Article(id=1156908303457543050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156908295593223005, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402147, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1711382400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-26, revisedDate=1728576000000, revisedDateStr=2024-10-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753758033860, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1736265600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753758033860, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753758033860, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753758033860, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156908295593223005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='438', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753758031985, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765425680602, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1205845960933049001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156908295593223005, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1205845960933049002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156908295593223005, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=54, endPage=66, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156908304644531085, articleId=1156908303457543050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Analysis of Forest Cover Changes and Driving Forces in the Loess Plateau (Gansu Region) Based on Multisensor Remote Sensing Images, columnId=1156262729351549255, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Astronomy and Geosciences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The Loess Plateau, as a natural ecological barrier in the western region of China, has made positive contributions to the sustainable development of the nation. The governance and restoration of the ecological environment on the Loess Plateau (Gansu region) plays a critical role in the implementation of China’s ecological civilization construction strategy. To monitor the changes in forest resources on the Loess Plateau (Gansu region) from 2008 to 2018, based on cloud platform, Landsat, PALSAR, and terrain data were integrated to explore the advantages of spectral index, backscatter, texture, and terrain features in obtaining forest resource information. The random forest feature selection algorithm was utilized to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of forest cover in the study area for 10 years, and factor detection was conducted using geographic detectors. The results indicate that the random forest feature selection algorithm can effectively screen important feature information, with an overall accuracy of 91.88% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.91. The experimental scheme that integrates Landsat, PALSAR, and terrain data presents significantly higher accuracy compared to the forest classification results using a single data source. The overall accuracy of the four classification results is 86.65%, 88.23%, 90.15%, and 89.86% respectively. Over the past 10 years, the net increase in forest area in the study area is 0.60×104 km2. The areas with increased forests are primarily distributed in the central and eastern parts of Qingyang City, Pingliang City, Tianshui City, and the western region of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, while forest degradation primarily occurs in the southwestern part of Dingxi City and the central and eastern areas of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture. In single-factor detection, land use type is the dominant factor in forest cover change, and the spatial distribution of suitable soil type and the auxiliary effect of rainfall provide favorable natural conditions for the survival rate of afforestation and the healthy growth of forests.
, correspAuthors=Quan-fu NIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Bo LIU, Quan-fu NIU, Gang WANG, Ming-zhi LIU, Hao WANG, Jiao-jiao LEI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156908383958819162, articleId=1156908303457543050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=联合多源遥感数据的黄土高原(甘肃区)森林覆盖变化及驱动力分析, columnId=1156262730077163858, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·天文学、地球科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=黄土高原作为中国西部地区的自然生态屏障,为国家可持续发展做出了积极贡献。黄土高原(甘肃区)生态环境的治理与修复对中国生态文明建设战略的实施具有关键作用,为监测2008—2018年黄土高原(甘肃区)森林资源变化情况,基于云平台,联合Landsat、PALSAR及地形数据,探究光谱指数、后向散射、纹理及地形特征在森林资源信息获取方面的优势,运用随机森林特征优选算法获取研究区10年间森林覆盖时空分布并基于地理探测器进行因子探测。结果表明:随机森林特征优选算法可以有效筛选特征重要信息,总体精度可达91.88%,Kappa系数为0.91。联合Landsat、PALSAR及地形数据的实验方案精度明显高于使用单一数据源的森林分类结果,四期分类结果总体精度分别为86.65%、88.23%、90.15%、89.86%。10年间研究区森林面积净增加0.60×10
4 km
2;森林增加的区域主要分布于庆阳市中东部、平凉市东部、天水市中部和临夏回族自治州西部地区,而森林退化主要出现在定西市西南部和临夏回族自治州中东部地区。单因子探测中土地利用类型是森林覆盖变化的主导因子,适宜性的土壤类型的空间分布和降雨量的辅助作用,为植树造林成活率和森林健康生长提供了良好的自然条件。, correspAuthors=牛全福, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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, authorsList=刘博, 牛全福, 王刚, 刘明志, 王浩, 雷姣姣)}, authors=[Author(id=1205914220168807018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=armyman220101@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205914220265276014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, authorId=1205914220168807018, language=EN, stringName=Bo LIU, firstName=Bo, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, 2, address=1. School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
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1, 2, address=1.兰州理工大学土木工程学院, 兰州 730050
2.甘肃省应急测绘工程研究中心, 兰州 730050, bio={"content":"
刘博(1996—),男,汉族,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生。研究方向:环境遥感。E-mail:armyman220101@163.com。
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刘博(1996—),男,汉族,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生。研究方向:环境遥感。E-mail:armyman220101@163.com。
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Study area and distribution of elevation, figureFileSmall=PqeODY1F66kEMkutehAMWQ==, figureFileBig=R2Tr4aJOEI+Db1yVuWraXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914222744109780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
研究区及高程分布, figureFileSmall=PqeODY1F66kEMkutehAMWQ==, figureFileBig=R2Tr4aJOEI+Db1yVuWraXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914222861550294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Arrangement of feature factor importance, figureFileSmall=++jgpOQJWKfB0uXOVOXETw==, figureFileBig=H4CgnKGSSVtN248/fdJCig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914222953824985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
特征因子重要性排序, figureFileSmall=++jgpOQJWKfB0uXOVOXETw==, figureFileBig=H4CgnKGSSVtN248/fdJCig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914223033516763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Precision of different numbers of decision trees and features, figureFileSmall=0gJq0ykOVnr+Q/f6v8cJ7A==, figureFileBig=uxmnKmoM86GPhsV+D04Siw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914223159345885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
不同决策树与特征数量的精度, figureFileSmall=0gJq0ykOVnr+Q/f6v8cJ7A==, figureFileBig=uxmnKmoM86GPhsV+D04Siw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914223268397791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
The classification results of forests in four periods, figureFileSmall=rnAA6LNSchkoUryhJC+OAw==, figureFileBig=pE4bvzBynzE/ZDCw/OpYBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914223373255393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
4个时期的森林分类结果, figureFileSmall=rnAA6LNSchkoUryhJC+OAw==, figureFileBig=pE4bvzBynzE/ZDCw/OpYBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914224543466212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
The spatial and temporal changes in forest cover from 2008 to 2018, figureFileSmall=a0S1spK7m/hEwkOb0lt0BQ==, figureFileBig=qeO0WbAcf9Hfhlk0xozvWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914224610575078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
2008—2018年森林覆盖时空变化, figureFileSmall=a0S1spK7m/hEwkOb0lt0BQ==, figureFileBig=qeO0WbAcf9Hfhlk0xozvWg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914224686072552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Interactive detection results, figureFileSmall=X+3TsXNtCT663csjeML2EQ==, figureFileBig=qbrJdpaHD4Hlgv1msl4nIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914224761570026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
交互式探测结果, figureFileSmall=X+3TsXNtCT663csjeML2EQ==, figureFileBig=qbrJdpaHD4Hlgv1msl4nIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205914224853844717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Training sample statistics table
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地物类别 | ROI |
| 2008年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | 2018年 | |
| 森林 | 784 | 739 | 736 | 682 | |
| 城镇用地 | 409 | 465 | 502 | 525 | |
| 农田 | 586 | 540 | 513 | 496 | |
| 水体 | 143 | 165 | 172 | 195 | |
| 草地 | 256 | 189 | 210 | 173 | |
| 未利用地 | 201 | 232 | 192 | 235 | |
| 样本总计 | 2 379 | 2 330 | 2 325 | 2 306 | |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914224941925102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
训练样本统计表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地物类别 | ROI |
| 2008年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | 2018年 | |
| 森林 | 784 | 739 | 736 | 682 | |
| 城镇用地 | 409 | 465 | 502 | 525 | |
| 农田 | 586 | 540 | 513 | 496 | |
| 水体 | 143 | 165 | 172 | 195 | |
| 草地 | 256 | 189 | 210 | 173 | |
| 未利用地 | 201 | 232 | 192 | 235 | |
| 样本总计 | 2 379 | 2 330 | 2 325 | 2 306 | |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225042588401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Calculation formula of the remote sensing feature index
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据源 | 指数名称 | 计算公式 | 说明 | 公式编号 |
Landsat TM/OLI | 归一化植被指数 (NDVI) | $\text { NDVI }=(\text { NIR }- \text { Red }) /(\text { NIR }+ \text { Red })$ | NIR、Red分别为近红外和红光波段的反射率;NDVI取值在[-1, 1],值越高则植被覆盖越高,生态环境越好 | (1) |
增强植被指数 (EVI) | EVI=2.5 | NIR、Red、Blue分别为近红外、红光和蓝光波段的反射率;参数A和B分别为6.0和7.5;L为土壤参数,值为1 | (2) |
归一化建筑指数 (NDBI) | $\mathrm{NDBI}=(\mathrm{SWIR} 1-\mathrm{NIR}) /(\mathrm{SWIR} 1+\mathrm{NIR})$ | SWIR1、NIR分别为短波红外1和近红外波段的反射率;取值在[-1, 1],值越高则建筑物覆盖越密集 | (3) |
归一化水体指数 (NDWI) | $\text { NDWI }=(\text { Green }- \text { NIR }) /(\text { Green }+ \text { NIR })$ | Green、NIR分别为绿光和近红外波段的反射率;NDWI取值在[-1, 1],可用于反映水体分布和水文环境 | (4) |
| 比值植被指数(RVI) | $\mathrm{RVI}=\mathrm{NIR} / \text { Red }$ | NIR、Red分别为近红外和红光波段的反射率;RVI取值范围为(0,∞),可反映不同的植被覆盖和生态情况 | (5) |
PALSAR/ PALSAR-2 | 后向散射系数 γ | γ=10lgDN2+CF | γ为转换后的后向散射系数;DN为波段原始的振幅数据;CF为JAXA校正系数,取值一般为-83 | (6) |
| 差值(Difference) | Difference=HH-HV | HH、HV分别为水平极化波段和水平垂直极化波段;Difference、Ratio分别为两种极化数据的差值和比值 | (7) |
| 比值(Ratio) | Ratio=HH/HV | (8) |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225122280180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
遥感特征指数计算公式
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| 数据源 | 指数名称 | 计算公式 | 说明 | 公式编号 |
Landsat TM/OLI | 归一化植被指数 (NDVI) | $\text { NDVI }=(\text { NIR }- \text { Red }) /(\text { NIR }+ \text { Red })$ | NIR、Red分别为近红外和红光波段的反射率;NDVI取值在[-1, 1],值越高则植被覆盖越高,生态环境越好 | (1) |
增强植被指数 (EVI) | EVI=2.5 | NIR、Red、Blue分别为近红外、红光和蓝光波段的反射率;参数A和B分别为6.0和7.5;L为土壤参数,值为1 | (2) |
归一化建筑指数 (NDBI) | $\mathrm{NDBI}=(\mathrm{SWIR} 1-\mathrm{NIR}) /(\mathrm{SWIR} 1+\mathrm{NIR})$ | SWIR1、NIR分别为短波红外1和近红外波段的反射率;取值在[-1, 1],值越高则建筑物覆盖越密集 | (3) |
归一化水体指数 (NDWI) | $\text { NDWI }=(\text { Green }- \text { NIR }) /(\text { Green }+ \text { NIR })$ | Green、NIR分别为绿光和近红外波段的反射率;NDWI取值在[-1, 1],可用于反映水体分布和水文环境 | (4) |
| 比值植被指数(RVI) | $\mathrm{RVI}=\mathrm{NIR} / \text { Red }$ | NIR、Red分别为近红外和红光波段的反射率;RVI取值范围为(0,∞),可反映不同的植被覆盖和生态情况 | (5) |
PALSAR/ PALSAR-2 | 后向散射系数 γ | γ=10lgDN2+CF | γ为转换后的后向散射系数;DN为波段原始的振幅数据;CF为JAXA校正系数,取值一般为-83 | (6) |
| 差值(Difference) | Difference=HH-HV | HH、HV分别为水平极化波段和水平垂直极化波段;Difference、Ratio分别为两种极化数据的差值和比值 | (7) |
| 比值(Ratio) | Ratio=HH/HV | (8) |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225227137781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Combined scheme of classification features
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| 方案 | 特征类型 | 变量数量 |
| 方案一 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数) | 11 |
| 方案二 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数)+地形特征 | 14 |
| 方案三 | PALSAR(极化波段+后向散射特征+ 纹理特征) | 20 |
| 方案四 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数+ 纹理特征)+地形特征 | 62 |
| 方案五 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数+纹理特征)+ PALSAR(极化波段+后向散射特征+ 纹理特征)+地形特征 | 82 |
| 方案六 | 针对(方案五)进行特征优选 | 28 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225294246646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
分类特征组合方案
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| 方案 | 特征类型 | 变量数量 |
| 方案一 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数) | 11 |
| 方案二 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数)+地形特征 | 14 |
| 方案三 | PALSAR(极化波段+后向散射特征+ 纹理特征) | 20 |
| 方案四 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数+ 纹理特征)+地形特征 | 62 |
| 方案五 | Landsat(光谱波段+光谱指数+纹理特征)+ PALSAR(极化波段+后向散射特征+ 纹理特征)+地形特征 | 82 |
| 方案六 | 针对(方案五)进行特征优选 | 28 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225403298553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
The accuracy of various classification feature combinations
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| 分类方案 | UA/% | PA/% | OA/% | Kappa系数 |
| 方案一 | 79.33 | 80.15 | 81.32 | 0.79 |
| 方案二 | 83.25 | 82.35 | 83.10 | 0.82 |
| 方案三 | 75.36 | 78.25 | 78.52 | 0.76 |
| 方案四 | 84.19 | 83.75 | 85.58 | 0.84 |
| 方案五 | 87.54 | 86.39 | 86.21 | 0.88 |
| 方案六 | 91.35 | 90.28 | 91.88 | 0.91 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225482990332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
不同分类特征组合的精度
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| 分类方案 | UA/% | PA/% | OA/% | Kappa系数 |
| 方案一 | 79.33 | 80.15 | 81.32 | 0.79 |
| 方案二 | 83.25 | 82.35 | 83.10 | 0.82 |
| 方案三 | 75.36 | 78.25 | 78.52 | 0.76 |
| 方案四 | 84.19 | 83.75 | 85.58 | 0.84 |
| 方案五 | 87.54 | 86.39 | 86.21 | 0.88 |
| 方案六 | 91.35 | 90.28 | 91.88 | 0.91 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225571070717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
The accuracy of forest/non-forest extraction in different periods from 2008 to 2018
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分类 时期 | 类型 | UA/% | PA/% | OA/% | Kappa 系数 |
| 2008年 | 森林 | 86.13 | 84.45 | 86.65 | 0.86 |
| 非森林 | 88.24 | 86.96 |
| 2010年 | 森林 | 85.12 | 83.05 | 88.23 | 0.88 |
| 非森林 | 89.31 | 87.09 |
| 2015年 | 森林 | 88.59 | 90.53 | 90.15 | 0.92 |
| 非森林 | 90.55 | 92.69 |
| 2018年 | 森林 | 90.38 | 89.21 | 89.86 | 0.90 |
| 非森林 | 91.66 | 88.30 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225659151103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
2008—2018年不同时期森林/非森林提取精度
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分类 时期 | 类型 | UA/% | PA/% | OA/% | Kappa 系数 |
| 2008年 | 森林 | 86.13 | 84.45 | 86.65 | 0.86 |
| 非森林 | 88.24 | 86.96 |
| 2010年 | 森林 | 85.12 | 83.05 | 88.23 | 0.88 |
| 非森林 | 89.31 | 87.09 |
| 2015年 | 森林 | 88.59 | 90.53 | 90.15 | 0.92 |
| 非森林 | 90.55 | 92.69 |
| 2018年 | 森林 | 90.38 | 89.21 | 89.86 | 0.90 |
| 非森林 | 91.66 | 88.30 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225759814402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
Area statistics of changes from 2008 to 2018
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| 年份 | 变化状态 | 面积/km2 | 净增加/km2 |
| 2008—2010 | 稳定非森林 | 104 382.438 | 9.335 |
| 稳定森林 | 7 464.471 |
| 森林增加 | 1 375.213 |
| 森林退化 | 1 365.878 |
| 2010—2015 | 稳定非森林 | 99 325.438 | 3 937.405 |
| 稳定森林 | 10 024.766 |
| 森林增加 | 4 587.600 |
| 森林退化 | 650.195 |
| 2015—2018 | 稳定非森林 | 96 496.397 | 1 696.890 |
| 稳定森林 | 12 932.832 |
| 森林增加 | 3 427.831 |
| 森林退化 | 1 730.941 |
| 2008—2018 | 稳定非森林 | 9 7551.078 | 5 975.385 |
| 稳定森林 | 9 811.744 |
| 森林增加 | 6 600.281 |
| 森林退化 | 624.896 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225889837827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
2008—2018年变化情况面积统计表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 年份 | 变化状态 | 面积/km2 | 净增加/km2 |
| 2008—2010 | 稳定非森林 | 104 382.438 | 9.335 |
| 稳定森林 | 7 464.471 |
| 森林增加 | 1 375.213 |
| 森林退化 | 1 365.878 |
| 2010—2015 | 稳定非森林 | 99 325.438 | 3 937.405 |
| 稳定森林 | 10 024.766 |
| 森林增加 | 4 587.600 |
| 森林退化 | 650.195 |
| 2015—2018 | 稳定非森林 | 96 496.397 | 1 696.890 |
| 稳定森林 | 12 932.832 |
| 森林增加 | 3 427.831 |
| 森林退化 | 1 730.941 |
| 2008—2018 | 稳定非森林 | 9 7551.078 | 5 975.385 |
| 稳定森林 | 9 811.744 |
| 森林增加 | 6 600.281 |
| 森林退化 | 624.896 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914225990501126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=
Driver factors
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| 类型 | 因子 | 指标 | 数据源 |
| 自然因素 | X1 | 高程 | 地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/) |
| 自然因素 | X2 | 坡度 | 基于DEM数据运算获取 |
| 自然因素 | X3 | 坡向 | 基于DEM数据运算获取 |
| 人类活动 | X4 | 人口密度 | 国家地球系统科学数据中心(https://www.geodata.cn/) |
| 气候因素 | X5 | 年降雨量 | 国家气象科学数据中心(http://data.cma.cn/) |
| 气候因素 | X6 | 年均气温 | 国家气象科学数据中心(http://data.cma.cn/) |
| 自然因素 | X7 | 距河流距离 | 中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心(https://www.resdc.cn/) |
| 自然因素 | X8 | 距道路距离 | Open Street Map(https://www.openstreetmap.org/) |
| 自然因素 | X9 | 土壤类型 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所(http://soil.geodata.cn/) |
| 人类活动 | X10 | 土地利用类型 | 中国年度30 m土地覆被数据集(CLCD)(https://zenodo.org/) |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914226082775817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表7, caption=
驱动因子
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类型 | 因子 | 指标 | 数据源 |
| 自然因素 | X1 | 高程 | 地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/) |
| 自然因素 | X2 | 坡度 | 基于DEM数据运算获取 |
| 自然因素 | X3 | 坡向 | 基于DEM数据运算获取 |
| 人类活动 | X4 | 人口密度 | 国家地球系统科学数据中心(https://www.geodata.cn/) |
| 气候因素 | X5 | 年降雨量 | 国家气象科学数据中心(http://data.cma.cn/) |
| 气候因素 | X6 | 年均气温 | 国家气象科学数据中心(http://data.cma.cn/) |
| 自然因素 | X7 | 距河流距离 | 中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心(https://www.resdc.cn/) |
| 自然因素 | X8 | 距道路距离 | Open Street Map(https://www.openstreetmap.org/) |
| 自然因素 | X9 | 土壤类型 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所(http://soil.geodata.cn/) |
| 人类活动 | X10 | 土地利用类型 | 中国年度30 m土地覆被数据集(CLCD)(https://zenodo.org/) |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914226162467595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=
The single-factor detection results
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| 因子 | 2008年 | | 2010年 | | 2015年 | | 2018年 |
| q | P | 排序 | q | P | 排序 | q | P | 排序 | q | P | 排序 |
| X1 | 高程 | 0.125 | 0.00 | 5 | | 0.215 | 0.00 | 4 | | 0.218 | 0.00 | 5 | | 0.231 | 0.00 | 4 |
| X2 | 坡度 | 0.175 | 0.00 | 4 | | 0.173 | 0.00 | 5 | | 0.231 | 0.00 | 4 | | 0.188 | 0.00 | 5 |
| X3 | 坡向 | 0.088 | 0.00 | 6 | | 0.114 | 0.00 | 6 | | 0.147 | 0.00 | 6 | | 0.126 | 0.00 | 6 |
| X4 | 人口密度 | 0.033 | 0.00 | 8 | | 0.064 | 0.00 | 8 | | 0.082 | 0.00 | 8 | | 0.051 | 0.00 | 8 |
| X5 | 年降雨量 | 0.245 | 0.00 | 3 | | 0.289 | 0.00 | 3 | | 0.323 | 0.00 | 3 | | 0.288 | 0.00 | 3 |
| X6 | 年均气温 | 0.057 | 0.00 | 7 | | 0.092 | 0.00 | 7 | | 0.109 | 0.00 | 7 | | 0.074 | 0.00 | 7 |
| X7 | 距河流距离 | 0.012 | 0.00 | 9 | | 0.031 | 0.00 | 9 | | 0.044 | 0.00 | 9 | | 0.029 | 0.00 | 9 |
| X8 | 距道路距离 | 0.006 | 0.00 | 10 | | 0.012 | 0.00 | 10 | | 0.019 | 0.00 | 10 | | 0.009 | 0.00 | 10 |
| X9 | 土壤类型 | 0.336 | 0.00 | 2 | | 0.316 | 0.00 | 2 | | 0.397 | 0.00 | 2 | | 0.377 | 0.00 | 2 |
| X10 | 土地利用类型 | 0.628 | 0.00 | 1 | | 0.646 | 0.00 | 1 | | 0.621 | 0.00 | 1 | | 0.635 | 0.00 | 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1205914226237965069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908303457543050, language=CN, label=表8, caption=
单因子探测结果
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| 因子 | 2008年 | | 2010年 | | 2015年 | | 2018年 |
| q | P | 排序 | q | P | 排序 | q | P | 排序 | q | P | 排序 |
| X1 | 高程 | 0.125 | 0.00 | 5 | | 0.215 | 0.00 | 4 | | 0.218 | 0.00 | 5 | | 0.231 | 0.00 | 4 |
| X2 | 坡度 | 0.175 | 0.00 | 4 | | 0.173 | 0.00 | 5 | | 0.231 | 0.00 | 4 | | 0.188 | 0.00 | 5 |
| X3 | 坡向 | 0.088 | 0.00 | 6 | | 0.114 | 0.00 | 6 | | 0.147 | 0.00 | 6 | | 0.126 | 0.00 | 6 |
| X4 | 人口密度 | 0.033 | 0.00 | 8 | | 0.064 | 0.00 | 8 | | 0.082 | 0.00 | 8 | | 0.051 | 0.00 | 8 |
| X5 | 年降雨量 | 0.245 | 0.00 | 3 | | 0.289 | 0.00 | 3 | | 0.323 | 0.00 | 3 | | 0.288 | 0.00 | 3 |
| X6 | 年均气温 | 0.057 | 0.00 | 7 | | 0.092 | 0.00 | 7 | | 0.109 | 0.00 | 7 | | 0.074 | 0.00 | 7 |
| X7 | 距河流距离 | 0.012 | 0.00 | 9 | | 0.031 | 0.00 | 9 | | 0.044 | 0.00 | 9 | | 0.029 | 0.00 | 9 |
| X8 | 距道路距离 | 0.006 | 0.00 | 10 | | 0.012 | 0.00 | 10 | | 0.019 | 0.00 | 10 | | 0.009 | 0.00 | 10 |
| X9 | 土壤类型 | 0.336 | 0.00 | 2 | | 0.316 | 0.00 | 2 | | 0.397 | 0.00 | 2 | | 0.377 | 0.00 | 2 |
| X10 | 土地利用类型 | 0.628 | 0.00 | 1 | | 0.646 | 0.00 | 1 | | 0.621 | 0.00 | 1 | | 0.635 | 0.00 | 1 |
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