Article(id=1207343636304470846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1207343627223802520, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406346, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1724342400000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765782754255, onlineDateStr=2025-12-15, pubDate=1750176000000, pubDateStr=2025-06-18, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765782754255, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765782754255, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765782754255, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1207343627223802520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='17', pageStart='7023', pageEnd='7453', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765782752085, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765783816840, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1207348093192872694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1207343627223802520, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1207348093192872695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1207343627223802520, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=7107, endPage=7114, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1207343638909133685, articleId=1207343636304470846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Top Coal Deformation and Support during Mining Process of Fully Mechanized Caving Face, columnId=1207343637592122209, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers-Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to study the deformation problem of the top coal area during the mining process of the fully mechanized top coal caving face, taking the fully mechanized top coal caving face of the Dongxia coal mine project as the engineering background, based on the specific coal seam characteristics of the fully mechanized top coal caving face, the support type and the parameters of support strength of the fully mechanized top coal caving face were analyzed. At the same time, combined with on-site monitoring data, the rated working resistance of the hydraulic support meets the on-site requirements of the working face. The discrete element software simulation analysis method was used to numerically simulate the deformation and support of the top coal during the mining process of the fully mechanized caving face in Dongxia coal mine project, and its application effect was verified. As the working face continues to move forward, the overlying basic roof undergoes periodic collapse, with an average cycle of about 20 m in step distance. In addition, the support effect of hydraulic support on the fully mechanized top coal caving working face did not change significantly with the increase of the advancing length. According to on-site monitoring data and calculation results, it is known that the selected hydraulic support can meet the support requirements of the fully mechanized mining face in the project.

, correspAuthors=Chao LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hao-fu DONG, Chao LI, Wei ZHANG, Ling-xiao YIN, Yang LIU, Feng-chao WANG, Yue NIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1207343646089781458, articleId=1207343636304470846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=综放工作面采动过程顶煤变形与支护, columnId=1156264152306930605, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·矿冶工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了研究综放工作面采动过程顶煤区域的变形与支护问题,以东峡煤矿项目综放工作面为工程背景,根据该项目综放工作面具体煤层特性,分析综放工作面支架的架型、支护强度等参数,同时结合现场监测资料,验证液压支架的额定工作阻力是否满足工作面现场要求。采用离散元软件模拟分析方法对东峡煤矿项目综放工作面采动过程顶煤变形和支护进行了数值模拟研究,对其应用效果进行验证。随着工作面继续向前推进,上覆基本顶发生周期性垮落,平均周期来压步距在20 m左右。此外,液压支护对于综放工作面的支护效果并未随着推进长度的增加而发生较大变化。根据现场监测数据和计算结果可知,选用的液压支架能满足项目综放工作面支护要求。

, correspAuthors=李超, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*李超(1990—),男,汉族,江西南昌人,博士,讲师。研究方向:矿山安全。E-mail:
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董昊福(1976—),男,汉族,甘肃庆阳人,高级工程师。研究方向:矿产采掘。E-mail:

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董昊福(1976—),男,汉族,甘肃庆阳人,高级工程师。研究方向:矿产采掘。E-mail:

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董昊福(1976—),男,汉族,甘肃庆阳人,高级工程师。研究方向:矿产采掘。E-mail:

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articleId=1207343636304470846, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Layout of stress monitoring probes

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测点名 安装位置 距巷道开口/m
1 上顺槽 0
3 上顺槽 30
5 上顺槽 60
7 上顺槽 90
9 上顺槽 120
11 上顺槽 150
13 上顺槽 180
41 上顺槽 432
43 上顺槽 402
45 上顺槽 372
47 上顺槽 342
97 上顺槽南(底板侧) 508
99 上顺槽南(底板侧) 538
101 上顺槽北(底板侧) 477
103 上顺槽北(底板侧) 447
), ArticleFig(id=1207400179326620366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1207343636304470846, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

应力监测探头布置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测点名 安装位置 距巷道开口/m
1 上顺槽 0
3 上顺槽 30
5 上顺槽 60
7 上顺槽 90
9 上顺槽 120
11 上顺槽 150
13 上顺槽 180
41 上顺槽 432
43 上顺槽 402
45 上顺槽 372
47 上顺槽 342
97 上顺槽南(底板侧) 508
99 上顺槽南(底板侧) 538
101 上顺槽北(底板侧) 477
103 上顺槽北(底板侧) 447
), ArticleFig(id=1207400179414700756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1207343636304470846, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Specific physical and mechanical parameters of each rock layer

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 密度/(kN·m-3) 体积模量/GPa 剪切模量/GPa 黏聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 抗拉强度/MPa
上覆岩层 25 12.3 18.5 3.6 35 3.4
砂岩 23.1 14.4 22.6 4.5 39 3.2
13.6 1.3 1.4 0.9 15 0.5
泥岩 18.4 11.1 11.6 2.5 25 1.6
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具体各岩层的物理力学参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称 密度/(kN·m-3) 体积模量/GPa 剪切模量/GPa 黏聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 抗拉强度/MPa
上覆岩层 25 12.3 18.5 3.6 35 3.4
砂岩 23.1 14.4 22.6 4.5 39 3.2
13.6 1.3 1.4 0.9 15 0.5
泥岩 18.4 11.1 11.6 2.5 25 1.6
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综放工作面采动过程顶煤变形与支护
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董昊福 1 , 李超 2, * , 张玮 1 , 殷凌霄 3 , 刘扬 1 , 王凤超 4 , 钮月 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·矿冶工程 2025,25(17): 7107-7114
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·矿冶工程 2025, 25(17): 7107-7114
综放工作面采动过程顶煤变形与支护
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董昊福1 , 李超2, * , 张玮1, 殷凌霄3, 刘扬1, 王凤超4, 钮月2
作者信息
  • 1 华亭煤业集团有限责任公司东峡煤矿, 平凉 744100
  • 2 中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院, 徐州 221116
  • 3 中国矿业大学安全工程学院, 徐州 221116
  • 4 中国矿业大学低碳能源与动力工程学院, 徐州 221116
  • 董昊福(1976—),男,汉族,甘肃庆阳人,高级工程师。研究方向:矿产采掘。E-mail:

通讯作者:

*李超(1990—),男,汉族,江西南昌人,博士,讲师。研究方向:矿山安全。E-mail:
Top Coal Deformation and Support during Mining Process of Fully Mechanized Caving Face
Hao-fu DONG1 , Chao LI2, * , Wei ZHANG1, Ling-xiao YIN3, Yang LIU1, Feng-chao WANG4, Yue NIU2
Affiliations
  • 1 Huating Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd., Dongxia Coal Mine, Pingliang 744100, China
  • 2 School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
  • 3 School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
  • 4 School of Low Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
出版时间: 2025-06-18 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406346
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为了研究综放工作面采动过程顶煤区域的变形与支护问题,以东峡煤矿项目综放工作面为工程背景,根据该项目综放工作面具体煤层特性,分析综放工作面支架的架型、支护强度等参数,同时结合现场监测资料,验证液压支架的额定工作阻力是否满足工作面现场要求。采用离散元软件模拟分析方法对东峡煤矿项目综放工作面采动过程顶煤变形和支护进行了数值模拟研究,对其应用效果进行验证。随着工作面继续向前推进,上覆基本顶发生周期性垮落,平均周期来压步距在20 m左右。此外,液压支护对于综放工作面的支护效果并未随着推进长度的增加而发生较大变化。根据现场监测数据和计算结果可知,选用的液压支架能满足项目综放工作面支护要求。

综放工作面  /  煤层特性  /  支护参数  /  数值模拟  /  顶煤变形

In order to study the deformation problem of the top coal area during the mining process of the fully mechanized top coal caving face, taking the fully mechanized top coal caving face of the Dongxia coal mine project as the engineering background, based on the specific coal seam characteristics of the fully mechanized top coal caving face, the support type and the parameters of support strength of the fully mechanized top coal caving face were analyzed. At the same time, combined with on-site monitoring data, the rated working resistance of the hydraulic support meets the on-site requirements of the working face. The discrete element software simulation analysis method was used to numerically simulate the deformation and support of the top coal during the mining process of the fully mechanized caving face in Dongxia coal mine project, and its application effect was verified. As the working face continues to move forward, the overlying basic roof undergoes periodic collapse, with an average cycle of about 20 m in step distance. In addition, the support effect of hydraulic support on the fully mechanized top coal caving working face did not change significantly with the increase of the advancing length. According to on-site monitoring data and calculation results, it is known that the selected hydraulic support can meet the support requirements of the fully mechanized mining face in the project.

fully mechanized caving face  /  coal seam characteristics  /  support parameters  /  numerical simulation  /  top coal deformation
董昊福, 李超, 张玮, 殷凌霄, 刘扬, 王凤超, 钮月. 综放工作面采动过程顶煤变形与支护. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (17) : 7107 -7114 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406346
Hao-fu DONG, Chao LI, Wei ZHANG, Ling-xiao YIN, Yang LIU, Feng-chao WANG, Yue NIU. Top Coal Deformation and Support during Mining Process of Fully Mechanized Caving Face[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (17) : 7107 -7114 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406346
随着中国经济持续稳定发展,国内煤炭需求持续增长。但是,由于国内煤炭资源分布不合理和开采条件各异等原因,同时鉴于中国人均占有量较少,因此,在保证安全的前提下开采过程中应最大限度地提高煤炭采出率,避免粗放型,保证煤炭可持续发展[1]
液压支架作为支护工作面开采空间的重要支撑体,对保证矿山安全高效开采意义重大[1-4]。由于中国幅员辽阔,东西部地质差异较大。因此,即使在东部矿山安全开采经验较为丰富的情况下,西部矿山安全开采技术也面临许多问题,需要重点关注和研究[5-8]。王国法等[9]致力于液压支架技术理论的研究,建立了液压支架技术理论体系框架,提出液压支架三维动态优化设计理论和方法。范志忠[10]、张作状[11]及张申等[12]针对液压支架自动化问题,探讨了液压支架自动控制、放煤自动化、工作状态模糊识别等自动化大采高综放工作面关键技术,提出了相应的自动化大采高综放工作面发展方向。从上面的分析可见,目前对于液压支架的研究主要集中在液压支架结构的优化设计和自身自动化技术革新,对于结合现场情况,针对实际综放工作面液压支架的顶板顶煤区域的变形规律和周期性断裂规律的应用和液压支架支护效果研究相对较少。目前,大多数支护研究均是对于巷道围岩支护效果研究。在深地煤岩理论上,何满潮等[13]针对深部工程所处的特殊地质力学环境,通过对深部工程岩体非线性力学特点的深入研究,指出深部工程岩体的基础理论深入研究已势在必行。在现场监测方面,柏建彪等[14]采用数值计算、现场钻孔窥视等方法研究分析了采动巷道底板变形破坏特征,揭示了浅部鼓起、深部下沉的底鼓机理。为了保证地表水体下综放工作面安全回采,王晶[15]以山西某矿为试验矿井,对地表沉降进行了监测分析,实现了水体下工作面的安全回采。在有限元分析上,康红普[16]基于有限元法分析了采动、侧压系数对巷道底臌的影响。为了解决特厚煤层回采巷道顶板变形严重、支护困难等问题,邓敢博[17]利用数值模拟软件分析了在原支护和高强恒阻让压锚网索联合支护两种护巷方式下巷道围岩变形情况,研究结果可为类似条件下的巷道顶板控制提供参考。为了进一步研究厚硬顶板临空巷道强矿压显现规律,杨继元等[18]以神东布尔台42107综放工作面为工程背景,通过理论分析、数值模拟和现场实测相结合的方式,系统研究了42107综放工作面超前段矿压显现规律。
以上都是对于巷道围岩的研究,对于顶煤研究较少。张文辉等[19]为研究特厚煤层大采高综放开采过程中顶煤随开采进程的渐进破坏行为,基于离散裂隙网络模型开发顶煤损伤裂隙的监测程序,实现顶煤放出全过程的工程尺度三维数值模拟。李东印等[20]为确定特厚煤层综放开采的合理放煤步距,探究放煤步距对顶煤遗失和回收率的影响机理,以塔山煤矿8222综放工作面为工程背景,探索顶煤在采空区内随综放工作面循环推进的遗失规律。赵光绪等[21]为解决唐庄煤矿工作阻力超限和支架严重损坏的问题,利用FLAC3D模拟软件建立数值模型对工作面支架的支护强度进行研究,分析控顶区顶煤下沉量与支架支护强度之间的关系。刘闯等[22]利用CDEM建立沿工作面倾向的数值模型,模拟研究综放工作面顶煤厚度分别为4.0、8.0、12.0 m时不同放煤工艺的放煤过程,分析煤矸分界面和顶煤回收率的变化规律。
根据高家堡煤矿101综放工作面的地质条件, 邢鲁义等[23]借助离散元软件对不同的放煤步距进行数值模拟。但是, 未涉及顶煤周期性断裂规律和支护理论分析。为了揭示影响综放工作面顶煤采出率关键因素的作用规律, 商铁林等[24]应用数值软件, 比较顶煤预先爆破弱化前后顶煤破断和垮落特征, 但未对液压支架对综放工作面的支护效果进行研究。
以上对于顶煤的控制规律和液压支架的研究相对比较独立,针对矿山开采中综放工作面液压支架上方顶煤区域的变形规律、现场监测和数值模拟研究相对较少,需要加大研究力度,厘清周期性断裂规律,积累经验和研究成果。
现以华亭煤业集团公司东峡煤矿31123综放工作面为工程背景,根据工作面具体煤层特性,结合相关经验分析东峡煤矿工作面支架选型,通过理论进行工作面支架支护强度验算,确定液压支架。结合KJ24型矿压监测系统在该综放工作面上数据监测统计进行分析,沿倾向方向工作面支架阻力分布,确定综放工作面应力集中区域位于综放工作面中段,液压支架的额定工作阻力完全能够满足工作面现场要求。布置应力监测探头,取应力集中区域测点进行分析,推算周期来压。并采用离散元软件对东峡煤矿综放工作面采动过程进行数值模拟,对其应用效果进行验证,厘清综放工作面顶煤周期性断裂规律,结合东峡煤矿周期来压预测结果,防治灾害发生,具有实际工程意义。
东峡煤矿31123综放工作面采用综放工艺开采,液压支架支护顶板,根据东峡煤矿以往开采经验,工作面煤质比较硬,顶板属中等稳定,为二级二类,顶板压力在支架顶梁上的合力作用位置相对靠后,前后立柱的承载不均衡系数较小,来压步距一般为20~25 m,工作面支架选用四柱支撑掩护式低位放顶煤架型。
此处,基于师玉刚[25]对煤矿综放工作面液压支架选型技术的研究内容和东峡煤矿项目综放工作面实际工况,进行支护强度验算。
支架顶梁对支护面积的覆盖率为
$\delta =\frac{BL}{(L+C)(B+{K}_{1})}\times 100\mathrm{\%}$
式(1)中:$\delta $为覆盖率;B为顶梁宽度,取1.36 m;K1为支架间距,取0.2 m;L为顶梁长度,取4.5 m;C为梁端距,取0.8 m。求得$\delta =0.74$。所以,工作面顶板稳定(覆盖率大于60%),计算得出该支架支护覆盖率满足条件。
工作阻力(支架强度)初撑力验算公式为
$q=KM\rho \times {10}^{-5}$
式(2)中:K为作用于支架上的岩石厚度系数,一般取5~8;M为采高2.7 m;$\rho $为岩石密度,取2.5 t/m3。计算得$q=8\times 2.7\times 2.5\times {10}^{-5}=0.54\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a}$
有效支护阻力公式为
Q=qS×103
式(3)中:S为支架支护面积, $Q=0.54\times (4.5+0.8)\times (1.36+0.2)\times {10}^{3}=4465\mathrm{k}\mathrm{N}$。支架初撑力6 182 kN,满足设计要求。同理过渡支架满足设计要求。
经计算,选用的ZF8000/19/30D型放顶煤液压支架和ZFG8000/22/32D型过渡液压支架能满足该工作面支护要求,故该工作面选用的ZF8000/19/30D(ZF8000/22/32D)型液压支架能够满足要求。
现场资料:结合KJ24型矿压监测系统在该综放工作面上数据监测统计进行分析,首先分析沿倾向方向工作面支架阻力分布曲线图,如图1所示。
图1也可知,73号支架位于综放工作面上段,紧邻进风顺槽(上),距离进风顺槽最近的83号支架受力最低为2 966.7 kN。对比向综放工作面中段方向,工作面支架受力呈上升趋势,在43号支架处,达到最大值4 520.6 KN。随后,随着向回风顺槽(下)方向,工作面支架受力整体呈下降趋势,说明在综放工作面应力集中区域位于综放工作面中段。
在工作面中段选取点进行监测数据分析,如图2图3所示。可以看出,综放工作面大部分支架工作阻力在4 000~6 000 kN,液压支架工作阻力小于额定工作阻力值,说明液压支架的额定工作阻力完全能够满足工作面现场要求。
应力监测探头布置:依次向外安装,如图4所示,以及具体测点安装位置如表1所示。每组布置两个应力测点,深、浅测点间距不大于2 m,弱及中等冲击危险区域每组间隔30 m,初次安设距离为300 m,在工作面开始回采前完成初次安设。工作面回采过程中随工作推进及时补设探头,每拆掉一组则应在后方安装一组,并保证监测距离不小于300 m。
取局部3个月进风顺槽(上)应力集中区域端头测点1号的应力曲线图进行分析,如图5所示,以服务年限中,工作面设计可采长度1 120 m,每月计划推进70 m计算。可知该工作面可采期限为16个月。周期来压步距:70/30×10=23.3 m,也可推算周期来压步距为20~25 m,应力出现最大值接近35 MPa。
工作面周期来压的准确预报是工作面安全生产的基础,根据东峡煤矿工作面顶板周期来压规律和实际监测数据对东峡煤矿工作面顶板周期来压情况进行预测后,在周期来压前采取适当的措施,防治灾害,保证安全生产。
基于离散元程序进行数值建模,宽和高为1 120 m和141 m。模型构建顺序为:分区组合,构造各层,生成块体和煤层块体细化[1]。数值模拟尺寸依据东峡煤矿的工作面的地质情况,东峡煤矿位于甘肃省平凉市华亭县境内,所采煤层为6~23煤层,目标工作面采用走向综合机械化放顶煤采煤法进行回采,设计采高2.7 m,放顶煤厚度8.1 m,采放比1∶3,全部垮落法管理顶板。此外,煤层具有冲击倾向性,瓦斯含量低;煤层埋深约500 m,可采长度1 120 m,工作面平均长度120 m。煤岩类型为光亮型煤,局部半亮型和半暗型煤;块状、条带状结构,沿走向呈宽缓褶曲构造,沥青光泽,条痕为浅黑色,贝壳状断口,硬度为2~3,容重1.36 t/m3。煤层总体结构比较简单,煤层平均厚度为10.8 m。基于现场工况,左右及底边界采取法向约束,顶边界为自由边界,对于上覆岩层以平均深度400 m计算,密度2.5 g/cm3,均布载荷q=10 MPa。围岩的物理力学参数如表2所示。
基于已发表研究成果[1],以顶煤下沉量对比分析顶煤变形与垮落规律。首先,假定工作面推进速度都为每步2 m,对液压支架条件下推进6 m和16 m时顶煤变形进行分析,取工作面顶煤中心坐标点垂直位移前后对比分析。
首先,如图6所示为液压支架下推进6 m时,顶煤垂直位移量。工作面液压支护条件下,在推进6 m时工作面顶煤下沉量0.3 m左右,顶煤变形量在1 m之内,随着时间的推移,后期顶煤下沉量趋于0.35 m左右,可见,工作面顶煤未有发生垮落趋势。但是,工作面无液压支护条件下,在推进6 m时,工作面顶煤下沉量就超过0.4 m,虽未发生垮落,顶煤变形量在1 m之内,但是,相比液压支护条件下工作面沉降较大,并且,随着时间的推移,后期顶煤下沉量还是有下沉趋势。同时,结合UDEC7.0垂直方向位移图对比,无液压支架条件下推进6 m时顶煤变形彩图左右两侧对称,但是,对于液压支架条件下推进6 m时顶煤变形彩图,液压支架条件下右侧顶煤变形明显较小。
对于无/液压支架条件下推进16 m时工作面顶煤垂直位移量如图7所示,可以发现,与上一个推进6 m时工作面顶煤垂直位移变形类似的规律,再次验证了上述结论。并且,工作面液压支护条件下推进16 m时,工作面顶煤下沉量也在0.3 m左右,说明其上方基本顶岩层相对稳定,未发生断裂失稳,随之顶板顶煤相对稳定。也说明液压支护对于工作面的支护效果并未随着推进长度的增加而发生较大变化,有利于指导类似工程。
综放工作面采动过程中,随着综放工作面的推进,综放面上方区域基本顶岩层破断之后,综放面顶板顶煤随之发生周期性断裂。随工作面推进,顶板煤层随采随垮,直接顶悬露长度增加,工作面推进到20 m左右时,直接顶和基本顶岩层悬露长度达到垮落极限,随之发生垮落。通过图8有/无液压支架下推进20 m时顶煤垂直位移图可见,初次来压步距约20 m。随着工作面继续向前推进,结合图9液压支架条件下推进40 m时顶煤垂直位移和最大主应力图,基本顶发生周期性垮落,推进40 m时共发生两次来压,可见,平均周期来压步距在20 m左右。厘清东峡煤矿综放工作面顶煤区域的变形垮落规律,是工作面安全生产的基础,结合东峡煤矿周期来压预测结果,防治灾害发生,具体实际工程意义。
基于东峡煤矿项目综放工作面具体煤层特性,结合相关经验分析简要研究东峡煤矿低位放顶煤工作面支架选型。通过采用离散元软件对东峡煤矿综放工作面采动过程进行了数值模拟,对其应用效果进行验证。具体结论如下。
(1)综放工作面应力集中区域位于综放工作面中段,初次来压步距约20 m,周期来压步距为20~25 m。
(2)取采动过程工作面顶煤支护前后沉降对比分析,液压支架条件下本项目综放工作面推进6 m和16 m时,液压支护对于工作面顶煤支护效果明显。此外,液压支护对于工作面的支护效果并未随着推进长度的增加而发生较大变化,有利于指导类似工程。
(3)研究综放工作面顶煤区域的变形规律,厘清周期性断裂规律,是工作面安全生产的基础,结合东峡煤矿周期来压预测结果,防治灾害发生,具有实际工程意义。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52104150)
  • 江苏省基础研究计划(BK20231079)
  • 江苏省双创博士计划(JSSCBS20221497)
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2025年第25卷第17期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2406346
  • 接收时间:2024-08-23
  • 首发时间:2025-12-15
  • 出版时间:2025-06-18
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-23
基金
国家自然科学基金(52104150)
江苏省基础研究计划(BK20231079)
江苏省双创博士计划(JSSCBS20221497)
作者信息
    1 华亭煤业集团有限责任公司东峡煤矿, 平凉 744100
    2 中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院, 徐州 221116
    3 中国矿业大学安全工程学院, 徐州 221116
    4 中国矿业大学低碳能源与动力工程学院, 徐州 221116

通讯作者:

*李超(1990—),男,汉族,江西南昌人,博士,讲师。研究方向:矿山安全。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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