Article(id=1156986622068741013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156963927277003616, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2401918, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1710691200000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-18, revisedDate=1732204800000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753776706473, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1742227200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-18, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753776706473, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753776706473, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753776706473, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156963927277003616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='8', pageStart='3079', pageEnd='3528', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753771295613, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753777038876, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156988016305726153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156963927277003616, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156988016305726154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156963927277003616, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3382, endPage=3390, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156986623582884760, articleId=1156986622068741013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Load-displacement Characteristics and Bearing Capacity Prediction on Anti-floating Anchor of Screw-thread Steel Bars, columnId=1156963932482130535, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the field pull destructive test of 9 anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars in a foundation pit anti-float project in Qingdao, the load-displacement characteristics of anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars under different anchoring lengths were studied, and the bearing performance of anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars was determined. The results show that the ultimate uplift bearing capacity of the anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars with the same diameter is 681 kN for the 3.0 m and 3.5 m anchors anchored in medium-weathered granite, and 1 004 kN for the 4.0 m anchors anchored in medium-weathered granite. At the initial stage of loading, the displacement of anchor head increase linearly, and with the increase of load, the displacement of anchor head increase abruptly, all of which exceed 50 mm. The agreement between the hyperbolic function and the power function load-displacement curve model and the measured value is good when the load level is low, but is relatively poor when the failure is near, and the predicted ultimate tensile strength is much different from the measured value. The exponential function load-displacement curve model can predict the ultimate uplift bearing capacity of the test anchors with high accuracy and good agreement with the measured curve.

, correspAuthors=Nan YAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Huan-long DU, Zhong-sheng WANG, Nan YAN, Cheng-lu LÜ, Xiao-yu BAI, Shi-xiang JIA, Gan SUN, Lei ZHU, Peng WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156986725219258410, articleId=1156986622068741013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆荷载-位移特性及承载力预测, columnId=1154013916129648643, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于青岛某基坑抗浮工程中9 根精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的现场拉拔破坏性试验,研究不同锚固长度下精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的荷载-位移特性,明确精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的承载性能。结果表明:相同直径的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆,锚入中风化花岗岩3. 0 m 与3. 5 m 的锚杆其极限抗拔承载力为681 kN,锚入中风化花岗岩4. 0 m 的锚杆其极限抗拔承载力为1 004 kN;加载初期,锚头位移呈线性增加,随荷载增加,锚头位移突增,均超过50 mm。双曲线函数与幂函数荷载-位移曲线模型与实测值在荷载水平较低时吻合度较好,临近破坏时吻合度相对较差,且极限抗拔承载力预测值较实测值偏差较大;指数函数荷载-位移曲线模型对本次试验锚杆的极限抗拔承载力预测精度较高,与实测值曲线吻合度较好。

, correspAuthors=闫楠, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*闫楠(1982-),女,汉族,山东潍坊人,博士,副教授。研究方向:环境岩土工程及基础工程。E-mail: yannan0527@163.com。
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杜焕龙(2000—),男,汉族,山东济南人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地基与基础工程。E-mail:1944180846@qq.com。

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杜焕龙(2000—),男,汉族,山东济南人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地基与基础工程。E-mail:1944180846@qq.com。

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杜焕龙(2000—),男,汉族,山东济南人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地基与基础工程。E-mail:1944180846@qq.com。

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Prediction of limit bearing capacity of bolt using artifical neural networks[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2002. 21(5): 755-758., articleTitle=Prediction of limit bearing capacity of bolt using artifical neural networks, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1156986752679367119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, awardId=ZR2020KE009, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KE009), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1156986752729698768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, awardId=51708316, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(51708316), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1156986752784224721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, awardId=tsqn202306234, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省泰山学者项目(tsqn202306234), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1156986752851333586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, awardId=BHKF2021Z09, language=CN, fundingSource=自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室开放基金重点课题(BHKF2021Z09), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1156986735927316627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986735931510932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986735927316627, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266520 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986735939899541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986735927316627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 青岛理工大学 土木工程学院 青岛 266520)]), AuthorCompany(id=1156986736040562839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986736048951449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986736040562839, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space, Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao 266000 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986736053145754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986736040562839, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室 青岛 266000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1156986736116060316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986736120254621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986736116060316, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Qingdao Shiyun Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Qingdao 266042 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986736124448926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986736116060316, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 青岛施运机械施工有限责任公司 青岛 266042)]), AuthorCompany(id=1156986736183169184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986736187363489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986736183169184, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 Jinan Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd. 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Jinan 250000 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986736296415399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, companyId=1156986736283832484, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5 济南能源工程集团有限公司 济南 250000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1156986750758375858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Position diagram of test bolt, figureFileSmall=JVS8U05DUmlfUMnBPbvm7A==, figureFileBig=9PWrOObSUrLT5gF8PhAwvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986750846456244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=图1, caption=试验锚杆位置示意图, figureFileSmall=JVS8U05DUmlfUMnBPbvm7A==, figureFileBig=9PWrOObSUrLT5gF8PhAwvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986750905176502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Schematic diagram and physical diagram of the loading device, figureFileSmall=MgyOJbl7eeEWHdU8XyafGQ==, figureFileBig=TDR8rURbzD7PN5ztY4QvbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986750968091063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=图2, caption=加载装置示意图及实物图, figureFileSmall=MgyOJbl7eeEWHdU8XyafGQ==, figureFileBig=TDR8rURbzD7PN5ztY4QvbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751031005625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Failure load and the ultimate uplift bearing capacity of anti-floating anchor, figureFileSmall=78CIu34o6kAQMHAdy9yn7Q==, figureFileBig=8JakL7g0YUVds/OjvFIx4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751081337275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=图3, caption=抗浮锚杆破坏荷载与极限抗拔承载力, figureFileSmall=78CIu34o6kAQMHAdy9yn7Q==, figureFileBig=8JakL7g0YUVds/OjvFIx4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751131668925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Load-displacement curve of anti-floating anchor, figureFileSmall=U51LLkPTzDVDkvHTMsLQnQ==, figureFileBig=alE7G5F7KOXvTw270VKRXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751182000574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=图4, caption=抗浮锚杆杆体荷载-位移曲线, figureFileSmall=U51LLkPTzDVDkvHTMsLQnQ==, figureFileBig=alE7G5F7KOXvTw270VKRXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751249109439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Comparison of load-displacement curve models, figureFileSmall=x/TKFK1cw8L0fxu4c/yzdg==, figureFileBig=idYQ3h1eBhYqt1CR+OfDCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751316218304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=图5, caption=荷载-位移曲线模型对比, figureFileSmall=x/TKFK1cw8L0fxu4c/yzdg==, figureFileBig=idYQ3h1eBhYqt1CR+OfDCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986751370744257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=The main physical and mechanical indexes of foundation pit rock, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层 平均厚度 $/\mathrm{m}$ 重度 $/\left({\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}}\right)$ 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(${}^{\circ }$) 模量/MPa
第①层杂填土 5.76 15.0 5.0 10.0 -
第②层粗砂砾 3.65 18.0 4.0 18.0 10. 0 (变形模量)
第③层粉质黏土 1.43 18.8 13.2 5.8 2.82 (压缩模量)
第④层粉质黏土 1.13 19.7 32.9 14.9 5.77 (压缩模量)
第⑤层粗砾砂 4.35 21.0 2.5 25.0 20. 0 (变形模量)
第⑥层全风化花岗岩 2.13 21.0 3.0 30.0 25.0(变形模量)
第 ⑦层强风化花岗岩 1.53 24.0 2.0 35.0 40. 0 (变形模量)
第 ⑧ 层中风化花岗岩 - 27.0 - 50.0 3 000.0 (弹性模量)
), ArticleFig(id=1156986751437853122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=表1, caption=基坑岩层主要物理力学指标, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层 平均厚度 $/\mathrm{m}$ 重度 $/\left({\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}}\right)$ 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(${}^{\circ }$) 模量/MPa
第①层杂填土 5.76 15.0 5.0 10.0 -
第②层粗砂砾 3.65 18.0 4.0 18.0 10. 0 (变形模量)
第③层粉质黏土 1.43 18.8 13.2 5.8 2.82 (压缩模量)
第④层粉质黏土 1.13 19.7 32.9 14.9 5.77 (压缩模量)
第⑤层粗砾砂 4.35 21.0 2.5 25.0 20. 0 (变形模量)
第⑥层全风化花岗岩 2.13 21.0 3.0 30.0 25.0(变形模量)
第 ⑦层强风化花岗岩 1.53 24.0 2.0 35.0 40. 0 (变形模量)
第 ⑧ 层中风化花岗岩 - 27.0 - 50.0 3 000.0 (弹性模量)
), ArticleFig(id=1156986751513350595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Main design parameters of bolts, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆编号 杆体直 径/mm 锚杆总 长/mm 锚固段长 度/mm 锚入中风化花 岗岩长度/mm 加载段长 度/mm
S3.0-1 36 12 600 11 800 3000 800
S3.0-2 36 12 600 11 800 3000 800
S3.0-3 36 12 600 11 800 3000 800
S3.5-1 36 13 100 12 300 3 500 800
S3.5-2 36 13 100 12300 3 500 800
S3.5-3 36 13 100 12300 3 500 800
S4.0-1 36 13 600 12 800 4000 800
S4.0-2 36 13 600 12 800 4000 800
S4.0-3 36 13 600 12 800 4000 800
), ArticleFig(id=1156986751559487940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=表2, caption=锚杆主要设计参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆编号 杆体直 径/mm 锚杆总 长/mm 锚固段长 度/mm 锚入中风化花 岗岩长度/mm 加载段长 度/mm
S3.0-1 36 12 600 11 800 3000 800
S3.0-2 36 12 600 11 800 3000 800
S3.0-3 36 12 600 11 800 3000 800
S3.5-1 36 13 100 12 300 3 500 800
S3.5-2 36 13 100 12300 3 500 800
S3.5-3 36 13 100 12300 3 500 800
S4.0-1 36 13 600 12 800 4000 800
S4.0-2 36 13 600 12 800 4000 800
S4.0-3 36 13 600 12 800 4000 800
), ArticleFig(id=1156986751626596805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Test results statistics, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆 编号 破坏荷 载/kN 极限抗拔承 载力/kN 极限抗拔承载力 对应位移 $/\mathrm{{mm}}$ 破坏方式
S3.0-1 750 645 14.992 错头位移不收敛
S3.0-2 709 645 11.413 错头位移不收敛
S3.0-3 840 753 13.716 错头位移不收敛
S3.5-1 837 753 15.089 错头位移不收敛
S3.5-2 720 645 13.495 错头位移不收敛
S3.5-3 738 645 12.631 错头位移不收敛
S4.0-1 1 075 968 11.856 锚头位移不收敛
S4.0-2 1 186 1 075 12.806 错头位移不收敛
S4.0-3 1 075 968 12.386 错头位移不收敛
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752142496198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=表3, caption=试验结果统计, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆 编号 破坏荷 载/kN 极限抗拔承 载力/kN 极限抗拔承载力 对应位移 $/\mathrm{{mm}}$ 破坏方式
S3.0-1 750 645 14.992 错头位移不收敛
S3.0-2 709 645 11.413 错头位移不收敛
S3.0-3 840 753 13.716 错头位移不收敛
S3.5-1 837 753 15.089 错头位移不收敛
S3.5-2 720 645 13.495 错头位移不收敛
S3.5-3 738 645 12.631 错头位移不收敛
S4.0-1 1 075 968 11.856 锚头位移不收敛
S4.0-2 1 186 1 075 12.806 错头位移不收敛
S4.0-3 1 075 968 12.386 错头位移不收敛
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752209605065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Common load-displacement curve model ${}^{\left\lbrack {10}- {11},{14}\right\rbrack }$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
函数模型 函数公式 备注
双曲线模型 ${}^{\left\lbrack {10}\right\rbrack }$ $Q =\frac{{Q}_{\mathrm{m}}S}{S + a}$ $S$ 为锚杆位移,单位:$\mathrm{{mm}};{Q}_{\mathrm{m}}$ 为抗浮锚杆实测极限抗拔承载力,$\mathrm{{kN}};a$ 为拟合 参数
指数函数模型[11] $Q ={Q}_{\mathrm{m}}\left({1 -{\mathrm{e}}^{bS}}\right)$ $b$ 为沉降衰减因子,单位:mm ${}^{-1}$
幂函数模型[14] $Q ={Q}_{\mathrm{m}}\left\{{1 -{\left\lbrack 1 +\frac{\left({n - 1}\right){K}_{i}}{{Q}_{\mathrm{m}}}S\right\rbrack }^{\frac{1}{1 - n}}}\right\}$ ${K}_{i}$ 为初始抗拔刚度,取拉拔试验中杆体第一级荷载与对应位移的比值,单 位:kN/mm;$n$ 为切向刚度指数,因抗浮锚杆可视为微型等截面抗拔桩,故 $n ={2.122}$
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752259936714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=表4, caption=常见的荷载-位移模型 ${}^{\left\lbrack {10}- {11},{14}\right\rbrack }$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
函数模型 函数公式 备注
双曲线模型 ${}^{\left\lbrack {10}\right\rbrack }$ $Q =\frac{{Q}_{\mathrm{m}}S}{S + a}$ $S$ 为锚杆位移,单位:$\mathrm{{mm}};{Q}_{\mathrm{m}}$ 为抗浮锚杆实测极限抗拔承载力,$\mathrm{{kN}};a$ 为拟合 参数
指数函数模型[11] $Q ={Q}_{\mathrm{m}}\left({1 -{\mathrm{e}}^{bS}}\right)$ $b$ 为沉降衰减因子,单位:mm ${}^{-1}$
幂函数模型[14] $Q ={Q}_{\mathrm{m}}\left\{{1 -{\left\lbrack 1 +\frac{\left({n - 1}\right){K}_{i}}{{Q}_{\mathrm{m}}}S\right\rbrack }^{\frac{1}{1 - n}}}\right\}$ ${K}_{i}$ 为初始抗拔刚度,取拉拔试验中杆体第一级荷载与对应位移的比值,单 位:kN/mm;$n$ 为切向刚度指数,因抗浮锚杆可视为微型等截面抗拔桩,故 $n ={2.122}$
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752301879755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=Calculation accuracy of ultimate uplift bearing capacity of load-displacement curve model, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆编号 实测极限抗拔 承载力/kN 双曲线函数模型 指数函数模型 幂函数模型
预测值/kN 相对误差 $/\%$ 预测值 $/\mathrm{{kN}}$ 相对误差 $/\%$ 预测值/kN 相对误差 $/\%$
S3.0-1 645 606.52 -5.97 641.65 -0.52 604.24 -6.32
S3.0-2 645 581.17 -9.90 621.61 -3.63 563.27 -12.67
S3.0-3 753 696.75 -7.47 741.70 -0.13 681.34 -9.52
S3.5-1 753 710.42 -5.65 754.09 0.14 707.32 -6.07
S3.5-2 645 605.14 -6.18 642.20 -0.43 599.93 -6.99
S3.5-3 645 576.14 -10.68 612.98 -4.96 561.41 -12.96
S4.0-1 968 801.12 -17.24 846.90 -12.51 733.52 -24.22
S4.0-2 1 075 962.77 -10.44 1031.61 -4.04 943.27 -12.25
S4.0-3 968 814.22 -15.89 854.99 -11.67 791.64 -18.22
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752364794316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=表5, caption=荷载-位移曲线模型极限抗拔承载力计算精度, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆编号 实测极限抗拔 承载力/kN 双曲线函数模型 指数函数模型 幂函数模型
预测值/kN 相对误差 $/\%$ 预测值 $/\mathrm{{kN}}$ 相对误差 $/\%$ 预测值/kN 相对误差 $/\%$
S3.0-1 645 606.52 -5.97 641.65 -0.52 604.24 -6.32
S3.0-2 645 581.17 -9.90 621.61 -3.63 563.27 -12.67
S3.0-3 753 696.75 -7.47 741.70 -0.13 681.34 -9.52
S3.5-1 753 710.42 -5.65 754.09 0.14 707.32 -6.07
S3.5-2 645 605.14 -6.18 642.20 -0.43 599.93 -6.99
S3.5-3 645 576.14 -10.68 612.98 -4.96 561.41 -12.96
S4.0-1 968 801.12 -17.24 846.90 -12.51 733.52 -24.22
S4.0-2 1 075 962.77 -10.44 1031.61 -4.04 943.27 -12.25
S4.0-3 968 814.22 -15.89 854.99 -11.67 791.64 -18.22
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752419320269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=Calculation parameters of load-displacement curve model, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆编号 双曲线函数 模型 $a$ 指数函数模型 $b/\left({\mathrm{{mm}}}^{-1}\right)$ 幂函数模型 ${K}_{i}/\left({\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot {\mathrm{{mm}}}^{-1}}\right)$
S3.0-1 5.890 6 -0.138 0 145.552 6
S3.0-2 4.939 8 -0.1729 134.161 5
S3.0-3 5.125 4 -0.162 2 146.938 8
S3.5-1 4.676 7 -0.014 2 195.298 4
S3.5-2 3.719 2 -0.1931 288.000 0
S3.5-3 5.996 2 -0.1395 121.076 2
S4.0-1 7.875 2 -0.1183 117.009 8
S4.0-2 6.335 5 -0.142 3 192.170 8
S4.0-3 7.510 9 -0.1187 147.139 0
), ArticleFig(id=1156986752482234830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156986622068741013, language=CN, label=表6, caption=荷载-位移曲线模型计算参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
锚杆编号 双曲线函数 模型 $a$ 指数函数模型 $b/\left({\mathrm{{mm}}}^{-1}\right)$ 幂函数模型 ${K}_{i}/\left({\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot {\mathrm{{mm}}}^{-1}}\right)$
S3.0-1 5.890 6 -0.138 0 145.552 6
S3.0-2 4.939 8 -0.1729 134.161 5
S3.0-3 5.125 4 -0.162 2 146.938 8
S3.5-1 4.676 7 -0.014 2 195.298 4
S3.5-2 3.719 2 -0.1931 288.000 0
S3.5-3 5.996 2 -0.1395 121.076 2
S4.0-1 7.875 2 -0.1183 117.009 8
S4.0-2 6.335 5 -0.142 3 192.170 8
S4.0-3 7.510 9 -0.1187 147.139 0
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精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆荷载-位移特性及承载力预测
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杜焕龙 1, 2 , 王忠胜 2 , 闫楠 1, 2, * , 吕承禄 3 , 白晓宇 1 , 贾世祥 2 , 孙淦 1 , 朱磊 4 , 王鹏 5
科学技术与工程 | 建筑科学 2025,25(8): 3382-3390
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科学技术与工程 | 建筑科学 2025, 25(8): 3382-3390
精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆荷载-位移特性及承载力预测
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杜焕龙1, 2 , 王忠胜2, 闫楠1, 2, * , 吕承禄3, 白晓宇1, 贾世祥2, 孙淦1, 朱磊4, 王鹏5
作者信息
  • 1 青岛理工大学 土木工程学院 青岛 266520
  • 2 自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室 青岛 266000
  • 3 青岛施运机械施工有限责任公司 青岛 266042
  • 4 济南市市政工程设计研究院(集团)有限责任公司 济南 250003
  • 5 济南能源工程集团有限公司 济南 250000
  • 杜焕龙(2000—),男,汉族,山东济南人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地基与基础工程。E-mail:1944180846@qq.com。

通讯作者:

*闫楠(1982-),女,汉族,山东潍坊人,博士,副教授。研究方向:环境岩土工程及基础工程。E-mail: yannan0527@163.com。
Load-displacement Characteristics and Bearing Capacity Prediction on Anti-floating Anchor of Screw-thread Steel Bars
Huan-long DU1, 2 , Zhong-sheng WANG2, Nan YAN1, 2, * , Cheng-lu LÜ3, Xiao-yu BAI1, Shi-xiang JIA2, Gan SUN1, Lei ZHU4, Peng WANG5
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266520 China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space, Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao 266000 China
  • 3 Qingdao Shiyun Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Qingdao 266042 China
  • 4 Jinan Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd. Jinan 250003 China
  • 5 Jinan Energy Engineering Group Co., Ltd. Jinan 250000 China
出版时间: 2025-03-18 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2401918
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基于青岛某基坑抗浮工程中9 根精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的现场拉拔破坏性试验,研究不同锚固长度下精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的荷载-位移特性,明确精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的承载性能。结果表明:相同直径的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆,锚入中风化花岗岩3. 0 m 与3. 5 m 的锚杆其极限抗拔承载力为681 kN,锚入中风化花岗岩4. 0 m 的锚杆其极限抗拔承载力为1 004 kN;加载初期,锚头位移呈线性增加,随荷载增加,锚头位移突增,均超过50 mm。双曲线函数与幂函数荷载-位移曲线模型与实测值在荷载水平较低时吻合度较好,临近破坏时吻合度相对较差,且极限抗拔承载力预测值较实测值偏差较大;指数函数荷载-位移曲线模型对本次试验锚杆的极限抗拔承载力预测精度较高,与实测值曲线吻合度较好。

精轧螺纹钢筋  /  抗浮锚杆  /  极限抗拔承载力  /  荷载-位移(Q-s)曲线  /  函数模型

Based on the field pull destructive test of 9 anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars in a foundation pit anti-float project in Qingdao, the load-displacement characteristics of anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars under different anchoring lengths were studied, and the bearing performance of anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars was determined. The results show that the ultimate uplift bearing capacity of the anti-floating anchor of screw-thread steel bars with the same diameter is 681 kN for the 3.0 m and 3.5 m anchors anchored in medium-weathered granite, and 1 004 kN for the 4.0 m anchors anchored in medium-weathered granite. At the initial stage of loading, the displacement of anchor head increase linearly, and with the increase of load, the displacement of anchor head increase abruptly, all of which exceed 50 mm. The agreement between the hyperbolic function and the power function load-displacement curve model and the measured value is good when the load level is low, but is relatively poor when the failure is near, and the predicted ultimate tensile strength is much different from the measured value. The exponential function load-displacement curve model can predict the ultimate uplift bearing capacity of the test anchors with high accuracy and good agreement with the measured curve.

screw-thread steel bars  /  anti-floating anchor  /  ultimate uplift bearing capacity  /  load-displacement(Q-s) curve  /  function model
杜焕龙, 王忠胜, 闫楠, 吕承禄, 白晓宇, 贾世祥, 孙淦, 朱磊, 王鹏. 精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆荷载-位移特性及承载力预测. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (8) : 3382 -3390 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2401918
Huan-long DU, Zhong-sheng WANG, Nan YAN, Cheng-lu LÜ, Xiao-yu BAI, Shi-xiang JIA, Gan SUN, Lei ZHU, Peng WANG. Load-displacement Characteristics and Bearing Capacity Prediction on Anti-floating Anchor of Screw-thread Steel Bars[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (8) : 3382 -3390 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2401918
近年来, 城市现代化不断发展、人口不断增加, 可以使用的土地面积越来越稀少, 地上建筑的开发越来越有限,对地下空间的开发越来越重要[1]。地下水对地下空间开发的影响不可忽视, 地下水会对地下结构产生浮力, 建筑物因受地下水浮力而破坏的案例屡屡发生,为抵抗地下水浮力,建筑基础需进行抗浮处理, 常见的基础抗浮措施有压重法、盲沟排水法,抗拔桩法、抗浮锚杆[2-5],其中抗浮锚杆因其具有施工难度低、地层适应性强、锚固效率高等特点,被广泛应用于地下结构的抗浮工程[6]。精轧螺纹钢 (prestressing-screw bars, PSB) 于 20 世纪 80 年代得到大力推广, 广泛应用于特大型建筑、框架结构、相桥涵和结构抗浮等工程[7]。精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆与普通钢筋抗浮锚杆相比,相同抗拔承载力要求下钢筋用量少,与混凝土之间黏结强度更好, 成本低, 施工方便, 对周边环境造成的扰动小, 连接方便,可在任意截面处拧上带有内螺纹的连接器进行连接${}^{\left\lbrack 8 \cdot 9\right\rbrack }$。在实际应用中,通过精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆拉拔试验, 获得部分荷载跟位移的数据, 建立数学模型, 预测精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的完整荷载-位移(Q - s)曲线以及极限抗拔承载力的大小具有重要的参考价值及工程意义。陈棠茵[10] 通过用双曲线数学模型拟合抗浮锚杆原位试验的$Q - s$ 曲线, 发现其具有良好的拟合效果。应志民等[11] 通过双曲线模型与指数模型拟合抗拔试验实测$Q - s$ 曲线, 发现双曲线模型和指数模型都能较好地拟合锚杆$Q - s$ 曲线的前部,而在曲线的后部,双曲线拟合的锚杆误差较大, 指数模型拟合的锚杆误差较小。邓志勇等。25 结合实际工程,对常用的双曲线模型、调整双曲线模型、指数曲线模型进行了对比分析, 提出了适用于天津市的未压坏桩极限抗拔承载力预测模型。井德胜等[13] 通过对 6 组同规格的 GFRP 抗浮锚杆及钢筋进行现场拉拔破坏性试验, 得出了试验锚杆荷载-位移曲线特征,进而利用二次多项式回归拟合推导承载力预测方程, 承载力预测精度最高法 95% 连安分娩期和指数模型,用幂函数模型描述抗拔桩$Q - s$ 曲线,适应性更强,模拟结果更合理。孙晓云等[15] 总结分析双曲线、指数和幂函数 3 种模型, 提出改进指-幂混合函数模型, 并通过实际工程案例验证, 该函数模型预测锚杆的极限抗拔承载力较为准确, 且受弹性阶段和破坏阶段数据影响较小。
综合以上分析, 目前关于精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的试验研究相对较少, 也尚无精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的国家或行业标准。鉴于此, 依托青岛基坑抗浮工程, 开展 9 根相同直径、不同锚固长度的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的现场极限载荷试验, 分析精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的承载特征、不同锚固长度抗浮锚杆的荷载- 位移特性。将试验结果与目前受到普遍认可的荷载型进行对比, 研究描述精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的最优荷载-位移曲线模型, 为类似工程中抗浮锚杆的极限抗拔承载力预测提供依据。
试验场地位于青岛市市北区某在建建筑基坑工程中。根据地质勘察报告可知,试验场地整体地势起伏较大, 地层结构简单, 层序清晰, 地质土层主要包括:第①层杂填土,以回填建筑垃圾、粗砾砂为主;第②层粗砂砾,呈灰褐色或黄褐色,以石英、长石为主;第③层粉质黏土,呈灰褐色或灰黑色;第 ④ 层粉质黏土,呈黄褐色;第⑤层粗砾砂,呈黄褐色, 以石英、长石为主;第⑥层全风化花岗岩,呈褐黄色;第⑦层强风化花岗岩,呈褐黄色,中细粒花岗结构;第⑧层中风化花岗岩,呈肉红、青灰色,块状构造;基坑岩层主要物理力学指标如表1 所示。
试验采用的锚杆为精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆, 其中锚杆筋体是选自河北某公司生产的预应力混凝土用螺纹钢筋,采用 PSB1080 钢筋,抗拉强度设计值为${900}\mathrm{{MPa}}$,筋体直径为${36}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,锚杆孔径为${200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,单根锚杆极限抗拔承载力设计值为${860}\mathrm{{kN}}$,锚筋的连接采用机械方式,注浆采用$\mathrm{M}{30}$ 水泥砂浆, 试验锚杆共 9 根, 其主要设计参数如表2 所示。抗浮锚杆具体布置位置示意图如图1 所示。
使用挖掘机清理试验场地, 钻机定位后, 利用钻机垂直向下钻取锚孔。为避免相邻抗浮锚杆距离过近对试验结果产生影响, 控制相邻钻孔间距为$3\mathrm{\;m}$,锚孔孔径为${200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$
预先将定位器安装于锚杆杆体表面,使用钻孔机将锚杆垂直下放,锚杆杆体下放过程中注意避免杆体过度弯曲, 保证锚杆位于钻孔中央。
本试验采用 M30 水泥砂浆进行压力注浆,注浆结束后养护${28}\mathrm{\;d}$
本试验采用的设备有行程为200 t 的千斤顶、量程为0 ~ 100 MPa 的压力表、量程为200 t 的锚索测力计以及精度为0. 01 mm、量程为0 ~ 100 mm 的千分表,具体加载装置如图2 所示。为保证试验顺利进行,对岩土体以及千斤顶承载面进行整平处理,在反力梁下先铺设20 mm 厚钢板以增加地基土刚度,防止加载过程中反力梁下地基土产生不均匀沉降,保证试验过程中荷载方向与锚杆杆体方向平行。加载过程严格按照《建筑基坑支护技术规程》 执行。试验采用逐级加载方式, 通过手动式油压泵和穿心千斤顶进行加压, 以控制每一级荷载加载量及加载速率, 加载速率约为 ,以每级 逐级匀速加载,即施加荷载顺序为 直至锚杆发生破坏时终止加载。每级荷载施加完毕后,立即测读位移量。以后每间隔 测读一次,每级荷载持荷 15 min。锚杆的破坏标准以《建筑基坑支护技术规程》(JGJ 120-2012) 相关规定为准,极限抗拔承载力取破坏荷载前一级荷载值。当出现下列情况之一时,即可终止锚杆抗拔试验。
(1)从第二级加载开始,后一级荷载产生的锚杆杆体位移增量大于前一级荷载产生位移增量的 5 倍。
(2)锚杆杆体位移持续增长无收敛迹象。
(3)锚杆杆体发生破坏、杆体从锚固体中拔出或锚固体被拔出。
试验过程中, 加载至各试验锚杆新增加的上拔荷载无法继续施加, 锚头位移不收敛。试验结果如表3 所示。
表3 可知, 在本试验条件下, 锚入中风化花岗岩长度分别为${3.0}\mathrm{\;m}$${3.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的抗浮锚杆最大破坏荷载为${840}\mathrm{\;{kN}}$,极限抗拔承载力均值为${681}\mathrm{{kN}}$,小于极限抗拔承载力设计值 860 kN, 锚入中风化花岗岩长度为${4.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的抗浮锚杆最大破坏荷载为${1186}\mathrm{{kN}}$,极限抗拔承载力均值为${1004}\mathrm{{kN}}$,满足极限抗拔承载力设计值 860 kN,可见提高锚杆锚入中风化花岗岩中的深度至${3.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 对提高其极限抗拔承载力并无明显效果; 而锚入中风化花岗岩长度为${4.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的试验锚杆较锚入中风化花岗岩长度为${3.0}\mathrm{\;m}$${3.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的试验锚杆最大破坏荷载提升约 41.2%,其极限抗拔承载力提升约 47.4%, 可见提高抗浮锚杆锚入中风化花岗岩的长度至${4.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ 可显著提高其极限抗拔承载力。
抗浮锚杆真实极限抗拔承载力要高于规范建议值。贾金青等[18] 认为根据$Q - s$ 曲线位移变化较大的拐点处对应的荷载为每根抗浮锚杆的极限抗拔承载力。吴江斌等[19] 采用指数模型和双曲线模型对某交通枢纽锚杆进行平均荷载-位移曲线拟合, 认为可将规范规定的荷载加载等级和破坏判定条件带入拟合方程得到修正极限值, 发现修正极限值与拟合方程极限值比值范围在${0.84}\sim {0.90}$,而采用指数函数模型预测锚杆的极限承载力时, 可将 0.85 倍的拟合方程极限值视作抗浮锚杆的极限抗拔承载力。王贤能等[20] 认为,岩石抗浮锚杆位移设计允许值建议取${20}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,即锚杆受荷产生位移达${20}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 时的荷载视为锚杆极限抗拔承载力, 根据此方法计算得到 9 根试验锚杆极限抗拔承载力分别为 664、 665、765、761、655、660、989、1094、985 kN,较符合 9 根试验锚杆的实测极限抗拔承载力, 9 根试验锚杆破坏荷载与按文献[20] 确定的极限抗拔承载力以及实测抗拔承载力对比如图3 所示,柱状图为 9 根试验锚杆破坏荷载,可以看出,文献 [20] 确定的极限抗拔承载力比实测极限抗拔承载力整体要偏高, 但相差不大。
通过研究锚杆锚筋滑移量与拉拔荷载之间的关系, 宏观地分析抗浮锚杆的荷载传递特性, 精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的荷载-位移曲线如图4 所示。
加载初期,随着荷载的增加,位移呈线性缓慢增加, 从图4 可以看出, 当 S3.0 组试验锚杆荷载分别超过${645}\text{、}{645}\text{、}{753}\mathrm{\;{kN}},\mathrm{\;S}{3.5}$ 组试验锚杆分别超过 753 、645 、 645 kN , S4 .0 组试验锚杆分别超过 968 、 1 075、968 kN 时,位移陡然增加,存在明显的突变点, 这是由于在加载初期为杆体与锚固砂浆间的化学胶黏力起主要黏结作用[1],随着荷载的增加锚杆杆体与锚固砂浆之间的黏结力逐渐小于上拔荷载, 杆体上拔量逐渐增大, 锚杆杆体表面的螺纹肋纹与锚固砂浆之间机械咬合力、化学黏结力出现下降, 并且金属锚杆的弹性模量较大, 在加载初期时变形不明显,直至破坏前夕,钢筋锚杆由弹性变形向塑形变形转变, 产生较大变形, 锚杆锚筋位移陡然增加。这与非金属抗浮锚杆荷载-位移曲线不同,非金属抗浮锚杆如 BFRP(basalt fiber reinforced polymer, BFRP) 抗浮锚杆、GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer, GFRP) 抗浮锚杆荷载位移曲线基本呈线性增长,这是由于其弹性模量较小,材料变形回弹性能差, 并且锚杆杆体与锚固砂浆的线膨胀系数相近, 在加载初期杆体位移即随荷载呈线性增长,此时杆体与锚固砂浆之间的化学胶黏力起主要黏结作用[21],随着荷载的增加,锚杆杆体与锚固体砂浆的黏结力逐渐小于上拔力,同时杆体与锚固体之间出现裂缝导致杆体与锚固体间机械咬合力、化学黏结力都出现不同程度的下降,杆体上拔量逐渐增大, 直至锚杆发生破坏。
为了确定抗浮锚杆的极限抗拔承载力, 一般通过现场抗拔试验测得锚杆静荷载与锚杆端部位移关系曲线(Q - s)来确定锚杆的极限抗拔承载力,但为获得完整的$Q - s$ 曲线必须进行破坏试验,时间与经济成本都比较高, 且检测面较小, 影响试验结果的代表性[22]。如果通过理论分析得到$Q - s$ 曲线的数学描述方法,就可利用$Q - s$ 曲线预测锚杆的极限抗拔承载力,节约成本,对锚杆的进一步研究具有重要意义。常见的荷载-位移曲线模型如表${4}^{\left\lbrack {10}\cdot {11},{14}\right\rbrack }$ 所示。
基于现场精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆抗拔试验的实测数据, 对比上述 3 种模型的拟合曲线得到的数据, 据此分析上述 3 种模型的拟合曲线在本试验条件下的适用性。计算曲线与实测曲线对比如图5 所示, 需要指出的是, 由于试验是将抗浮锚杆破坏前一级荷载作为极限抗拔承载力, 因此将破坏荷载前一级荷载对应的位移视作其最终拔出量,各模型计算极限抗拔承载力精度如表5 所示, 各模型计算参数如表6 所示。
图5表5 可知, 经过双曲线函数模型拟合得到的$Q - s$ 曲线形式与实测$Q - s$ 曲线在荷载水平较低时吻合度较好, 临近破坏时双曲线函数模型拟合得到的$Q - s$ 曲线整体位于实测曲线的下方; 经过幂函数模型拟合得到的$Q - s$ 曲线形式与实测$Q - s$ 曲线在荷载水平较低时吻合度较好, 其拟合得到的极限抗拔承载力均低于实测极限抗拔承载力, 拟合得到的破坏荷载均大于实测破坏荷载,且误差较大,临近破坏时拟合曲线偏移率过大,拟合效果较差,两种函数模型预测极限抗拔承载力相对误差较大,由表5 可知, 双曲线函数模型预测极限抗拔承载力随锚固深度的增加误差率整体呈增大趋势, 表明双曲线函数模型与幂函数模型并不适用于本次试验条件下的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆极限抗拔承载力预测。
指数函数模型拟合得到的$Q - s$ 曲线与实测$Q - s$ 曲线吻合度较好, 预测精度较高, 能准确地描述本次试验条件下的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆$Q - s$ 曲线形式。由表5 可知,除锚杆 S4.0-1、S4.0-3 以外, 指数函数模型计算得到的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆极限抗拔承载力预测相对误差都小于 5%,尤其在抗浮锚杆$\mathrm{S}{3.0}-1$$\mathrm{\;S}{3.0}-3$$\mathrm{\;S}{3.5}-1$$\mathrm{\;S}{3.5}-2$$Q - s$ 曲线中,极限抗拔承载力预测相对误差都在 1% 以内, 准确地描述了本试验条件下的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆的荷载与位移之间的关系。由表5表6 可知, 当精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆锚入中风化花岗岩${4.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ 时,适用于本次试验的指数函数模型预测极限抗拔承载力的误差变化较大,如 S4.0-2 相对误差为 -4.04%,而 S4.0-1、S4.0-3 相 对 误 差 达 到 - 12.51%、-11.67%,且除了抗浮锚杆 S3.5-1 ,指数函数模型预测本试验的精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆极限抗拔承载力较实测极限抗拔承载力普遍偏低。综上分析, 对于本试验而言, 指数函数模型更适合对精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆$Q - s$ 曲线进行描述及极限抗拔承载力预测。
(1)本试验条件下, 锚入中风化花岗岩长度为${3.0},{3.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 试验锚杆的极限抗拔承载力为${681}\mathrm{{kN}}$, 而锚入中风化花岗岩长度为${4.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的试验锚杆极限抗拔承载力为${1004}\mathrm{{kN}}$,满足极限抗拔承载力设计值${860}\mathrm{{kN}}$,与锚入中风化花岗岩长度为${3.0}\mathrm{\;m}$${3.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的试验锚杆相比,其最大破坏荷载提高约 41.2%,极限抗拔承载力提升约 47.4%。
(2)9 根精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆荷载-位移曲线总体呈陡升型, 加载初期, 随荷载增加位移呈线性增加, 当超过极限抗拔承载力时, 位移陡然增加, 杆体与锚固体之间出现较大滑移,加载至破坏荷载时, 锚头位移不收敛,位移持续增加。
(3)通过 3 种曲线函数对精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆极限抗拔承载力进行计算, 与双曲线函数模型、幂函数函数模型相比, 指数函数模型更适用于本试验条件下精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆$Q - s$ 曲线的描述以及锚杆极限抗拔承载力的预测, 因此可用指数函数模型预测该工程或类似地质条件下精轧螺纹钢抗浮锚杆极限抗拔承载力。
  • 山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KE009)
  • 国家自然科学基金(51708316)
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  • 自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室开放基金重点课题(BHKF2021Z09)
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2025年第25卷第8期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2401918
  • 接收时间:2024-03-18
  • 首发时间:2025-07-29
  • 出版时间:2025-03-18
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-18
  • 修回日期:2024-11-22
基金
山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KE009)
国家自然科学基金(51708316)
山东省泰山学者项目(tsqn202306234)
自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室开放基金重点课题(BHKF2021Z09)
作者信息
    1 青岛理工大学 土木工程学院 青岛 266520
    2 自然资源部滨海城市地下空间地质安全重点实验室 青岛 266000
    3 青岛施运机械施工有限责任公司 青岛 266042
    4 济南市市政工程设计研究院(集团)有限责任公司 济南 250003
    5 济南能源工程集团有限公司 济南 250000

通讯作者:

*闫楠(1982-),女,汉族,山东潍坊人,博士,副教授。研究方向:环境岩土工程及基础工程。E-mail: yannan0527@163.com。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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