨洞口尺寸、类型、竖向连接和底部连接件布局、竖向荷载大小对墙体抗侧性能的影响。对于墙体的破坏模式,可参考多拼板的力学行为,根据竖向连接和底部连接件的刚度比值,确定墙体的运动方式是否为耦合板行为、单-耦合板行为、单板行为。连梁与两边板之间由于没有底部连接件的支撑,所以该部分的破坏行为尚不清楚。总的来说,CLT拼接式开洞剪力墙是一个尚待深入研究的领域。
由于现有规范中尚未有CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力计算相关的条文,本文研究对其他类型木结构剪力墙的抗侧承载力计算公式进行总结(表3),为CLT剪力墙的承载力的计算提供参考。
对上述中外木结构剪力墙抗侧承载力规范计算方法进行总结分析,如表4所示。
规范中公式的共同点为剪力墙的承载力均等于各墙肢承载力之和;对于开洞剪力墙,不考虑连梁和洞口下方墙肢对承载力的作用。从公式的具体形式来看,欧洲规范[59]和加拿大规范[60]从连接的承载力考虑整个墙体的承载力,对研究CLT剪力墙的计算有一个很好的启发,但仅研究连接的承载力对于整个墙体的承载力的计算还是偏于保守。从适用范围来看,加拿大规范[64]中明确CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力需要用力学原理进行计算,其他规范没有提及CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力的计算。因此,对现有CLT剪力墙需要做进一步系统的研究,考虑连接件、竖向荷载、开洞等因素,提出能够准确预测、简单方便的抗侧承载力计算公式。
通过对单板、多拼板和开洞剪力墙抗侧性能的研究进行总结与分析,得出以下结论。
(1)CLT剪力墙破坏模式的共同点是底部金属连接件屈曲或者钉子屈曲、断裂而发生失效;在多拼板和拼接式剪力墙中,竖向连接和底部连接的破坏有一定的顺序,但先后顺序尚待进一步研究。
(2)针对CLT整切式开洞剪力墙的研究相对较多,拼接式开洞剪力墙的研究较少。缺少对拼接式开洞剪力墙洞口参数化的研究,以及拼接式开洞剪力墙的试验研究尚未见报道。
(3)CLT剪力墙力传递机制复杂,影响因素多,目前中外的相关抗侧承载力计算方法之间差异较大,且缺乏开洞剪力墙抗侧承载力的计算。
(4)中外虽然都在逐渐完善木结构规范中抗侧承载力的规定,但鲜有CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力的相关条文。
针对CLT剪力墙抗侧性能研究中存在的问题与不足,未来可从以下方面开展进一步的研究。
(1) 进行多拼板的拟静力试验和多参数的数值模拟研究,探究墙体的竖向连接和底部连接破坏的顺序。
(2)进行拼接式开洞剪力墙的单调加载试验和拟静力试验分析,弥补缺乏试验验证的不足;以轻型木结构剪力墙和单板CLT剪力墙的抗侧承载力的计算公式为基础,结合开洞剪力墙试验和数值模拟的结果,推导CLT开洞剪力墙的抗侧承载力公式。
(3)在CLT剪力墙发生理想破坏模式的情况下,墙体刚度和承载力迅速退化,无法发挥CLT材料本身的强度,同时因木材销槽承压破坏严重,墙体难以修复。因此可进一步研发适用于CLT剪力墙的新型耗能连接件,提高结构的抗震韧性和可恢复性。
(4)结合中国国情和中外对CLT剪力墙抗侧性能的研究,完善中国木结构规范中CLT剪力墙抗侧承载力的相关条文。
  • 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE248)
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2025年第25卷第18期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405212
  • 接收时间:2024-07-11
  • 首发时间:2025-12-17
  • 出版时间:2025-06-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-11
  • 修回日期:2025-03-17
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山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QE248)
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    1 山东建筑大学交通工程学院, 济南 250101
    2 华南理工大学土木与交通学院, 广州 510640

通讯作者:

* 黄仕平(1982—),男,汉族,广东龙川人,博士,教授。研究方向:木结构,结构振动分析。E-mail: edu.cn。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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