Article(id=1156963929005056874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156963927277003616, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715184000000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-09, revisedDate=1727625600000, revisedDateStr=2024-09-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753771296025, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1742227200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-18, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753771296025, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753771296025, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753771296025, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156963927277003616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='8', pageStart='3079', pageEnd='3528', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753771295613, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753777038876, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1156988016305726153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156963927277003616, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1156988016305726154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156963927277003616, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3102, endPage=3109, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156963929604842349, articleId=1156963929005056874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Geothermal Heating Mode of “Multi-well Coordination System" : A Case Study of Typical Geothermal Distribution Area in Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, columnId=1156963929537733484, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Astronomy and Geosciences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

As a widely distributed and abundant clean energy source, geothermal energy may lead to inefficient resource utilization and a series of ecological environmental issues when improperly developed. The typical geothermal distribution area in Linqing, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province was selects as the research object. Based on detailed geothermal geological survey data, the construction of a "multi-well coordination system" geothermal heating model was explored and the feasibility analysis with operational benefit was conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed coordinated multi-well geothermal heating mode can reduce geothermal resource extraction by 41.46% while maintaining equivalent heating coverage and quality standards, significantly enhancing maximum utilization efficiency of geothermal resources. The system simultaneously achieves geothermal tailwater reinjection with favorable economic returns. The static investment payback period approximates 3 years, and the total revenue over 20 heating seasons reaches 25.742 million yuan. Through zoning division implementation in key operational areas, this model effectively addresses challenges including dense well distribution, uneven development patterns, and difficulties in reinjection well construction. The findings provide technical references and application demonstrations for geothermal heating development in other regions.

, correspAuthors=Chao JIA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Dong-yi LIU, Zhen-hua ZHAO, Chao JIA, Xiao DONG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156963967831729048, articleId=1156963929005056874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=“群并联动”的地热供暖模式:以山东省聊城临清典型地热分布区域为例, columnId=1154013912887448417, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=天文学、地球科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

地热能作为一种分布广泛、储量丰富的清洁能源,不合理的开发利用会导致资源利用效率低下及一系列生态环境问题。选取山东省聊城临清典型地热分布区域,基于详细地热地质调查资料,探索构建基于“群并联动”的地热供暖模式,开展可行性及运行效益分析。结果表明:在保证相同供暖面积及供暖质量的基础上,构建的“群并联动”地热供暖模式可减少41.46%的地热资源开采量,大幅提高了地热资源最大利用效率,同时实现地热尾水回灌;静态投资回收期约为3年,运行20个供暖季总收益为2574.2万元,经济效益较好;采用该模式对重点工作区进行区块划分,有助于解决地热井密集、开发不均衡及无法施工回灌井等问题,可为其他地区的地热能供暖提供技术参考和应用示范。

, correspAuthors=贾超, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*贾超(1976—),男,汉族,江苏徐州人,博士,教授。研究方向:水工环地质及海洋地质。E-mail: jiachao@sdu.edu.cn。
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=LXwd3LLZEYOkEjAeizpf1A==, magXml=NMLpHGp5YVbg8IkMPcTvyA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=q3bOFsUEJYn2EDBF7weAsQ==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Zc+trCNEoK1nUfXBvPTzMg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘东义(1986—),男,汉族,河北衡水人,高级工程师。研究方向:地质调查与矿产勘查。

, authorsList=刘东义, 赵振华, 贾超, 董啸)}, authors=[Author(id=1156986742801784919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=liudongyi801@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1156986742864699483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986742801784919, language=EN, stringName=Dong-yi LIU, firstName=Dong-yi, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=3 Institute of Marine Geology and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1156986742927614045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986742801784919, language=CN, stringName=刘东义, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237, bio={"content":"

刘东义(1986—),男,汉族,河北衡水人,高级工程师。研究方向:地质调查与矿产勘查。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

刘东义(1986—),男,汉族,河北衡水人,高级工程师。研究方向:地质调查与矿产勘查。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1156986742722093138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742726287443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742722093138, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Institute of Marine Geology and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742730481748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742722093138, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237)])]), Author(id=1156986743024083040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1156986743082803299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986743024083040, language=EN, stringName=Zhen-hua ZHAO, firstName=Zhen-hua, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=3 Institute of Marine Geology and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1156986743166689381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986743024083040, language=CN, stringName=赵振华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1156986742722093138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742726287443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742722093138, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Institute of Marine Geology and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742730481748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742722093138, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237)])]), Author(id=1156986743229603945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jiachao@sdu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1156986743288324203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986743229603945, language=EN, stringName=Chao JIA, firstName=Chao, middleName=null, lastName=JIA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1156986743342850156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986743229603945, language=CN, stringName=贾超, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1156986743401570413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1156986745339338900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986743401570413, language=EN, stringName=Xiao DONG, firstName=Xiao, middleName=null, lastName=DONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1156986745431613590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, authorId=1156986743401570413, language=CN, stringName=董啸, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, 3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)], keywords=[Keyword(id=1156986746656350383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=geothermal exploitation), Keyword(id=1156986746757013682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=multi-well coordination system), Keyword(id=1156986746803151029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=heating mode), Keyword(id=1156986746861871288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=operational benefits), Keyword(id=1156986746924785851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=地热开采), Keyword(id=1156986746987700414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=群并联动), Keyword(id=1156986747084169409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=供暖模式), Keyword(id=1156986747176444099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=运行效益)], refs=[Reference(id=1156986756080951591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=3, pageStart=1011, pageEnd=1015, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=许博越, 王磊, 胡志强, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许博越, 王磊, 胡志强, 等. 基于热电效应的地热资源发电技术[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022. 22(3): 1011-1015., articleTitle=基于热电效应的地热资源发电技术, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756139671848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=3, pageStart=1011, pageEnd=1015, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Xu Boyue, Wang Lei, Hu Zhiqiang, journalName=Science Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Boyue, Wang Lei, Hu Zhiqiang, et al. Geothermal power generation technology based on thermoelectric effect[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022. 22(3): 1011-1015., articleTitle=Geothermal power generation technology based on thermoelectric effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756215169321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=117, issue=null, pageStart=102883, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Wang P, Wang S, Wang G, journalName=Geothermics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang P, Wang S, Wang G, et al. Exploitation technology and productivity analysis of hydrothermal geothermal multi-branch wells[J]. Geothermics, 2024. 117. 102883., articleTitle=Exploitation technology and productivity analysis of hydrothermal geothermal multi-branch wells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756273889578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=27, issue=1, pageStart=53, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=赵旭, 杨艳, 刘雨虹, journalName=世界石油工业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵旭, 杨艳, 刘雨虹, 等. 全球地热产业现状与技术发展趋势[J]. 世界石油工业, 2020. 27(1): 53-57., articleTitle=全球地热产业现状与技术发展趋势, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756328415531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=27, issue=1, pageStart=53, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Zhao Xu, Yang Yan, Liu Yuhong, journalName=World Petroleum Industry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Xu, Yang Yan, Liu Yuhong, et al. Development trend and outlook of geothermal industry in the world[J]. World Petroleum Industry, 2020. 27(1): 53-57., articleTitle=Development trend and outlook of geothermal industry in the world, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756378747180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=37, issue=4, pageStart=56, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=白志鸿, 陈秋桥, journalName=中国资源综合利用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=白志鸿, 陈秋桥. 地热资源综合开发利用的研讨[J]. 中国资源综合利用, 2019. 37(4): 56-58., articleTitle=地热资源综合开发利用的研讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756437467437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=37, issue=4, pageStart=56, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Bai Zhihong, Chen Qiuqiao, journalName=China Resources Comprehensive Utilization, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bai Zhihong, Chen Qiuqiao. Discussion on comprehensive development and utilization of geothermal resources[J]. China Resources Comprehensive Utilization, 2019. 37(4): 56-58., articleTitle=Discussion on comprehensive development and utilization of geothermal resources, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756487799086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=36, issue=10, pageStart=7, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=赵芳华, journalName=节能, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵芳华. 衡水市地热资源开发利用模式探讨[J]. 节能, 2017. 36(10): 7-9., articleTitle=衡水市地热资源开发利用模式探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756554907951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=36, issue=10, pageStart=7, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Zhao Fanghua, journalName=Energy Conservation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Fanghua. Discussion on development and utilization model of geothermal resources in Hengshui[J]. Energy Conservation, 2017. 36(10): 7-9., articleTitle=Discussion on development and utilization model of geothermal resources in Hengshui, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756601045296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=3, pageStart=775, pageEnd=786, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Dong Y, Huang H, Ren L, journalName=Petroleum Exploration and Development, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dong Y, Huang H, Ren L, et al. Geology and development of geothermal field in Neogene Guantao Formation in northern Bohai Bay Basin: a case of the Caofeidian geothermal heating project in Tangshan, China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021. 48(3): 775-786., articleTitle=Geology and development of geothermal field in Neogene Guantao Formation in northern Bohai Bay Basin: a case of the Caofeidian geothermal heating project in Tangshan, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756655571249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=40, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=10.1177/01445987211043578, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Xu T, Zhao Y A, Zhao J, journalName=Energy Exploration & Exploitation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu T, Zhao Y A, Zhao J, et al. Heat extraction performance and optimization for a doublet-well geothermal system in Dezhou, China[J]. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 2022. 40(2):, articleTitle=Heat extraction performance and optimization for a doublet-well geothermal system in Dezhou, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756701708594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=30, issue=8, pageStart=34, pageEnd=37, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=尹秀贞, 胡松涛, 潘春光, journalName=山东国土资源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=尹秀贞, 胡松涛, 潘春光, 等. 济南市孔隙裂隙地热田热储特征及开发利用模式探讨[J]. 山东国土资源, 2014. 30(8): 34-37., articleTitle=济南市孔隙裂隙地热田热储特征及开发利用模式探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756764623155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=30, issue=8, pageStart=34, pageEnd=37, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Yin Xiuzhen, Hu Songtao, Pan Chunguang, journalName=Shandong Land and Resources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yin Xiuzhen, Hu Songtao, Pan Chunguang, et al. Discussion on characteristics and exploitation and utilization model of pore-crack geothermal fields in Jinan City[J]. Shandong Land and Resources, 2014. 30(8): 34-37., articleTitle=Discussion on characteristics and exploitation and utilization model of pore-crack geothermal fields in Jinan City, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756810760500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=201, issue=null, pageStart=117808, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Zhang J, Zhao M, Wang G, journalName=Applied Thermal Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang J, Zhao M, Wang G, et al. Evaluation of heat extraction performance of multi-well injection enhanced geothermal system[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022. 201. 117808., articleTitle=Evaluation of heat extraction performance of multi-well injection enhanced geothermal system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756865286453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=105, issue=null, pageStart=71, pageEnd=102, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Liu Y, Long X, Liu F, journalName=Geothermics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Y, Long X, Liu F. Tracer test and design optimization of doublet system of carbonate geothermal reservoirs[J]. Geothermics, 2022. 105. 71-102., articleTitle=Tracer test and design optimization of doublet system of carbonate geothermal reservoirs, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756919812406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=171, issue=null, pageStart=631, pageEnd=653, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Liu GH, Pu H, Zhao Z, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu GH, Pu H, Zhao Z, et al. Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling on well pairs in heterogeneous porous geothermal reservoirs[J]. Energy, 2019. 171. 631-653., articleTitle=Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling on well pairs in heterogeneous porous geothermal reservoirs, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986756986921271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=40, issue=5, pageStart=133, pageEnd=139, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=16, authorNames=马致远, 侯晨, 席临平, journalName=水文地质工程地质, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马致远, 侯晨, 席临平, 等. 超深层孔隙型热储地热尾水回灌堵塞机理[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2013. 40(5): 133-139., articleTitle=超深层孔隙型热储地热尾水回灌堵塞机理, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757028864312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=40, issue=5, pageStart=133, pageEnd=139, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Ma Zhiyuan, Hou Chen, Xi Linping, journalName=Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma Zhiyuan, Hou Chen, Xi Linping, et al. Reinjection clogging mechanism of used geothermal water in a super-deep-porous reservoir[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2013. 40(5): 133-139., articleTitle=Reinjection clogging mechanism of used geothermal water in a super-deep-porous reservoir, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757075001657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=93, issue=S1, pageStart=149, pageEnd=157, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=18, authorNames=刘志涛, 刘帅, 宋伟华, journalName=地质学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘志涛, 刘帅, 宋伟华, 等. 鲁北地区砂岩热储地热尾水回灌地温场变化特征分析[J]. 地质学报, 2019. 93(S1): 149-157., articleTitle=鲁北地区砂岩热储地热尾水回灌地温场变化特征分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757133721914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=93, issue=S1, pageStart=149, pageEnd=157, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Liu Zhitao, Liu Shuai, Song Weihua, journalName=Acta Geologica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Zhitao, Liu Shuai, Song Weihua, et al. Change characteristics of geothermal field for geothermal return water reinjection of sandstone reservoir in the northern Shangdong[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019. 93(S1): 149-157., articleTitle=Change characteristics of geothermal field for geothermal return water reinjection of sandstone reservoir in the northern Shangdong, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757179859259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=95, issue=6, pageStart=1984, pageEnd=1994, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=20, authorNames=殷肖肖, 沈健, 赵艳婷, journalName=地质学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=殷肖肖, 沈健, 赵艳婷, 等. 集中采灌条件下碳酸盐岩热储群井示踪试验[J]. 地质学报, 2021. 95(6): 1984-1994., articleTitle=集中采灌条件下碳酸盐岩热储群井示踪试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757225996604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=95, issue=6, pageStart=1984, pageEnd=1994, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Yin Xiaoxiao, Shen Jian, Zhao Yanting, journalName=Acta Geologica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yin Xiaoxiao, Shen Jian, Zhao Yanting, et al. Study on tracer test of carbonate geothermal reservoir under centralized pumping and re-injection conditions[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2021. 95(6): 1984-1994., articleTitle=Study on tracer test of carbonate geothermal reservoir under centralized pumping and re-injection conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757276328253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=5, issue=5, pageStart=13, pageEnd=20, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=22, authorNames=韩颖, 白雪峰, 张欣, journalName=中国地质调查, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韩颖, 白雪峰, 张欣. 山西省地热资源及其开发利用模式探讨[J]. 中国地质调查, 2018. 5(5): 13-20., articleTitle=山西省地热资源及其开发利用模式探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757322465598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=5, issue=5, pageStart=13, pageEnd=20, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Han Ying, Bai Xuefeng, Zhang Xin, journalName=Geological Survey of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Han Ying, Bai Xuefeng, Zhang Xin. Discussion on geothermal resources and its exploitation and utilization model in Shanxi Province[J]. Geological Survey of China, 2018. 5(5): 13-20., articleTitle=Discussion on geothermal resources and its exploitation and utilization model in Shanxi Province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757372797247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=32, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=24, authorNames=赵方树, 刘占宁, journalName=资源与产业, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵方树, 刘占宁. 浅层地热资源开发利用模式探讨[J]. 资源与产业, 2016. 18(1): 32-36., articleTitle=浅层地热资源开发利用模式探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757431517504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=32, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Zhao Fangshu, Liu Zhanning, journalName=Resources & Industries, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Fangshu, Liu Zhanning. Discussion on development modes of shallow geothermal resources[J]. Resources & Industries, 2016. 18(1): 32-36., articleTitle=Discussion on development modes of shallow geothermal resources, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757494432065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=26, issue=8, pageStart=28, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=26, authorNames=李金鹿, 陈安国, journalName=中国国土资源经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李金鹿, 陈安国. 河北省地热开发利用模式分析[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 2013. 26(8): 28-31., articleTitle=河北省地热开发利用模式分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757540569410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=26, issue=8, pageStart=28, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Li Jinlu, Chen Anguo, journalName=Natural Resource Economics of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Jinlu, Chen Anguo. Analysis on geothermal in Hebei Province[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 2013. 26(8): 28-31., articleTitle=Analysis on geothermal in Hebei Province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757578318147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=58, pageEnd=59, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=28, authorNames=闫方平, 单秀华, 张红静, journalName=国土与自然资源研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=闫方平, 单秀华, 张红静, 等. 承德市地热资源利用现状及开发模式探讨[J]. 国土与自然资源研究, 2018. 5): 58-59., articleTitle=承德市地热资源利用现状及开发模式探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757624455492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=58, pageEnd=59, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Yan Fangping, Shan Xiuhua, Zhang Hongjing, journalName=Territory & Natural Resources Study, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan Fangping, Shan Xiuhua, Zhang Hongjing, et al. Study of current situation and development mode of geothermal resource utilization in Chengde[J]. Territory & Natural Resources Study, 2018. 5): 58-59., articleTitle=Study of current situation and development mode of geothermal resource utilization in Chengde, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757720924485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=4, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=30, authorNames=廖月芝, 龚宇烈, 刘国钦, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=廖月芝, 龚宇烈, 刘国钦. 广东省丰顺县地热资源利用现状及开发模式探讨[C]// 2011中国可持续发展论坛暨中国可持续发展研究会学术年会. 珠海: 中国可持续发展研究会, 2011. 4., articleTitle=广东省丰顺县地热资源利用现状及开发模式探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757767061830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=4, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Liao Yuezhi, Gong Yulie, Liu Guoqin, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liao Yuezhi, Gong Yulie, Liu Guoqin. Exploration of the current situation and development model of geothermal resources utilization in Fengshun County, Guangdong Province[C]// 2011 China Sustainable Development Forum and China Sustainable Development Research Association Academic Annual Meeting. Zhuhai: China Sustainable Development Research Association, 2011. 4., articleTitle=Exploration of the current situation and development model of geothermal resources utilization in Fengshun County, Guangdong Province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757821587783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=34, issue=3, pageStart=428, pageEnd=431, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=32, authorNames=薛宇泽, 陶鹏飞, 韩元红, journalName=资源环境与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=薛宇泽, 陶鹏飞, 韩元红. 渭河盆地中深层地热资源开发存在问题及改进措施[J]. 资源环境与工程, 2020. 34(3): 428-431., articleTitle=渭河盆地中深层地热资源开发存在问题及改进措施, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1156986757884502344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=34, issue=3, pageStart=428, pageEnd=431, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Xue Yuze, Tao Pengfei, Han Yuanhong, journalName=Resources Environment & Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xue Yuze, Tao Pengfei, Han Yuanhong. The problem and improvement measures of middle and deep geothermal resources development in Weihe Basin[J]. Resources Environment & Engineering, 2020. 34(3): 428-431., articleTitle=The problem and improvement measures of middle and deep geothermal resources development in Weihe Basin, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1156986755900596517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, awardId=42307272, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42307272), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1156986755950928166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, awardId=202131001, language=CN, fundingSource=济南市科技创新发展计划(社会民生专项)项目(202131001), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1156986742550126665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742566903883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742550126665, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources Jinan 250014 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742571098188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742550126665, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 山东大学 海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237)]), AuthorCompany(id=1156986742638207054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742642401359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742638207054, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742650789968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742638207054, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 山东大学海洋研究院 青岛 266237)]), AuthorCompany(id=1156986742722093138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742726287443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742722093138, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Institute of Marine Geology and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1156986742730481748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, companyId=1156986742722093138, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1156986754793300249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Geographical location map of the study area, figureFileSmall=gfamcYl8W718ecwxsZuZnQ==, figureFileBig=R99asYdTxT28XoHH2KEp6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986754843631898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究区地理位置图

审图号:鲁 SG(2022)002 号

, figureFileSmall=gfamcYl8W718ecwxsZuZnQ==, figureFileBig=R99asYdTxT28XoHH2KEp6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986754893963547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Distribution map of main geothermal wells in Linqing City, figureFileSmall=+q78Fk2DXi6wcqQb52jLWQ==, figureFileBig=JTdYBJZ2xKC84H/o0LkSOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986754944295196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, label=图2, caption=临清市主要地热井分布图, figureFileSmall=+q78Fk2DXi6wcqQb52jLWQ==, figureFileBig=JTdYBJZ2xKC84H/o0LkSOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986754998821149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Schematic diagram of relative positions of production and injection wells in exploration demonstration area, figureFileSmall=8P+2qVRdUkkbEBwqrC+dmA==, figureFileBig=MQnm/KSvKVJdpsPhAO4giQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986755107873054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, label=图3, caption=探索示范区采、灌井相对位置示意图, figureFileSmall=8P+2qVRdUkkbEBwqrC+dmA==, figureFileBig=MQnm/KSvKVJdpsPhAO4giQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986755158204703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Demonstration mode of multi-well linkage geothermal heating, figureFileSmall=6WUlvT8nthOOYj7z7zDi3A==, figureFileBig=f3OS+cmBsKhlS/gFZCwNgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986755221119264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, label=图4, caption=群井联动地热供暖示范模式图, figureFileSmall=6WUlvT8nthOOYj7z7zDi3A==, figureFileBig=f3OS+cmBsKhlS/gFZCwNgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986755321782561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Extension model of group well linkage geothermal heating demonstration, figureFileSmall=y8OuGvtv9kWzojezRZgzAQ==, figureFileBig=ywQz7wlpAgn68nR5n+6iJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986755376308514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, label=图5, caption=群井联动地热供暖示范扩展模式图, figureFileSmall=y8OuGvtv9kWzojezRZgzAQ==, figureFileBig=ywQz7wlpAgn68nR5n+6iJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1156986755426640163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Construction costs for reconstruction of group well linkage geothermal heating system, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
改造建设项目 所需设备名称 技术参数及规格 数量 费用/万元
供暖换热站改造建设 一级板式换热器 地热水 ${62}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}/{33}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,供暖侧 ${40}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}/{30}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, $\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区制热 量分别为 ${2500}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$${1400}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 2 套 24
二级(中间)板式换热器 地热水 33°C/15°C,中介水 15°C/7°C, A、B 小区制热 量 分别为 ${1500}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$${900}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 2 套 13
水源热泵机组 中介水 15 ℃/7 ℃、供暖侧 40 ℃/30 ℃、A、B 小区制热 量分别为 ${1500}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$${900}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 2 套 110
供暖循环泵 A 小区流量 ${150}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${48}\mathrm{\;m}$(二用一备), B 小区流 量 ${150}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${38}\mathrm{\;m}$(二用一备) 6 套 4
中介水循环泵 流量 ${100}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${12}\mathrm{\;m}$(二用一备) 6 套 3
补水定压装置 流量 ${15}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${65}\mathrm{\;m}$ 2 套 3
智能控制系统 含强电及弱电控制配电 2 套 6
回灌系统 粗过滤器 过滤精度 1 ~ 50μm,${100}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 2 套 4
细过滤器 过滤精度 $1 \sim {3\mu }\mathrm{m},{100}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 2 套 4
排气罐 - 2 套 2
井口装置 密封装置 1 套 3
管线铺设 开采井与回灌井之间的 DN125 回扬、回灌管道铺设 1 套 38
监测及辅助设备 水位、水量、水温监测仪、阀门、管件、法兰等 1 套 25
回灌井 定向回灌井施工、成井等 1 眼 170
合计 - - 409
), ArticleFig(id=1156986755493749028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156963929005056874, language=CN, label=表1, caption=群井联动地热供暖系统改造建设成本, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
改造建设项目 所需设备名称 技术参数及规格 数量 费用/万元
供暖换热站改造建设 一级板式换热器 地热水 ${62}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}/{33}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,供暖侧 ${40}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}/{30}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, $\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区制热 量分别为 ${2500}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$${1400}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 2 套 24
二级(中间)板式换热器 地热水 33°C/15°C,中介水 15°C/7°C, A、B 小区制热 量 分别为 ${1500}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$${900}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 2 套 13
水源热泵机组 中介水 15 ℃/7 ℃、供暖侧 40 ℃/30 ℃、A、B 小区制热 量分别为 ${1500}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$${900}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 2 套 110
供暖循环泵 A 小区流量 ${150}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${48}\mathrm{\;m}$(二用一备), B 小区流 量 ${150}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${38}\mathrm{\;m}$(二用一备) 6 套 4
中介水循环泵 流量 ${100}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${12}\mathrm{\;m}$(二用一备) 6 套 3
补水定压装置 流量 ${15}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、扬程 ${65}\mathrm{\;m}$ 2 套 3
智能控制系统 含强电及弱电控制配电 2 套 6
回灌系统 粗过滤器 过滤精度 1 ~ 50μm,${100}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 2 套 4
细过滤器 过滤精度 $1 \sim {3\mu }\mathrm{m},{100}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 2 套 4
排气罐 - 2 套 2
井口装置 密封装置 1 套 3
管线铺设 开采井与回灌井之间的 DN125 回扬、回灌管道铺设 1 套 38
监测及辅助设备 水位、水量、水温监测仪、阀门、管件、法兰等 1 套 25
回灌井 定向回灌井施工、成井等 1 眼 170
合计 - - 409
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146119176004939786, delFlag=0, nameCn=科学技术与工程, nameEn=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-1815, eissn=, cn=11-4688/T, coden=null, periodic=4, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Eng, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1754445529766, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, picEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1159791870395564357, language=CN, name=科学技术与工程, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529793, updatedTime=1754445529793, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/site/menus/20090429150146001, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1159791870441701702, language=EN, name=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529804, updatedTime=1754445529804, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146123166801305609, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202391400884, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112777, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753520965431, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科学技术与工程, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148622798802673703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751782615614, updateTime=1751782615614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798781702180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751782615609, updateTime=1751782615609, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798769119267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1751782615606, updateTime=1751782615606, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798794285094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751782615612, updateTime=1751782615612, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798790090789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751782615611, updateTime=1751782615611, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155914124811976731, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753521003206, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753521003206, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science Technology and Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155914371227308235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753521061952, updateTime=1753521061952, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371210531016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753521061947, updateTime=1753521061947, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371202142407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1753521061945, updateTime=1753521061945, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371223113930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753521061950, updateTime=1753521061950, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371218919625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753521061949, updateTime=1753521061949, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科学技术与工程, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science Technology and Engineering, journalPhotoCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPhotoEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
“群并联动”的地热供暖模式:以山东省聊城临清典型地热分布区域为例
收藏切换
PDF下载
刘东义 1 , 赵振华 1 , 贾超 2, 3, * , 董啸 2, 3
科学技术与工程 | 天文学、地球科学 2025,25(8): 3102-3109
收起
收藏切换
科学技术与工程 | 天文学、地球科学 2025, 25(8): 3102-3109
“群并联动”的地热供暖模式:以山东省聊城临清典型地热分布区域为例
全屏
刘东义1 , 赵振华1, 贾超2, 3, * , 董啸2, 3
作者信息
  • 1 山东大学 海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237
  • 2 山东大学海洋研究院 青岛 266237
  • 3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237
  • 刘东义(1986—),男,汉族,河北衡水人,高级工程师。研究方向:地质调查与矿产勘查。

通讯作者:

*贾超(1976—),男,汉族,江苏徐州人,博士,教授。研究方向:水工环地质及海洋地质。E-mail: jiachao@sdu.edu.cn。
Geothermal Heating Mode of “Multi-well Coordination System" : A Case Study of Typical Geothermal Distribution Area in Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong Province
Dong-yi LIU1 , Zhen-hua ZHAO1, Chao JIA2, 3, * , Xiao DONG2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1 801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources Jinan 250014 China
  • 2 Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
  • 3 Institute of Marine Geology and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
出版时间: 2025-03-18 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441
文章导航
收藏切换

地热能作为一种分布广泛、储量丰富的清洁能源,不合理的开发利用会导致资源利用效率低下及一系列生态环境问题。选取山东省聊城临清典型地热分布区域,基于详细地热地质调查资料,探索构建基于“群并联动”的地热供暖模式,开展可行性及运行效益分析。结果表明:在保证相同供暖面积及供暖质量的基础上,构建的“群并联动”地热供暖模式可减少41.46%的地热资源开采量,大幅提高了地热资源最大利用效率,同时实现地热尾水回灌;静态投资回收期约为3年,运行20个供暖季总收益为2574.2万元,经济效益较好;采用该模式对重点工作区进行区块划分,有助于解决地热井密集、开发不均衡及无法施工回灌井等问题,可为其他地区的地热能供暖提供技术参考和应用示范。

地热开采  /  群并联动  /  供暖模式  /  运行效益

As a widely distributed and abundant clean energy source, geothermal energy may lead to inefficient resource utilization and a series of ecological environmental issues when improperly developed. The typical geothermal distribution area in Linqing, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province was selects as the research object. Based on detailed geothermal geological survey data, the construction of a "multi-well coordination system" geothermal heating model was explored and the feasibility analysis with operational benefit was conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed coordinated multi-well geothermal heating mode can reduce geothermal resource extraction by 41.46% while maintaining equivalent heating coverage and quality standards, significantly enhancing maximum utilization efficiency of geothermal resources. The system simultaneously achieves geothermal tailwater reinjection with favorable economic returns. The static investment payback period approximates 3 years, and the total revenue over 20 heating seasons reaches 25.742 million yuan. Through zoning division implementation in key operational areas, this model effectively addresses challenges including dense well distribution, uneven development patterns, and difficulties in reinjection well construction. The findings provide technical references and application demonstrations for geothermal heating development in other regions.

geothermal exploitation  /  multi-well coordination system  /  heating mode  /  operational benefits
刘东义, 赵振华, 贾超, 董啸. “群并联动”的地热供暖模式:以山东省聊城临清典型地热分布区域为例. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (8) : 3102 -3109 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441
Dong-yi LIU, Zhen-hua ZHAO, Chao JIA, Xiao DONG. Geothermal Heating Mode of “Multi-well Coordination System" : A Case Study of Typical Geothermal Distribution Area in Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong Province[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (8) : 3102 -3109 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441
地热能是一种绿色低碳的清洁能源,具有储量丰富、分布广泛、稳定可靠等优点[1-2],已受到世界各国的高度认同与重视[3-4]。当前中国地热资源开采主要面临开采井布局密集、开采后尾水直接排放等现状[5],导致地热资源利用率低下且不可持续发展,同时也会造成地热水水位持续下降[6] 、地面沉降、热污染及化学污染等系列生态环境及地质问题[7]
地热回灌是将地热水利用后的尾水回灌到地下某层位中, 可避免地热尾水直接排放引起热污染和化学污染的重要措施${}^{\left\lbrack 8\text{-}9\right\rbrack }$。同时可减少地热开采过程中的水头损失, 维持地层压力平衡, 对保持地热田储层稳定和延长地热田寿命具有重要作用[10-11]。回灌是地热开发中较为复杂的一项技术[12],为了避免因回灌引起资源破坏和不良地质环境问题,需要进行回灌试验和长期监测工作,以此指导地热回灌工作[13-14]
当前地热实际开发利用过程中主要是延续传统的模式,缺乏操作性强的统一地热规划[15],重点不突出, 没有充分发挥地热资源的复合优势, 经济效益和社会效益不够理想[16]。部分地下热水开采企业没有考虑开采井布局的科学性及合理性, 开采井间距明显小于开采权益保护半径, 地热开采井分布较密[17],规划施工地热回灌井难度较大。地热采暖系统结构单一[18] 、技术工艺设备不完善,造成尾水排放温度较高,利用率低下[19]。同时高盐度的地热水长时间开采会导致管道结垢和腐蚀等, 降低换热器的传热性能[20],增大了流体输送能耗,使得地热资源利用率下降。
地热资源现状开发模式制约了地热能的可持续利用, 迫切需要打破传统地热供暖模式, 以减少地热开采、提高热能利用率、满足地热尾水回灌为目标, 探索群井联动地热供暖新模式, 为地热资源的可持续性开发提供技术支撑和应用示范。选取山东省聊城临清市作为研究区, 在充分收集利用区内以往地热等资料的基础上,开展地热地质调查、 地热流体动态监测、水位统测及水质分析等工作, 掌握工作区地热资源开发利用现状。探索建立“多位一体”的群井联动地热供暖示范模式, 评价该模式下地热资源开发利用的实效性, 同时结合前期调查情况,提出示范模式在工作区应用推广的建议。
研究区位于聊城临清市, 交通方便, 邢临高速 (G2516)东西向穿过工作区北部, 德上高速 (G3W) 在工作区中东部南北向穿过,省道$\mathrm{S}{257}\text{、}\mathrm{\;S}{258}$、 S259、S260、S315、S322 贯穿整个工作区,京九铁路自北向南在工作区穿过, 临清站位于临清市区内, 同时京杭运河贯穿南北,各乡镇之间皆有公路相通, 为区内经济发展提供了较为便利的交通运输条件, 地理位置如图1 所示。
研究区内地热资源丰富, 分布广、易于开发, 属于聊考断裂以西的临清地热田,目前主要开发利用${2000}\mathrm{\;m}$ 以浅的馆陶组热储和东营组热储,其中以馆陶组中下部热储为主,东营组顶部热储为辅。城区共分布 65 眼地热开采井, 主要用于冬季采暖, 分布情况如图2 所示。地热开采大多以直供直排模式进行冬季供暖,地热井开采水温一般${62}\sim {65}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,尾水直接排放,排放温度一般${36}_{\sim }{39}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,地热资源利用率较低,加之无回灌,城区地热水位埋深降幅较大, 无法保证地热资源的可持续利用; 又因城区地热井布局过于密集,井间距一般${300}\sim {800}\mathrm{\;m}$,最小井间距不到${200}\mathrm{\;m}$,没有合理的空间给每一口开采井配套回灌井。
以回灌试验场地内御水天城小区和与其相邻的嘉和苑小区作为地热资源群井联动开发及供暖建设模式探索示范区块 (供暖小区编号分别为$\mathrm{A}$、 B),分布位置如图3 所示。A、B 小区各有一眼地热开采井 (编号分别为$\mathrm{A}$ 井、$\mathrm{B}$ 井),现状供暖模式均为地热水直接入户地板辐射供暖, 供暖面积分别为$1 \times {10}^{5}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$$6 \times {10}^{4}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$, A、B 小区冬季供暖平均单井出水量分别为${90}\text{、}{70}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$,出水温度${62}\sim {65}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, 尾水排放温度为${37}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
探索示范区块采用本次施工的 RH1 回灌井, 根据 2019-2020 年开展的回灌试验, RH1 回灌井能够满足$\mathrm{A}$ 小区全部供暖尾水的回灌,因回灌流量限制, 试验过程中回灌井尚未达到单井最大回灌量, 预测在回灌过程中适时回扬,单井回灌量可满足${120}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ 以上。
为减少地热水的开采量,提高热能利用效率, 根据当前$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区的实际情况,探索多位一体的群井联动供暖模式如下:将示范区内$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 两个小区作为一个供暖区块,由$\mathrm{A}$ 小区地热开采井、$\mathrm{B}$ 小区地热开采井、地热供暖 (换热和提热) 能源站 (主要由板式换热器及热泵机组等统等构成)、RH1 地热回灌井及回灌过滤系统等形成多位一体的群井联动地热供暖模式,如图4 所示。
A、B 小区地热水源井井口温度按 62 ℃,两小区地热水经旋流除砂器后分别进入地热供暖能源站,62°C 地热水通过一级板式换热器,交换 29°C 的热量给小区供暖侧循环的纯净水(供暖侧循环纯净水 40 ℃入户, 30 ℃出户), 对小区部分建筑进行供暖;将降至 33°C 的地热水再通过二级板式换热器, 交换${18}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的热量给热泵机组,再由热泵机组提热后 (通过机组将热量转换给供暖侧循环的纯净水并提升至 40°C 后入户,30°C 出户)供小区其他建筑供暖;此时经过二级板式换热器后的地热尾水均已降至${15}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},\mathrm{A},\mathrm{B}$ 井的地热尾水通过过滤系统后直接进入 RH1 回灌井进行回灌。
原来$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区尾水排放温度一般${37}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,常规供暖利用${25}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的热能; 通过该模式提高了地热水的热能利用率,尾水排放温度为${15}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,现可利用${47}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的热能。即相同供暖面积的情况下,可减少近$1/2$ 的地热资源开发,或同样水量利用的热能能够增加近一倍, 相应的供暖面积也增加近一倍。同时该模式实现取热不取水,避免地热水直接入户。
如果将该示范区视为小型区块, 也可将其中的 1 眼开采井关闭作为备用井, 另 1 眼井作为开采井, 配套地热供暖能源站、1 眼回灌井及回灌过滤系统等为 2 个小区进行供暖。该扩展模式如图5 所示。
也可将多个相邻的小区划为大型供暖区块, 将大型区块内$1/2$ 的地热井关闭作为备用井,另外$1/2$ 地热井作为供暖开采井,相应的配套地热供暖能源站、回灌井及回灌过滤系统等形成多位一体的大型群井联动地热供暖模式, 对区块内小区进行供暖。该模式不但可以解决城区现有地热井开发密度大,无空间配置回灌井的现状,还可以解决部分小区因供暖面积大供暖效果差等问题, 有利于地热资源开发利用的均匀分配。
根据现场调查, A、B 小区均为节能建筑, 供暖期室内温度一般${20}\sim {26}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$。以往每年供暖期${120}\mathrm{\;d}$,每天按${24}\mathrm{\;h}$ 不间断连续供暖,$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 井平均每天开采量分别为${2160}\text{、}{1680}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$,即$\mathrm{A}$${90}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、 25.00 L/s, B 井 70 m${}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$、19.44 L/s; 根据气温变化, 供暖中期天气较冷, A、B 并最高每天开采量分别为${2520}\text{、}{1680}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$,即$\mathrm{A}$${105}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}\text{、}{29.17}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s},\mathrm{\;B}$${85}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}\text{、}{23.61}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$。井口水温按${62}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,尾水排放温度平均${37}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$。由此计算$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区以往每年由地热供暖所消耗的热能和供暖热负荷。
依据地热流体可开采量所采出的热量, 地热田产能计算公式为
${W}_{T}= {4.1868Q}\left({T -{T}_{0}}\right)$
式 (1) 中:${W}_{T}$ 为热功率,$\mathrm{{kW}};Q$ 为地热流体可开采量,$\mathrm{L}/\mathrm{s};T$ 为地热流体温度,$\mathrm{C};{T}_{0}$ 为当地年平均气温,℃;4.1868 为单位换算系数。
供暖期地热流体供暖单位面积所消耗的热能, 称为供暖期供暖热负荷${Q}_{\mathrm{{ha}}}\left({\text{单位:}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}}\right)$,计算公式为
${Q}_{\text{ha }}= \frac{{W}_{T}}{S}$
式(2)中:$S$ 为供暖建筑面积,${\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
计算过程中,根据实际调研及统计数据,$Q$ 按年供暖${120}\mathrm{\;d}$,每天${24}\mathrm{\;h}$,$\mathrm{A}$ 小区取${25.00}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$,$\mathrm{B}$ 小区 19.${44}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}, T$ 取值${62}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},{T}_{0}$ 取值${37}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区供暖面积分别为${100000}\text{、}{60000}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$
得到计算结果为$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区以往每年由地热供暖平均所消耗的热能为${4651}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$,小区供暖平均热负荷为${29.08}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$。供暖中期地热供暖最高所消耗的热能为${5524}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$,小区供暖的最高热负荷为${34.53}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$
为保证$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区建筑物的供暖温度,本次将小区供暖平均热负荷提升至${32}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$,最高热负荷为${38}\mathrm{\;W}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$。地热水平均温度和尾水排放回灌温度分别为${62}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$${15}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,计算求得:$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区地热供暖平均所消耗热能为${5120}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$,其中,$\mathrm{A}$ 小区需要${3200}\mathrm{\;{kW}},\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区需要${1920}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ ; 需要${62}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的地热水${93.67}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$,其中$\mathrm{A}$ 小区需要${58.54}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$,$\mathrm{B}$ 小区需${35.13}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$
供暖中期, A、B 小区地热供暖最高所消耗热能为${6080}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$,其中$\mathrm{A}$ 小区需要${3800}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$,$\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区需要${2280}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ ;最高需要${62}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的地热水共计${111.23}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$, 其中$\mathrm{A}$ 小区需要${69.52}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$,$\mathrm{B}$ 小区需${41.71}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$
地热开采量减少比例为 41.46%,通过以上分析可知, 该群井联动模式在保障供暖效果的前提下,可实现地热水供暖综合利用,可减少 41.46% 地热资源的开采量,同时实现地热尾水全部回灌,达到地热资源的梯级、循环利用, 发挥地热资源最大效益。
以示范区现有供暖系统为基础, 群井联动地热供暖系统建设成本:$\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 两个小区的供暖换热站改造建设、回灌系统建设、管线铺设及定向回灌井施工等,如表1 所示。建设总成本约为 409 万元。
主要是电费、管理人员工资等费用。A、B 小区供热站需使用 2 台 45 kW 深井泵,4 台 20 kW 供暖循环泵、4 台 11 kW 中介水循环泵,运行电费按当地价 0.78 元/$\left({\mathrm{{kW}}\cdot \mathrm{h}}\right)$,每天按${24}\mathrm{\;h}$ 运转,一个供暖季 (按${120}\mathrm{\;d}$) 水泵电费为 52.56 万元。管理人员工资按 4 人,每人 3 000 元/月,一个供暖季为 14.4 万元。
根据以上情况,该模式配备制热量${2400}\mathrm{\;{kW}}$ 的热泵机组可满足条件, 能效比为 5.0 , 设备功率为${480}\mathrm{\;{kW}}\cdot \mathrm{h}$,机组运行时间按${16}\mathrm{\;h}$,运行电费收取 0.78 元$/\left({\mathrm{{kW}}\cdot \mathrm{h}}\right)$,平均每平方运行费用约4.49元$/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$, 一个供暖季运行成本约 71.88 万元。年运行成本共计 138.84 万元。
综上所述, 群井联动供暖示范模式建设与运行成本共计 547.84 万元。
当地居民采用地热取暖费用18元$/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$,示范区供暖面积${160000}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$,一个供暖季的供暖费收入为 288 万元。
投资回收期估算的表达式为
$ N =\frac{409}{{288}- {138.84}}= {2.74}\approx 3\text{ 年 }$
根据以上分析, 地热站投资的静态投资回收期约为 3 年。总收益估算: 按 20 年计算示范区该模式总收益为 2574.2 万元。
(1)有效提高地热能源的可持续开发利用。地热是一种无污染、可再生的清洁能源,量大、低碳、 环保、就地取用等优势。示范区供暖模式有效提高了地热能源的可持续开发利用。回灌后能够有效解决尾水直接外排的造成的环境污染、有效补充地下热水储量,减缓了地热水水位的下降和地面沉降, 符合国家节能减排政策。示范区一个供暖季利于地热水热量约${5.458}\times {10}^{13}\mathrm{\;J}$,可替代标准煤约${1862}\mathrm{t}$,减少排放${\mathrm{{SO}}}_{2}$${30.72}\mathrm{t}$${\mathrm{{CO}}}_{2}$${1248}\mathrm{t}$、粉尘约 17.88 t。
(2)解决了小区室内地暖盘管换热效率差的问题。以往示范区内采用直接供暖方式, 通过能源站机房的建设,解决了地热水直供所导致的管网与地暖盘管结垢严重、换热效率逐年变差的问题。
该模式的建设运营可采用 BOO (建设、拥有、运营)模式,由企业投资并承担项目的建设、培训、运行、维护及供暖收费等工作,设备系统的产权归属企业,由政府部门负责宏观协调、创建建设环境、提出供暖及回灌要求,企业需要向政府提交资源使用费,并配合政府部门的监督管理。这一模式体现了 “总体规划、政府监督、企业运作”的建、管、护一体化的要求。
重点工作区为临清市城区,地热开发利用较早, 共分布地热井 65 眼, 其中 1 眼地热井未使用, 其他 64 眼主要用于冬季地热供暖,部分为供暖和洗浴, 地热井以开采馆陶组热储为主, 少量兼顾开采东营组热储。供暖模式多为地热水直接入户循环供暖,部分新建小区采用板式换热器换热后进行供暖;据统计临清城区地热供暖面积为${3.5}\times {10}^{6}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$, 开采量约$1 \times {10}^{7}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{a}$
重点工作区地热井现状开发存在的主要问题: ① 现有地热井总体布局过于密集, 井间距一般多在${300}\sim {800}\mathrm{\;m}$,最小井间距不到${200}\mathrm{\;m}$,给每眼开采井配套回灌井较困难; ②城区内每口地热单井供暖面积${1.5}\times {10}^{4}\sim {11}\times {10}^{4}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{2}$,单井开采量一般${20}\sim$ ${90}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$ ; 根据本次调查,该区地热单井开采量可满足${90}\sim {110}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}/\mathrm{h}$,因各供暖小区供暖面积差异,导致地热井开发利用不均衡;③ 因该区开发利用时间较早,地热水无可燃气体,供暖模式多为地热水直接入户循环供暖, 部分新建小区采用板式换热器换热后进行供暖,地热井出水温度一般${60}\sim {67}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$,供暖后的尾水温度一般 35~39°C,直接外排至污水管道;尾水排放温度过高,地热能利用率较低,无回灌不满足现开采要求。
鉴于重点工作区存在的以上现状问题, 采用群井联动地热供暖模式在该区进行推广:将区内两个或多个相邻的供暖小区规划成小型或大型的供暖区块,区块内 50% 的地热井关闭作为备用井,另 50% 地热井作为供暖开采井, 相应的配套板式换热器、热泵机组等设备建设供暖能源站,配置回灌过滤系统并施工地热回灌井等形成多位一体的群井联动地热供暖模式, 对区块内小区建筑物进行供暖。该模式不但可以解决城区现有地热井开发密度大, 无空间配置回灌井的现状, 还可以解决部分小区因供暖面积大供暖效果差等问题, 有利于地热资源开发利用的均匀分配; 同时还可以解决尾水回灌和提高地热能的利用率, 使地热资源得到最大化的梯级利用。
根据重点工作区地热井及供暖现状,将 2、3 个相邻的地热供暖小区划分为一个区块, 个别区块为 4 个小区; 共划分为 21 个供暖区块, 涉及 56 个地热供暖小区 (56 眼地热井), 关闭 (备用) 地热井 26 眼,其中每个区块保留 1 ~ 2 眼地热开采井,配置相应数量的回灌井, 共保留开采井 30 眼, 配置回灌井 30 眼;其他 8 个小区无相邻供暖小区,未划分区块, 单独配置回灌井。规划配置的回灌井多为定向井, 开采段与回灌段间距均≥450 m。
该群井联动供暖模式在地热开发强度较大、水位降幅较大的老城区和规划地热供暖的新城区均适用。可将多个相邻的供暖小区建设成大型的供暖区块, 在重点工作区或地热水埋深较大的地热开发集中区进行统一规划并推广, 在达到同样供暖效果的情况下,可减少使用地热资源量的$1/3 \sim 1/2$, 同时通过该模式还可以实现系统全封闭式回灌, 使地热资源得到最大化的梯级利用, 实现地热资源全面节约、绿色、可持续利用。
(1)基于群井联动的地热供暖模式可大幅提高热能利用率,减少地热资源开发,尾水排放${15}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 时, 能够提高利用${22}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的热能,相同供暖面积情况下, 可减少 41.46% 的开采量,同时实现地热尾水回灌, 使热资源梯级、循环利用,发挥地热资源最大效益。
(2)以示范区为例,静态投资回收期约为 3 年, 运行 20 个供暖季总收益为 2574.2 万元,经济效益较好;同时采用群井联动供暖模式对重点工作区进行了区块划分, 有助于解决地热井密集、开发不均衡、无法施工回灌井等问题。建议采用企业建设运营、政府监督的模式, 进行统一规划推广。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42307272)
  • 济南市科技创新发展计划(社会民生专项)项目(202131001)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
许博越, 王磊, 胡志强, 等. 基于热电效应的地热资源发电技术[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022. 22(3): 1011-1015.
Xu Boyue, Wang Lei, Hu Zhiqiang, et al. Geothermal power generation technology based on thermoelectric effect[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022. 22(3): 1011-1015.
[2]
Wang P, Wang S, Wang G, et al. Exploitation technology and productivity analysis of hydrothermal geothermal multi-branch wells[J]. Geothermics, 2024. 117. 102883.
[3]
赵旭, 杨艳, 刘雨虹, 等. 全球地热产业现状与技术发展趋势[J]. 世界石油工业, 2020. 27(1): 53-57.
Zhao Xu, Yang Yan, Liu Yuhong, et al. Development trend and outlook of geothermal industry in the world[J]. World Petroleum Industry, 2020. 27(1): 53-57.
[4]
白志鸿, 陈秋桥. 地热资源综合开发利用的研讨[J]. 中国资源综合利用, 2019. 37(4): 56-58.
Bai Zhihong, Chen Qiuqiao. Discussion on comprehensive development and utilization of geothermal resources[J]. China Resources Comprehensive Utilization, 2019. 37(4): 56-58.
[5]
赵芳华. 衡水市地热资源开发利用模式探讨[J]. 节能, 2017. 36(10): 7-9.
Zhao Fanghua. Discussion on development and utilization model of geothermal resources in Hengshui[J]. Energy Conservation, 2017. 36(10): 7-9.
[6]
Dong Y, Huang H, Ren L, et al. Geology and development of geothermal field in Neogene Guantao Formation in northern Bohai Bay Basin: a case of the Caofeidian geothermal heating project in Tangshan, China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021. 48(3): 775-786.
[7]
Xu T, Zhao Y A, Zhao J, et al. Heat extraction performance and optimization for a doublet-well geothermal system in Dezhou, China[J]. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 2022. 40(2): 10.1177/01445987211043578
[8]
尹秀贞, 胡松涛, 潘春光, 等. 济南市孔隙裂隙地热田热储特征及开发利用模式探讨[J]. 山东国土资源, 2014. 30(8): 34-37.
Yin Xiuzhen, Hu Songtao, Pan Chunguang, et al. Discussion on characteristics and exploitation and utilization model of pore-crack geothermal fields in Jinan City[J]. Shandong Land and Resources, 2014. 30(8): 34-37.
[9]
Zhang J, Zhao M, Wang G, et al. Evaluation of heat extraction performance of multi-well injection enhanced geothermal system[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022. 201. 117808.
[10]
Liu Y, Long X, Liu F. Tracer test and design optimization of doublet system of carbonate geothermal reservoirs[J]. Geothermics, 2022. 105. 71-102.
[11]
Liu GH, Pu H, Zhao Z, et al. Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling on well pairs in heterogeneous porous geothermal reservoirs[J]. Energy, 2019. 171. 631-653.
[12]
马致远, 侯晨, 席临平, 等. 超深层孔隙型热储地热尾水回灌堵塞机理[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2013. 40(5): 133-139.
Ma Zhiyuan, Hou Chen, Xi Linping, et al. Reinjection clogging mechanism of used geothermal water in a super-deep-porous reservoir[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2013. 40(5): 133-139.
[13]
刘志涛, 刘帅, 宋伟华, 等. 鲁北地区砂岩热储地热尾水回灌地温场变化特征分析[J]. 地质学报, 2019. 93(S1): 149-157.
Liu Zhitao, Liu Shuai, Song Weihua, et al. Change characteristics of geothermal field for geothermal return water reinjection of sandstone reservoir in the northern Shangdong[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019. 93(S1): 149-157.
[14]
殷肖肖, 沈健, 赵艳婷, 等. 集中采灌条件下碳酸盐岩热储群井示踪试验[J]. 地质学报, 2021. 95(6): 1984-1994.
Yin Xiaoxiao, Shen Jian, Zhao Yanting, et al. Study on tracer test of carbonate geothermal reservoir under centralized pumping and re-injection conditions[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2021. 95(6): 1984-1994.
[15]
韩颖, 白雪峰, 张欣. 山西省地热资源及其开发利用模式探讨[J]. 中国地质调查, 2018. 5(5): 13-20.
Han Ying, Bai Xuefeng, Zhang Xin. Discussion on geothermal resources and its exploitation and utilization model in Shanxi Province[J]. Geological Survey of China, 2018. 5(5): 13-20.
[16]
赵方树, 刘占宁. 浅层地热资源开发利用模式探讨[J]. 资源与产业, 2016. 18(1): 32-36.
Zhao Fangshu, Liu Zhanning. Discussion on development modes of shallow geothermal resources[J]. Resources & Industries, 2016. 18(1): 32-36.
[17]
李金鹿, 陈安国. 河北省地热开发利用模式分析[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 2013. 26(8): 28-31.
Li Jinlu, Chen Anguo. Analysis on geothermal in Hebei Province[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 2013. 26(8): 28-31.
[18]
闫方平, 单秀华, 张红静, 等. 承德市地热资源利用现状及开发模式探讨[J]. 国土与自然资源研究, 2018. 5): 58-59.
Yan Fangping, Shan Xiuhua, Zhang Hongjing, et al. Study of current situation and development mode of geothermal resource utilization in Chengde[J]. Territory & Natural Resources Study, 2018. 5): 58-59.
[19]
廖月芝, 龚宇烈, 刘国钦. 广东省丰顺县地热资源利用现状及开发模式探讨[C]// 2011中国可持续发展论坛暨中国可持续发展研究会学术年会. 珠海: 中国可持续发展研究会, 2011. 4.
Liao Yuezhi, Gong Yulie, Liu Guoqin. Exploration of the current situation and development model of geothermal resources utilization in Fengshun County, Guangdong Province[C]// 2011 China Sustainable Development Forum and China Sustainable Development Research Association Academic Annual Meeting. Zhuhai: China Sustainable Development Research Association, 2011. 4.
[20]
薛宇泽, 陶鹏飞, 韩元红. 渭河盆地中深层地热资源开发存在问题及改进措施[J]. 资源环境与工程, 2020. 34(3): 428-431.
Xue Yuze, Tao Pengfei, Han Yuanhong. The problem and improvement measures of middle and deep geothermal resources development in Weihe Basin[J]. Resources Environment & Engineering, 2020. 34(3): 428-431.
2025年第25卷第8期
PDF下载
364
150
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441
  • 接收时间:2024-05-09
  • 首发时间:2025-07-29
  • 出版时间:2025-03-18
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-09
  • 修回日期:2024-09-30
基金
国家自然科学基金(42307272)
济南市科技创新发展计划(社会民生专项)项目(202131001)
作者信息
    1 山东大学 海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237
    2 山东大学海洋研究院 青岛 266237
    3 山东大学海洋地质与工程研究所 青岛 266237

通讯作者:

*贾超(1976—),男,汉族,江苏徐州人,博士,教授。研究方向:水工环地质及海洋地质。E-mail: jiachao@sdu.edu.cn。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403441
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏