Article(id=1156908300571857656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156908295593223005, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1698249600000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-26, revisedDate=1720022400000, revisedDateStr=2024-07-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753758033173, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1736265600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753758033173, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753758033173, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753758033173, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156908295593223005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='438', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753758031985, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765425680602, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1205845960933049001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156908295593223005, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1205845960933049002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156908295593223005, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=44, endPage=53, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156908301582684925, articleId=1156908300571857656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Optimization of Local-optimal Threshold Method and Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Urban Built-up Area Expansion:A Case Study of Baiyangdian Basin, columnId=1156262729351549255, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Astronomy and Geosciences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The scientific extraction of urban built-up area information and the exploration of the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban expansion have significant relevance for urban planning and management. The local-optimal thresholding method was refined for the quantitative extraction of urban built-up area information within the Baiyangdian Basin, and the extraction process utilized PANNDA nighttime light data and Landsat series data from four periods: 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. Subsequently, an analysis of the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban built-up area expansion in the basin over the past 30 years was conducted using the urban expansion index and landscape index. The results show the optimized local-optimal thresholding method is successfully used to extract the data of the built-up areas in the basin for all phases, and it is confirmed that the method exhibits enhanced applicability compared to its pre-optimization state. The urban built-up area in the Baiyangdian Basin experienced significant expansion throughout the study period, with a growth rate of 154.48%. The sizes of the built-up areas across the 35 cities in the basin exhibited high heterogeneity. Temporally, the expansion of urban built-up areas predominantly exhibited an accelerating trend, with a widening disparity in the pace of expansion among the cities within the basin. Spatially, the built-up area to the left of the Zhengding-Zhuozhou line was less developed than that to the right. Notable expansion trends were observed in municipal districts or county-level cities such as Lianchi District, Jingxiu District, and Gaobeidian City. Based on the results of the landscape index, the expansion of urban built-up areas in Baiyangdian Basin shows the spatial characteristics of “dispersion-fusion” during the study period, and the boundary of built-up areas showed the evolution characteristics of “regular-complex-regular”.

, correspAuthors=Wei-ning SHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xing GAO, Zhong-yuan GUO, Qian WANG, Gui-jun LI, Wei-ning SHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156908373376586721, articleId=1156908300571857656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=局地最佳阈值法的优化及城市建成区扩张时空特征: 以白洋淀流域为例, columnId=1156262730077163858, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·天文学、地球科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=科学提取城市建成区信息并探究其扩张的时空特征,对于城市规划和建设有重要的参考意义。在优化局地最佳阈值法的基础上,采用1990年、2000年、2010年、2020年4期PANNDA夜间灯光数据和Landsat系列数据定量提取了白洋淀流域城市建成区信息,其后运用城市扩张指数和景观指数分析了白洋淀流域30年间城市建成区扩张的时空特征。结果表明:运用优化后的局地最佳阈值法成功提取了流域内城市各期建成区的数据,经验证该方法较优化前具有更优的适用性。研究期间白洋淀流域城市建成区扩张显著,增长率达154.48%;流域内35个城市的建成区呈现出较大的规模异质性。时序特征上,建成区扩张总体呈现加速趋势,流域内各城市的建成区扩张速度差距趋于增大;空间特征上,“正定—涿州”线左侧建成区扩张态势低于右侧区域;以莲池区、竞秀区、高碑店市等为代表的市辖区或县级市扩张态势较强。基于景观指数结果,建成区扩张过程呈现“分散-融合”的空间特征,建成区边界呈现“规整-复杂-规整”的演变特征。, correspAuthors=申伟宁, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 申伟宁(1985—),男,汉族,河北邢台人,博士,助理研究员。研究方向:区域高质量发展。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=YM/4JqEtCHtbePFxl4QzTQ==, magXml=uHaIZfx6Wv+60aPzGQfEEQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=TNTFOf4hGToqWTEZLEhRCA==, pdfFileSize=27850349, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=1kA9dFrmZP4p5UEZBIRCYg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=QGDJVw0b10StImsCOoauuw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

高星(1985—),男,汉族,河北井陉人,博士,副教授。研究方向:时空数据利用。E-mail:

, authorsList=高星, 郭忠元, 王千, 李桂君, 申伟宁)}, authors=[Author(id=1205909508841341320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=gaoxing_85@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510053495182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909508841341320, language=EN, stringName=Xing GAO, firstName=Xing, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
2. Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Urban-rural Integrated Development, Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061, China
3. Center for Urban Sustainability and Innovation Development (CUSID), Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
4. Hebei Province Economics and Social Development Geographic Information Big Data Platform, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510120604047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909508841341320, language=CN, stringName=高星, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061
2.河北经贸大学城乡融合发展协同创新中心, 石家庄 050061
3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061
4.河北省经济社会发展地理信息大数据平台,石家庄 050061, bio={"content":"

高星(1985—),男,汉族,河北井陉人,博士,副教授。研究方向:时空数据利用。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

高星(1985—),男,汉族,河北井陉人,博士,副教授。研究方向:时空数据利用。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205909508375773560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508384162169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508392550778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508468048251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508476436860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508468048251, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Urban-rural Integrated Development, Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508484825469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508468048251, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河北经贸大学城乡融合发展协同创新中心, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508564517246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508572905855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508564517246, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Center for Urban Sustainability and Innovation Development (CUSID), Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508581294464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508564517246, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508660986241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508665180546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508660986241, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Hebei Province Economics and Social Development Geographic Information Big Data Platform, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508677763459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508660986241, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.河北省经济社会发展地理信息大数据平台,石家庄 050061)])]), Author(id=1205909510200295825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510279987603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909510200295825, language=EN, stringName=Zhong-yuan GUO, firstName=Zhong-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=GUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510376456596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909510200295825, language=CN, stringName=郭忠元, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205909508375773560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508384162169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508392550778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061)])]), Author(id=1205909510481314198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510569394584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909510481314198, language=EN, stringName=Qian WANG, firstName=Qian, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5. Hebei Institute of Natural Resources Utilization Planning, Shijiazhuang 050051, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510653280665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909510481314198, language=CN, stringName=王千, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5.河北省自然资源利用规划院, 石家庄 050051, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205909508753260932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508770038149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508753260932, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5. Hebei Institute of Natural Resources Utilization Planning, Shijiazhuang 050051, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508774232454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508753260932, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.河北省自然资源利用规划院, 石家庄 050051)])]), Author(id=1205909510745555355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510846218653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909510745555355, language=EN, stringName=Gui-jun LI, firstName=Gui-jun, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3. Center for Urban Sustainability and Innovation Development (CUSID), Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205909510930104734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909510745555355, language=CN, stringName=李桂君, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205909508564517246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508572905855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508564517246, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Center for Urban Sustainability and Innovation Development (CUSID), Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508581294464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508564517246, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061)])]), Author(id=1205909511047545248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=283588771@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205909511135625634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909511047545248, language=EN, stringName=Wei-ning SHEN, firstName=Wei-ning, middleName=null, lastName=SHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205909511223706019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, authorId=1205909511047545248, language=CN, stringName=申伟宁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205909508375773560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508384162169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508392550778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1205909511387283876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=urban built-up area), Keyword(id=1205909511446004133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=local-optimal thresholding), Keyword(id=1205909511521501606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=nighttime light data), Keyword(id=1205909511609581991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=spatial-temporal features), Keyword(id=1205909511697662376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Baiyangdian Basin), Keyword(id=1205909511764771241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=城市建成区), Keyword(id=1205909511844463018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=局地最佳阈值法), Keyword(id=1205909511924154795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=夜间灯光), Keyword(id=1205909512003846572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=时空特征), Keyword(id=1205909512079344045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=白洋淀流域)], refs=[Reference(id=1205909515019551167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=66, issue=4, pageStart=297, pageEnd=300, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Kuang W, Du G, Lu D, journalName=Science Bulletin, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kuang W, Du G, Lu D, et al. Global observation of urban expansion and land-cover dynamics using satellite big-data[J]. Science Bulletin, 2021, 66(4): 297-300., articleTitle=Global observation of urban expansion and land-cover dynamics using satellite big-data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515078271424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=807, issue=null, pageStart=150813, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Zhou Y, Wu T, Wang Y, journalName=Science of the Total Environment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou Y, Wu T, Wang Y. Urban expansion simulation and development-oriented zoning of rapidly urbanising areas: a case study of Hangzhou[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 807: 150813., articleTitle=Urban expansion simulation and development-oriented zoning of rapidly urbanising areas: a case study of Hangzhou, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515141185985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=16, pageStart=6487, pageEnd=6498, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=杨婉清, 杨鹏, 孙晓, journalName=生态学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨婉清, 杨鹏, 孙晓, 等. 北京市景观格局演变及其对多种生态系统服务的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2022, 42(16): 6487-6498., articleTitle=北京市景观格局演变及其对多种生态系统服务的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515271209410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=16, pageStart=6487, pageEnd=6498, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Yang Wanqing, Yang Peng, Sun Xiao, journalName=Acta Ecologica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Wanqing, Yang Peng, Sun Xiao, et al. Changes of landscape pattern and its impacts on multiple ecosystem services in Beijing[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022, 42(16): 6487-6498., articleTitle=Changes of landscape pattern and its impacts on multiple ecosystem services in Beijing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515355095491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=26, pageStart=11327, pageEnd=11337, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=余瑞, 鲁珊, 郑志元, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余瑞, 鲁珊, 郑志元, 等. 城市扩张对区域生态安全格局影响研究——以合肥市为例[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(26): 11327-11337., articleTitle=城市扩张对区域生态安全格局影响研究——以合肥市为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515451564484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=26, pageStart=11327, pageEnd=11337, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yu Rui, Lu Shan, Zheng Zhiyuan, journalName=Science Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu Rui, Lu Shan, Zheng Zhiyuan, et al. Impact of urban expansion on regional ecological security pattern: a case study of Hefei City[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(26): 11327-11337., articleTitle=Impact of urban expansion on regional ecological security pattern: a case study of Hefei City, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515514479045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=367, issue=null, pageStart=133086, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Jiang H, Guo H, Sun Z, journalName=Journal of Cleaner Production, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang H, Guo H, Sun Z, et al. Projections of urban built-up area expansion and urbanization sustainability in China’s cities through 2030[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022, 367: 133086., articleTitle=Projections of urban built-up area expansion and urbanization sustainability in China’s cities through 2030, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515598365126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=103, issue=null, pageStart=102480, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Xu Z, Jiao L, Lan T, journalName=International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Z, Jiao L, Lan T, et al. Mapping hierarchical urban boundaries for global urban settlements[J]. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 2021, 103: 102480., articleTitle=Mapping hierarchical urban boundaries for global urban settlements, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515661279687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=77, issue=10, pageStart=2514, pageEnd=2528, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=8, authorNames=徐智邦, 焦利民, 王玉, journalName=地理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐智邦, 焦利民, 王玉. 1988—2018年中国城市实体地域与行政地域用地扩张对比[J]. 地理学报, 2022, 77(10): 2514-2528., articleTitle=1988—2018年中国城市实体地域与行政地域用地扩张对比, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515736777160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=77, issue=10, pageStart=2514, pageEnd=2528, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Xu Zhibang, Jiao Limin, Wang Yu, journalName=Acta Geographica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Zhibang, Jiao Limin, Wang Yu. Comparison of urban land expansion between urban physical and administrative areas in China from 1988 to 2018[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(10): 2514-2528., articleTitle=Comparison of urban land expansion between urban physical and administrative areas in China from 1988 to 2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515812274633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=25, issue=1, pageStart=342, pageEnd=364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=余柏蒗, 王丛笑, 宫文康, journalName=遥感学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余柏蒗, 王丛笑, 宫文康, 等. 夜间灯光遥感与城市问题研究: 数据、方法、应用和展望[J]. 遥感学报, 2021, 25(1): 342-364., articleTitle=夜间灯光遥感与城市问题研究: 数据、方法、应用和展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515904549322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=25, issue=null, pageStart=342, pageEnd=364, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Yu Boliang, Wang Congxiao, Gong Wenkang, journalName=National Remote Sensing Bulletin, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu Boliang, Wang Congxiao, Gong Wenkang, et al. Nighttime light remote sensing and urban studies: data, methods, applications, and prospects[J]. National Remote Sensing Bulletin, 2021, 25: 342-364., articleTitle=Nighttime light remote sensing and urban studies: data, methods, applications, and prospects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909515984241099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=36, issue=1, pageStart=189, pageEnd=199, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=胡苗苗, 闫庆武, 李建辉, journalName=自然资源遥感, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡苗苗, 闫庆武, 李建辉. 基于DMSP/OLS和NPP/VIIRS夜光影像的中原城市群城市扩张的时空演变及驱动力分析[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2024, 36(1): 189-199., articleTitle=基于DMSP/OLS和NPP/VIIRS夜光影像的中原城市群城市扩张的时空演变及驱动力分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516047155660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=36, issue=1, pageStart=189, pageEnd=199, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Hu Miaomiao, Yan Qingwu, Li Jianhui, journalName=Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu Miaomiao, Yan Qingwu, Li Jianhui. Analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution of urban expansion in the Central Plains urban agglomeration and its driving force based on DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime light images[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(1): 189-199., articleTitle=Analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution of urban expansion in the Central Plains urban agglomeration and its driving force based on DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime light images, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516126847437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=1, pageStart=66, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=14, authorNames=唐常春, 陈珈琪, 谢昀霏, journalName=经济地理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=唐常春, 陈珈琪, 谢昀霏, 等. 基于多源大数据的长株潭城市群城镇建成区综合集成识别与空间分异机制[J]. 经济地理, 2024, 44(1): 66-76., articleTitle=基于多源大数据的长株潭城市群城镇建成区综合集成识别与空间分异机制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516231705038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=1, pageStart=66, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Tang Changchun, Chen Jiaqi, Xie Yunfei, journalName=Economic Geography, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang Changchun, Chen Jiaqi, Xie Yunfei, et al. Integrated identification and spatial differentiation mechanism of urban built-up area in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration based on the multi-source big data[J]. Economic Geography, 2024, 44(1): 66-76., articleTitle=Integrated identification and spatial differentiation mechanism of urban built-up area in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration based on the multi-source big data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516319785423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=44, issue=10, pageStart=2114, pageEnd=2124, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=16, authorNames=司文涛, 张宁慧, 叶海鹏, journalName=资源科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=司文涛, 张宁慧, 叶海鹏, 等. 基于长时间序列夜间灯光数据的京津冀城市群城市化过程[J]. 资源科学, 2022, 44(10): 2114-2124., articleTitle=基于长时间序列夜间灯光数据的京津冀城市群城市化过程, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516424643024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=44, issue=10, pageStart=2114, pageEnd=2124, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Si Wentao, Zhang Ninghui, Ye Haipeng, journalName=Resources Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Si Wentao, Zhang Ninghui, Ye Haipeng, et al. Urbanization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in China based on long-term nighttime light data[J]. Resources Science, 2022, 44(10): 2114-2124., articleTitle=Urbanization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in China based on long-term nighttime light data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516504334801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=122, issue=null, pageStart=107302, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Liu J, Jiao L, Zhang B, journalName=Ecological Indicators, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu J, Jiao L, Zhang B, et al. New indices to capture the evolution characteristics of urban expansion structure and form[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2021, 122: 107302., articleTitle=New indices to capture the evolution characteristics of urban expansion structure and form, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516609192402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=24, issue=null, pageStart=595, pageEnd=609, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Henderson M, Yeh E, Gong P, journalName=International Journal of Remote Sensing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Henderson M, Yeh E, Gong P, et al. Validation of urban boundaries derived from global night-time satellite imagery[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2003, 24: 595-609., articleTitle=Validation of urban boundaries derived from global night-time satellite imagery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516747604435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=202, issue=null, pageStart=125, pageEnd=141, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Zheng Q, Seto K C, Zhou Y, journalName=ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zheng Q, Seto K C, Zhou Y, et al. Nighttime light remote sensing for urban applications: progress, challenges, and prospects[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2023, 202: 125-141., articleTitle=Nighttime light remote sensing for urban applications: progress, challenges, and prospects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516831490516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=1251, pageEnd=1260, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=21, authorNames=郑沐辰, 许刚, 肖锐, journalName=地理科学进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑沐辰, 许刚, 肖锐, 等. 城市夜间灯光强度空间衰减规律及应用[J]. 地理科学进展, 2022, 41(7): 1251-1260., articleTitle=城市夜间灯光强度空间衰减规律及应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909516911182293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=1251, pageEnd=1260, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Zheng Muchen, Xu Gang, Xiao Rui, journalName=Progress in Geography, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zheng Muchen, Xu Gang, Xiao Rui, et al. Distance decay of nighttime lights from urban centers and its application[J]. Progress in Geography, 2022, 41(7): 1251-1260., articleTitle=Distance decay of nighttime lights from urban centers and its application, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517007651286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=157, issue=null, pageStart=111283, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Xu Y, Hao S, Cui Y, journalName=Ecological Indicators, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Y, Hao S, Cui Y, et al. Analysis of the spatiotemporal expansion and pattern evolution of urban areas in Anhui Province, China, based on nighttime light data[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2023, 157: 111283., articleTitle=Analysis of the spatiotemporal expansion and pattern evolution of urban areas in Anhui Province, China, based on nighttime light data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517104120279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=47, issue=12, pageStart=105, pageEnd=111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=24, authorNames=贺军亮, 关子琼, 张振冉, journalName=测绘科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贺军亮, 关子琼, 张振冉, 等. 郑州市主城区空间形态信息提取与特征分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2022, 47(12): 105-111, 164., articleTitle=郑州市主城区空间形态信息提取与特征分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517204783576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=47, issue=12, pageStart=105, pageEnd=111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=25, authorNames=He Junliang, Guan Ziqiong, Zhang Zhenran, journalName=Science of Surveying and Mapping, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He Junliang, Guan Ziqiong, Zhang Zhenran, et al. Extraction and feature analysis of urban spatial pattern in downtown of Zhengzhou City[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2022, 47(12): 105-111, 164., articleTitle=Extraction and feature analysis of urban spatial pattern in downtown of Zhengzhou City, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517292863961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=175, issue=null, pageStart=403, pageEnd=415, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Huang X, Yang J, Li J, journalName=ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang X, Yang J, Li J, et al. Urban functional zone mapping by integrating high spatial resolution nighttime light and daytime multi-view imagery[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2021, 175: 403-415., articleTitle=Urban functional zone mapping by integrating high spatial resolution nighttime light and daytime multi-view imagery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517372555738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=74, issue=null, pageStart=220, pageEnd=230, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Yang Y, Liu Y, Li Y, journalName=Land Use Policy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Y, Liu Y, Li Y, et al. Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion in Beijing during 1985—2013 with rural-urban development transformation[J]. Land Use Policy, 2018, 74: 220-230., articleTitle=Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion in Beijing during 1985—2013 with rural-urban development transformation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517448053211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=95, issue=null, pageStart=102100, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Xie H, Zhang Y, Duan K, journalName=Habitat International, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xie H, Zhang Y, Duan K. Evolutionary overview of urban expansion based on bibliometric analysis in Web of Science from 1990 to 2019[J]. Habitat International, 2020, 95: 102100., articleTitle=Evolutionary overview of urban expansion based on bibliometric analysis in Web of Science from 1990 to 2019, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517536133596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=35, pageStart=15152, pageEnd=15159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=29, authorNames=徐涛, 于欢, 孔博, journalName=科学技术与工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐涛, 于欢, 孔博, 等. 基于夜间灯光数据的川渝城市建成区时空动态[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(35): 15152-15159., articleTitle=基于夜间灯光数据的川渝城市建成区时空动态, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517603242461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=35, pageStart=15152, pageEnd=15159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Xu Tao, Yu Huan, Kong Bo, journalName=Science Technology and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Tao, Yu Huan, Kong Bo, et al. Research on the temporal and spatial dynamics of Sichuan-Chongqing urban built-up area based on nighttime light data[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(35): 15152-15159., articleTitle=Research on the temporal and spatial dynamics of Sichuan-Chongqing urban built-up area based on nighttime light data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517666157022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=174, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=31, authorNames=高星, 宋昭颖, 李晨曦, journalName=生态与农村环境学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高星, 宋昭颖, 李晨曦, 等. 基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 174-183., articleTitle=基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517741654495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=174, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Gao Xing, Song Zhaoying, Li Chenxi, journalName=Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gao Xing, Song Zhaoying, Li Chenxi, et al. Landscape pattern optimization in Baiyangdian Basin based on landscape ecological risk assessment[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(2): 174-183., articleTitle=Landscape pattern optimization in Baiyangdian Basin based on landscape ecological risk assessment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909517821346272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=414, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Zhang L, Ren Z, Chen B, journalName=Scientific Data, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang L, Ren Z, Chen B, et al. A prolonged artificial nighttime-light dataset of China (1984—2020)[J]. Scientific Data, 2024, 11(1): 414., articleTitle=A prolonged artificial nighttime-light dataset of China (1984—2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909518953808353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=14, issue=2, pageStart=517, pageEnd=534, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Zhao M, Cheng C, Zhou Y, journalName=Earth System Science Data, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao M, Cheng C, Zhou Y, et al. A global dataset of annual urban extents (1992—2020) from harmonized nighttime lights[J]. Earth System Science Data, 2022, 14(2): 517-534., articleTitle=A global dataset of annual urban extents (1992—2020) from harmonized nighttime lights, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909519046083042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=35, authorNames=邬建国, journalName=尺度与等级, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邬建国. 景观生态学:格局, 过程, 尺度与等级[M]. 2版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2007., articleTitle=景观生态学:格局, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909519125774819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Wu Jianguo, journalName=process, scale and hierarchy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu Jianguo. Landscape ecology:pattern, process, scale and hierarchy[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2007., articleTitle=Landscape ecology:pattern, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909519234826724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=33, issue=1, pageStart=21, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Xue B, Xiao X, Li J, journalName=Chinese Geographical Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xue B, Xiao X, Li J, et al. Multi-source data-driven identification of urban functional areas: a case of Shenyang, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2023, 33(1): 21-35., articleTitle=Multi-source data-driven identification of urban functional areas: a case of Shenyang, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205909519297741285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=12, issue=2, pageStart=495, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Li X, Song Y, Liu H, journalName=Land, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li X, Song Y, Liu H, et al. Extraction of urban built-up areas using nighttime light (NTL) and multi-source data: a case study in Dalian City, China[J]. Land, 2023, 12(2): 495., articleTitle=Extraction of urban built-up areas using nighttime light (NTL) and multi-source data: a case study in Dalian City, China, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1205909514876944830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, awardId=HB22GL030, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省社会科学基金(HB22GL030), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205909508375773560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508384162169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508392550778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508375773560, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508468048251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508476436860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508468048251, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2. Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Urban-rural Integrated Development, Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508484825469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508468048251, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河北经贸大学城乡融合发展协同创新中心, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508564517246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508572905855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508564517246, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3. Center for Urban Sustainability and Innovation Development (CUSID), Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508581294464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508564517246, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508660986241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508665180546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508660986241, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4. Hebei Province Economics and Social Development Geographic Information Big Data Platform, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508677763459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508660986241, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.河北省经济社会发展地理信息大数据平台,石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1205909508753260932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508770038149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508753260932, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5. Hebei Institute of Natural Resources Utilization Planning, Shijiazhuang 050051, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205909508774232454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, companyId=1205909508753260932, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.河北省自然资源利用规划院, 石家庄 050051)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1205909512255504814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Geographical location of Baiyangdian Basin, figureFileSmall=Z1ANH14TR5e7U9OmcbjXXw==, figureFileBig=ozagLBcQd1GL2sV465X3BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512322613679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=图1, caption=白洋淀流域地理位置, figureFileSmall=Z1ANH14TR5e7U9OmcbjXXw==, figureFileBig=ozagLBcQd1GL2sV465X3BQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512410694064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The brief extraction flow and sketch map, figureFileSmall=M6MYwhe8FWTwacvP5JLCVA==, figureFileBig=F7RIxOpKCunr4MQo3FL99w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512473608625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=图2, caption=提取思路及操作简图, figureFileSmall=M6MYwhe8FWTwacvP5JLCVA==, figureFileBig=F7RIxOpKCunr4MQo3FL99w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512565883314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Extraction results of the built-up areas in Baiyangdian Basin, figureFileSmall=HyCznz2Ib12ijsihiwpZbg==, figureFileBig=2wZg7Z8ov0s8QvnpB/fopA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512687518131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=图3, caption=白洋淀流域城市建成区提取结果, figureFileSmall=HyCznz2Ib12ijsihiwpZbg==, figureFileBig=2wZg7Z8ov0s8QvnpB/fopA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512813347252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The accuracy verification of the extraction results of the optimized method, figureFileSmall=yDtZ2mMjKsy87UIiCeooJg==, figureFileBig=RJIBS70K/U1wlCkqaMyO6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512914010549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=图4, caption=优化后方法提取结果的精度验证, figureFileSmall=yDtZ2mMjKsy87UIiCeooJg==, figureFileBig=RJIBS70K/U1wlCkqaMyO6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909512997896630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Urban expansion indices of Baiyangdian Basin, figureFileSmall=qgjYSZYXG7MVKGOQJbnWGw==, figureFileBig=0ruNI1KLu6iFdupxaV5DRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909513065005495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=图5, caption=白洋淀流域城市扩张指数, figureFileSmall=qgjYSZYXG7MVKGOQJbnWGw==, figureFileBig=0ruNI1KLu6iFdupxaV5DRw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205909513132114360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Landscape index[25]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指数 公式 指数描述
NP NP=n 即景观中某种斑块的总数量;取值范围NP≥1,无上限
PD PD= n i A i 在斑块级别上即每平方千米的斑块数;取值范围PD≥0,无上限
MPS MPS= A i n i 在斑块级别上等于某一斑块类型的总面积除以该类型的斑块数目;取值范围MPS≥0,无上限
LPI LPI= a m a x A×100% 在斑块级别上为某一斑块类型中的最大斑块占据整个景观面积的比例;取值范围100≥LPI>0
LSI LSI= 0.25 E A 在斑块级别上为景观中斑块边界的总长度除以景观总面积的平方根,再乘以正方形校正常数取值范围LSI≥0,无上限
), ArticleFig(id=1205909513270526393, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

景观指数[25]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指数 公式 指数描述
NP NP=n 即景观中某种斑块的总数量;取值范围NP≥1,无上限
PD PD= n i A i 在斑块级别上即每平方千米的斑块数;取值范围PD≥0,无上限
MPS MPS= A i n i 在斑块级别上等于某一斑块类型的总面积除以该类型的斑块数目;取值范围MPS≥0,无上限
LPI LPI= a m a x A×100% 在斑块级别上为某一斑块类型中的最大斑块占据整个景观面积的比例;取值范围100≥LPI>0
LSI LSI= 0.25 E A 在斑块级别上为景观中斑块边界的总长度除以景观总面积的平方根,再乘以正方形校正常数取值范围LSI≥0,无上限
), ArticleFig(id=1205909513350218170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Overall expansion indices of the built-up areas in Baiyangdian Basin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
流域
整体
1990—2000年 2000—2010年 2010—2020年 1990—2020年
UII 14.24 15.78 19.84 16.62
EII/% 4.41 3.39 3.18 5.15
Q 1.11 1.26
), ArticleFig(id=1205909514499457467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

白洋淀流域城市建成区整体扩张指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
流域
整体
1990—2000年 2000—2010年 2010—2020年 1990—2020年
UII 14.24 15.78 19.84 16.62
EII/% 4.41 3.39 3.18 5.15
Q 1.11 1.26
), ArticleFig(id=1205909514629480892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Landscape index of cities in the Baiyangdian Basin in different stages

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份 NP PD LPI LSI MSP
1990 200 0.88 11.67 27.39 113.26
2000 288 0.90 12.39 28.17 111.65
2010 334 0.79 20.56 32.07 127.43
2020 301 0.41 21.97 26.71 183.87
), ArticleFig(id=1205909514721755581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908300571857656, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

白洋淀流域各期城市建成区景观指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份 NP PD LPI LSI MSP
1990 200 0.88 11.67 27.39 113.26
2000 288 0.90 12.39 28.17 111.65
2010 334 0.79 20.56 32.07 127.43
2020 301 0.41 21.97 26.71 183.87
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146119176004939786, delFlag=0, nameCn=科学技术与工程, nameEn=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-1815, eissn=, cn=11-4688/T, coden=null, periodic=4, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Sci Technol Eng, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1754445529766, createdBy=null, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=S, firstLetterEn=S, subjectCode=Natural Sciences, subjectName=自然科学, subjectCodeEn=Natural Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, picEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1159791870395564357, language=CN, name=科学技术与工程, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529793, updatedTime=1754445529793, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/site/menus/20090429150146001, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1159791870441701702, language=EN, name=Science Technology and Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/home, createdTime=1754445529804, updatedTime=1754445529804, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.stae.com.cn/jsygc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146123166801305609, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202391400884, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112777, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753520965431, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=科学技术与工程, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148622798802673703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751782615614, updateTime=1751782615614, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798781702180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751782615609, updateTime=1751782615609, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798769119267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1751782615606, updateTime=1751782615606, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798794285094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751782615612, updateTime=1751782615612, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148622798790090789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202391400884, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751782615611, updateTime=1751782615611, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155914124811976731, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123166801305609, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753521003206, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753521003206, updateBy=18614031015, name=科学技术与工程-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Science Technology and Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155914371227308235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753521061952, updateTime=1753521061952, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371210531016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753521061947, updateTime=1753521061947, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371202142407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=j86gbwi+p0Idkyl5SzIlmQ==, createTime=1753521061945, updateTime=1753521061945, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371223113930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753521061950, updateTime=1753521061950, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155914371218919625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155914124811976731, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753521061949, updateTime=1753521061949, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=科学技术与工程, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Science Technology and Engineering, journalPhotoCn=UKU/O7GSka5polgCTkbIIw==, journalPhotoEn=5hwlULoNwcbj3xUmVi9MAQ==, journalFirstLetter=S, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/EN/PDF/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
局地最佳阈值法的优化及城市建成区扩张时空特征: 以白洋淀流域为例
收藏切换
PDF下载
高星 1, 2, 3, 4 , 郭忠元 1 , 王千 5 , 李桂君 3 , 申伟宁 1, *
科学技术与工程 | 论文·天文学、地球科学 2025,25(1): 44-53
收起
收藏切换
科学技术与工程 | 论文·天文学、地球科学 2025, 25(1): 44-53
局地最佳阈值法的优化及城市建成区扩张时空特征: 以白洋淀流域为例
全屏
高星1, 2, 3, 4 , 郭忠元1, 王千5, 李桂君3, 申伟宁1, *
作者信息
  • 1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061
  • 2.河北经贸大学城乡融合发展协同创新中心, 石家庄 050061
  • 3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061
  • 4.河北省经济社会发展地理信息大数据平台,石家庄 050061
  • 5.河北省自然资源利用规划院, 石家庄 050051
  • 高星(1985—),男,汉族,河北井陉人,博士,副教授。研究方向:时空数据利用。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 申伟宁(1985—),男,汉族,河北邢台人,博士,助理研究员。研究方向:区域高质量发展。E-mail:
Optimization of Local-optimal Threshold Method and Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Urban Built-up Area Expansion:A Case Study of Baiyangdian Basin
Xing GAO1, 2, 3, 4 , Zhong-yuan GUO1, Qian WANG5, Gui-jun LI3, Wei-ning SHEN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
  • 2. Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Urban-rural Integrated Development, Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061, China
  • 3. Center for Urban Sustainability and Innovation Development (CUSID), Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
  • 4. Hebei Province Economics and Social Development Geographic Information Big Data Platform, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
  • 5. Hebei Institute of Natural Resources Utilization Planning, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
出版时间: 2025-01-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364
文章导航
收藏切换
科学提取城市建成区信息并探究其扩张的时空特征,对于城市规划和建设有重要的参考意义。在优化局地最佳阈值法的基础上,采用1990年、2000年、2010年、2020年4期PANNDA夜间灯光数据和Landsat系列数据定量提取了白洋淀流域城市建成区信息,其后运用城市扩张指数和景观指数分析了白洋淀流域30年间城市建成区扩张的时空特征。结果表明:运用优化后的局地最佳阈值法成功提取了流域内城市各期建成区的数据,经验证该方法较优化前具有更优的适用性。研究期间白洋淀流域城市建成区扩张显著,增长率达154.48%;流域内35个城市的建成区呈现出较大的规模异质性。时序特征上,建成区扩张总体呈现加速趋势,流域内各城市的建成区扩张速度差距趋于增大;空间特征上,“正定—涿州”线左侧建成区扩张态势低于右侧区域;以莲池区、竞秀区、高碑店市等为代表的市辖区或县级市扩张态势较强。基于景观指数结果,建成区扩张过程呈现“分散-融合”的空间特征,建成区边界呈现“规整-复杂-规整”的演变特征。
城市建成区  /  局地最佳阈值法  /  夜间灯光  /  时空特征  /  白洋淀流域

The scientific extraction of urban built-up area information and the exploration of the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban expansion have significant relevance for urban planning and management. The local-optimal thresholding method was refined for the quantitative extraction of urban built-up area information within the Baiyangdian Basin, and the extraction process utilized PANNDA nighttime light data and Landsat series data from four periods: 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. Subsequently, an analysis of the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban built-up area expansion in the basin over the past 30 years was conducted using the urban expansion index and landscape index. The results show the optimized local-optimal thresholding method is successfully used to extract the data of the built-up areas in the basin for all phases, and it is confirmed that the method exhibits enhanced applicability compared to its pre-optimization state. The urban built-up area in the Baiyangdian Basin experienced significant expansion throughout the study period, with a growth rate of 154.48%. The sizes of the built-up areas across the 35 cities in the basin exhibited high heterogeneity. Temporally, the expansion of urban built-up areas predominantly exhibited an accelerating trend, with a widening disparity in the pace of expansion among the cities within the basin. Spatially, the built-up area to the left of the Zhengding-Zhuozhou line was less developed than that to the right. Notable expansion trends were observed in municipal districts or county-level cities such as Lianchi District, Jingxiu District, and Gaobeidian City. Based on the results of the landscape index, the expansion of urban built-up areas in Baiyangdian Basin shows the spatial characteristics of “dispersion-fusion” during the study period, and the boundary of built-up areas showed the evolution characteristics of “regular-complex-regular”.

urban built-up area  /  local-optimal thresholding  /  nighttime light data  /  spatial-temporal features  /  Baiyangdian Basin
高星, 郭忠元, 王千, 李桂君, 申伟宁. 局地最佳阈值法的优化及城市建成区扩张时空特征: 以白洋淀流域为例. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (1) : 44 -53 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364
Xing GAO, Zhong-yuan GUO, Qian WANG, Gui-jun LI, Wei-ning SHEN. Optimization of Local-optimal Threshold Method and Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Urban Built-up Area Expansion:A Case Study of Baiyangdian Basin[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (1) : 44 -53 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364
城市建成区是由人造不透水面和部分具有城市功能的绿地、水体等共同构成的核心城市领域,其空间扩张是城市化的主要特征之一[1]。改革开放后城市建成区的扩张契合了经济社会快速发展的内在需要[2],但也带来热岛效应加剧和环境污染加重、城市空间失调等现实问题[3-5],对城市经济发展、人居环境提升等产生多重影响。探究城市建成区扩张时空特征是全面了解城市发展进程的前提,对实现城市可持续发展有重要的参考意义[6]
在城市建成区的识别方面,随着城乡景观的日益混合和城市边缘的低密度扩张,城乡的空间边界趋于模糊[6-7]。基于此,尽可能客观、简洁、科学地判定和提取城市建成区信息成为现实需要,同时也是探究其时空扩张特征的首要问题[8]。近年来,学界围绕该问题展开了一定研究,可将所用方法归纳为三类:第一类是基于传统光学遥感解译数据和研究者知识经验判读城市建成区,如依据解译后的地类数据直接划定。该类方法易于操作,但存在数据质量不稳定、主观性强和工作量大等弊端[6]。第二类是基于夜间灯光、多光谱遥感、人口空间化等数据,通过挖掘数据的数值、数量、密度和拓扑关系等属性,并利用各类聚类算法判定城市建成区[9-10]。该类方法有客观性强、结果精度高等优点,但存在应用范围有限、操作门槛较高等局限性[8]。第三类是利用兴趣点(point of interest,POI)、手机信令、车辆轨迹等时空大数据进行城市建成区判定提取。该类方法提取精度高,在研究中表现了一定的应用潜力,但囿于数据存量少等问题不适于长时序研究[11-12]。总体来看,现有的数据类型及利用方式为建成区判定提取提供了丰富的方法选择[10]。其中,能直观反映人口集聚和经济活力的夜间灯光数据被广泛用于城市建成区提取。
局地最佳阈值法(local-optimal thresholding)又称比较阈值法,属于上述第二类的一种,由Henderson等[13]于2003年提出。城市建成区的夜间灯光亮度远高于非建成区,且前后两者亮度之间存在阶梯性[14-15]。该方法的思路是以社会经济统计数据(研究中常用统计年鉴中的建成区面积)为辅助,通过对比辅助数据与某一亮度阈值之上的像元面积来选取最佳亮度阈值,判定超过该阈值的集聚像元为城市建成区像元[8,13]。该方法具有客观性强、稳定性好、提取精度较高等优点,现已成为利用夜间灯光数据提取城市建成区的常用方法之一[8,14]。例如胡苗苗等[9]、Xu等[16]和贺军亮等[17]分别用该方法提取了中原城市群、安徽省和郑州主城区的城市建成区,并进一步探究了各主体空间扩张的特征。然而,局地最佳阈值法被认为仅适用于中大型城市建成区的判别提取[8,18]。首先,该方法的适用性在很大程度上取决于辅助数据的可获取性,这在长时序分析和针对小型城市的研究中构成了显著的限制,因为小型城市的辅助数据通常存在难以收集或缺失的问题。其次,由于夜间灯光数据像元较大(DMSP/OLS系列数据为1 km;NPP/VIIRS系列数据为0.5 km),该方法在提取小型城市建成区方面的精度并不理想。当前,城市建成区研究日益精细化和多样化,这对基础数据提出更高要求。鉴于此,拓展局地最佳阈值法的适用范围并提高提取结果的精度,对该方法的操作过程进行优化调整具有现实意义和应用价值。
在城市建成区扩张时空特征方面,近年来国内外学者也开展了较多工作[19-20]。这些研究多基于遥感解译、夜间灯光、POI及统计数据开展,综合运用数理统计分析、地理信息空间分析、景观格局指数、分形理论、紧凑度模型和重心模型等方法[11,19,21],实现了对建成区扩张形态、结构、方位等空间特性的刻画和动态演变过程的数值复现,系统地揭示了目标研究区内城市建成区扩张的时空特征[8]。这为研究建成区时空特征识别部分的开展,提供了方法借鉴和思路指引。
综上所述,现从优化的局地最佳阈值法入手,综合利用夜间灯光和Landsat系列数据,定量提取白洋淀流域35个县(市、区)四期的城市建成区信息,其后利用城市扩张指数和景观格局指数,分析白洋淀流域建成区扩张的时空特征。相比于同类型的其他研究,调整局地最佳阈值法的操作流程,提高了其在小型城市建成区提取上的适用性和精确度。研究成果可为类似研究开展提供方法和思路借鉴,也可为白洋淀流域城市建成区的管理和发展提供参考。
白洋淀流域系指潴龙河、孝义河、唐河、府河、漕河、瀑河、萍河、白沟引河(含南拒马河与白河)、赵王新河的干支流流经的河北省行政区域,共涉及保定市全域、张家口市、石家庄市、沧州市等辖属的35个县(市、区)。该流域位处华北平原西北部,总面积约5.7万km2,西部地势高,为太行山区,主要有蔚县、逐鹿县、涞源县、涞水县和阜平县等;中部为平原区,主要有保定市及石家庄市辖属的部分县(市、区);东南为白洋淀淀区,是国家重点保护湿地和华北平原最大淡水湖泊,地理位置如图1所示。第七次人口普查结果显示流域总人口超千万,2022年国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP)超4 000亿元。
白洋淀流域是以水系为联系组成的自然社会综合体,其涵盖的城市在地形、规模、经济、人口等方面具有显著的梯度差异,因而流域内不同城市建成区的时空演变也更具复杂性[22]。此外,该流域是雄安新区的水源涵养地和未来发展的空间腹地,新区建设势必对流域内其他城市发展产生影响。探究白洋淀流域城市建成区时空演变特征,对白洋淀流域及新区规划和建设具有参考意义。综上,选取白洋淀流域为研究区具有一定研究典型性和现实价值。
夜间灯光数据具备较优的数据连续性、即时性和对人类聚居区的高度敏感性,因而被广泛应用于城市建成区提取[8,14]。研究所使用的中国长时间序列逐年人造夜间灯光数据集(PANNDA)来自国家青藏高原科学数据中心(https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/),该系列数据在长时序的建成区识别方面优于传统的DMSP和NPP夜间灯光数据[23],数据分辨率为1 km。借助ArcGIS 10.7软件平台进行投影转换等预处理。
Landsat系列数据具备较优的分辨率(30 m)和数据连续性,被广泛用于长时序土地利用/覆被数据产品制备。研究所用1990年、2000年、2010年Landsat 4-5/TM和2020年的Landsat 8/OL遥感影像来自中科院地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/)。借助ENVI 5.3和ArcGIS 10.7软件平台进行投影、波段提取、影像合成、拼接镶嵌、裁剪等预处理,采用目视判读和人机交互解译的方式提取白洋淀流域建设用地数据,经检验四期数据精度均在85%以上,可用于研究使用。
精度对比中使用Zhao等[24]制备的1992—2020年全球数据集(Global Dataset of Annual Urban Extents,AUE_NTL),下载于(https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16602224.v1)。该数据集基于夜光聚类算法制备,数据分辨率为1 km。
研究所使用的社会统计数据来自《河北统计年鉴》及各市统计年鉴。
局地最佳阈值法基本思想:以夜间灯光数据为空间指引,以辅助数据(研究中常用统计年鉴中的建成区面积)为城市建成区面积控制量进行判定和提取[15]。具体操作:首先,设定一个初始灯光阈值,提取超过该阈值的夜间灯光像元并计算面积;其次,将该面积数值与辅助数据进行对比,不断调整阈值以使两者充分接近;最后,当两者面积充分接近时,认定为最佳阈值,并判定超过该阈值对应的灯光像元为城市建成区。操作流程可参考图2(a)蓝色字体部分。
优化的局地最佳阈值法基本思想:以Landsat系列数据解译产品为夜间灯光的最佳阈值提供辅助数据,其后通过两类数据提取结果相互印证以确定最终的城市建成区范围。提取思路和具体操作如图2所示。
(1)Landsat数据处理(Ⅰ~Ⅲ)。基于解译并二值化的地类数据,借助ArcGIS分割各斑块之间的拓扑连接关系,以避免后续操作中受到道路等要素联系造成的干扰。最后人工判读城市主体斑块。叠合卫星地图,选定明显为城市建成区主体的斑块,一般一个城市只有一个主体斑块,研究中发现如藁城区有明显双中心结构的城市,需要划定两个主体块。
(2)初步识别城市建成区(Ⅳ、Ⅴ)。围绕主体斑块以距离d[以0 km为初始值,以0.5 km为单位量逐次递加,经实验d为3 km时,城市面积Sit(第i个城市在t时间点的面积)与可搜集到的社会经济统计数据中的建成区面积数值最为相近]作为缓冲区,其后标注与缓冲区存在相交关系的斑块,初步认定其为城市建成区范围,并以该范围包含的建成区斑块计算城市面积Sit
(3)确定最佳阈值(Ⅵ)。以Sit为数值参考,采用局地最佳阈值法的操作,以确定各研究单元在各期的最佳灯光提取阈值[操作思路可参考图2(a)蓝色字体部分]。其后以最佳灯光阈值提取各研究单位的夜间灯光空间范围,即提取夜间灯光数据中亮度值超过最佳灯光阈值的所有像元空间信息。
(4)确定城市建成区(Ⅶ~Ⅸ)。叠合提取的夜间灯光空间范围和二值化的解译数据,标注后者与前者存在空间相交关系的斑块(空间并集),填补这些斑块中城市绿地、水体等造成的斑块内空隙,认定这些斑块构成的区域为最终的城市建成区。
扩张速度、扩张强度和扩张形态指数是城市扩张相关研究中常用的基础指标[3]。扩张速度指数(urbanization intensive index,UII)可以表示建成区面积在量上的变化,直观地显示建成区变化的动态情况;扩张强度指数(expand intensity index,EII)在UII的基础上引入区域前一时期面积数值,实现了对分析单元的扩张率校准,进而确保不同时期城市扩展情况及趋势的可比性;扩张形态指数(Q)将两期UII对比,展现一段时间内城市建成区相较于自身的扩张信息。
(1)扩张速度指数(UII)。UII被用以描述建成区扩张的绝对速度和规模,可以较好地展现一段时间内建成区扩张的年度情况,计算公式为
UII= S b - S a Δ t
式(1)中:SaSb分别为研究对象前后两个时期的城市建成区面积,km2t为研究SaSb时间跨度,a。
(2)扩张强度指数(EII)。EII被用以描述建成区扩张的相对速度和规模,方便动态分析不同时间节点相对自身前一个时间点规模的变化情况,计算公式为
EII= S b - S a S a 1 Δ t×100%
(3)扩张形态指数(Q)。Q指一定时期内城市建成区的年增速与上一个时期年增速的比值,当Q≥1.2时,为加速型扩张模式;当0<Q≤0.8时,为减速型扩张模式;当0.8<Q<1.2时,为匀速型扩张模式。指数计算公式为
Q= U I I ι 1 U I I ι 0
式(3)中:t0t1分别表示研究时段。
运用上述指数,从流域整体和分县(市、区)两个维度分析流域城市建成区时空演变特征。
景观格局指数是景观生态研究中的常用指数,常被用来表征区域景观的时空特征[25]。景观指数之间具有关联性,通过计算和分析景观指数结果可了解城市空间变化中某些地理要素的时空特征。城市建成区作为典型的人造景观,具备独特的景观结构和功能,可以从景观生态视角探究城市建成区扩张规律[3]。借助Fragstats 4.2软件平台,采用斑块总数量(NP)、景观斑块密度(PD)、平均斑块面积(MPS)、最大斑块指数(LPI)、景观形状指数(LSI)五项指数,综合探讨流域城市建成区破碎化情况,进而分析研究流域城市建成区扩张时空演变特征。具体公式如表1所示。
运用优化的局地最佳阈值法,最终提取到白洋淀流域四期城市建成区总面积322.77、465.19、622.98和821.38 km2,分别占白洋淀流域全域的0.57%、0.81%、1.09%和1.44%,1990—2020年间建成区增长率达154.48%,城市空间呈现明显扩张趋势。提取结果(图3)显示流域内各城市建成区规模异质性大,以2020年为例,面积较大的6个县(市、区)为莲池区、竞秀区、藁城区、任丘市、涿州区和高碑店市,占总城市建成区面积的43.65%;而面积较小的阜平县、顺平县、行唐县、涞水县、博野县、容城县6个县面积占总城市建成区面积的6.21%,其他三期情况类似。分析流域四期城市建成区的空间分布情况,发现流域内“正定—涿州”线两侧城市建成区规模异质性大,左侧阜平、涞水、涞源、灵寿、曲阳、顺平、唐县、蔚县、行唐、易县和涿鹿共11个县行政面积占流域面积的41.71%,而其4期城市建成区总面积与流域城市建成区面积的比值均低于15%;左侧区域在城市建成区每10年增量稳定在24 km2左右,而流域整体城市建成区每10年增量在提高,即左侧建成区扩张对总量的贡献度低于右侧。
提取到各期建成区数据后,为了解优化方法的精度,使用AUE_NTL数据集、局地最佳阈值法提取结果与优化后的局地最佳阈值法提取结果进行比对,并以2020年遥感影像和统计数据进行精度验证。为方便制图表达,综合考虑城市规模及地形因素,仅以2020年流域内相对小型[图4(b)阜平县(山区)]、中型[图4(c)无极县(平原)]、大型[图4(d)藁城区(平原)]城市为例重点展示。
图4显示,AUE_NTL数据集在无极县、阜平县这样中小型建成区提取精度较差,且无法提取到行唐、望都、深泽等县城市建成区。局地最佳阈值法提取的建成区多为团块状且范围更大,易将建成区周围区域或区域内其他夜间灯光亮度高点纳入提取结果,这与传统方法的弊端和夜间灯光外溢性相关。优化的局地最佳阈值法克服了上述数据集和提取方法的弊端,可精细地刻画出城市建成区范围。
通过与遥感影像和建成区统计数据对比,发现优化的局地最佳阈值法提取结果在数值上往往低于统计数据。此外,需要说明的是,由于1990年和2000年流域内众多县(区、市)无可供参考的建成区面积(即辅助数据),故上述两个年份中无法使用传统的局地最佳阈值法,而其他年份也存在个别辅助数据缺失问题。
总体而言,相较局地最佳阈值法,优化后的局地最佳阈值法有更优的研究适用性,主要体现在两个方面:一是减小了夜间灯光数据因像元过大造成的误差,城市建成区边界刻画更为精细合理,使得该方法亦可用于小型城市研究;二是突破了部分城市长时序辅助数据缺失或难以获取的局限,拓展了该方法在长时序研究中的适用性。
将白洋淀流域城市建成区视为一个统一整体,计算不同段时间段各指数数值(表2)。前两期UII数值在15左右,2010—2020年间指数为19.84,即研究期内最后十年流域城市建成区扩张速度最快。相对1990年流域城市建成区而言,整个研究期内EII为5.15%,以十年为一期数值则分别为4.41%、3.39%和3.18%,即随着城市建成区的持续扩张,流域整体扩张强度有所下降。城市扩张形态指数方面可以计算两期数值,结果显示2000—2010年相比1990—2000年处于匀速型扩张模式,2010—2020年相比2000—2010年处于加速型扩张模式,这一结论与UII数值结果相互印证。
为更全面地分析和描述流域城市扩张的时空特征,分县(市、区)计算相关指数结果如图5所示。白洋淀流域各单元UII存在差异性,如图5(a)所示,1990—2000年、2000—2010年以及2010—2020年三期各单元UII分别位于0.03~1.74、0.03~2.43和0.02~3.92区间,1990—2020年时期内各单元UII位于0.11~2.48区间。计算三期UII标准差分别为0.31、0.49和0.81,反映出流域内各单元扩张速度总体差距趋于增大,显著的如莲池区、竞秀区、藁城区各期UII均较大,扩张速度快,而阜平县、行唐县、唐县等各期UII均较小,扩张速度慢。利用自然断点法将1990—2020年各单元的UII分为五类,如图5(b)所示,其中高指数和较高指数单元有竞秀区、莲池区、满城区和藁城区,处于区域中部和南部,共同点为市区组成部分,具有聚集特征。中指数区有正定县和徐水区,两者毗邻高指数和较高指数区,此外中指数单元还有涿州市、高碑店市、任丘市,三者是位于流域东北部和东部的县级市。低指数和较低指数区分布于流域中西部的大片区域,分别有16和9个县(市、区)。分析UII分布情况可以发现流域内城市扩张速度指数较高的多为市辖区或县级市,区域中心城市(保定市、石家庄)的市辖区相对于其他城市单元有较高的扩张速度。
EII结果如图5(c)所示,由于初始面积的引入,研究区内各单元各期EII情况复杂,同一单元不同时段指数变化较大。1990—2020年时间段各单元EII值在3%~20%,利用自然断点法对1990—2020年流域各县区EII分类如图5(d)所示,可以观察各值域空间分布较分散。徐水区、安新县属高EII区,西部的灵寿县、蠡县、涞源县有较高EII,除徐水区外,该类城市初始面积较小,研究期内较小面积的城市扩张即可有较高EII。值得注意的是,行唐县、蔚县和安新县2000—2020年期间城市EII指数并不高,而1990—2000年期间EII指数均超10%,扩张强度阶段性明显。总体而言,西部山区县区强度指数均较高,这与各区县初始城市面积密切相关。EII与UII空间分布存在一定差异,但流域中部的曲阳县、唐县、顺平县、望都县和北部涞水县、容城县的上述两指数均低。
图5(e)所示,对比两期城市扩张形态指数结果,可分为“加速-加速”“加速-匀速”“加速-减速”等九类。如图5(f)所示,其中“加速-加速”和“加速-匀速”类型有6个县(市、区),该类城市具有明显的扩张态势;“减速-减速”和“减速-匀速”类型有安国市、曲阳县和易县,此类城市建成区扩张态势趋缓。其余各类型数量相似,空间上北部相对南部扩张态势略强。
综合各项指数发现1990—2020年期间保定市的竞秀区、莲池区、徐水区和石家庄市周边的正定县、藁城区建成区扩张显著且具有较强的扩张趋势,反映了这两个行政中心城市是区域城市扩张的重要增长极和中心极,具有空间集聚和中心邻近性,在未来的发展中,应特别关注该类城市的建成区扩张。而位于西部太行山区的涿鹿县、蔚县、涞源县、涞水县、阜平县等,虽然在个别时间段有较高的扩张强度,但因地形、经济、人口等限制,初始建成区面积小且扩张速度较慢。
将白洋淀流域1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年4期的城市建成区看作统一景观,计算结果如表3所示。研究期内流域城市建成区NP数值即斑块数量先增后减,反映出1990—2010年的20年间流域内城市快速扩张的同时出现新的“建成区增长核心”,并且新核心的新生速度超过了既有建成区合并的速度。2010—2020年期间随着城市建成区持续蔓延,城市周边的建成区斑块被合并或连接,斑块数量的减少表明城市从疏离向相邻的统一城市实体转移,这一特征在莲池区、竞秀区、高碑店市等相对较大的城市建成区上较为明显。NP特征也解释MSP的变化,2010年前MSP波动中小幅度上升,其间建成区面积虽然明显增加但新增长核的出现抵消了一部分MSP的增加;2010—2020年中MSP剧烈增长源于NP的减少和城市面积的快速增加。
PD和LPI呈现相反的趋势,前者趋于缩小,且在2010—2020年期间数值变化剧烈,分析为相应时期NP及MSP的增加造成这一趋势,同时这一趋势也揭示流域各县区城市发展中相对自身布局更加紧凑。依据提取结果可知莲池区、竞秀区组成的保定市主城区即为LPI反映的最大斑块,2000—2010年的较大增幅反映了该斑块的增长在整个流域中具有一定优势度。2010—2020年有较小数值增幅,原因在于期间流域城市总面积的增长和保定市主城区的扩张存在一定抵消作用。LSI指数先增后减,反映了城市建成区边界由规整到复杂再到规整的总体趋势。综合各指数情况可知:1990—2020年期间,流域城市建成区景观破碎化程度先升后降,建成区扩张中呈现“分散-融合”的空间特征,建成区边界呈现“规整-复杂-规整”的演变特征。
从优化的局地最佳阈值法入手,综合运用城市扩张指数、景观指数分析了白洋淀流域城市建成区扩张的时空特征,主要结论如下。
(1)结合夜间灯光和Landsat两类遥感数据的特性,对局地最佳阈值法操作流程进行了优化调整,其后运用优化的局地最佳阈值法提取了白洋淀流域4期的城市建成区信息。经验证,优化后的局地最佳阈值法有更高的城市建成区提取精度和研究范围适用性。
(2)白洋淀流域4期城市建成区总面积分别为322.77、465.19、622.98和821.38 km2,增长率达154.48%,建成区扩张显著。流域内35个城市的建成区规模异质性大,规模较大的6个县(市、区)城市建成区占流域内全部城市建成区域面积的40%以上。流域内“正定—涿州”线左右两侧行政区面积差距较小,但城市建成区的初始规模和扩张程度差距较大。
(3)时序特征上,白洋淀流域城市建成区扩张呈现阶段性特征,2010—2020年期间城市扩张速度高于其他时段,流域总体呈现加速扩张特征,各单元扩张速度差距趋于增大。空间特征上,“正定—涿州”线左侧城市建成区扩张速度低于右侧;围绕保定市区和流域外的石家庄市区,扩张的态势较强县(市、区)出现一定的中心邻近性;市辖区或县级市建成区扩张速度较高。流域内城市建成区在扩张中呈现“分散-融合”的空间特征,城市建成区边界呈现“规整-复杂-规整”的趋势。
夜间灯光数据记录了城市甚至更小规模人口聚集区、车流、火灾等发出的微弱光亮,对城市空间分布具有独特的指示作用[11-12],学者们利用该类数据在城市建成区时空特征研究方面也有了丰富的成果[13]。通过引入Landsat系列数据,调整和优化了局地最佳阈值法的操作流程,突破了原方法在小型城市辅助数据可得性不足的限制,使得该方法在小型城市建成区提取上也具有了适用性。此外,多类数据结合的操作流程,也可降低某一类数据自身缺陷对研究结果的干扰,有助于提高提取精度[26-27]。但研究仍存在如下不足。
(1)城市建成区的判定和提取仍是值得深入讨论的问题。基于优化的局地最佳阈值法,仅以白洋淀流域为例进行了方法应用。但该方法一些操作细节和参数确定仍需更多探讨和实证,未来可从多尺度或其他典型研究区入手开展后续研究。
(2)仅对白洋淀流域内各城市建成区的时空特征进行了描述分析,对其演化机制关注仍不足。未来研究中可考虑寻求其他可用数据,探究目标研究区内城市建成区演化的驱动因素,以期更好了解城市建成区动态演化的内在机理。
  • 河北省社会科学基金(HB22GL030)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Kuang W, Du G, Lu D, et al. Global observation of urban expansion and land-cover dynamics using satellite big-data[J]. Science Bulletin, 2021, 66(4): 297-300.
[2]
Zhou Y, Wu T, Wang Y. Urban expansion simulation and development-oriented zoning of rapidly urbanising areas: a case study of Hangzhou[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 807: 150813.
[3]
杨婉清, 杨鹏, 孙晓, 等. 北京市景观格局演变及其对多种生态系统服务的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2022, 42(16): 6487-6498.
Yang Wanqing, Yang Peng, Sun Xiao, et al. Changes of landscape pattern and its impacts on multiple ecosystem services in Beijing[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022, 42(16): 6487-6498.
[4]
余瑞, 鲁珊, 郑志元, 等. 城市扩张对区域生态安全格局影响研究——以合肥市为例[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(26): 11327-11337.
Yu Rui, Lu Shan, Zheng Zhiyuan, et al. Impact of urban expansion on regional ecological security pattern: a case study of Hefei City[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(26): 11327-11337.
[5]
Jiang H, Guo H, Sun Z, et al. Projections of urban built-up area expansion and urbanization sustainability in China’s cities through 2030[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022, 367: 133086.
[6]
Xu Z, Jiao L, Lan T, et al. Mapping hierarchical urban boundaries for global urban settlements[J]. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 2021, 103: 102480.
[7]
徐智邦, 焦利民, 王玉. 1988—2018年中国城市实体地域与行政地域用地扩张对比[J]. 地理学报, 2022, 77(10): 2514-2528.
Xu Zhibang, Jiao Limin, Wang Yu. Comparison of urban land expansion between urban physical and administrative areas in China from 1988 to 2018[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(10): 2514-2528.
[8]
余柏蒗, 王丛笑, 宫文康, 等. 夜间灯光遥感与城市问题研究: 数据、方法、应用和展望[J]. 遥感学报, 2021, 25(1): 342-364.
Yu Boliang, Wang Congxiao, Gong Wenkang, et al. Nighttime light remote sensing and urban studies: data, methods, applications, and prospects[J]. National Remote Sensing Bulletin, 2021, 25: 342-364.
[9]
胡苗苗, 闫庆武, 李建辉. 基于DMSP/OLS和NPP/VIIRS夜光影像的中原城市群城市扩张的时空演变及驱动力分析[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2024, 36(1): 189-199.
Hu Miaomiao, Yan Qingwu, Li Jianhui. Analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution of urban expansion in the Central Plains urban agglomeration and its driving force based on DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime light images[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(1): 189-199.
[10]
唐常春, 陈珈琪, 谢昀霏, 等. 基于多源大数据的长株潭城市群城镇建成区综合集成识别与空间分异机制[J]. 经济地理, 2024, 44(1): 66-76.
Tang Changchun, Chen Jiaqi, Xie Yunfei, et al. Integrated identification and spatial differentiation mechanism of urban built-up area in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration based on the multi-source big data[J]. Economic Geography, 2024, 44(1): 66-76.
[11]
司文涛, 张宁慧, 叶海鹏, 等. 基于长时间序列夜间灯光数据的京津冀城市群城市化过程[J]. 资源科学, 2022, 44(10): 2114-2124.
Si Wentao, Zhang Ninghui, Ye Haipeng, et al. Urbanization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in China based on long-term nighttime light data[J]. Resources Science, 2022, 44(10): 2114-2124.
[12]
Liu J, Jiao L, Zhang B, et al. New indices to capture the evolution characteristics of urban expansion structure and form[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2021, 122: 107302.
[13]
Henderson M, Yeh E, Gong P, et al. Validation of urban boundaries derived from global night-time satellite imagery[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2003, 24: 595-609.
[14]
Zheng Q, Seto K C, Zhou Y, et al. Nighttime light remote sensing for urban applications: progress, challenges, and prospects[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2023, 202: 125-141.
[15]
郑沐辰, 许刚, 肖锐, 等. 城市夜间灯光强度空间衰减规律及应用[J]. 地理科学进展, 2022, 41(7): 1251-1260.
Zheng Muchen, Xu Gang, Xiao Rui, et al. Distance decay of nighttime lights from urban centers and its application[J]. Progress in Geography, 2022, 41(7): 1251-1260.
[16]
Xu Y, Hao S, Cui Y, et al. Analysis of the spatiotemporal expansion and pattern evolution of urban areas in Anhui Province, China, based on nighttime light data[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2023, 157: 111283.
[17]
贺军亮, 关子琼, 张振冉, 等. 郑州市主城区空间形态信息提取与特征分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2022, 47(12): 105-111, 164.
He Junliang, Guan Ziqiong, Zhang Zhenran, et al. Extraction and feature analysis of urban spatial pattern in downtown of Zhengzhou City[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2022, 47(12): 105-111, 164.
[18]
Huang X, Yang J, Li J, et al. Urban functional zone mapping by integrating high spatial resolution nighttime light and daytime multi-view imagery[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2021, 175: 403-415.
[19]
Yang Y, Liu Y, Li Y, et al. Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion in Beijing during 1985—2013 with rural-urban development transformation[J]. Land Use Policy, 2018, 74: 220-230.
[20]
Xie H, Zhang Y, Duan K. Evolutionary overview of urban expansion based on bibliometric analysis in Web of Science from 1990 to 2019[J]. Habitat International, 2020, 95: 102100.
[21]
徐涛, 于欢, 孔博, 等. 基于夜间灯光数据的川渝城市建成区时空动态[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(35): 15152-15159.
Xu Tao, Yu Huan, Kong Bo, et al. Research on the temporal and spatial dynamics of Sichuan-Chongqing urban built-up area based on nighttime light data[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(35): 15152-15159.
[22]
高星, 宋昭颖, 李晨曦, 等. 基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 174-183.
Gao Xing, Song Zhaoying, Li Chenxi, et al. Landscape pattern optimization in Baiyangdian Basin based on landscape ecological risk assessment[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(2): 174-183.
[23]
Zhang L, Ren Z, Chen B, et al. A prolonged artificial nighttime-light dataset of China (1984—2020)[J]. Scientific Data, 2024, 11(1): 414.
[24]
Zhao M, Cheng C, Zhou Y, et al. A global dataset of annual urban extents (1992—2020) from harmonized nighttime lights[J]. Earth System Science Data, 2022, 14(2): 517-534.
[25]
邬建国. 景观生态学:格局, 过程, 尺度与等级[M]. 2版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2007.
Wu Jianguo. Landscape ecology:pattern, process, scale and hierarchy[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2007.
[26]
Xue B, Xiao X, Li J, et al. Multi-source data-driven identification of urban functional areas: a case of Shenyang, China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2023, 33(1): 21-35.
[27]
Li X, Song Y, Liu H, et al. Extraction of urban built-up areas using nighttime light (NTL) and multi-source data: a case study in Dalian City, China[J]. Land, 2023, 12(2): 495.
2025年第25卷第1期
PDF下载
365
139
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364
  • 接收时间:2023-10-26
  • 首发时间:2025-07-29
  • 出版时间:2025-01-08
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-26
  • 修回日期:2024-07-04
基金
河北省社会科学基金(HB22GL030)
作者信息
    1.河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 石家庄 050061
    2.河北经贸大学城乡融合发展协同创新中心, 石家庄 050061
    3.河北经贸大学城市可持续与创新发展研究中心, 石家庄 050061
    4.河北省经济社会发展地理信息大数据平台,石家庄 050061
    5.河北省自然资源利用规划院, 石家庄 050051

通讯作者:

* 申伟宁(1985—),男,汉族,河北邢台人,博士,助理研究员。研究方向:区域高质量发展。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kxjsygc/CN/10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2308364
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏