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Aiming at the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive routing path design in the cable layout design of complex electromechanical products, an automatic routing technology for complex electromechanical product cables based on multi rules particle swarm algorithm was proposed. Firstly, the cable routing environment of electromechanical products was analyzed, and the routing path was abstracted into a sequence of points to complete the definition of cable routing space. Through pose transformation, the problem of difficult interference detection between wiring paths and parts in electromechanical products was solved. In order to make full use of the wiring space, the particle multiple rules were introduced into the particle swarm optimization algorithm. By using particle number, multi-scale collision detection, adjacent waypoint replacement method and fourth-order quasi-uniform B-spline curve method, the problem that the routing environment is complicated and the optimal solution cannot be obtained was solved, and the searching ability, solving speed and routing quality of the algorithm were improved. Through simulation analysis and comparison with other algorithms, the superiority of the algorithm is proved. The example proves that the proposed method can search feasible paths efficiently during routing. The generated routing paths do not interfere with parts in three-dimensional space, and there are no mutation points in the path fairing, which provides a new idea for the automatic routing of complex electromechanical products.
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针对复杂机电产品线缆布局中布线路径设计耗时、耗力的问题,提出了基于多重规则粒子群算法的复杂机电产品线缆自动布线方法。首先分析了线缆布线环境,将布线路径抽象为点序列,完成线缆布线空间的定义。通过位姿变换,解决布线路径和零件之间干涉检测难的问题;为充分利用布线空间,将粒子的多重规则引入粒子群算法中;利用粒子个数、多尺度碰撞检测、相邻路径点置换方法和四阶准均匀B样条曲线法4种粒子规则,解决布线环境复杂而无法获得最优解的问题,提高了算法的搜索能力、求解速度以及线缆的布线质量。通过仿真分析,与其他算法进行对比证明了算法的优越性。实例证明,该方法可以在进行布线路径布局时高效地对可行路径进行搜索,生成的布线路径与三维空间内零部件不发生干涉,路径光顺无突变点,为复杂机电产品线缆自动布局提供了一种新思路。
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王发麟(1986—),男,汉族,江西吉安人,博士,讲师。研究方向:数字化设计与制造,线缆虚拟装配。E-mail:wjme@nchu.edu.cn。
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王发麟(1986—),男,汉族,江西吉安人,博士,讲师。研究方向:数字化设计与制造,线缆虚拟装配。E-mail:wjme@nchu.edu.cn。
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Cable routing space, figureFileSmall=IsAwCmZJNfsxIbPN8i/9Og==, figureFileBig=iHLg7yL/I4xFQ9lTbgjqPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467175041942178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
线缆布线空间, figureFileSmall=IsAwCmZJNfsxIbPN8i/9Og==, figureFileBig=iHLg7yL/I4xFQ9lTbgjqPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467175205520049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Overall flowchart for automated cable routing, figureFileSmall=05l1ekvlyo45j3G26zFSpA==, figureFileBig=oe8+Ta4CCAwbQZ9e85mf9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467175385875141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
线缆自动布线总体流程图, figureFileSmall=05l1ekvlyo45j3G26zFSpA==, figureFileBig=oe8+Ta4CCAwbQZ9e85mf9w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467175557841620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Wiring path point attitude transformation, figureFileSmall=IHlbch5A0F9kgKEAIlWDiA==, figureFileBig=nPHM0dUIwsVi0QMy/8oEXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467175746585315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
布线路径点位姿变换, figureFileSmall=IHlbch5A0F9kgKEAIlWDiA==, figureFileBig=nPHM0dUIwsVi0QMy/8oEXA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467175939523313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Interference detection of cable path points and axis-aligned wraparound boxes, figureFileSmall=wtQ6iQ903MthzM0dp+a01w==, figureFileBig=ekOVRE1MjFikYJXXc1gxmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467176195375874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
线缆路径点与轴对齐包围盒的干涉检测, figureFileSmall=wtQ6iQ903MthzM0dp+a01w==, figureFileBig=ekOVRE1MjFikYJXXc1gxmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467176388313865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Triangulation of parts, figureFileSmall=0XOXYfaCkCy8SHAuviJOgg==, figureFileBig=YIxWS1aBXDf9nAg2VRA4+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467176589640473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
零件三角面片处理, figureFileSmall=0XOXYfaCkCy8SHAuviJOgg==, figureFileBig=YIxWS1aBXDf9nAg2VRA4+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467177956983610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Interference detection between cable path points and digital-modeled distance fields, figureFileSmall=SIt1fmCEVUDJ7PiwoPeAOw==, figureFileBig=q62eBenfGop4tIaK9juolA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467178313499469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
线缆路径点与数模距离场的干涉检测, figureFileSmall=SIt1fmCEVUDJ7PiwoPeAOw==, figureFileBig=q62eBenfGop4tIaK9juolA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467178615489393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Cable crossing elimination schematic, figureFileSmall=bVsbET+EMoTlTftTTcCQJg==, figureFileBig=FLHIg9zn8ZZ+fnykKUfPhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467178841981831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
线缆交叉消除示意图, figureFileSmall=bVsbET+EMoTlTftTTcCQJg==, figureFileBig=FLHIg9zn8ZZ+fnykKUfPhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467179160748958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Cable sub-path cross-check diagram, figureFileSmall=66MMEmm1UniipiMUQjwxQQ==, figureFileBig=Sab+VNPz3HJXAh1PTsBeoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467179567596471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
线缆子路径交叉检验图, figureFileSmall=66MMEmm1UniipiMUQjwxQQ==, figureFileBig=Sab+VNPz3HJXAh1PTsBeoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467179777311686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Synthesized plot of population particle search speed, figureFileSmall=G6qxvq6TWKjA8p4/aWOEtg==, figureFileBig=lZv2wEJX9jNyETBp5pcMBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467180058330063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
种群粒子搜索速度合成图, figureFileSmall=G6qxvq6TWKjA8p4/aWOEtg==, figureFileBig=lZv2wEJX9jNyETBp5pcMBA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467180368708573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Performance comparison of MRPSO algorithm with other algorithms, figureFileSmall=jLFrV8/UpXINPm+0hsJLzg==, figureFileBig=y6fvzokUR/afYDkXNdoJfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467180653921265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
MRPSO算法与其他算法性能比较, figureFileSmall=jLFrV8/UpXINPm+0hsJLzg==, figureFileBig=y6fvzokUR/afYDkXNdoJfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467180960104468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Comparison of PSO and MRPSO algorithm wiring path generation effects, figureFileSmall=wKENI5MfQ8k5yu6vazocHg==, figureFileBig=MEi91618D+SPyqduNHBYSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467182465859633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
PSO与MRPSO算法布线路径生成效果对比图, figureFileSmall=wKENI5MfQ8k5yu6vazocHg==, figureFileBig=MEi91618D+SPyqduNHBYSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467182621048897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
The actual wiring effect of the cable, figureFileSmall=e727ZIJteNWMNM/9ct6Haw==, figureFileBig=iJBKy3jyrmF4yqOsdRBIpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467182742683729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
线缆实际布线效果, figureFileSmall=e727ZIJteNWMNM/9ct6Haw==, figureFileBig=iJBKy3jyrmF4yqOsdRBIpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467182964981872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Approximate relationship between number of particles-number of parts-path length
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| 路径长度/cm | 粒子个数 | |
| 0~40 | 40~80 | 80~120 | |
| 100 | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 200 | 2 | 5 | 8 |
| 300 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225467183136948361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
粒子个数-零件个数-路径长度之间的近似关系
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| 路径长度/cm | 粒子个数 | |
| 0~40 | 40~80 | 80~120 | |
| 100 | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 200 | 2 | 5 | 8 |
| 300 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225467183371829406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Standard test functions
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| 函数 | 函数名 | 表达式 | 规模 | 最优 |
| f1 | Sphere | $\sum _{j=1}^{D}{x}_{j}^{2}$ | ±100 | 0 |
| f2 | Ackley | -20exp$\left(-0.2\sqrt{\frac{1}{D}\sum _{j=1}^{D}{x}_{j}^{2}}\right)$-exp$\left[\frac{1}{D}\sum _{i=1}^{D}cos\left(2\pi {x}_{i}\right)+20+e\right]$ | ±32 | 0 |
| f3 | Griewank | $\frac{1}{4 000}\sum _{j=1}^{D}{x}_{j}^{2}$-$\prod _{j=1}^{D}\left[cos\left(\frac{{x}_{j}}{\sqrt{j}}\right)\right]$+1 | ±600 | 0 |
| f4 | Rastrigin | $\sum _{j=1}^{D}$[${x}_{j}^{2}$-10cos(2πxj)+10] | ±5.12 | 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225467183535407273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
标准测试函数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 函数 | 函数名 | 表达式 | 规模 | 最优 |
| f1 | Sphere | $\sum _{j=1}^{D}{x}_{j}^{2}$ | ±100 | 0 |
| f2 | Ackley | -20exp$\left(-0.2\sqrt{\frac{1}{D}\sum _{j=1}^{D}{x}_{j}^{2}}\right)$-exp$\left[\frac{1}{D}\sum _{i=1}^{D}cos\left(2\pi {x}_{i}\right)+20+e\right]$ | ±32 | 0 |
| f3 | Griewank | $\frac{1}{4 000}\sum _{j=1}^{D}{x}_{j}^{2}$-$\prod _{j=1}^{D}\left[cos\left(\frac{{x}_{j}}{\sqrt{j}}\right)\right]$+1 | ±600 | 0 |
| f4 | Rastrigin | $\sum _{j=1}^{D}$[${x}_{j}^{2}$-10cos(2πxj)+10] | ±5.12 | 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225467183820619976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Wiring path generation speed comparison
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
), ArticleFig(id=1225467184063889616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983790615748851, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
布线路径生成速度对比
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