Article(id=1156983787952365798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156983783787421903, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402404, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712073600000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-03, revisedDate=1731859200000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753776030767, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1739808000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-18, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753776030767, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753776030767, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753776030767, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156983783787421903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='5', pageStart='1753', pageEnd='2192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753776029774, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769691857141, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1223739602251436918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156983783787421903, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1223739602251436919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156983783787421903, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2161, endPage=2167, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156983789869162736, articleId=1156983787952365798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Layout of Buoyancy-lifting Airship and Design Parameters Sensitivity, columnId=1156262731079607234, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Aeronautics and Astronautics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

With the development of global trade, buoyancy-lifting hybrid airship is an important choice for global long-distance and large-load transportation, it has gradually become a research hotspot at home and abroad. In order to improve the transportation efficiency of buoyancy-lifting hybrid airship, its layout and parameter sensitivity were studied. Discussions were conducted on the hull layout and tail wing layout, and several types of hull and tail wing layouts with high lift to drag ratios were proposed. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the impact of design parameters on aerodynamic characteristics. The results indicate that the width of the hull has the most significant impact on the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and maximum lift to drag ratio of airships. Its relative sensitivity coefficient is nearly ten times that of the longitudinal position and inclination angle of the tail wing. The inclination angle of the tail wing has the strongest impact on the torque coefficient of the airship, and its relative sensitivity coefficient is more than twice the width of the hull.

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随着全球贸易的发展,浮升一体化混合飞艇是全球远距离、大载重运输平台的重要选择,逐渐成为国内外研究热点。为了提高浮升一体化飞艇的运输效率,对其布局及参数敏感性进行了研究。针对艇身布局和尾翼布局进行了探讨,提出了几种高升阻比布局的艇身和尾翼型式。同时,进行了设计参数对气动特性影响的敏感性分析,结果表明,艇身宽度对飞艇升力系数、阻力系数和最大升阻比的影响最为明显,其相对敏感性系数为尾翼纵向位置和倾斜角的近十倍;尾翼倾斜角对飞艇力矩系数的影响最大,其相对敏感性系数为艇身宽度的两倍多。

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张华(1984—),男,苗族,湖南永顺人,高级工程师。研究方向:飞行器总体设计。E-mail:

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张华(1984—),男,苗族,湖南永顺人,高级工程师。研究方向:飞行器总体设计。E-mail:

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张华(1984—),男,苗族,湖南永顺人,高级工程师。研究方向:飞行器总体设计。E-mail:

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Advances in Aeronautical Engineering, 2022, 13(5): 104-116., articleTitle=Research on new layout of height-lift-drag ratio of floating-lift integrated airship, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1225467201977762026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, awardId=MZ-2016-F-10, language=CN, fundingSource=民机科研项目(MZ-2016-F-10), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1225467180561646570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225467180687475701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, companyId=1225467180561646570, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 China Special Vehicle Research Institute, Jingmen 448035, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225467180729418746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, companyId=1225467180561646570, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中国特种飞行器研究所, 荆门 448035)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225467180939132945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225467180972687381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, companyId=1225467180939132945, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225467180997853209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, companyId=1225467180939132945, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1225467188404994559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=M1(NACA4428)series hull model, figureFileSmall=WgExnqVGAL/g405Lk3p9Iw==, figureFileBig=4xFTO9jbj32DOJwpnNCRxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467188568572430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图1, caption=M1(NACA4428)系列艇身模型, figureFileSmall=WgExnqVGAL/g405Lk3p9Iw==, figureFileBig=4xFTO9jbj32DOJwpnNCRxw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467188727956003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Comparison of lifting resistance characteristics of M1 series hull, figureFileSmall=6mOkeUySaeTFcko1YKwsBg==, figureFileBig=uiI4DXN0zchAalAOCnOgyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467188878950965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图2, caption=M1系列艇身升阻力特性对比

α为迎角;CL为升力系数;CD为阻力系数;CM为力矩系数;L/D为升阻比

, figureFileSmall=6mOkeUySaeTFcko1YKwsBg==, figureFileBig=uiI4DXN0zchAalAOCnOgyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467189071888969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=High lift-drag ratio hull model, figureFileSmall=hStKVp1rbkPThwBVZp2wqg==, figureFileBig=GNJ/L7li0Om9GWZYKsggcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467189218689623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图3, caption=高升阻比艇身模型, figureFileSmall=hStKVp1rbkPThwBVZp2wqg==, figureFileBig=GNJ/L7li0Om9GWZYKsggcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467189696840317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=High lift to drag ratio of tail layout, figureFileSmall=6Lopm5v/zCQYDmwJhTpaBw==, figureFileBig=2HJq4+8WjwwNZ6owTBo1Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467189801697927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图4, caption=高升阻比尾翼布局, figureFileSmall=6Lopm5v/zCQYDmwJhTpaBw==, figureFileBig=2HJq4+8WjwwNZ6owTBo1Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467189914944146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Hull layout T1, figureFileSmall=6A+yTbxG2jwCg6r3elaDfw==, figureFileBig=ZIdXXEe3xmLe9C7E/XR6Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467190053356196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图5, caption=艇身布局T1, figureFileSmall=6A+yTbxG2jwCg6r3elaDfw==, figureFileBig=ZIdXXEe3xmLe9C7E/XR6Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467191508779705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Hull with X-tail layout T2, figureFileSmall=FoZghLJ2Ciy6q9SUIL+/uw==, figureFileBig=0f3gTeM1fpOdCa3L/dYfTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467191739466437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图6, caption=艇身与X形尾翼布局T2, figureFileSmall=FoZghLJ2Ciy6q9SUIL+/uw==, figureFileBig=0f3gTeM1fpOdCa3L/dYfTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467192037262038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Sensitivity analysis diagram of design parameters, figureFileSmall=AjPzPlsCLUFJKMW8BSuFtA==, figureFileBig=CpwlRJJ65ntAMZaTU5znNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467192276337386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=图7, caption=设计参数敏感性分析图, figureFileSmall=AjPzPlsCLUFJKMW8BSuFtA==, figureFileBig=CpwlRJJ65ntAMZaTU5znNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225467192477663991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Maximum lift-drag ratio of each hull layout

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身布局 最大升阻比 备注
中央升力体布局M4 1.69
辅助翼扁平式布局M5 6.23
扁平式布局M6 3.84
多艇体式布局M7 2.81
中央翼型式布局M8 3.53
边条增升布局M1T(1) 3.78 边条宽4.7 m、长62 m
边条增升布局M1T(2) 4.40 边条宽4.7 m、艇长88 m
边条增升布局M8T(1) 4.71 边条宽4 m、长80 m
边条增升布局M8T(2) 4.36 边条宽2.5 m、长80 m
上下端板布局M9T(1) 5.44
上下端板布局M9T(2) 4.74
), ArticleFig(id=1225467192842568456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各艇身布局最大升阻比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身布局 最大升阻比 备注
中央升力体布局M4 1.69
辅助翼扁平式布局M5 6.23
扁平式布局M6 3.84
多艇体式布局M7 2.81
中央翼型式布局M8 3.53
边条增升布局M1T(1) 3.78 边条宽4.7 m、长62 m
边条增升布局M1T(2) 4.40 边条宽4.7 m、艇长88 m
边条增升布局M8T(1) 4.71 边条宽4 m、长80 m
边条增升布局M8T(2) 4.36 边条宽2.5 m、长80 m
上下端板布局M9T(1) 5.44
上下端板布局M9T(2) 4.74
), ArticleFig(id=1225467193043895062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Maximum lift-drag ratio for each tail layout

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼布局 最大升阻比 备注
M11-1(双T形) 3.27 平尾总面积620 m2,垂尾总面积240 m2,平尾宽度53 m,垂尾高度15.18 m
M11-2(V形1) 4.99 尾翼总面积620 m2,安装角23°
M11-2(V形2) 4.89 尾翼总面积450 m2,安装角23°
M11-2(V形3) 3.55 尾翼总面积820 m2,安装角45°
M11-2(V形4) 3.91 尾翼总面积820 m2,安装角30°
M11-3(X形1) 6.95 上部尾翼面积320 m2,下部尾翼面积300 m2,安装角30°
M11-3(X形2) 6.01 上部尾翼面积290 m2,下部尾翼面积270 m2,安装角30°
M11-3(X形3) 5.34 上部尾翼面积260 m2,下部尾翼面积240 m2,安装角30°
), ArticleFig(id=1225467193299747612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各含尾翼布局最大升阻比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼布局 最大升阻比 备注
M11-1(双T形) 3.27 平尾总面积620 m2,垂尾总面积240 m2,平尾宽度53 m,垂尾高度15.18 m
M11-2(V形1) 4.99 尾翼总面积620 m2,安装角23°
M11-2(V形2) 4.89 尾翼总面积450 m2,安装角23°
M11-2(V形3) 3.55 尾翼总面积820 m2,安装角45°
M11-2(V形4) 3.91 尾翼总面积820 m2,安装角30°
M11-3(X形1) 6.95 上部尾翼面积320 m2,下部尾翼面积300 m2,安装角30°
M11-3(X形2) 6.01 上部尾翼面积290 m2,下部尾翼面积270 m2,安装角30°
M11-3(X形3) 5.34 上部尾翼面积260 m2,下部尾翼面积240 m2,安装角30°
), ArticleFig(id=1225467193580765999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

T1 layout series aerodynamic calculation results (absolute value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度/m CL CD CM L/D
59 0.132 0.036 9 -0.074 3.58
62 0.139 0.033 1 -0.074 4.21
65 0.144 0.036 8 -0.075 3.91
68 0.149 0.033 1 -0.075 4.50
71 0.155 0.033 4 -0.076 4.63
), ArticleFig(id=1225467193756926778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

T1布局系列气动计算结果(绝对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度/m CL CD CM L/D
59 0.132 0.036 9 -0.074 3.58
62 0.139 0.033 1 -0.074 4.21
65 0.144 0.036 8 -0.075 3.91
68 0.149 0.033 1 -0.075 4.50
71 0.155 0.033 4 -0.076 4.63
), ArticleFig(id=1225467194025362256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

T1 layout series aerodynamic calculation results (relative value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-9.23 -8.33 0.27 -1.34 -8.44
-4.62 -3.47 -10.05 -0.80 7.67
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.62 3.47 -10.05 0.27 15.09
9.23 7.64 -9.24 1.34 18.41
), ArticleFig(id=1225467194247660386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

T1布局系列气动计算结果(相对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-9.23 -8.33 0.27 -1.34 -8.44
-4.62 -3.47 -10.05 -0.80 7.67
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.62 3.47 -10.05 0.27 15.09
9.23 7.64 -9.24 1.34 18.41
), ArticleFig(id=1225467194562233203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

T1 layout series wind-tunnel testing results (absolute value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度/m CL CD CM L/D
59 0.135 0.037 9 -0.072 3.56
62 0.142 0.034 1 -0.072 4.16
65 0.148 0.038 1 -0.073 3.88
68 0.153 0.034 3 -0.073 4.46
71 0.159 0.034 6 -0.074 4.60
), ArticleFig(id=1225467195946353534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

T1布局系列风洞试验结果(绝对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度/m CL CD CM L/D
59 0.135 0.037 9 -0.072 3.56
62 0.142 0.034 1 -0.072 4.16
65 0.148 0.038 1 -0.073 3.88
68 0.153 0.034 3 -0.073 4.46
71 0.159 0.034 6 -0.074 4.60
), ArticleFig(id=1225467196047016842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

T1 layout series wind-tunnel testing results (relative value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-9.23 -8.78 -0.52 -1.39 -8.30
-4.62 -4.05 -10.50 -0.85 7.20
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.62 3.38 -9.97 0.32 14.83
9.23 7.43 -9.19 1.38 18.30
), ArticleFig(id=1225467196193817494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

T1布局系列风洞试验结果(相对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
艇身宽度
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-9.23 -8.78 -0.52 -1.39 -8.30
-4.62 -4.05 -10.50 -0.85 7.20
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.62 3.38 -9.97 0.32 14.83
9.23 7.43 -9.19 1.38 18.30
), ArticleFig(id=1225467196407727020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

T2 layout series 1 aerodynamic calculation results (absolute value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身
后缘间距/m
CL CD CM L/D
1 0.206 0.034 3 -0.087 6.01
4 0.200 0.034 1 -0.084 5.86
7 0.196 0.033 9 -0.081 5.77
10 0.192 0.033 8 -0.079 5.68
13 0.188 0.033 6 -0.077 5.62
), ArticleFig(id=1225467196613247934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

T2布局系列1气动计算结果(绝对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身
后缘间距/m
CL CD CM L/D
1 0.206 0.034 3 -0.087 6.01
4 0.200 0.034 1 -0.084 5.86
7 0.196 0.033 9 -0.081 5.77
10 0.192 0.033 8 -0.079 5.68
13 0.188 0.033 6 -0.077 5.62
), ArticleFig(id=1225467196973958106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

T2 layout series 1 aerodynamic calculation results (relative value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身后缘
间距相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-85.71 5.10 1.18 6.89 4.16
-42.86 2.04 0.59 3.57 1.56
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
42.86 -2.04 -0.30 -2.58 -1.56
85.71 -4.08 -0.89 -5.90 -2.60
), ArticleFig(id=1225467197133341663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

T2布局系列1气动计算结果(相对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身后缘
间距相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-85.71 5.10 1.18 6.89 4.16
-42.86 2.04 0.59 3.57 1.56
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
42.86 -2.04 -0.30 -2.58 -1.56
85.71 -4.08 -0.89 -5.90 -2.60
), ArticleFig(id=1225467197431137266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

T2 layout series 1 wind-tunnel testing results (absolute value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身
后缘间距/m
CL CD CM L/D
1 0.208 0.035 3 -0.085 5.89
4 0.203 0.035 2 -0.082 5.77
7 0.194 0.034 9 -0.079 5.56
10 0.189 0.034 8 -0.077 5.43
13 0.185 0.034 5 -0.075 5.36
), ArticleFig(id=1225467197686988803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

T2布局系列1风洞试验结果(绝对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身
后缘间距/m
CL CD CM L/D
1 0.208 0.035 3 -0.085 5.89
4 0.203 0.035 2 -0.082 5.77
7 0.194 0.034 9 -0.079 5.56
10 0.189 0.034 8 -0.077 5.43
13 0.185 0.034 5 -0.075 5.36
), ArticleFig(id=1225467197846372366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

T2 layout series 1 wind-tunnel testing results (relative value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身后
缘间距相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-85.71 7.22 1.15 7.59 6.00
-42.86 4.64 0.86 3.80 3.75
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
42.86 -2.58 -0.29 -2.53 -2.30
85.71 -4.64 -1.15 -5.06 -3.53
), ArticleFig(id=1225467198005755932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

T2布局系列1风洞试验结果(相对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
尾翼与艇身后
缘间距相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-85.71 7.22 1.15 7.59 6.00
-42.86 4.64 0.86 3.80 3.75
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
42.86 -2.58 -0.29 -2.53 -2.30
85.71 -4.64 -1.15 -5.06 -3.53
), ArticleFig(id=1225467198211276846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 11, caption=

T2 layout series 2 aerodynamic calculation results (absolute value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角/(°) CL CD CM L/D
25 0.194 0.0332 -0.081 5.83
30 0.197 0.0330 -0.083 5.97
35 0.206 0.0343 -0.087 6.01
40 0.188 0.0331 -0.080 5.66
45 0.178 0.0350 -0.076 5.08
), ArticleFig(id=1225467198387437626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表11, caption=

T2布局系列2气动计算结果(绝对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角/(°) CL CD CM L/D
25 0.194 0.0332 -0.081 5.83
30 0.197 0.0330 -0.083 5.97
35 0.206 0.0343 -0.087 6.01
40 0.188 0.0331 -0.080 5.66
45 0.178 0.0350 -0.076 5.08
), ArticleFig(id=1225467198630707284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 12, caption=

T2 layout series 2 aerodynamic calculation results (relative value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-28.57 -5.83 -3.21 -6.56 -3.00
-14.29 -4.37 -3.79 -5.06 -0.67
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
14.29 -8.74 -3.50 -8.06 -5.824
28.57 -13.59 2.04 -12.67 -15.47
), ArticleFig(id=1225467198844616805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表12, caption=

T2布局系列2气动计算结果(相对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-28.57 -5.83 -3.21 -6.56 -3.00
-14.29 -4.37 -3.79 -5.06 -0.67
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
14.29 -8.74 -3.50 -8.06 -5.824
28.57 -13.59 2.04 -12.67 -15.47
), ArticleFig(id=1225467199217909878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 13, caption=

T2 layout series 2 wind-tunnel testing results absolute value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角/(°) CL CD CM L/D
25 0.196 0.034 2 -0.079 5.73
30 0.199 0.034 1 -0.081 5.84
35 0.209 0.035 2 -0.085 5.94
40 0.191 0.034 2 -0.079 5.58
45 0.181 0.036 1 -0.074 5.01
), ArticleFig(id=1225467200434258055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表13, caption=

T2布局系列2风洞试验结果(绝对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角/(°) CL CD CM L/D
25 0.196 0.034 2 -0.079 5.73
30 0.199 0.034 1 -0.081 5.84
35 0.209 0.035 2 -0.085 5.94
40 0.191 0.034 2 -0.079 5.58
45 0.181 0.036 1 -0.074 5.01
), ArticleFig(id=1225467200794968214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 14, caption=

T2 layout series 2 wind-tunnel testing results (relative value)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-28.57 -6.22 -2.84 -7.06 -3.52
-14.29 -4.78 -3.13 -4.71 -1.75
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04
14.29 -8.61 -2.84 -7.06 -5.98
28.57 -13.40 2.56 -12.94 -15.59
), ArticleFig(id=1225467200979517604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表14, caption=

T2布局系列2风洞试验结果(相对值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
倾斜角
相对值/%
变化率/%
CL CD CM L/D
-28.57 -6.22 -2.84 -7.06 -3.52
-14.29 -4.78 -3.13 -4.71 -1.75
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04
14.29 -8.61 -2.84 -7.06 -5.98
28.57 -13.40 2.56 -12.94 -15.59
), ArticleFig(id=1225467201252147381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=EN, label=Table 15, caption=

Influence of design parameters on aerodynamic characteristics

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气动特性参数 相对敏感系数/%
CL CD CM L/D
艇身宽度 83.74 139.45 13.50 202.96
艇尾翼纵向位置 5.12 1.15 7.35 3.81
尾翼倾斜角 39.95 17.38 39.81 27.55
), ArticleFig(id=1225467201453473989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156983787952365798, language=CN, label=表15, caption=

设计参数对气动特性参数影响

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气动特性参数 相对敏感系数/%
CL CD CM L/D
艇身宽度 83.74 139.45 13.50 202.96
艇尾翼纵向位置 5.12 1.15 7.35 3.81
尾翼倾斜角 39.95 17.38 39.81 27.55
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浮升一体化飞艇布局及设计参数敏感性
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张华 1 , 黄龙太 1 , 张航 1 , 杨旭东 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·航空、航天 2025,25(5): 2161-2167
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·航空、航天 2025, 25(5): 2161-2167
浮升一体化飞艇布局及设计参数敏感性
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张华1 , 黄龙太1, 张航1, 杨旭东2
作者信息
  • 1 中国特种飞行器研究所, 荆门 448035
  • 2 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072
  • 张华(1984—),男,苗族,湖南永顺人,高级工程师。研究方向:飞行器总体设计。E-mail:

Layout of Buoyancy-lifting Airship and Design Parameters Sensitivity
Hua ZHANG1 , Long-tai HUANG1, Hang ZHANG1, Xu-dong YANG2
Affiliations
  • 1 China Special Vehicle Research Institute, Jingmen 448035, China
  • 2 School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
出版时间: 2025-02-18 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402404
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随着全球贸易的发展,浮升一体化混合飞艇是全球远距离、大载重运输平台的重要选择,逐渐成为国内外研究热点。为了提高浮升一体化飞艇的运输效率,对其布局及参数敏感性进行了研究。针对艇身布局和尾翼布局进行了探讨,提出了几种高升阻比布局的艇身和尾翼型式。同时,进行了设计参数对气动特性影响的敏感性分析,结果表明,艇身宽度对飞艇升力系数、阻力系数和最大升阻比的影响最为明显,其相对敏感性系数为尾翼纵向位置和倾斜角的近十倍;尾翼倾斜角对飞艇力矩系数的影响最大,其相对敏感性系数为艇身宽度的两倍多。

浮升一体化  /  布局  /  设计参数  /  敏感性

With the development of global trade, buoyancy-lifting hybrid airship is an important choice for global long-distance and large-load transportation, it has gradually become a research hotspot at home and abroad. In order to improve the transportation efficiency of buoyancy-lifting hybrid airship, its layout and parameter sensitivity were studied. Discussions were conducted on the hull layout and tail wing layout, and several types of hull and tail wing layouts with high lift to drag ratios were proposed. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the impact of design parameters on aerodynamic characteristics. The results indicate that the width of the hull has the most significant impact on the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and maximum lift to drag ratio of airships. Its relative sensitivity coefficient is nearly ten times that of the longitudinal position and inclination angle of the tail wing. The inclination angle of the tail wing has the strongest impact on the torque coefficient of the airship, and its relative sensitivity coefficient is more than twice the width of the hull.

buoyancy-lifting  /  layout  /  design parameters  /  sensitivity
张华, 黄龙太, 张航, 杨旭东. 浮升一体化飞艇布局及设计参数敏感性. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (5) : 2161 -2167 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402404
Hua ZHANG, Long-tai HUANG, Hang ZHANG, Xu-dong YANG. Layout of Buoyancy-lifting Airship and Design Parameters Sensitivity[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (5) : 2161 -2167 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402404
飞艇是一种依靠在气囊中充入工质气体提供静浮力,依靠发动机和螺旋桨提供推力的飞行器[1]。传统纯静浮力飞艇具有载重量大、运营成本低、滞空时间长等优点,但同时也具有飞行速度低、可控性差、保障系统复杂等先天不足。浮升一体化飞艇通过将一个或多个组合艇身设计成升力体外形,将传统静浮力飞艇与其他动升力飞行器优点结合在一起。此外,这种飞艇的囊体结构能够有效减小截面曲率,增加等效截面半径。浮升混合飞艇具有载荷能力强、续航时间长、操控简单可靠、对地面基础设施依赖小等突出优点,有着重要的科学研究和工程实用价值[2-3]。近年来,随着全球贸易的增长,全球货运市场日益扩大,由于浮升一体化混合飞艇具有一定的速度和成本优势,逐步成为国际远距离货物运输的研究热点[4]。国外关于浮升混合飞艇有很多在研型号。如英国先进技术集团的Skycat[5],美国洛克希德·马丁公司的P-791已完成试飞[6]。中国关于浮升一体化飞艇有少量研究[7-11],其他多数集中在概念方案可行性的讨论上[12]
与常规飞艇相比,浮升一体化布局飞艇在气动外形、部件布置、升空回收方式、使用模式等方面都有很大的不同,特别是飞艇的囊体外形更为复杂,需要兼顾气动升阻特性、形状保持能力和成型工艺性[13]。浮升一体化飞艇布局包含艇身、内置氦气囊、尾翼、推进系统等方面的布局。由于氦气囊位于飞艇内部,不影响飞艇气动性能;而推进系统布局与飞艇使用模式、动力类型、能源系统等密切相关。目前,国内对于浮升一体化飞艇艇身布局和尾翼布局的研究仅停留在数值计算层面,且研究不具备系统性,仅仅从在艇身两侧增加端板或增加尾翼面积方面进行简单的数值计算。现对飞艇艇身布局和尾翼布局进行数值计算和风洞试验两方面的分析,同时,较系统地对多种参数的敏感性进行对比分析,以期对实际工程有较大指导意义。
在控制艇身体积、表面积、长、宽、高等外形关键参数基本一致的前提下,选用气动性能较为优良的NACA4428翼型作为艇身纵向剖面轮廓控制线,再通过调整每组翼型的控制点改变其上下表面外形,得到M1艇身系列4种类型,如图1所示。
计算结果如图2所示,结果表明,M1艇身系列的气动特性相当接近,其中M1-3的升阻特性最优,在迎角α为10°时最大升阻比L/D为2.37[14]
同时,将艇身纵向剖面轮廓控制线更换为NACA4430、NACA6430翼型,进行设计与计算。结果表明,这12种艇身外形的气动特性较为接近,均未超过2.5。所以,在艇身外形构造方式不变,且长、宽、高不发生大的变化的前提下下,外形的小幅度调整对气动性能的影响很小。
在保持体积(参考面积)基本不变的前提下,优化设计了11种外形差异较大的艇身布局,如图3所示。其气动特性计算结果如表1所示。
结果表明,在布局相似,艇身体积、参考长度基本一致的前提下,艇身的宽度和厚度对最大升阻比有显著影响。辅助翼扁平式艇身布局M5升阻比最高,但宽度太大,达120 m,与原始模型尺寸差异过大;边条对于艇身模型具有较好的增升作用,且边条的长度和宽度越大,增升效果越显著,但边条增升艇身布局也面临宽度过大的问题。综合了中央升力体布局,扁平式布局、中央翼型式布局三者优点的端板式中央翼型艇身布局,以较小的宽度实现了较高的升阻比,最为符合设计要求。
在控制整体几何尺寸的前提下,放大尾翼面积,同时调整尾翼的外形、尺寸、角度等参数,匹配不同尺寸的艇身方案,设计了1种双T形尾翼飞艇方案,4种V形尾翼飞艇方案,3种X形尾翼飞艇方案,如图4所示,气动特性计算结果如表2所示。
结果表明,尾翼对飞艇最大升阻比的影响与尾翼的有效水平投影面积(即艇身水平投影之外的尾翼投影面积)有关,尾翼的有效水平投影面积越大,飞艇最大升阻比越大;反之越小。同时,相较于双T形尾翼和V形尾翼,X形尾翼更便于在飞艇整体尺寸受限的条件下增加有效水平投影面积,从而有效提高最大升阻比。综合考虑,X形尾翼布局方案是一种较合适的选择。
设计参数敏感性分析通过气动特性计算和风洞试验结果两方面的数据对比,其中,风洞试验在南京航空航天大学空气动力研究所低速风洞中进行。
艇身布局T1如图5所示,在保证艇身体积和长度不变的前提下,选取艇身宽度65 m为设计基准。以3 m为间隔调整艇身最大宽度,获得最大宽度分别为59、62、68、71 m的4组艇身构型。气动特性计算和风洞试验结果如表3~表6所示。
艇身与X形尾翼布局T2如图6所示,在保证艇身外形、尾翼参数和尾翼上反角35°不变的前提下,选取尾翼翼根后缘与艇身后缘距离1m为设计基准。以3 m为间隔调整尾翼翼根后缘与艇身后缘的距离,获得间距分别为4、7、10、13 m的4组飞艇构型。气动特性计算和风洞试验结果如表7~表10所示。
艇身与X形尾翼布局T2如图6所示,在保证艇身外形、尾翼参数和尾翼翼根后缘与艇身后缘距离为1 m不变的前提下,选取尾翼上反角35°为设计基准。获得上反角分别为25°、30°、40°、45°的4组飞艇构型。气动特性计算和风洞试验结果如表11~表14所示。
定义相对敏感性系数σ,用以表示飞艇气动特性参数相对于飞艇外形参数的敏感程度,公式为
σ=$\sqrt{\frac{\sum _{i=1}^{n}{\left(\frac{\Delta \tau /\tau }{\Delta \gamma /\gamma }\right)}^{2}}{n}}$
式(1)中:τ为飞艇气动特性参数;γ为飞艇外形参数;Δτ/τ为飞艇气动特性参数变化率;Δγ/γ为飞艇外形参数变化率。
σ越大,表明飞艇气动特性参数τ相对于飞艇外形参数γ越敏感;反之,则越不敏感。由于气动计算结果和风洞试验结果相差不大,进行敏感性分析时,任选一项结果均不会产生不利影响。由气动计算结果可见,艇身宽度对飞艇升力系数和阻力系数的影响最为明显,其相对敏感性系数远大于尾翼纵向位置和倾斜角。即艇身宽度、尾翼纵向位置、尾翼倾斜角三者变化相同的百分比,升阻力系数受到艇身宽度影响的变化率最大。故而艇身宽度对最大升阻比的影响也最为明显,其相对敏感性系数是其余两者的近十倍。同时尾翼倾斜角对飞艇力矩系数的影响最强,其相对敏感性系数为艇身宽度的两倍多。飞艇气动特性参数相对艇身宽度、尾翼纵向位置、尾翼倾斜角三者的敏感性分析如表15图7所示。
(1)在艇身体积和长度不变的前提下,艇身升力系数随艇身宽度增加线性上升,而艇身阻力系数则随着艇身宽度的增加上下波动,原因是在体积不变的前提下,艇身表面积(浸湿面积)随宽度增加而增大,使得摩擦阻力上升;同时艇身厚度随着宽度增加而减小,使得升致阻力下降,两方面因素共同作用,使得艇身阻力系数处于波动状态。而力矩系数则随着艇身宽度的增加下降,升阻比虽受阻力系数的影响略有波动,但总体上仍随艇身宽度增加上升。
(2)在艇身外形、尾翼参数和尾翼上反角不变的前提下,飞艇升力系数随尾翼翼根后缘与艇身后缘间距的增大而下降,艇身阻力系数也随着间距增加小幅降低,力矩系数则随着间距增加而上升,升阻比随间距增加而下降。
(3)在艇身外形、尾翼参数和尾翼翼根后缘与艇身后缘距离不变的前提下,飞艇升力系数随倾斜角增大而先上升后下降,艇身阻力系数随倾斜角增大而小幅波动,力矩系数则随倾斜角增大先下降后上升,升阻比则主要受到升力系数变化的影响,随着倾斜角增大先上升后下降。
(4)通过对艇身宽度、尾翼纵向位置、尾翼倾斜角三者的参数敏感性研究,发现艇身宽度对飞艇升力系数和阻力系数的影响最为明显,其相对敏感性系数远大于尾翼纵向位置和倾斜角。故而艇身宽度对最大升阻比的影响也最为明显,其相对敏感性系数是其余两者的近十倍。同时尾翼倾斜角对飞艇力矩系数的影响最强,其相对敏感性系数为艇身宽度的两倍多。
  • 民机科研项目(MZ-2016-F-10)
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2025年第25卷第5期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402404
  • 接收时间:2024-04-03
  • 首发时间:2025-07-29
  • 出版时间:2025-02-18
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-03
  • 修回日期:2024-11-18
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民机科研项目(MZ-2016-F-10)
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    1 中国特种飞行器研究所, 荆门 448035
    2 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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