Article(id=1156908037400252755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156907871645556837, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2309410, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1701187200000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-29, revisedDate=1719158400000, revisedDateStr=2024-06-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753757970427, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1737993600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753757970427, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753757970427, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753757970427, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156907871645556837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='3', pageStart='879', pageEnd='1312', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753757930909, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765095544280, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1204461268821320541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156907871645556837, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1204461268825514846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156907871645556837, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1214, endPage=1224, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156908038784373078, articleId=1156908037400252755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Asphalt Mixture Performance Prediction Method Based on BP Neural Network Optimized by Genetic Algorithm, columnId=1156262728772735295, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Traffics and Transportations, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
To achieve rapid and reliable prediction of asphalt mixture performance, a method for predicting asphalt mixture performance by optimizing the back propagation (BP) neural network with a genetic algorithm (GA) from the perspective of material composition design was proposed. Initially, a grey relational analysis method was employed to reduce the dimensionality of multidimensional input variables, identifying the core influencing factors of asphalt mixture performance. Subsequently, integrating the GA, a GA-BP neural network prediction model was constructed with the core influencing factors as the input layer and asphalt mixture performance as the output layer. The model underwent training, validation analysis, and prediction generalization application. A comparison with the training effectiveness and prediction accuracy of the BP neural network was conducted to verify the accuracy of the GA-BP neural network model. The research results indicate that the grey relational degrees of eight performance characteristics, including air void, asphalt-aggregate ratio, nominal maximum aggregate size, 4.75 mm passing rate, asphalt type, softening point, penetration, and ductility, are all greater than 0.6, signifying their significant impact on asphalt mixture performance. Compared to the BP neural network model, the GA-BP neural network model reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) by 16% to 31%, decreases the mean absolute error (MAE) by 15% to 24%, and improves the R2 value by 0.01 to 0.27, indicating that it has better learning and fitting capabilities. The prediction accuracy for dynamic modulus, dynamic stability, residual stability, splitting tensile strength ratio, and ultimate bending strain of the asphalt mixture is respectively enhanced by 35.26%, 47.78%, 23.13%, 31.92%, and 35.75%, revealing the superior generalization application capability of the GA-BP neural network model. The research findings provide essential references for the rapid prediction of asphalt mixture performance and guidance in the design of asphalt mixture material composition.
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为实现沥青混合料性能的快速可靠预测,从材料组成设计角度出发,提出了一种基于遗传算法(genetic algorithm, GA)优化反向传播(back propagation, BP)神经网络的沥青混合料性能预测方法。首先运用灰关联分析方法对多维输入变量进行降维处理,确定了沥青混合料性能的核心影响因素,然后结合遗传算法(GA),构建了以核心影响因素为输入层、沥青混合料性能为输出层的GA-BP神经网络预测模型,再对模型进行训练验证分析与预测泛化应用,同时与BP神经网络的训练效果和预测精度进行对比,验证GA-BP神经网络模型的准确性。研究结果表明:空隙率、油石比、公称最大粒径、4.75 mm通过率、沥青种类、软化点、针入度、延度等8项性能特征的灰关联度r>0.6,对沥青混合料性能影响显著;相比于BP神经网络模型,经过GA优化后的BP神经网络模型的均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)降低了16%~31%,平均绝对误差(mean absolute error, MAE)降低了15%~24%,R2 值提升了0.01~0.27,说明其具有更好的学习拟合能力;在对沥青混合料动态模量、动稳定度、残留稳定度、劈裂抗拉强度比和极限弯拉应变的预测精度上分别提高了35.26%、47.78%、23.13%、31.92%、35.75%,说明GA-BP神经网络模型具有更强的泛化应用能力。研究成果为实现沥青混合料性能的快速预测、指导沥青混合料材料组成设计提供重要参考。
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盛佳豪(2000—),男,汉族,湖南益阳人,博士研究生。研究方向:道路工程。E-mail:JiaH_Sheng@163.com。
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17(12): 2629-2637., articleTitle=Dynamic scheduling on multi-objective flexible job shop, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1204780276917445211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, awardId=2021YFB2601000, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2601000), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1204780277018108509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, awardId=52278437, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52278437), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1204780277097800288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, awardId=52208423, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52208423), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1204780277177492068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, awardId=kq2306009, language=CN, fundingSource=长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划(kq2306009), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1204780263994794265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1204780264007377178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, companyId=1204780263994794265, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1204780264015765788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, companyId=1204780263994794265, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院, 长沙 410114)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1204780268084240842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Gray correlation analysis process, figureFileSmall=zu1Bqy/FBfEtTPaGresfCA==, figureFileBig=58wtBFqyQ8r94OeH5JReSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780268210069969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
灰关联分析流程, figureFileSmall=zu1Bqy/FBfEtTPaGresfCA==, figureFileBig=58wtBFqyQ8r94OeH5JReSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780268327510490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Sketch of BP neural network structure, figureFileSmall=gwNkaxFUI2aWbZh/b0NVqw==, figureFileBig=1mOLJQk1MYbYRW5bsA/KiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780268465922527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
BP神经网络结构简图, figureFileSmall=gwNkaxFUI2aWbZh/b0NVqw==, figureFileBig=1mOLJQk1MYbYRW5bsA/KiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780270357553636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
BP neural network design process, figureFileSmall=yQUgGo8NvNj4xf4CnqORgw==, figureFileBig=RmuW7JLHje8DCb6WFyT9iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780270470799850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
BP神经网络设计流程, figureFileSmall=yQUgGo8NvNj4xf4CnqORgw==, figureFileBig=RmuW7JLHje8DCb6WFyT9iw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780270579851760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Structure of BP neural network model, figureFileSmall=y6M0v7INZW654cPtC20sbQ==, figureFileBig=Lk1E06GO43L2boxSu1ZDiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780270739235325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
BP神经网络模型结构图 Wi表示输入层与隐含层之间的连接权重;Wk表示隐含层与输出层之间的连接权重;x、u、y分别代表输入层、隐含层和输出层神经元
, figureFileSmall=y6M0v7INZW654cPtC20sbQ==, figureFileBig=Lk1E06GO43L2boxSu1ZDiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780270869258756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Flow of GA-BP neural network algorithm, figureFileSmall=SbSF7Wi1dZZriv7Kehi1BQ==, figureFileBig=Iihn/+8yz4ZnNA5wRsh7hA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780272073024007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
GA-BP神经网络算法流程, figureFileSmall=SbSF7Wi1dZZriv7Kehi1BQ==, figureFileBig=Iihn/+8yz4ZnNA5wRsh7hA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780272182075912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Comparison of predicted and measured values performance, figureFileSmall=kalUUmXH4v/F0CJ2tn3mBw==, figureFileBig=ob/wTJAmMz+fxPFWnT311A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780272303710733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
预测值与实测值对比
, figureFileSmall=kalUUmXH4v/F0CJ2tn3mBw==, figureFileBig=ob/wTJAmMz+fxPFWnT311A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1204780272379208209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Asphalt mixture composition and its performance
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 性能 | 指标类型 | 总计 |
| 原材料性能 | 软化点、延度、公称最大粒径、针入度、沥青相对密度、吸水率、沥青种类、矿粉表观密度、细集料棱角性 | 9项 |
| 沥青混合料细观性能 | 4.75 mm通过率、油石比、空隙率 | 3项 |
| 沥青混合料宏观性能 | 动态模量、动稳定度、残留稳定度、劈裂抗拉强度比、极限弯拉应变 | 5项 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780272442122773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
沥青混合料材料组成及其性能
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 性能 | 指标类型 | 总计 |
| 原材料性能 | 软化点、延度、公称最大粒径、针入度、沥青相对密度、吸水率、沥青种类、矿粉表观密度、细集料棱角性 | 9项 |
| 沥青混合料细观性能 | 4.75 mm通过率、油石比、空隙率 | 3项 |
| 沥青混合料宏观性能 | 动态模量、动稳定度、残留稳定度、劈裂抗拉强度比、极限弯拉应变 | 5项 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780272521814554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Asphalt mixture properties gray correlation calculation results
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 子序列特征项 | 性能 |
| 动态模量 | | 动稳定度 | | 残留稳定度 | | 劈裂抗拉强度比 | | 极限弯拉应变 |
| ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 |
| 空隙率 | 0.872 | 1 | | 0.807 | 4 | | 0.861 | 1 | | 0.861 | 1 | | 0.858 | 1 |
| 公称最大粒径 | 0.845 | 2 | | 0.805 | 5 | | 0.795 | 4 | | 0.840 | 4 | | 0.807 | 4 |
| 油石比 | 0.809 | 3 | | 0.809 | 3 | | 0.803 | 3 | | 0.813 | 5 | | 0.835 | 2 |
| 4.75 mm通过率 | 0.807 | 4 | | 0.778 | 6 | | 0.769 | 6 | | 0.850 | 3 | | 0.798 | 5 |
| 针入度 | 0.805 | 5 | | 0.687 | 8 | | 0.781 | 5 | | 0.853 | 2 | | 0.812 | 3 |
| 延度 | 0.778 | 6 | | 0.754 | 7 | | 0.767 | 7 | | 0.805 | 6 | | 0.780 | 7 |
| 沥青种类 | 0.754 | 7 | | 0.872 | 1 | | 0.818 | 2 | | 0.738 | 7 | | 0.784 | 6 |
| 软化点 | 0.687 | 8 | | 0.845 | 2 | | 0.715 | 8 | | 0.679 | 8 | | 0.691 | 8 |
| 细集料棱角性 | 0.542 | 9 | | 0.587 | 9 | | 0.573 | 10 | | 0.558 | 10 | | 0.562 | 10 |
| 吸水率 | 0.538 | 10 | | 0.581 | 10 | | 0.582 | 9 | | 0.563 | 9 | | 0.552 | 12 |
| 沥青相对密度 | 0.525 | 11 | | 0.565 | 12 | | 0.568 | 11 | | 0.552 | 11 | | 0.559 | 11 |
| 矿粉表观相对密度 | 0.521 | 12 | | 0.574 | 11 | | 0.545 | 12 | | 0.549 | 12 | | 0.578 | 9 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780272618283551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
沥青混合料性能灰关联度计算结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 子序列特征项 | 性能 |
| 动态模量 | | 动稳定度 | | 残留稳定度 | | 劈裂抗拉强度比 | | 极限弯拉应变 |
| ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 | ri | 排序 |
| 空隙率 | 0.872 | 1 | | 0.807 | 4 | | 0.861 | 1 | | 0.861 | 1 | | 0.858 | 1 |
| 公称最大粒径 | 0.845 | 2 | | 0.805 | 5 | | 0.795 | 4 | | 0.840 | 4 | | 0.807 | 4 |
| 油石比 | 0.809 | 3 | | 0.809 | 3 | | 0.803 | 3 | | 0.813 | 5 | | 0.835 | 2 |
| 4.75 mm通过率 | 0.807 | 4 | | 0.778 | 6 | | 0.769 | 6 | | 0.850 | 3 | | 0.798 | 5 |
| 针入度 | 0.805 | 5 | | 0.687 | 8 | | 0.781 | 5 | | 0.853 | 2 | | 0.812 | 3 |
| 延度 | 0.778 | 6 | | 0.754 | 7 | | 0.767 | 7 | | 0.805 | 6 | | 0.780 | 7 |
| 沥青种类 | 0.754 | 7 | | 0.872 | 1 | | 0.818 | 2 | | 0.738 | 7 | | 0.784 | 6 |
| 软化点 | 0.687 | 8 | | 0.845 | 2 | | 0.715 | 8 | | 0.679 | 8 | | 0.691 | 8 |
| 细集料棱角性 | 0.542 | 9 | | 0.587 | 9 | | 0.573 | 10 | | 0.558 | 10 | | 0.562 | 10 |
| 吸水率 | 0.538 | 10 | | 0.581 | 10 | | 0.582 | 9 | | 0.563 | 9 | | 0.552 | 12 |
| 沥青相对密度 | 0.525 | 11 | | 0.565 | 12 | | 0.568 | 11 | | 0.552 | 11 | | 0.559 | 11 |
| 矿粉表观相对密度 | 0.521 | 12 | | 0.574 | 11 | | 0.545 | 12 | | 0.549 | 12 | | 0.578 | 9 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780272693781027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Results of training metrics with different number of hidden layer neurons
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| 训练指标 | 隐含层神经元个数 |
| k=5 | k=6 | k=7 | k=8 | k=9 | k=10 | k=11 | k=12 | k=13 | k=14 |
| 相关系数 | 0.868 | 0.868 | 0.866 | 0.867 | 0.873 | 0.878 | 0.883 | 0.881 | 0.873 | 0.865 |
| 均方误差 | 0.016 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.011 | 0.016 | 0.014 | 0.017 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780272786055720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
不同隐含层神经元个数训练指标结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 训练指标 | 隐含层神经元个数 |
| k=5 | k=6 | k=7 | k=8 | k=9 | k=10 | k=11 | k=12 | k=13 | k=14 |
| 相关系数 | 0.868 | 0.868 | 0.866 | 0.867 | 0.873 | 0.878 | 0.883 | 0.881 | 0.873 | 0.865 |
| 均方误差 | 0.016 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.011 | 0.016 | 0.014 | 0.017 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780272886719021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Training metrics for the three algorithms
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沥青混合料 性能 | 算法模型 | 评价指标 |
| RMSE | MAE | R2 |
动态模量/ MPa | GA-BP | 训练集 | 212 | 158 | 0.91 |
| 测试集 | 339 | 226 | 0.83 |
| BP | 训练集 | 309 | 208 | 0.87 |
| 测试集 | 361 | 257 | 0.78 |
动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | GA-BP | 训练集 | 1 275 | 893 | 0.82 |
| 测试集 | 1 710 | 1 233 | 0.70 |
| BP | 训练集 | 1 595 | 1 112 | 0.73 |
| 测试集 | 1 803 | 1 388 | 0.63 |
残留稳定度/ % | GA-BP | 训练集 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0.51 |
| 测试集 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 0.32 |
| BP | 训练集 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 0.24 |
| 测试集 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 0.19 |
劈裂抗拉 强度比/% | GA-BP | 训练集 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 0.49 |
| 测试集 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 0.25 |
| BP | 训练集 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 0.22 |
| 测试集 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 0.16 |
极限弯拉 应变/με | GA-BP | 训练集 | 117 | 78 | 0.72 |
| 测试集 | 150 | 90 | 0.58 |
| BP | 训练集 | 140 | 92 | 0.59 |
| 测试集 | 155 | 96 | 0.57 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273033519668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
3种算法训练指标
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沥青混合料 性能 | 算法模型 | 评价指标 |
| RMSE | MAE | R2 |
动态模量/ MPa | GA-BP | 训练集 | 212 | 158 | 0.91 |
| 测试集 | 339 | 226 | 0.83 |
| BP | 训练集 | 309 | 208 | 0.87 |
| 测试集 | 361 | 257 | 0.78 |
动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | GA-BP | 训练集 | 1 275 | 893 | 0.82 |
| 测试集 | 1 710 | 1 233 | 0.70 |
| BP | 训练集 | 1 595 | 1 112 | 0.73 |
| 测试集 | 1 803 | 1 388 | 0.63 |
残留稳定度/ % | GA-BP | 训练集 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0.51 |
| 测试集 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 0.32 |
| BP | 训练集 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 0.24 |
| 测试集 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 0.19 |
劈裂抗拉 强度比/% | GA-BP | 训练集 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 0.49 |
| 测试集 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 0.25 |
| BP | 训练集 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 0.22 |
| 测试集 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 0.16 |
极限弯拉 应变/με | GA-BP | 训练集 | 117 | 78 | 0.72 |
| 测试集 | 150 | 90 | 0.58 |
| BP | 训练集 | 140 | 92 | 0.59 |
| 测试集 | 155 | 96 | 0.57 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273125794361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Untrained 10 sets of asphalt mixture composition data
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沥青 种类 | 公称最大 粒径/mm | 延度/ cm | 针入度/ 0.1 mm | 空隙率/ % | 软化点/ ℃ | 油石比/ % | 4.75 mm 通过率/ % | 实测性能指标 |
动态模量/ MPa | 动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | 残留稳定 度/% | 抗拉强度 比/% | 极限弯拉 应变/με |
| 1 | 19.0 | 127.0 | 63.0 | 3.9 | 49.0 | 4.1 | 35.3 | 10 459 | 2 033 | 87.7 | 79.5 | 2 366 |
| 1 | 19.0 | 135.0 | 73.0 | 4.0 | 47.5 | 4.2 | 39.4 | 10 651 | 1 695 | 87.9 | 79.0 | 2 402 |
| 1 | 13.2 | 124.0 | 73.0 | 4.2 | 47.5 | 5.0 | 44.2 | 10 289 | 1 296 | 86.2 | 78.7 | 2 350 |
| 2 | 13.2 | 19.2 | 87.0 | 4.0 | 48.2 | 5.2 | 47.2 | 9 780 | 2 067 | 89.2 | 86.1 | 2 265 |
| 2 | 19.0 | 19.2 | 87.0 | 4.3 | 48.2 | 4.5 | 39.0 | 9 525 | 2 207 | 86.3 | 80.3 | 2 460 |
| 2 | 13.2 | 19.2 | 87.0 | 4.0 | 48.2 | 5.2 | 46.4 | 9 843 | 2 228 | 89.5 | 87.1 | 2 463 |
| 3 | 16.0 | 132.0 | 108.0 | 4.3 | 45.0 | 4.8 | 44.0 | 9 000 | 2 126 | 84.7 | 82.2 | 2 604 |
| 3 | 13.2 | 132.0 | 108.0 | 4.2 | 45.0 | 5.2 | 47.1 | 9 100 | 1 820 | 87.2 | 83.6 | 2 674 |
| 4 | 19.0 | 39.0 | 49.0 | 4.0 | 79.2 | 4.5 | 36.8 | 11 572 | 9 357 | 89.5 | 87.6 | 2 577 |
| 4 | 13.2 | 54.0 | 63.0 | 4.1 | 78.0 | 5.1 | 45.1 | 10 490 | 6 456 | 87.3 | 85.5 | 2 615 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273239040576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
未训练的10组沥青混合料组成数据
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沥青 种类 | 公称最大 粒径/mm | 延度/ cm | 针入度/ 0.1 mm | 空隙率/ % | 软化点/ ℃ | 油石比/ % | 4.75 mm 通过率/ % | 实测性能指标 |
动态模量/ MPa | 动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | 残留稳定 度/% | 抗拉强度 比/% | 极限弯拉 应变/με |
| 1 | 19.0 | 127.0 | 63.0 | 3.9 | 49.0 | 4.1 | 35.3 | 10 459 | 2 033 | 87.7 | 79.5 | 2 366 |
| 1 | 19.0 | 135.0 | 73.0 | 4.0 | 47.5 | 4.2 | 39.4 | 10 651 | 1 695 | 87.9 | 79.0 | 2 402 |
| 1 | 13.2 | 124.0 | 73.0 | 4.2 | 47.5 | 5.0 | 44.2 | 10 289 | 1 296 | 86.2 | 78.7 | 2 350 |
| 2 | 13.2 | 19.2 | 87.0 | 4.0 | 48.2 | 5.2 | 47.2 | 9 780 | 2 067 | 89.2 | 86.1 | 2 265 |
| 2 | 19.0 | 19.2 | 87.0 | 4.3 | 48.2 | 4.5 | 39.0 | 9 525 | 2 207 | 86.3 | 80.3 | 2 460 |
| 2 | 13.2 | 19.2 | 87.0 | 4.0 | 48.2 | 5.2 | 46.4 | 9 843 | 2 228 | 89.5 | 87.1 | 2 463 |
| 3 | 16.0 | 132.0 | 108.0 | 4.3 | 45.0 | 4.8 | 44.0 | 9 000 | 2 126 | 84.7 | 82.2 | 2 604 |
| 3 | 13.2 | 132.0 | 108.0 | 4.2 | 45.0 | 5.2 | 47.1 | 9 100 | 1 820 | 87.2 | 83.6 | 2 674 |
| 4 | 19.0 | 39.0 | 49.0 | 4.0 | 79.2 | 4.5 | 36.8 | 11 572 | 9 357 | 89.5 | 87.6 | 2 577 |
| 4 | 13.2 | 54.0 | 63.0 | 4.1 | 78.0 | 5.1 | 45.1 | 10 490 | 6 456 | 87.3 | 85.5 | 2 615 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273348092483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
GA-BP neural network model prediction results and relative error
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 沥青混合料性能预测值 | | 相对误差/% |
动态模量/ MPa | 动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | 残留稳定 度/% | 劈裂抗拉 比/% | 极限弯拉 应变/με | 动态模量 | 动稳定度 | 残留稳定度 | 劈裂抗拉比 | 极限弯拉应变 |
| 10 648 | 2 191 | 86.6 | 81.1 | 2 326 | | 1.81 | 7.77 | 1.25 | 2.01 | 1.69 |
| 10 525 | 1 936 | 88.2 | 80.8 | 2 398 | | 1.18 | 14.22 | 0.34 | 2.28 | 0.17 |
| 10 293 | 1 473 | 87.3 | 82.3 | 2 290 | | 0.04 | 13.66 | 1.28 | 4.57 | 2.55 |
| 9 698 | 2 512 | 88.2 | 85.2 | 2 278 | | 0.84 | 21.53 | 1.12 | 1.05 | 0.57 |
| 9 684 | 2 511 | 87.8 | 83.9 | 2 382 | | 1.67 | 13.77 | 1.74 | 4.48 | 3.17 |
| 9 632 | 2 092 | 88.2 | 85.3 | 2 401 | | 2.14 | 6.10 | 1.45 | 2.07 | 2.52 |
| 8 832 | 2 362 | 85.9 | 82.0 | 2 537 | | 1.87 | 11.10 | 1.42 | 0.24 | 2.57 |
| 8 902 | 2 036 | 87.8 | 84.5 | 2 575 | | 2.18 | 11.87 | 0.69 | 1.08 | 3.70 |
| 11 682 | 8 006 | 89.4 | 86.6 | 2 692 | | 0.95 | 14.44 | 0.11 | 1.14 | 4.46 |
| 10 563 | 6 603 | 88.1 | 85.9 | 2 681 | | 0.70 | 2.28 | 0.92 | 0.47 | 2.52 |
| 最大误差/% | | 2.18 | 21.53 | 1.74 | 4.57 | 4.46 |
| 最小误差/% | | 0.04 | 2.28 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.17 |
| 平均误差/% | | 1.34 | 11.67 | 1.03 | 1.94 | 2.39 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273431978568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
GA-BP神经网络模型预测结果与相对误差
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 沥青混合料性能预测值 | | 相对误差/% |
动态模量/ MPa | 动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | 残留稳定 度/% | 劈裂抗拉 比/% | 极限弯拉 应变/με | 动态模量 | 动稳定度 | 残留稳定度 | 劈裂抗拉比 | 极限弯拉应变 |
| 10 648 | 2 191 | 86.6 | 81.1 | 2 326 | | 1.81 | 7.77 | 1.25 | 2.01 | 1.69 |
| 10 525 | 1 936 | 88.2 | 80.8 | 2 398 | | 1.18 | 14.22 | 0.34 | 2.28 | 0.17 |
| 10 293 | 1 473 | 87.3 | 82.3 | 2 290 | | 0.04 | 13.66 | 1.28 | 4.57 | 2.55 |
| 9 698 | 2 512 | 88.2 | 85.2 | 2 278 | | 0.84 | 21.53 | 1.12 | 1.05 | 0.57 |
| 9 684 | 2 511 | 87.8 | 83.9 | 2 382 | | 1.67 | 13.77 | 1.74 | 4.48 | 3.17 |
| 9 632 | 2 092 | 88.2 | 85.3 | 2 401 | | 2.14 | 6.10 | 1.45 | 2.07 | 2.52 |
| 8 832 | 2 362 | 85.9 | 82.0 | 2 537 | | 1.87 | 11.10 | 1.42 | 0.24 | 2.57 |
| 8 902 | 2 036 | 87.8 | 84.5 | 2 575 | | 2.18 | 11.87 | 0.69 | 1.08 | 3.70 |
| 11 682 | 8 006 | 89.4 | 86.6 | 2 692 | | 0.95 | 14.44 | 0.11 | 1.14 | 4.46 |
| 10 563 | 6 603 | 88.1 | 85.9 | 2 681 | | 0.70 | 2.28 | 0.92 | 0.47 | 2.52 |
| 最大误差/% | | 2.18 | 21.53 | 1.74 | 4.57 | 4.46 |
| 最小误差/% | | 0.04 | 2.28 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.17 |
| 平均误差/% | | 1.34 | 11.67 | 1.03 | 1.94 | 2.39 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273578779212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=
BP neural network model prediction results and relative error
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| 沥青混合料性能预测值 | | 相对误差/% |
动态模量/ MPa | 动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | 残留稳定度/ % | 劈裂抗拉比/ % | 极限弯拉应变/ με | 动态模量 | 动稳定度 | 残留稳定度 | 劈裂抗拉比 | 极限弯拉应变 |
| 10 774 | 2 226 | 87.1 | 81.2 | 2 426 | | 3.01 | 9.49 | 0.65 | 2.19 | 2.54 |
| 10 423 | 2 235 | 87.4 | 81.4 | 2 405 | | 2.14 | 31.91 | 0.57 | 3.07 | 0.13 |
| 10 284 | 1 874 | 88.0 | 82.9 | 2 337 | | 0.05 | 29.62 | 2.09 | 5.27 | 0.54 |
| 9 521 | 2 714 | 87.7 | 84.2 | 2 395 | | 2.64 | 31.33 | 1.67 | 2.25 | 5.75 |
| 9 841 | 2 830 | 88.7 | 85.7 | 2 333 | | 3.32 | 28.23 | 2.82 | 6.77 | 5.13 |
| 9 521 | 2 714 | 87.7 | 84.2 | 2 395 | | 3.26 | 21.84 | 2.00 | 3.37 | 2.75 |
| 9 096 | 2 512 | 86.3 | 82.4 | 2 522 | | 1.07 | 18.18 | 1.85 | 0.26 | 3.10 |
| 8 860 | 2 254 | 86.8 | 82.7 | 2 505 | | 2.62 | 23.84 | 0.42 | 1.12 | 6.28 |
| 11 334 | 6 885 | 89.3 | 85.3 | 2 723 | | 2.05 | 26.41 | 0.25 | 2.57 | 5.69 |
| 10 550 | 6 629 | 88.2 | 84.1 | 2 754 | | 0.57 | 2.68 | 1.03 | 1.60 | 5.31 |
| 最大误差/% | | 3.32 | 31.91 | 2.82 | 6.77 | 6.28 |
| 最小误差/% | | 0.05 | 2.68 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.13 |
| 平均误差/% | | 2.07 | 22.35 | 1.34 | 2.85 | 3.72 |
), ArticleFig(id=1204780273738162769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156908037400252755, language=CN, label=表7, caption=
BP神经网络模型预测结果与相对误差
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 沥青混合料性能预测值 | | 相对误差/% |
动态模量/ MPa | 动稳定度/ (次·mm-1) | 残留稳定度/ % | 劈裂抗拉比/ % | 极限弯拉应变/ με | 动态模量 | 动稳定度 | 残留稳定度 | 劈裂抗拉比 | 极限弯拉应变 |
| 10 774 | 2 226 | 87.1 | 81.2 | 2 426 | | 3.01 | 9.49 | 0.65 | 2.19 | 2.54 |
| 10 423 | 2 235 | 87.4 | 81.4 | 2 405 | | 2.14 | 31.91 | 0.57 | 3.07 | 0.13 |
| 10 284 | 1 874 | 88.0 | 82.9 | 2 337 | | 0.05 | 29.62 | 2.09 | 5.27 | 0.54 |
| 9 521 | 2 714 | 87.7 | 84.2 | 2 395 | | 2.64 | 31.33 | 1.67 | 2.25 | 5.75 |
| 9 841 | 2 830 | 88.7 | 85.7 | 2 333 | | 3.32 | 28.23 | 2.82 | 6.77 | 5.13 |
| 9 521 | 2 714 | 87.7 | 84.2 | 2 395 | | 3.26 | 21.84 | 2.00 | 3.37 | 2.75 |
| 9 096 | 2 512 | 86.3 | 82.4 | 2 522 | | 1.07 | 18.18 | 1.85 | 0.26 | 3.10 |
| 8 860 | 2 254 | 86.8 | 82.7 | 2 505 | | 2.62 | 23.84 | 0.42 | 1.12 | 6.28 |
| 11 334 | 6 885 | 89.3 | 85.3 | 2 723 | | 2.05 | 26.41 | 0.25 | 2.57 | 5.69 |
| 10 550 | 6 629 | 88.2 | 84.1 | 2 754 | | 0.57 | 2.68 | 1.03 | 1.60 | 5.31 |
| 最大误差/% | | 3.32 | 31.91 | 2.82 | 6.77 | 6.28 |
| 最小误差/% | | 0.05 | 2.68 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.13 |
| 平均误差/% | | 2.07 | 22.35 | 1.34 | 2.85 | 3.72 |
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