Article(id=1156949467447513888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156949362480861758, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403028, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1713888000000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-24, revisedDate=1732291200000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753767848121, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1738944000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753767848121, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753767848121, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753767848121, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156949362480861758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='4', pageStart='1312', pageEnd='1751', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753767823094, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1755171161273, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1162835389472424814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156949362480861758, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1162835389472424815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156949362480861758, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1732, endPage=1742, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156949468655473463, articleId=1156949467447513888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Carbon Reduction Potential and Cost of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Based on the HEFA-FT Route, columnId=1156262729993277777, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Environmental and Safe Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Predicting the emission reduction potential and cost of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) that aligns with China’s national conditions is essential for advancing the SAF industry and achieving carbon neutrality goals. Based on the principles of international comparability and independent controllability, a lifecycle carbon emission reduction model was developed for two technological pathways: hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) and Fischer-Tropsch (FT). This model forecasted the emission reduction and cost associated with SAF in China’s civil aviation sector from 2025 to 2060.The results indicate that the HEFA pathway, which is suitable for implementation between 2025 and 2030 using waste oils as feedstock, achieves a carbon emissions reduction of 61.3 kgCO2e/GJ, contributing to an overall reduction of 84.4%. This associated cost ranges from 0 to 1 025.9 CNY/tCO2e when compared to traditional aviation kerosene. In contrast, the FT pathway-primarily developed between 2030 and 2060 utilizing municipal solid waste as raw material yields the highest carbon emissions reduction at 68.4 kgCO2e/GJ. Furthermore, routes employing agricultural or municipal solid waste exhibit lower abatement costs than those utilizing forestry waste. Considering China’s specific national conditions, it is determined the FT route utilizing agricultural waste as feedstock is more appropriate for development as the main SAF production technology after 2030 due to its abundant raw materials and comparatively lower abatement costs. Projections suggest that by 2060, reductions in China’s civil aviation SAF could reach approximately 17 177 million tons to 19 819 million tons. From a possible scenario spanning from 2025 to 2060, it is estimated that cumulative carbon abatement costs will amount to between 11 063 to 45 828 billion CNY, this corresponds with a marginal carbon abatement cost ranging from 220 to 697 CNY/tCO2e.
, correspAuthors=Xin LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Li-jun TIAN, Xin LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156949549395825333, articleId=1156949467447513888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=环境科学、安全科学基于HEFA-FT路线的可持续航空燃料碳减排潜力与减排成本, columnId=1156262730140078420, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·环境科学、安全科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=预测符合中国国情的可持续航空燃料(sustainable aviation fuel,SAF)的减排潜力与成本对推动SAF行业的发展,对实现碳中和目标至关重要。基于国际可比和自主可控原则,构建脂类和脂肪酸类加氢处理(hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids,HEFA)和费托合成(Fischer-Tropsch,FT)两条技术路径的全生命周期碳减排模型,预测2025—2060年中国民航SAF的减排量和减排成本。结果表明:适合在2025—2030年阶段部署的以废弃油脂为原料的HEFA路线相比于传统航空煤油减少的碳排放量、减排贡献、减排成本分别为61.3 kgCO
2e/GJ、84.4%、0~1 025.9 CNY/tCO
2e。在2030—2060年主要发展的FT路线中:以城市固体废弃物为原料的路线其减少的碳排放量最大,为68.4 kgCO
2e/GJ;以农业废弃物和城市固体废弃物为原料的减排成本低于以林业废弃物为原料。鉴于中国国情,农业废弃物为原料的FT路线由于其丰富的原材料及较低的减排成本,更适宜在2030年以后作为主要SAF生产技术路线进行发展。同时预计2060年中国民航SAF减排量大体在17 177~19 819万t。2025—2060年,可能情景下累计碳减排成本分别达到11 063~45 828亿元,边际碳减排成本为220~697 CNY/tCO
2e。, correspAuthors=刘鑫, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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1 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1225944421166920100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, authorId=1225944420525191551, language=CN, stringName=田利军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 中国民航大学环境与可持续发展研究院, 天津 300300, bio={"content":"
田利军(1976—),男,汉族,天津人,博士,教授。研究方向:民航环境与可持续发展。E-mail:tljshenji@126.com。
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田利军(1976—),男,汉族,天津人,博士,教授。研究方向:民航环境与可持续发展。E-mail:tljshenji@126.com。
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1 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225944418641949009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, companyId=1225944418612588875, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 中国民航大学环境与可持续发展研究院, 天津 300300)]), AuthorCompany(id=1225944418964910438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225944418977493352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, companyId=1225944418964910438, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1225944418981687658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, companyId=1225944418964910438, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院, 天津 300300)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1225944423100494454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Lifecycle emissions and reduction potential of different SAF pathways, figureFileSmall=ZKQvj6I74Eh0SdXdQn9YgA==, figureFileBig=FkZeVmW6teqRpxk00kgLBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944423234712202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
不同SAF路径的生命周期排放值和减排潜力, figureFileSmall=ZKQvj6I74Eh0SdXdQn9YgA==, figureFileBig=FkZeVmW6teqRpxk00kgLBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944423469593253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Carbon emissions reduced through different pathways, figureFileSmall=ZThZr1y1PyUe5bEtweRAqQ==, figureFileBig=MxWABuORyxF08KW6HNgAGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944424937599672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
通过不同途径减少的碳排放量, figureFileSmall=ZThZr1y1PyUe5bEtweRAqQ==, figureFileBig=MxWABuORyxF08KW6HNgAGg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425067623114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Emission reduction costs of SAF from different pathways, figureFileSmall=ZW9TQRUNui9ejV7LmdAyQg==, figureFileBig=i454+ZYAB4WqVCR0snWsMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425206035167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
不同SAF路径的减排成本, figureFileSmall=ZW9TQRUNui9ejV7LmdAyQg==, figureFileBig=i454+ZYAB4WqVCR0snWsMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425294115563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Forecasted aviation fuel consumption in China for the period 2025—2060, figureFileSmall=W9iGpR+OInWQmasLEyhsdA==, figureFileBig=5qrS7n/eRwzGwenXpX5OcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425428333311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
2025—2060年中国民航油耗预测量, figureFileSmall=W9iGpR+OInWQmasLEyhsdA==, figureFileBig=5qrS7n/eRwzGwenXpX5OcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425579328277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Carbon emissions of China’s Civil Aviation from 2025 to 2060 under three scenarios, figureFileSmall=fzDVCUQo718ySel9xDrsqQ==, figureFileBig=x2bF+YMhsl5LlyprZChH8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425738711846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
3种情景下2025—2060中国民航碳排放量, figureFileSmall=fzDVCUQo718ySel9xDrsqQ==, figureFileBig=x2bF+YMhsl5LlyprZChH8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944425889706808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Reduction in emissions from SAF under optimistic and pessimistic scenarios, figureFileSmall=JRb7oAL9G7HoK3fFzMqCjA==, figureFileBig=YRrvLdBrlZSWwlZBHvzfUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944426040701775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
乐观情景和悲观情景下SAF减排量, figureFileSmall=JRb7oAL9G7HoK3fFzMqCjA==, figureFileBig=YRrvLdBrlZSWwlZBHvzfUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944426250416997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Accumulated emissions reduction from SAF under optimistic and pessimistic scenarios, figureFileSmall=wnl5Cw/hj63B7hKw5YpAZQ==, figureFileBig=4eo3aY5s79srIF76mHYKdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944426409800573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
乐观情景和悲观情景下SAF累计减排量, figureFileSmall=wnl5Cw/hj63B7hKw5YpAZQ==, figureFileBig=4eo3aY5s79srIF76mHYKdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944426539824008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Carbon reduction costs from 2025 to 2060 under possible and optimistic scenarios, figureFileSmall=GKAoVPhm49opDVwIehg1lA==, figureFileBig=zv8noI6n4bS3f9lu9lZdlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944426690818966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
可能情景和乐观情景下2025—2060年碳减排成本, figureFileSmall=GKAoVPhm49opDVwIehg1lA==, figureFileBig=zv8noI6n4bS3f9lu9lZdlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1225944426892145581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Minimum selling price of SAF
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 技术路线 | 原料 | MSP/(USD·L-1) | MSP/(CNY·GJ-1) |
| HEFA | 废弃食用油脂 | 0.56~1.16 | 160.00~222.89 |
| FT | 农业废弃物 | 1.63~2.40 | 313.20~461.20 |
| FT | 林业废弃物 | 1.00~1.58 | 192.20~303.62 |
| FT | 城市固体废弃物 | 0.95~1.39 | 182.42~267.12 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225944427118638022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
SAF的最低出售价格
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 技术路线 | 原料 | MSP/(USD·L-1) | MSP/(CNY·GJ-1) |
| HEFA | 废弃食用油脂 | 0.56~1.16 | 160.00~222.89 |
| FT | 农业废弃物 | 1.63~2.40 | 313.20~461.20 |
| FT | 林业废弃物 | 1.00~1.58 | 192.20~303.62 |
| FT | 城市固体废弃物 | 0.95~1.39 | 182.42~267.12 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225944427252855769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Techno-economic analysis of different SAF technologies in China
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 技术路线 | HEFA | FT | FT | FT |
| 原料 | 废弃油脂 | 农业废弃物 | 林业废弃物 | 城市固体废弃物 |
| 转化率/% | 50~70 | 14~18 | 14~18 | — |
| 原料成本/(CNY·t-1) | 6 000~9 000 | 500~600 | 500~600 | — |
| MSP/(CNY·GJ-1) | 188.2~192.2 | 313.2~461.2 | 188.2~303.62 | 188.2~267.12 |
| LCA/(gCO2e·MJ-1) | 13.9 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 5.2 |
| 减排贡献(相比传统航煤)/% | 84.4 | 91.3 | 90.7 | 94.2 |
| ER/(kgCO2e·GJ-1) | 61.3 | 66.4 | 65.9 | 68.4 |
| 技术成熟度TRL[40] | 9 | 7~8 | 7~8 | 7~8 |
| 燃料准备级别FRL[29] | 9 | 6~8 | 6~8 | 6~8 |
| 产能[40]/(104 t·a-1) | 136 | 2 070 | 1 950 | 235 |
| 主导单位 | 中国石化镇海炼化分公司、河南省君恒实业集团生物科技有限公司、浙江嘉澳环保科技有限公司 | 国家电力投资集团有限公司、中国节能环保集团有限公司、中科合成油技术股份有限公司 | 中国节能环保集团有限公司 |
| 所需政策支持 | 地沟油出口限制 | 废弃物收集 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225944427382879210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
中国不同SAF技术经济分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 技术路线 | HEFA | FT | FT | FT |
| 原料 | 废弃油脂 | 农业废弃物 | 林业废弃物 | 城市固体废弃物 |
| 转化率/% | 50~70 | 14~18 | 14~18 | — |
| 原料成本/(CNY·t-1) | 6 000~9 000 | 500~600 | 500~600 | — |
| MSP/(CNY·GJ-1) | 188.2~192.2 | 313.2~461.2 | 188.2~303.62 | 188.2~267.12 |
| LCA/(gCO2e·MJ-1) | 13.9 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 5.2 |
| 减排贡献(相比传统航煤)/% | 84.4 | 91.3 | 90.7 | 94.2 |
| ER/(kgCO2e·GJ-1) | 61.3 | 66.4 | 65.9 | 68.4 |
| 技术成熟度TRL[40] | 9 | 7~8 | 7~8 | 7~8 |
| 燃料准备级别FRL[29] | 9 | 6~8 | 6~8 | 6~8 |
| 产能[40]/(104 t·a-1) | 136 | 2 070 | 1 950 | 235 |
| 主导单位 | 中国石化镇海炼化分公司、河南省君恒实业集团生物科技有限公司、浙江嘉澳环保科技有限公司 | 国家电力投资集团有限公司、中国节能环保集团有限公司、中科合成油技术股份有限公司 | 中国节能环保集团有限公司 |
| 所需政策支持 | 地沟油出口限制 | 废弃物收集 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225944427504514048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Contribution rate and fuel intensity of SAF in stages from 2025 to 2060
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 阶段/年 | SAF掺混比例/% | 燃油强度/% |
| 可能情景 | 乐观情景 |
| 2025—2029 | 2.0 | 10 | 0.6 |
| 2030—2034 | 5.2 | 30 | 0.9 |
| 2035—2039 | 17.0 | 35 | 1.2 |
| 2040—2044 | 39.0 | 45 | 1.5 |
| 2045—2049 | 54.0 | 65 | 1.8 |
| 2050—2054 | 65.0 | 75 | 2.1 |
| 2055—2060 | 65.0 | 75 | 2.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1225944427642925070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156949467447513888, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
2025—2060年分阶段SAF贡献率与燃油强度
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 阶段/年 | SAF掺混比例/% | 燃油强度/% |
| 可能情景 | 乐观情景 |
| 2025—2029 | 2.0 | 10 | 0.6 |
| 2030—2034 | 5.2 | 30 | 0.9 |
| 2035—2039 | 17.0 | 35 | 1.2 |
| 2040—2044 | 39.0 | 45 | 1.5 |
| 2045—2049 | 54.0 | 65 | 1.8 |
| 2050—2054 | 65.0 | 75 | 2.1 |
| 2055—2060 | 65.0 | 75 | 2.4 |
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