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Article(id=1203753462547853894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1203753457208504777, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402825, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1713369600000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-18, revisedDate=1730908800000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764926790128, onlineDateStr=2025-12-05, pubDate=1737129600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-18, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764926790128, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764926790128, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764926790128, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1203753457208504777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='2', pageStart='439', pageEnd='878', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764926788856, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764928745558, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1203761664261858014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1203753457208504777, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1203761664261858015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1203753457208504777, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=574, endPage=581, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1203753466561803233, articleId=1203753462547853894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Thermal Economic Evaluation Method for Thermal Power Units with No.0 High-pressure Heater, columnId=1156264600770302582, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Energy and Power Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

It will raise their feedwater temperature and then improve their operating economy to add No.0 HPH (high-pressure heater) in thermal power units. A steam-water distribution model for a thermal system coupled with No.0 HPH was established based on the mass and energy conservation laws. And a variable-condition calculation method for its heat economics was also proposed. Furthermore, a derivative characterization approach was developed to represent the heat economics impact of No.0 HPH extracted steam flowrate, which realize the quantitative evaluation before and after coupling with No.0 HPH. Taking a 600 MW unit for example to carry out calculations and analysis, it indicates that the index calculation error of the method proposed in this paper is less than 0.15%, which has high precision and can be used for thermal economic evaluation of large thermal power units coupled with No. 0 HPH. Furthermore, after coupling No.0 HPH, the feedwater temperature can be lifted by 19.1~32.3 ℃, the cycle heat efficiency raised by 0.18%~0.2%, and the heat consumption rate decreased by 29.3~34.6 kJ/(kW·h). Moreover, the sacrificial internal work will be even smaller, and the heat consumption decrease be even larger if the turbine load was smaller.

, correspAuthors=Wei WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Bo-yuan LIU, Wei WANG, Wei YU, Yong HU, De-liang ZENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1203753468738646249, articleId=1203753462547853894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=耦合0号高加的火电机组热经济性评估方法, columnId=1156264600912908920, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·能源与动力工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

耦合0号高加可提高大型火电机组在低负荷时的给水温度进而改善机组运行经济性。基于质量守恒与能量守恒方程,经严密数学推导,建立了耦合0号高加的热力系统汽水分布模型,给出了确定汽轮机负荷下目标给水温度工况对应的热经济性指标计算方法;进一步,提出了耦合0号高加的火电机组变工况热经济性计算方法,实现了对耦合0号高加火电机组热经济性的全面评估。以600 MW机组为例进行了计算和分析,结果表明:本文所提变工况计算方法的指标计算误差不超过0.15%,具有较高精度,可用于大型火电机组耦合0号高加时的热经济性评估;在30%~75%负荷段,增设0号高加可使机组给水温度提升19.1~32.3 ℃,循环热效率提升0.18%~0.2%,机组热耗率降低29.3~34.6 kJ/(kW·h),且机组负荷率越低,损失的内部功越少,热耗率降幅越大。

, correspAuthors=王玮, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 王玮(1986—),男,汉族,山东沂水人,博士,教授。研究方向:发电过程建模与优化控制。E-mail:。
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刘博源(2000—),男,汉族,吉林蛟河人,硕士研究生。研究方向:火电机组优化控制。E-mail:。

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刘博源(2000—),男,汉族,吉林蛟河人,硕士研究生。研究方向:火电机组优化控制。E-mail:。

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刘博源(2000—),男,汉族,吉林蛟河人,硕士研究生。研究方向:火电机组优化控制。E-mail:。

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Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(22): 6648-6656., articleTitle=Optimization of operation and draining system for a supercritical unit under the abnormal condition of heaters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203787170319409376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=229, pageEnd=238, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=36, authorNames=符悦, 雷宇, 刘明, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=符悦, 雷宇, 刘明, 等. 不同进汽温度火电机组多压冷端系统综合性能分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(1): 229-238., articleTitle=不同进汽温度火电机组多压冷端系统综合性能分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203787170394906853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=229, pageEnd=238, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Fu Yue, Lei Yu, Liu Ming, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fu Yue, Lei Yu, Liu Ming, et al. 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Energy, 2017, 135: 394-404., articleTitle=Closed-loop optimization control on fan speed of air-cooled steam condenser units for energy saving and rapid load regulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203787170562679022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=3588, pageEnd=3596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=39, authorNames=张国柱, 刘明, 张钧泰, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张国柱, 刘明, 张钧泰, 等. 集成新型锅炉烟气热能回收系统的600 MW机组全工况性能分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(12): 3588-3596., articleTitle=集成新型锅炉烟气热能回收系统的600 MW机组全工况性能分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203787170675925234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=3588, pageEnd=3596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=40, authorNames=Zhang Guozhu, Liu Ming, Zhang Juntai, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Guozhu, Liu Ming, Zhang Juntai, et al. Performance analyses of a 600 MW coal-fired power plant integrated with a novel boiler exhaust heat recovery system at overall working conditions[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(12): 3588-3596., articleTitle=Performance analyses of a 600 MW coal-fired power plant integrated with a novel boiler exhaust heat recovery system at overall working conditions, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1203787165026197509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, awardId=2022YFB4100404, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4100404), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1203787165189775378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, awardId=2023YQ002, language=CN, fundingSource=中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2023YQ002), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1203787155001811291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203787155022782816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, companyId=1203787155001811291, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203787155148611955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, companyId=1203787155001811291, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院, 北京 102206)]), AuthorCompany(id=1203787155240886657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203787155249275267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, companyId=1203787155240886657, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203787155257663876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, companyId=1203787155240886657, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 华电电力科学研究院有限公司, 杭州 310030)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1203787159523271397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The main system of conceptual reheating heater with No. 0 HPH is added, figureFileSmall=HcBS/8uMplySQwc+tp/7GQ==, figureFileBig=rNP/Hqf+2MF2VO7YsRdncQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787159644906225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图1, caption=增设0号高加的火电机组热力系统结构图

D0、h0分别为主蒸汽流量和焓值;Dfw、hfw分别为给水流量和焓值;hc为汽轮机排汽焓值;D0#、h0#和hd0#分别为0号高加的抽汽流量、焓值和疏水焓值;hw0#为0号高加的出口给水焓值;Di和hi分别为第i级加热器的抽汽流量和焓值;hdi为第i级疏水焓值;hwi为第i级加热器出口水焓值;hwc为凝结水焓值;DT为给水泵汽轮机抽汽流量;σ为再热焓升;N为汽轮机内部功

, figureFileSmall=HcBS/8uMplySQwc+tp/7GQ==, figureFileBig=rNP/Hqf+2MF2VO7YsRdncQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787159816872705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Terminal difference of No.0 HPH, figureFileSmall=wyRKv96jt3578kK5qUhqFA==, figureFileBig=LjMT3rkmuzEeG/cyGHlxaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787159955284743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图2, caption=0号高加端差示意图, figureFileSmall=wyRKv96jt3578kK5qUhqFA==, figureFileBig=LjMT3rkmuzEeG/cyGHlxaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160106279694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Relationships between stage efficiency and turbine load of a 600 MW unit, figureFileSmall=H9URj122K7Ng6kLXVI7mPg==, figureFileBig=taAkmXyztcEc3VLWCkZzMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160232108821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图3, caption=600 MW机组主蒸汽至1号抽汽级间效率与机组负荷特性曲线, figureFileSmall=H9URj122K7Ng6kLXVI7mPg==, figureFileBig=taAkmXyztcEc3VLWCkZzMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160412463898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Full-condition calculating process of heat economics for thermal power units with 0# HP, figureFileSmall=Y8QtzKfgAy+VemertdASug==, figureFileBig=WsK6NEGzAXJ4a9s/sH6ZOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160605401891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图4, caption=耦合0号高加的全工况热经济性计算流程, figureFileSmall=Y8QtzKfgAy+VemertdASug==, figureFileBig=WsK6NEGzAXJ4a9s/sH6ZOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160756396849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Comparison diagram of feedwater temperature before and after the operation of No.0 HPH, figureFileSmall=+TwtamRmy4awhaAaQcwaHg==, figureFileBig=iRklshudShNY1T5uyqL3iQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160882225982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图5, caption=投运0号高加前后给水温度对比图, figureFileSmall=+TwtamRmy4awhaAaQcwaHg==, figureFileBig=iRklshudShNY1T5uyqL3iQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787160995472200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Comparison chart of cycle efficiency before and after the operation of No.0 HPH, figureFileSmall=Ics56bw8cD8oSXHJaLqhSg==, figureFileBig=EgIPGYZPN5ot9V6vDCcIXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787161112912721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图6, caption=投运0号高加前后循环效率对比图, figureFileSmall=Ics56bw8cD8oSXHJaLqhSg==, figureFileBig=EgIPGYZPN5ot9V6vDCcIXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787161234547552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Comparison chart of heat rate before and after the operation of No.0 HPH, figureFileSmall=EeNH/ereG6+Ghw2Sp0j2HA==, figureFileBig=N7yB7Oo/0XtcyqjvNLl5xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787161339405162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=图7, caption=投运0号高加前后热耗率对比图, figureFileSmall=EeNH/ereG6+Ghw2Sp0j2HA==, figureFileBig=N7yB7Oo/0XtcyqjvNLl5xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203787161452651375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Designed terminal difference of a 600 MW unit

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 1号高加 2号高加 3号高加 除氧器 5号低加 6号低加 7号低加 8号低加
上端差/℃ -1.7 0 0 0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
下端差/℃ 5.6 5.6 5.6 0 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6
), ArticleFig(id=1203787161595257717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

600 MW机组设计端差

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 1号高加 2号高加 3号高加 除氧器 5号低加 6号低加 7号低加 8号低加
上端差/℃ -1.7 0 0 0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
下端差/℃ 5.6 5.6 5.6 0 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6
), ArticleFig(id=1203787161716892545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Extraction pressure values for a 600 MW unit under typical operating loads

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 0抽/MPa 1抽/MPa 2抽/MPa 3抽/MPa 4抽/MPa 5抽/MPa 6抽/MPa 7抽/MPa 8抽/MPa
75%
(基准工况)		 6.59 5.008 3.452 1.676 0.788 0.413 0.144 0.035 0.016
50% 4.956 3.343 2.316 1.134 0.545 0.285 0.099 0.024 0.011
40% 4.302 2.681 1.863 0.918 0.447 0.234 0.082 0.020 0.010
30% 3.648 2.019 1.410 0.702 0.350 0.182 0.064 0.015 0.008
), ArticleFig(id=1203787161851110282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

600 MW 机组典型工况下抽汽压力值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 0抽/MPa 1抽/MPa 2抽/MPa 3抽/MPa 4抽/MPa 5抽/MPa 6抽/MPa 7抽/MPa 8抽/MPa
75%
(基准工况)		 6.59 5.008 3.452 1.676 0.788 0.413 0.144 0.035 0.016
50% 4.956 3.343 2.316 1.134 0.545 0.285 0.099 0.024 0.011
40% 4.302 2.681 1.863 0.918 0.447 0.234 0.082 0.020 0.010
30% 3.648 2.019 1.410 0.702 0.350 0.182 0.064 0.015 0.008
), ArticleFig(id=1203787162006299537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Drain enthalpy values for various heaters in a 600 MW unit under typical operating loads

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 0号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 1号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 2号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 3号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 4号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 5号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 6号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 7号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 8号/
(kJ·kg-1)
75%
(基准工况)		 1 185.09 1 066.5 889.3 751.7 — 468.9 311.9 237.1 150.3
50% 1 072.30 969.26 812.16 678.75 — 429.06 280.37 214.52 139.3
40% 1 013.81 917.95 771.15 646.47 — 406.19 262.28 201.77 135.1
30% 944.38 856.86 722.05 608.15 — 378.82 240.49 186.97 131.4
), ArticleFig(id=1203787162174071710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

600 MW 机组典型工况下各级加热器疏水焓值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 0号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 1号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 2号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 3号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 4号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 5号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 6号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 7号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 8号/
(kJ·kg-1)
75%
(基准工况)		 1 185.09 1 066.5 889.3 751.7 — 468.9 311.9 237.1 150.3
50% 1 072.30 969.26 812.16 678.75 — 429.06 280.37 214.52 139.3
40% 1 013.81 917.95 771.15 646.47 — 406.19 262.28 201.77 135.1
30% 944.38 856.86 722.05 608.15 — 378.82 240.49 186.97 131.4
), ArticleFig(id=1203787162337649576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Feedwater enthalpy values for various stages of heaters in a 600 MW unit under typical operating loads

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 0号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 1号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 2号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 3号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 4号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 5号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 6号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 7号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 8号/
(kJ·kg-1)
75%
(基准工况)		 1 246.6 1 154.8 1 042.3 871.3 710.6 592.8 446.9 290.6 215.9
50% 1 160.26 1 045.36 943.27 787.23 654.44 542.08 405.44 256.93 191.11
40% 1 117.06 987.44 892.35 746.43 622.28 513.95 382.61 238.86 178.37
30% 1 069.5 918.59 831.67 697.57 584.09 480.26 355.27 217.07 163.57
), ArticleFig(id=1203787162484450226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

600 MW 机组变工况各级加热器给水焓值参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 0号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 1号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 2号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 3号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 4号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 5号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 6号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 7号/
(kJ·kg-1)		 8号/
(kJ·kg-1)
75%
(基准工况)		 1 246.6 1 154.8 1 042.3 871.3 710.6 592.8 446.9 290.6 215.9
50% 1 160.26 1 045.36 943.27 787.23 654.44 542.08 405.44 256.93 191.11
40% 1 117.06 987.44 892.35 746.43 622.28 513.95 382.61 238.86 178.37
30% 1 069.5 918.59 831.67 697.57 584.09 480.26 355.27 217.07 163.57
), ArticleFig(id=1203787162631250871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Calculating results comparisons for the extraction steam flow

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 计算方法 0抽/
(kg·s-1)		 1抽/
(kg·s-1)		 2抽/
(kg·s-1)		 3抽/
(kg·s-1)		 4抽/
(kg·s-1)		 5抽/
(kg·s-1)		 6抽/
(kg·s-1)		 7抽/
(kg·s-1)		 8抽/
(kg·s-1)
75% 基准工况 15.473 17.592 24.183 14.059 10.976 14.617 15.059 7.164 7.643
50% 能量守恒 11.838 9.343 13.265 8.273 6.742 8.852 9.301 4.139 4.311
全工况计算 11.453 9.63 13.601 8.249 7.068 8.903 9.388 4.171 4.202
误差/% 3.26 3.07 2.53 0.29 4.84 0.58 0.94 0.78 2.54
40% 能量守恒 9.989 6.763 9.732 6.259 5.196 6.797 7.206 3.056 3.067
全工况计算 9.87 6.914 9.903 6.193 5.415 6.828 7.285 3.090 2.964
误差/% 1.19 2.22 1.76 1.06 4.21 0.45 1.10 1.13 3.37
30% 能量守恒 8.147 4.545 6.637 4.411 3.725 4.868 5.232 2.054 1.908
全工况计算 8.240 4.583 6.672 4.299 3.887 4.888 5.298 2.080 1.839
误差/% 1.15 0.84 0.53 2.55 4.35 0.42 1.26 1.29 3.63
), ArticleFig(id=1203787162790634432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

机组抽汽流量计算结果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 计算方法 0抽/
(kg·s-1)		 1抽/
(kg·s-1)		 2抽/
(kg·s-1)		 3抽/
(kg·s-1)		 4抽/
(kg·s-1)		 5抽/
(kg·s-1)		 6抽/
(kg·s-1)		 7抽/
(kg·s-1)		 8抽/
(kg·s-1)
75% 基准工况 15.473 17.592 24.183 14.059 10.976 14.617 15.059 7.164 7.643
50% 能量守恒 11.838 9.343 13.265 8.273 6.742 8.852 9.301 4.139 4.311
全工况计算 11.453 9.63 13.601 8.249 7.068 8.903 9.388 4.171 4.202
误差/% 3.26 3.07 2.53 0.29 4.84 0.58 0.94 0.78 2.54
40% 能量守恒 9.989 6.763 9.732 6.259 5.196 6.797 7.206 3.056 3.067
全工况计算 9.87 6.914 9.903 6.193 5.415 6.828 7.285 3.090 2.964
误差/% 1.19 2.22 1.76 1.06 4.21 0.45 1.10 1.13 3.37
30% 能量守恒 8.147 4.545 6.637 4.411 3.725 4.868 5.232 2.054 1.908
全工况计算 8.240 4.583 6.672 4.299 3.887 4.888 5.298 2.080 1.839
误差/% 1.15 0.84 0.53 2.55 4.35 0.42 1.26 1.29 3.63
), ArticleFig(id=1203787163973428164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Calculating results comparisons for the thermal economy indice

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 内部功/MW 误差/% 吸热量/MJ 误差/% 热耗率/[kJ·(kW·h)-1] 误差/%
能量守恒 全工况计算 能量守恒 全工况计算 能量守恒 全工况计算
75% — 434.31 — — 911.04 — — 7 551.6 —
50% 287.35 286.92 0.15 618.56 618.44 0.02 7 749.4 7 759.6 0.13
40% 229.06 228.78 0.12 502.97 502.86 0.02 7 905 7 913 0.10
30% 170.83 170.69 0.08 386.8 386.72 0.02 8 151.1 8 156.3 0.06
), ArticleFig(id=1203787164120228816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

机组热经济性指标计算结果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 内部功/MW 误差/% 吸热量/MJ 误差/% 热耗率/[kJ·(kW·h)-1] 误差/%
能量守恒 全工况计算 能量守恒 全工况计算 能量守恒 全工况计算
75% — 434.31 — — 911.04 — — 7 551.6 —
50% 287.35 286.92 0.15 618.56 618.44 0.02 7 749.4 7 759.6 0.13
40% 229.06 228.78 0.12 502.97 502.86 0.02 7 905 7 913 0.10
30% 170.83 170.69 0.08 386.8 386.72 0.02 8 151.1 8 156.3 0.06
), ArticleFig(id=1203787164254446552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Feedwater temperatures before and after No.0 HPH operation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 增设前给水
温度/℃		 增设后给水
温度/℃		 温升/℃
100% 283.5 — —
75% 264.4 283.5 19.1
50% 240.5 265.1 24.6
40% 228.6 256.4 27.8
30% 214.4 246.7 32.3
), ArticleFig(id=1203787164371887070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

不同工况下增设0号高加前后给水温度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 增设前给水
温度/℃		 增设后给水
温度/℃		 温升/℃
100% 283.5 — —
75% 264.4 283.5 19.1
50% 240.5 265.1 24.6
40% 228.6 256.4 27.8
30% 214.4 246.7 32.3
), ArticleFig(id=1203787164564825067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Calculation results of parameters for No. 0 HPH under different operating conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 内部功/MW 吸热量/MJ 循环热效率/% 热耗率/[kJ·(kW·h)-1]
增设前 增设后 收益 增设前 增设后 收益 增设前 增设后 收益 增设前 增设后 收益
100% 601.37 — — 1253.35 — — 47.98 — — 7503.0 — —
75% 450.98 434.31 -16.67 949.67 911.04 -38.63 47.49 47.67 0.18 7 580.9 7 551.6 29.3
50% 300.77 287.35 -13.42 650.28 618.56 -31.72 46.25 46.45 0.20 7 783.4 7 749.4 34.0
40% 240.60 229.06 -11.54 530.63 502.97 -27.66 45.34 45.54 0.20 7 939.6 7 905.0 34.6
30% 180.43 170.83 -9.60 410.25 386.80 -23.45 43.98 44.17 0.19 8 185.6 8 151.1 34.5
), ArticleFig(id=1203787164682265590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1203753462547853894, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

不同工况下0号高加参数计算结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 内部功/MW 吸热量/MJ 循环热效率/% 热耗率/[kJ·(kW·h)-1]
增设前 增设后 收益 增设前 增设后 收益 增设前 增设后 收益 增设前 增设后 收益
100% 601.37 — — 1253.35 — — 47.98 — — 7503.0 — —
75% 450.98 434.31 -16.67 949.67 911.04 -38.63 47.49 47.67 0.18 7 580.9 7 551.6 29.3
50% 300.77 287.35 -13.42 650.28 618.56 -31.72 46.25 46.45 0.20 7 783.4 7 749.4 34.0
40% 240.60 229.06 -11.54 530.63 502.97 -27.66 45.34 45.54 0.20 7 939.6 7 905.0 34.6
30% 180.43 170.83 -9.60 410.25 386.80 -23.45 43.98 44.17 0.19 8 185.6 8 151.1 34.5
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耦合0号高加的火电机组热经济性评估方法
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刘博源 1 , 王玮 1, * , 蔚伟 2 , 胡勇 1 , 曾德良 1
科学技术与工程 | 论文·能源与动力工程 2025,25(2): 574-581
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·能源与动力工程 2025, 25(2): 574-581
耦合0号高加的火电机组热经济性评估方法
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刘博源1 , 王玮1, * , 蔚伟2, 胡勇1, 曾德良1
作者信息
  • 1 华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院, 北京 102206
  • 2 华电电力科学研究院有限公司, 杭州 310030

    • 刘博源(2000—),男,汉族,吉林蛟河人,硕士研究生。研究方向:火电机组优化控制。E-mail:。

通讯作者:

* 王玮(1986—),男,汉族,山东沂水人,博士,教授。研究方向:发电过程建模与优化控制。E-mail:。
Thermal Economic Evaluation Method for Thermal Power Units with No.0 High-pressure Heater
Bo-yuan LIU1 , Wei WANG1, * , Wei YU2, Yong HU1, De-liang ZENG1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
  • 2 Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China
出版时间: 2025-01-18 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402825
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摘要
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耦合0号高加可提高大型火电机组在低负荷时的给水温度进而改善机组运行经济性。基于质量守恒与能量守恒方程,经严密数学推导,建立了耦合0号高加的热力系统汽水分布模型,给出了确定汽轮机负荷下目标给水温度工况对应的热经济性指标计算方法;进一步,提出了耦合0号高加的火电机组变工况热经济性计算方法,实现了对耦合0号高加火电机组热经济性的全面评估。以600 MW机组为例进行了计算和分析,结果表明:本文所提变工况计算方法的指标计算误差不超过0.15%,具有较高精度,可用于大型火电机组耦合0号高加时的热经济性评估;在30%~75%负荷段,增设0号高加可使机组给水温度提升19.1~32.3 ℃,循环热效率提升0.18%~0.2%,机组热耗率降低29.3~34.6 kJ/(kW·h),且机组负荷率越低,损失的内部功越少,热耗率降幅越大。

0号高加  /  火电机组  /  热经济性  /  汽水分布  /  能效分析

It will raise their feedwater temperature and then improve their operating economy to add No.0 HPH (high-pressure heater) in thermal power units. A steam-water distribution model for a thermal system coupled with No.0 HPH was established based on the mass and energy conservation laws. And a variable-condition calculation method for its heat economics was also proposed. Furthermore, a derivative characterization approach was developed to represent the heat economics impact of No.0 HPH extracted steam flowrate, which realize the quantitative evaluation before and after coupling with No.0 HPH. Taking a 600 MW unit for example to carry out calculations and analysis, it indicates that the index calculation error of the method proposed in this paper is less than 0.15%, which has high precision and can be used for thermal economic evaluation of large thermal power units coupled with No. 0 HPH. Furthermore, after coupling No.0 HPH, the feedwater temperature can be lifted by 19.1~32.3 ℃, the cycle heat efficiency raised by 0.18%~0.2%, and the heat consumption rate decreased by 29.3~34.6 kJ/(kW·h). Moreover, the sacrificial internal work will be even smaller, and the heat consumption decrease be even larger if the turbine load was smaller.

No.0 high-pressure heater  /  thermal power units  /  thermal economy  /  steam-water distribution  /  energy efficiency analysis
刘博源, 王玮, 蔚伟, 胡勇, 曾德良. 耦合0号高加的火电机组热经济性评估方法. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (2) : 574 -581 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402825
Bo-yuan LIU, Wei WANG, Wei YU, Yong HU, De-liang ZENG. Thermal Economic Evaluation Method for Thermal Power Units with No.0 High-pressure Heater[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (2) : 574 -581 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402825
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中国的能源资源禀赋,在未来较长一段时期内火力发电仍将是中国电力保供和电力系统稳定调峰的“压舱石”[1]。然而,随着新能源在电网中渗透率的不断提升,大型火电机组低负荷运行已成常态,国家能源局发布的数据显示:2022年,全国6 000 kW及以上电厂火电设备利用小时仅为4 379 h,同比下降65%。火电机组低负荷运行时,其各级回热抽汽压力、给水温度等参数都会随之降低,直接导致系统平均吸热温度降低,进而影响机组的运行经济性[2-3]。增设0号高加可提高机组在低负荷时的给水温度,进而改善机组运行效率,目前已得到业内广泛认可[4-5],中国已有淮北平山电厂、上海外高桥三厂、上海石洞口二厂等多家电厂进行了0号高加改造运行[6-7]。
针对增设0号高加对机组热经济性影响的评估计算已有不少研究,徐曙等[8]从热力学第一、第二定律出发,分析了回热系统和0号高压加热器的运行经济性;Li等[9]基于600 MW机组,提出了一种一维非线性模型,分析了增设0号高加对机组经济性的影响。吴志祥[10]基于660 MW机组汽轮机厂家数据,计算得出0号高加在75%负荷以下投运时,汽轮机侧可降低热耗28~32 kJ/(kW·h);Chen等[11]基于GSE软件建立了660 MW机组增设0号高加对660 MW机组经济性影响的特性模型并实现了仿真;杨秋辉等[12]利用Ebsilon软件对600 MW机组增设0号高压加热器的经济性进行了分析;陶有宏等[13]通过对调研分析了中国10 余台已完成0号高加改造的机组,进行调研和分析,并在此基础上对700 MW机组0号高加改造与运行进行了优化,提出了节能可靠的0号高加改造经验与运行方式;何冬辉[14]基于Thermoflex 热平衡软件和厂家提供的汽轮机热平衡图对1 000 MW机组进行建模分析,得出了机组增设0号高加前后,机组在部分负荷运行时的给水温度和机组热耗率变化情况;常东锋等[15]采用热平衡方法建立了1 000 MW机组热力计算模型,并对增设单列或双列零号高压加热器2种方案和运行方式进行了比选和优化;郑成浩等[16]以1 000 MW机组为例,定量分析了1 000 MW机组该机组在不同负荷工况下增设0号高压加热器后的热经济性。上述文献针对不同等级大型火电机组增设0号高加的热经济性分析开展了广泛研究,为0号高加优化改造提供了有力支撑。
然而,现有研究多依赖厂家试验数据或仿真软件进行计算分析,尚缺乏一种通用的计算理论方法。因此,现基于热力系统矩阵热平衡方程,经严密数学推导,给出一种增设0号高加对机组汽水分布及循环效率影响的通用计算模型,实现机组增设0号高加的热经济性定量评估。
1 热经济性建模
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典型的火电机组回热加热系统一般采用3高压加热器、4低压加热器、1除氧器的结构,如图1所示。新增设的0号高加位于1号高加前与锅炉省煤器后,加热蒸汽来源于1级抽汽前的高压缸某级前;疏水采用逐级自流至1号高加。
1.1 基于能量守恒的汽水分布重构
对耦合0号高加前的系统,易得到其汽水分布方程[17-18]为
A D i = D f w τ i
式(1)中:A为特征矩阵;Di为抽汽流量矩阵;τi为抽汽流量矩阵。
A = q 1 γ 2 q 2 γ 3 γ 3 q 3 γ 4 γ 4 γ 4 q 4 τ 5 τ 5 τ 5 τ 5 q 5 τ 6 τ 6 τ 6 τ 6 γ 6 q 6 τ 7 τ 7 τ 7 τ 7 γ 7 γ 7 q 7 τ 8 τ 8 τ 8 τ 8 γ 8 γ 8 γ 8 q 8
D i = [ D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 D 8 ]
τ i = [ τ 1 τ 2 τ 3 τ 4 τ 5 τ 6 τ 7 τ 8 ]
式中:qi为抽汽放热量;γi为疏水放热量;τi为给水焓升。
系统耦合0号高加后,1号高加的出口给水经0号高加升温后达到目标温度设定值tw0#,对0号高加应用质量守恒和能量守恒,即
D f w ( h w 0 # - h w 1 ) = D 0 # ( h 0 # - h d 0 # )
式(5)中:hw0#为0号高加出口给水焓值。
整理式(5),可得0号高加的抽汽量,即
D 0 # = D f w ( h w 0 # - h w 1 ) h 0 # - h d 0 #
0号高加的抽汽换热后经疏水汇入1号高加,因此1号高加的能量守恒方程变化为
D f w τ 1 = D 0 # q f 1 + D 1 q 1
式(7)中:qf1为0号高加疏水在1号高加的单位蒸汽放热量。
q f 1 = h d 0 # - h d 1
考虑到0号高加疏水会逐级自流,对后续各级加热器重新列写质量和能量守恒方程,即
1 # : D f w τ 1 = D 0 # q f 1 + D 1 q 1 2 # : D f w τ 2 = D 0 # γ 2 + D 1 γ 2 + D 2 q 2 3 # : D f w τ 3 = D 0 # γ 3 + D 1 γ 3 + D 2 γ 3 + D 3 q 3 4 # : D f w τ 4 = D 0 # γ 4 + D 1 γ 4 + D 2 γ 4 + D 3 γ 4 + 　 D 4 q 4 5 # : D f w τ 5 = D 0 # τ 5 + D 1 τ 5 + D 2 τ 5 + D 3 τ 5 + 　 D 4 τ 5 + D 5 q 5 6 # : D f w τ 6 = D 0 # τ 6 + D 1 τ 6 + D 2 τ 6 + D 3 τ 6 + 　 D 4 τ 6 + D 5 γ 6 + D 6 q 6 7 # : D f w τ 7 = D 0 # τ 7 + D 1 τ 7 + D 2 τ 7 + D 3 τ 7 + 　 D 4 τ 7 + D 5 γ 7 + D 6 γ 7 + D 7 q 7 8 # : D f w τ 8 = D 0 # τ 8 + D 1 τ 8 + D 2 τ 8 + D 3 τ 8 + 　 D 4 τ 8 + D 5 γ 8 + D 6 γ 8 + D 7 γ 8 + D 8 q 8
对式(9)整理,可得耦合0号高加后热力系统的汽水分布方程,即
A D i + D 0 # A f 1 = D f w τ i
式(10)中:
A f 1 = [ q f 1 γ 2 γ 3 γ 4 τ 5 τ 6 τ 7 τ 8 ] T
对式(10)求解,可得1~8号加热器抽汽量,即
D i = A - 1 ( D f w τ i - D 0 # A f 1 )
1.2 热经济性指标计算
考虑0号高加投入后的汽水分布变化,汽轮机内部功可表示为
N = ( D f w - D 0 # ) ( h 0 # + σ - h c ) - D T i Δ h i σ
式(13)中:
Δ h i σ = h 1 + σ - h c h 2 + σ - h c h 3 - h c ︙ h 8 - h c
机组循环吸热量可表示为
Q = D f w ( h 0 - h w 0 # ) + D f w - D 0 # - ∑ i = 1 2 D i σ
2 全工况热经济性计算方法
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2.1 0号高加抽汽口位置的确定
0号高加抽汽口位置可依据基准工况的抽汽口参数确定,所谓基准工况即75%负荷工况,即当在此工况下完全投入0号高加可恰好使给水温度可达到汽轮机热耗保证工况(turbine heat-acceptance,THA)给水温度[10]。增设0号高加后,当机组运行在75%及以下负荷工况时,0号高加可完全投入运行;当机组运行在75%以上负荷工况时,可通过控制0号高加抽汽压力改变抽汽流量,使实际给水温度维持在THA工况下的给水温度附近。
为避免增设0号高加带来的火用损失过大[2,8],假设基准工况下0号高加的运行端差与原系统设计值一致[19],端差定义如图2所示。表1给出了一个600 MW机组典型工况下各级加热器的上下端差额定值。
由加热器上端差定义,可得基准工况下0号高加抽汽对应的饱和蒸汽温度为
t s 0 # = t w 0 # + δ t 1
式(16)中:tw0#为0号高加出口给水温度;δt1为0号高加上端差。
进而,根据水和蒸汽焓熵计算可得到基准工况下0号高加抽汽压力为
p 0 # , s t = p ( t s 0 # )
式(17)中:p(ts0#)为饱和蒸汽压力计算函数。
据此,可选择抽汽压力相近的位置作为0号高加抽汽口位置。
2.2 基准工况计算方法
0号抽汽压力确定后,仍需确定抽汽焓值和疏水焓值,才能计算出0号抽汽流量。
2.2.1 0号高加抽汽焓值
假设蒸汽在汽轮机内做功过程为绝热等熵过程,且蒸汽所在抽汽级的做功效率保持不变[20]。主蒸汽到1号抽汽间的级间效率[21]可描述为
η 01 = h 0 - h 1 h 0 - h ~ 1
式(18)中: h ~ 1为1号抽汽的理想焓值。
h ~ 1 = h 1 ( p 1 , s 0 )
式(19)中:h1(·)为过热蒸汽焓值计算函数;s0为主蒸汽熵值。
图3给出了600 MW机组主蒸汽到1抽的级间效率与负荷工况的特性曲线。
则0号高加抽汽焓值为
h 0 # = h 0 - η 01 ( h 0 - h ~ 0 # )
式(20)中: h ~ 0 #为0号抽汽的理想焓值。
h ~ 0 # = h ( p 0 # , s 0 )
2.2.2 0号高加疏水焓值
由下端差定义,0号高加疏水温度可描述为
t d 0 # = t w 1 + δ t 2
进而,可得0号高加疏水焓值为
h d 0 # = h 2 ( t d 0 # )
式(23)中:h2(td0#)为饱和水焓值计算函数。
综上,获得0号抽汽和疏水焓值后,利用式(6)计算获得0号抽汽流量,进而可利用2.1节所述模型计算机组在基准工况下的热经济指标。
2.3 变工况计算方法
当机组处于非基准工况时,需要在估计系统汽水热力特性的基础上,重新进行热平衡计算。变工况计算流程图如图4所示。
首先,对于汽轮机每个抽汽口级前的压力与流量,可假定机组通流面积因调节阀未动作而不发生变化,同时假定蒸汽在汽轮机内做理想膨胀,蒸汽温度在变工况前后不发生变化,则由弗留格尔公式[22]可得任意工况下各级高加抽汽压力为
p i = p i , s t D D s t
式(24)中:Dst、pi,st分别为基准工况的蒸汽通流量和第i级抽汽压力;D为任意工况蒸汽通流量。
进一步,由式(20)可计算获得抽汽焓值,由式(23)可计算获得疏水焓值。在此基础上,可顺序计算获得0号及1~8号各级高加抽汽流量,最终可利用式(13)计算获得机组的内部功。
3 案例计算与分析
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以600 MW超临界机组为例进行定量计算和分析,其热力系统结构如图1所示。表2~表4分别列出了机组75%、50%、40%和30%THA工况下回热系统的热力性质参数。表5和表6分别给出了能量守恒计算方法和变工况计算方法下的各级加热器抽汽量及热经济性指标的计算结果,数据显示所提变工况计算方法较精准能量平衡计算方法,计算误差不超过0.15%,具有较高精度,可用于耦合0号高加系统的热经济性评估。
为定量评估增设0号高加后对热经济性的影响情况,以上述机组为研究对象进行热平衡计算。
表7给出了不同工况下增设0号高加前后的给水温度变化值。表8给出了增设0号高加前后机组出力、吸热量及循环热效率、热耗率等能效指标的计算结果。图5给出了耦合0号高加前后机组的给水温度变化情况。由表7和图5可知:在增设0号高加后,75%以上负荷可达到额定负荷工况的给水温度。以机组在设计工况下的端差为基准,在75%、50%、40%、30%负荷下,增设0号高加后给水温度可分别提高19.1、24.6、27.8、32.3 ℃。对比表6中的内部功,在上述4个负荷段内部功分别损失了16.67、13.42、11.54、9.6 MW,可以看出高负荷下获得相同的给水温升会损失更多的内部功,这与高参数下蒸汽的做功能力更强相一致。
图6和图7分别给出了耦合0号高加前后机组的循环热效率和热效率变化情况。根据表8和图6和图7可知,在30%~75%负荷区间增设0号高加,循环热效率可提升0.18%~0.2%,热耗率约降低了29.3~34.6 kJ/(kW·h),其中75%负荷段降低了29.3 kJ/(kW·h),降幅最小;而30%~40%负荷段降幅最大,为34.5~34.6 kJ/(kW·h)。由此可见,0号高加在低负荷段投运具有更明显的经济效益。考虑到投运0号高加会使锅炉效率下降,因此,75%以上负荷段不建议投运0号高加。
4 结论
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建立了适应0号高加耦合的火电机组汽水分布新模型,提出了热经济性变工况计算方法,发展了耦合0号高加火电机组的热经济性评估方法。结果表明:变工况计算方法的计算误差不超过0.15%,具有较高精度,可用于机组热经济性评估;机组在75%及以下负荷工况运行时,增设0号高加可使给水温度提高19.1~32.3 ℃,循环热效率提升0.18%~0.2%,机组热耗率降低29.3~34.6 kJ/(kW·h);机组运行的负荷越低,投入0号高加的机组热经济性收益越得到显著提升。
基金
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  • 国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4100404)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2023YQ002)
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2025年第25卷第2期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402825
  • 接收时间：2024-04-18
  • 首发时间：2025-12-05
  • 出版时间：2025-01-18
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  • 收稿日期：2024-04-18
  • 修回日期：2024-11-07
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4100404)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2023YQ002)
作者信息
    1 华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院, 北京 102206
    2 华电电力科学研究院有限公司, 杭州 310030

通讯作者:

* 王玮(1986—),男,汉族,山东沂水人,博士,教授。研究方向:发电过程建模与优化控制。E-mail:。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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