Article(id=1156907873314886563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156907871645556837, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2400127, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1704297600000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-04, revisedDate=1713974400000, revisedDateStr=2024-04-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1753757931306, onlineDateStr=2025-07-29, pubDate=1737993600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753757931306, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753757931306, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753757931306, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1156907871645556837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='3', pageStart='879', pageEnd='1312', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753757930909, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765095544280, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1204461268821320541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156907871645556837, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1204461268825514846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1156907871645556837, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=942, endPage=952, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1156907875252655026, articleId=1156907873314886563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Based on Zebrafish Model and Network Pharmacology to Investigate the Mechanism of Anti-myocardial Ischemia Action of Potentilla Fruticosa L., columnId=1156262732384031076, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Myocardial ischemia is caused by the incoordination between myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery in coronary artery disease, and due to its high morbidity and mortality rate, the number of patients who die from ischemic heart disease in China is increasing year by year. In order to verify that the active ingredients of Jinlume have anti-myocardial ischemic efficacy. The maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) was determined to be 15.63 μg/mL by the pre-test, and the high school and low dose groups were divided into 7.81 μg/mL (1/2 MTC), 2.60 μg/mL (1/6 MTC) based on the MTC, respectively, 0.868 μg/mL (1/18 MTC), and the positive drug group was N-acetylcysteine (125 μg/mL). With the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, the possible mechanism of action of the active ingredients of Jinlume in inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and slowing down myocardial ischemia was investigated. The results showed that the aqueous extract of Jinlume had significant effects against myocardial ischemia in comparison with the positive drug group by means of zebrafish cardiac fluorescence intensity phenotyping, and its mechanism of action was related to five pathways, namely, Rap1 signaling pathway, cancer pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, lipids, and atherosclerosis. It can be seen that exploring the anti-myocardial ischemic mechanism of the active ingredients of Jinlume has certain theoretical significance for the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia.

, correspAuthors=Yang ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xue-hua TIAN, Wen-ming ZUO, Li-kuan LIU, Jin-ping LI, Yang ZENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1156907946220278424, articleId=1156907873314886563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=基于斑马鱼模型和网络药理学探究金露梅抗心肌缺血作用机制, columnId=1156262732526637414, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·医药、卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

心肌缺血是因为冠状动脉疾病中心肌耗氧量和氧输送间的不协调引起的,由于其高发病率和死亡率,中国死于缺血性心脏病患者的数量逐年递增。为了验证金露梅有效成分具有抗心肌缺血功效,通过前期试验确定最大耐受浓度(maximum tolerance concentration,MTC)为15.63 μg/mL,并依据MTC划分高中低剂量组分别为7.81 μg/mL(1/2 MTC)、2.60 μg/mL(1/6 MTC)、0.868 μg/mL(1/18 MTC),阳性药物组为N-乙酰半胱氨酸(125 μg/mL)。借助网络药理学及分子对接技术的方法研究金露梅有效成分抑制心肌细胞凋亡,减缓心肌缺血的可能作用机制。结果表明:借助斑马鱼心脏荧光强度表型图发现金露梅水提物与阳性药物组对比具有明显的防治心肌缺血功效,而且其作用机制与Rap1信号通路、癌症通路、癌症中的蛋白巨糖、PI3K-Akt信号通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化5条通路有关。可见探究金露梅有效成分的抗心肌缺血机制对防治心肌缺血有一定的理论意义。

, correspAuthors=曾阳, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 曾阳(1964—),男,汉族,河南南阳人,硕士,教授。研究方向:药用植物资源开发利用。E-mail:
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田雪花(1998—),女,回族,宁夏中卫人,硕士研究生。研究方向:藏药提取分离纯化与植物资源利用。E-mail:

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田雪花(1998—),女,回族,宁夏中卫人,硕士研究生。研究方向:藏药提取分离纯化与植物资源利用。E-mail:

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Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2023, 10: 1203713., articleTitle=Research progress of quercetin in cardiovascular disease, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1204542860654780436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, awardId=2023-JZ-749, language=CN, fundingSource=青海省应用基础研究项目(2023-JZ-749), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1204542860738666525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, awardId=2020-2023, language=CN, fundingSource=青海省药用植物资源综合利用与开发研究创新项目(2020-2023), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1204542853524464204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1204542853537047118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, companyId=1204542853524464204, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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黄色虚线标注部分为斑马鱼心脏;放大倍数为80倍

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与模型对照组比较,*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001

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●代表金露梅主要活性成分,●代表靶点蛋白可能对应的通路,■代表药物和疾病的共同的靶点,▼代表药物和疾病,—表示活性成分、靶点、疾病、通路和药物之间的相互作用关系

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Raw data of “concentration-mortality” of water extract of Potentilla fruticosal L.(n=30)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 浓度/
(μg·mL-1)
死亡
数/尾
死亡
率/%
毒性表型
正常对照组 0 0 未见明显异常
模型对照组 0 0 未见明显异常
0.976 0 0 未见明显异常
1.95 0 0 未见明显异常
金露梅
水提物
3.91 0 0 未见明显异常
7.81 1 3.3 未见明显异常
15.63 2 6.7 较模型对照组状态严重(出现心脏淤血、死亡)
), ArticleFig(id=1204542859891418091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

金露梅水提物“浓度-死亡率”原始数据(n=30)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别 浓度/
(μg·mL-1)
死亡
数/尾
死亡
率/%
毒性表型
正常对照组 0 0 未见明显异常
模型对照组 0 0 未见明显异常
0.976 0 0 未见明显异常
1.95 0 0 未见明显异常
金露梅
水提物
3.91 0 0 未见明显异常
7.81 1 3.3 未见明显异常
15.63 2 6.7 较模型对照组状态严重(出现心脏淤血、死亡)
), ArticleFig(id=1204542860038218742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Fluorescence intensity of cardiac apoptotic cells treated with water extract of Potentilla fruticosal L.(n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实验组别 浓度/
(μg·mL-1)
人服用剂量/
(g·d-1)
心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度
(像素,mean ± SE)
心肌缺血
防治功效/%
正常对照组 57 571±3 265***
模型对照组 124 407±9 279
N-乙酰半胱氨酸 125 90 615±5 682** 51
0.868 0.005 100 066±5 972* 36
金露梅水提物 2.60 0.016 97 504±7 589* 40
7.81 0.047 91 591±7 595** 49
), ArticleFig(id=1204542860159853562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

金露梅水提物处理后心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度(n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
实验组别 浓度/
(μg·mL-1)
人服用剂量/
(g·d-1)
心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度
(像素,mean ± SE)
心肌缺血
防治功效/%
正常对照组 57 571±3 265***
模型对照组 124 407±9 279
N-乙酰半胱氨酸 125 90 615±5 682** 51
0.868 0.005 100 066±5 972* 36
金露梅水提物 2.60 0.016 97 504±7 589* 40
7.81 0.047 91 591±7 595** 49
), ArticleFig(id=1204542860281488384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Binding energy of the active component of the water extract of Potentilla fruticosa L. with important targets

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 结合能/(kcal·mol-1)
CASP3
受体蛋白
HSP90AA1
受体蛋白
EGFR
受体蛋白
PGR
受体蛋白
槲皮素 -7.0 -8.9 -5.6 -7.9
绿原酸 -6.4 -5.6 -3.8 -6.3
芹菜素 -6.9 -9.4 -6.4 -7.0
异鼠李素-3-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷 -7.2 -9.7 -5.9 -8.1
山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷 -7.8 -8.4 -6.3 -7.1
), ArticleFig(id=1204542860382150662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1156907873314886563, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

金露梅水提物活性成分与重要靶点的结合能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
化合物 结合能/(kcal·mol-1)
CASP3
受体蛋白
HSP90AA1
受体蛋白
EGFR
受体蛋白
PGR
受体蛋白
槲皮素 -7.0 -8.9 -5.6 -7.9
绿原酸 -6.4 -5.6 -3.8 -6.3
芹菜素 -6.9 -9.4 -6.4 -7.0
异鼠李素-3-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷 -7.2 -9.7 -5.9 -8.1
山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷 -7.8 -8.4 -6.3 -7.1
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基于斑马鱼模型和网络药理学探究金露梅抗心肌缺血作用机制
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田雪花 1 , 左文明 1 , 刘力宽 1, 2 , 李锦萍 1, 2 , 曾阳 1, 2, *
科学技术与工程 | 论文·医药、卫生 2025,25(3): 942-952
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·医药、卫生 2025, 25(3): 942-952
基于斑马鱼模型和网络药理学探究金露梅抗心肌缺血作用机制
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田雪花1 , 左文明1, 刘力宽1, 2, 李锦萍1, 2, 曾阳1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1.青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海省药用动植物资源重点实验室, 西宁 810008
  • 2.高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 西宁 810008
  • 田雪花(1998—),女,回族,宁夏中卫人,硕士研究生。研究方向:藏药提取分离纯化与植物资源利用。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 曾阳(1964—),男,汉族,河南南阳人,硕士,教授。研究方向:药用植物资源开发利用。E-mail:
Based on Zebrafish Model and Network Pharmacology to Investigate the Mechanism of Anti-myocardial Ischemia Action of Potentilla Fruticosa L.
Xue-hua TIAN1 , Wen-ming ZUO1, Li-kuan LIU1, 2, Jin-ping LI1, 2, Yang ZENG1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1. Qinghai Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources, College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
  • 2. Plateau Science and Sustainable Development Institute, Xining 810008, China
出版时间: 2025-01-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2400127
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心肌缺血是因为冠状动脉疾病中心肌耗氧量和氧输送间的不协调引起的,由于其高发病率和死亡率,中国死于缺血性心脏病患者的数量逐年递增。为了验证金露梅有效成分具有抗心肌缺血功效,通过前期试验确定最大耐受浓度(maximum tolerance concentration,MTC)为15.63 μg/mL,并依据MTC划分高中低剂量组分别为7.81 μg/mL(1/2 MTC)、2.60 μg/mL(1/6 MTC)、0.868 μg/mL(1/18 MTC),阳性药物组为N-乙酰半胱氨酸(125 μg/mL)。借助网络药理学及分子对接技术的方法研究金露梅有效成分抑制心肌细胞凋亡,减缓心肌缺血的可能作用机制。结果表明:借助斑马鱼心脏荧光强度表型图发现金露梅水提物与阳性药物组对比具有明显的防治心肌缺血功效,而且其作用机制与Rap1信号通路、癌症通路、癌症中的蛋白巨糖、PI3K-Akt信号通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化5条通路有关。可见探究金露梅有效成分的抗心肌缺血机制对防治心肌缺血有一定的理论意义。

金露梅水提物  /  斑马鱼  /  心肌缺血  /  网络药理学  /  分子机制

Myocardial ischemia is caused by the incoordination between myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery in coronary artery disease, and due to its high morbidity and mortality rate, the number of patients who die from ischemic heart disease in China is increasing year by year. In order to verify that the active ingredients of Jinlume have anti-myocardial ischemic efficacy. The maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) was determined to be 15.63 μg/mL by the pre-test, and the high school and low dose groups were divided into 7.81 μg/mL (1/2 MTC), 2.60 μg/mL (1/6 MTC) based on the MTC, respectively, 0.868 μg/mL (1/18 MTC), and the positive drug group was N-acetylcysteine (125 μg/mL). With the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, the possible mechanism of action of the active ingredients of Jinlume in inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and slowing down myocardial ischemia was investigated. The results showed that the aqueous extract of Jinlume had significant effects against myocardial ischemia in comparison with the positive drug group by means of zebrafish cardiac fluorescence intensity phenotyping, and its mechanism of action was related to five pathways, namely, Rap1 signaling pathway, cancer pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, lipids, and atherosclerosis. It can be seen that exploring the anti-myocardial ischemic mechanism of the active ingredients of Jinlume has certain theoretical significance for the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia.

water extract of Potentilla fruticosa L.  /  zebrafish  /  myocardial ischemia  /  network pharmacology  /  molecular mechanism
田雪花, 左文明, 刘力宽, 李锦萍, 曾阳. 基于斑马鱼模型和网络药理学探究金露梅抗心肌缺血作用机制. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (3) : 942 -952 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2400127
Xue-hua TIAN, Wen-ming ZUO, Li-kuan LIU, Jin-ping LI, Yang ZENG. Based on Zebrafish Model and Network Pharmacology to Investigate the Mechanism of Anti-myocardial Ischemia Action of Potentilla Fruticosa L.[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (3) : 942 -952 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2400127
心血管疾病的发病机制复杂多样,其中心肌缺血是导致心血管类疾病患者死亡的主要因素,近年来心肌缺血性心脏病患病率增长迅速,成为中国仅次于脑血管疾病的第二致死病因, 这严重威胁到中国居民的生活健康[1-3]。心肌缺血( myocardial ischemia,MI) 是因为在冠状动脉疾病中心肌细胞耗氧量和供氧量不匹配造成主动脉供血不足的一种病理状态,严重时甚至会导致死亡[4-5]。现有治疗MI的药物大多为西药,但长期使用会对人体其他脏器造成损伤,甚至形成药物依赖[6-7],大量实验证明,中药因其多成分、多靶点的特点在预防和改善心肌缺血损伤方面受到广泛关注,现已成为解决心肌缺血疾病问题的有效方法[3]。王盼盼等[8]研究发现存在于多种植物中的化学成分槲皮素能有效缓解心肌缺氧性损伤,改善心肌缺血后线粒体能量代谢作用。黄捡等[9]通过网络药理学,分子对接等方法验证了豆科植物葛花可能通过补体和凝血级联途径、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路等调控细胞凋亡和抑制炎症反应来干预心肌缺血的发展进程。Hu等[10]通过实验发现丹参植物中的主要活性成分丹酚酸通过白介素17信号通路调控心肌缺血损伤。因此探索一种不良反应小且药理作用清晰的中药是治疗心血管疾病的又一重要途径。
金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa L.),蔷薇科(Rosaceae)委陵菜属(Potentilla),生于1 600~4 000 m的山坡草地,灌丛林缘[11-13]。叶、花、根及全草均可入药,是一种药食同源的传统中药材[14]。据研究发现金露梅具有健胃、降糖降脂、抗心肌缺血等药理活性[15-17]。王圭垚等[18]通过斑马鱼模型试验证实了金露梅绿茶水提物具有良好的辅助降血糖、降血脂作用。Enayati等[19]从匍匐委陵菜的根部分离出6种新的三萜类化合物,并通过实验发现其对糖皮质激素激酶1等具有显著抑制作用,是治疗心肌细胞损伤的天然候选药物。目前已从金露梅中分离得到的化合物有42个,主要为黄酮类、鞣质类、多酚类、三萜类等[20]。因此通过建立稳定的病理模型不仅可以实现金露梅活性成分的筛选,同时也可达到治疗疾病的目的[3]
斑马鱼(Zebrafish)是近年来发现的一种新式模型动物[21-22]。研究表明,斑马鱼心血管系统与人类高度相似,要比其他动物模型更具优势[21,23-25]。网络药理学是一门将中药的有效成分、相关靶点、通路以及疾病之间形成相互关系进行可视化的一种手段[26-28]
通过盐酸异丙肾上腺素诱导建立斑马鱼慢性心衰模型,并用吖啶橙(acridine orange,AO)染色斑马鱼,通过荧光显微镜观察心肌细胞凋亡程度。在此基础上应用网络药理学方法预测金露梅水提物抗心肌缺血的作用机制,以期在金露梅药物开发和疾病治疗方面提供理论参考。
390尾受精后第2天(2 days post fertilization, 2dpf)的野生型AB品系斑马鱼。实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(浙)2012-0171。饲养管理符合国际AAALAC认证要求。
金露梅水提物,棕色粉末,置于阴凉干燥处避光保存,用18.25的纯水配制成2.5 mg/mL的母液,每天配制新鲜母液待用;盐酸异丙肾上腺素(isoprenaline hydrochloride,ISO),白色粉末,阴凉避光保存,批号为VNVFK-OR(东京化成工业株式会社)。用标准稀释水配成200 mg/mL的母液,随用随配;N-乙酰半胱氨酸,白色粉末,批号为K1919064(上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司),阴凉避光保存。18.25纯水配成50 mg/mL母液,随用随配;甲基纤维素(批号079K0054V,Sigma,USA);吖啶橙(AO)染料(批号494-38-2,Sigma,China)。
体式显微镜(SZX7,OLYMPUS,Japan);电动聚焦连续变倍荧光显微镜(AZ100,Nikon,Japan);精密电子天平(CP214,OHAUS,America);6孔板(Nest Biotech,China)。
随机选取180条2dpf斑马鱼,每孔30条,选择盐酸异丙肾上腺素建立斑马鱼心肌缺血模型[3],设置正常对照组和模型对照组,其余心肌缺血组分别给予金露梅水提物浓度0.976、1.95、3.91、7.81、15.63 μg/mL,除正常对照组外,其余实验组分别与ISO同处理5 h后,观察记录斑马鱼毒性表型及死亡情况,确定金露梅水提物对心肌缺血防治功效的最大耐受浓度(maximum tolerance concentration,MTC)。
六孔板中每孔放入随机选择的30条2 dpf斑马鱼,六孔板中加入金露梅水提物浓度为0.868、2.60、7.81 μg/mL,阳性对照组选择浓度为125 μg/mL N-乙酰半胱氨酸,各孔3 mL,同时设置正常对照组和模型对照组。除正常对照组外,其他实验组与ISO同处理5 h后,各实验组任意选取10条斑马鱼,用AO染料染色30 min后置于荧光显微镜下观察,同时借助NIS-Elements D 3.10软件进行图像分析和数据收集,统计斑马鱼心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度D,用心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度的统计学意义评价金露梅水提物对ISO诱导的心肌缺血防治功效。实验数据表示方法用mean±SE。心肌缺血防治功效计算公式为
心机缺血防止功效= D ( ) - D ( ) D ( ) - D ( )×100%。
用SPSS进行统计学分析,得到P<0.05说明具有显著性差异。
课题组在前期已对青藏高原产金露梅进行了系统的化学成分研究,从金露梅分离出42个单体[20]。在Pubchem官网下载化合物的smils结构,无法检索到的化合物用Chemdraw 19.0画出其结构图,之后将化合物smils结构导入Swiss Target Prediction数据库(http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch/)得到每个化合物的可能作用靶点。将收集到的靶点进行标准转换,建立金露梅化合物-靶点数据库。
以“myocardial ischemia”为关键词,利用GeneCards(https://www.genecards.org/)数据库对已知的心肌缺血基因进行检索,并筛选Relevance score≥55的基因保留,建立心肌缺血靶点数据库。再利用Venn2.1.0在线绘图工具(http://www.liuxiaoyuyuan.cn/)对金露梅活性成分作用靶点与心肌缺血靶点做交集,筛选得到金露梅-心肌缺血疾病的交集基因。
将第2.3.2节获取的作用靶点导入String数据库(https://string-db.org),选择交互作用大于0.9的靶点数据下载后导入Cytoscape3.10.0软件构建蛋白互作网络[29]。蛋白互作网络中的节点即靶点,置信线表示靶点间的相互作用关系,置信线的宽度代表靶点间不同的关联分值(combine score),置信线越宽,则表示关联分值越高。
将筛选出的潜在靶点输入DAVID(https://david.ncifcrf.gov)在线数据库进行KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopediaof genes and genomes)通路分析和基因本体(gene ontology,GO)的生物学过程分析[29-30],筛选出P≤0.07的数据,所得结果进行可视化处理,以气泡图和柱壮图的形式展现。
本文中数据由前面操作进一步筛选得到,然后将其输入Cytoscape3.10.0软件进一步处理,得到药物-成分-疾病-靶点-通路网络图。
借助PyMOL 2.3.4、AutoDock Vina 1.1.2软件,设定10次分子对接运行参数,筛选其中的最优对接结果。同时通过计算化合物与受体蛋白的结合能来评估二者之间的结合活性。最后借助PaMOL2.3.4展示其结合模式。
在实验终点,模型对照组及金露梅水提物0.976、1.95、3.91、7.81 μg/mL浓度组均未见明显异常;15.63 μg/mL浓度组斑马鱼出现心脏淤血、死亡等表型,较模型对照组状态严重;故确定金露梅水提物对心肌缺血防治功效的MTC为7.81 μg/mL。详见表1
实验结果显示,模型对照组斑马鱼心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度(124 407像素)明显高于正常对照组(57 571像素),P<0.001,代表造模成功。阳性对照组斑马鱼心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度为90 615像素,与模型对照组(124 407像素)比较P<0.01,其心肌缺血防治功效为51%。说明在本实验浓度条件下,N-乙酰半胱氨酸对心脏凋亡细胞有改善功效。
金露梅水提物在0.868、2.60、7.81 μg/mL浓度时,斑马鱼心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度(100 066、97 504、91 591像素)与模型对照组(124 407像素)比较P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01,其心肌缺血防治功效分别为36%、40%和49%。说明在本实验浓度条件下,金露梅水提物对心脏凋亡细胞具有明显的改善作用。详见表2图1~图3
借助GeneCards数据库,输入关键词myocardial ischemia获得心肌缺血的致病基因,共得到心肌缺血疾病靶点3 814个。
使用Venn 在线数据库对金露梅中的活性成分作用靶点和心肌缺血疾病靶点进行交集处理,图4所示为绘制的Venn图,获得交集基因94个,包括TNF、SERPINE1、F2、TCASP3、HSP90AA1、PGR、CDK1等。
将第3.3.2节得到的94个共同基因导入STRING在线数据库,在0.9的中等置信度条件下,获得靶点间的相互作用关系图及数据。网络中含有94个节点,142条边。平均节点度8.11,平均局部聚类系数0.504。如图5所示。将实验数据进行处理,得到degree 值>15的核心靶点有表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)、原癌基因、非受体酪氨酸激酶SRC、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor, TNF)、磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸 3-激酶催化亚基(α,phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha, PIK3CA)、细胞色素酶3(caspase 3, CASP3)、热休克蛋白90α家族A 类成员1(heat shock protein 90 alpha family class a member1, HSP90AA1)、雷帕霉素激酶的机制靶点(mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase, MTOR)、基质金属肽酶9(matrix metallopeptidase 9, MMP9)、雌激素1受体(estrogen receptor1, ESR1)、缺氧诱导因子 1 亚基α(hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha, HIF1A)、血管内皮生长因子A(vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGFA)。
将上述获得的交集基因数据导入David数据库,物种选择“Homo spaiens”,进行基因拓扑分析,获取生物学过程(biological processes,BP)、细胞成分(cellular components,CC)和分子功能(molecular function,MF)的分析数据,共得到666条GO分析数据,分别从BP、CC和MF中筛出P≤0.07且排名前15的条目,将备选数据导入微生信在线分析平台制作GO富集分析柱状图如图6所示。KEGG富集条目共得到146条,选择P≤0.07的23个条目的备选数据绘制KEGG通路富集气泡图,富集结果如图7所示。
GO分析表明,金露梅水提物抗心肌缺血的机制主要与抗心肌缺血的潜在靶点主要富集在信号转导、蛋白质磷酸化、凋亡过程的负向调控、蛋白质自身磷酸化、蛋白激酶B信号的正向调控等生物学过程;胞液、细胞质、质膜、膜、细胞核等细胞组分;蛋白质结合、ATP结合、蛋白丝氨酸/苏氨酸/酪氨酸激酶活性、酶结合等分子功能密切相关。
KEGG 富集条目共得到147条,筛选出P<0.07的23个条目,绘制KEGG富集气泡图(图8),该通路结果表明金露梅水提物抗心肌缺血可能与磷脂酶D信号通路、化学致癌受体激活、流体剪切压力和动脉粥样硬化、乙型肝炎和黏着斑等通路密切相关。
将第3.3.3节、第3.3.4节得到的数据进一步筛选,绘制“药物-成分-疾病-靶点-通路”网络图(图8)。 该网络包含22种金露梅成分、67个靶点、15条通路。其中,绿原酸(Chlorogenic acid)、槲皮素(quercetin)、芹菜素(apigenin)、异牡荆素(Isorhamnetin-3-β-D-glucuronide)、Quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoide 、Quercetin-7-O-β-D-xylopyranoide 、黄芪苷(Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide)等化合物与靶点联系密切,表明其是作用抗心肌缺血疾病的重要活性成分,同时Rap1信号通路、癌症通路、癌症中的蛋白巨糖、PI3K-Akt信号通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化这5条通路与多个化合物联系密切,可能是金露梅水提物改善心肌缺血疾病的重要通路。
金露梅主要活性成分与预测靶标进行分子对接结果验证,最低结合能见表3,分子对接结果如图9所示。一般认为最低结合能小于-5.0 kcal/mol表示结合活性良好,小于-7.0 kcal/mol表示结合能力较强[31]。根据表3中数据结果可知,活性化合物Chlorogenic acid、apigenin、Isorhamnetin-3-β-D-glucuronide、quercetin、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide与关键靶点CASP3、HSP90AA1、EGFR及PGR蛋白对接均可自发结合,且从表3中可以发现HSP90AA1蛋白与活性化合物apigenin、Isorhamnetin-3-β-D-glucuronide、quercetin、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide结合最紧密,最低结合能达到-9.7 kcal/mol,表明具有强烈的结合活性,因此这4种活性化合物可能具有潜在调控HSP90AA1蛋白的作用。PGR蛋白与活性化合物Chlorogenic acid、apigenin、Isorhamnetin-3-β-D-glucuronide、quercetin、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide的结合能都比较低,最低结合能为-8.1 kcal/mol,这说明这5种活性化合物都可能具有潜在调控PGR蛋白的作用。对接结果显示金露梅主要活性成分与核心靶点间有强烈的结合能力,证明了本研究预测靶点的可靠性以及金露梅抗MI的可行性。
心肌缺血是由于心脏供血不足导致心肌能量代谢紊乱的疾病,心肌缺血会造成机体心功能衰退、心绞痛、心律失常等,严重时甚至导致猝死,因此选择一味有效的中药预防与治疗心肌缺血疾病的发生是非常有必要的[32]。中药在治疗心肌缺血方面已经小有成就,如李乐[33]采用结扎冠状动脉的大鼠进行研究,与阳性对照组相比,果皮果肉总皂苷起效快、作用持久。张瑶等[34]对异丙肾上腺素处理的心肌缺血大鼠进行研究,发现大果木姜子油能有效减轻心肌缺血损伤。因此,使用网络药理学的方法系统地挖掘金露梅作用机制,构建“药物-活性成分-靶点”的网络药理研究模型,探索其抗MI的物质基础和机制。在本研究的斑马鱼实验中,测定金露梅水提物最大耐受浓度(MTC)为15.63 μg/mL,高中低剂量组分别为7.81、2.60、0.868 μg/mL时抗心肌缺血功效分别为36%、40%、49%。基于网络药理学方法,共收集到216个金露梅作用靶点和408个疾病靶点,通过在线Venn软件得到交集基因94个。
通过PPI网络图分析得到显示HSP90AA1、SRC、CASP3、PGR、AKT1等自由度的数值较高,这可能是金露梅抗MI的关键靶点,这些靶蛋白彼此关联,结合起来共同发挥协同作用。从GO富集分析结果中可得到,金露梅抗MI涉及信号转导,ATP结合、蛋白质结合和蛋白质磷酸化等生物过程,涉及质膜、细胞核和细胞质基质等细胞组分,是个一个复杂的作用过程,通过对其KEGG的富集分析,发现其抗MI途径主要与化学致癌-受体激活、液体压力-动脉硬化、MAPK通路、Rap1信号通路有关,使我们更好地了解金露梅水提物抗心肌缺血的作用机制。研究表明,AMPK参与调节FoxO1,包括氧化应激反应、葡萄糖代谢、肿瘤的发生和寿命延长[35]。基于斑马鱼实验和网络药理学分析金露梅水提物对抗心肌缺血的潜在作用机制,结果表明金露梅水提物心肌细胞的凋亡,不仅为探究金露梅水提物抗心肌缺血的分子机制提供了研究思路,而且为金露梅新食品原料的研发和临床应用提供了一种有效的途径。
本研究筛选得到金露梅活性成分Chlorogenic acid、apigenin、Isorhamnetin-3-β-D-glucuronide、quercetin、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide等度值较大,是金露梅水提物抗心肌缺血的主要活性成分。研究表明,黄酮类化合物可通过预防氧化应激,抑制低密度脂蛋白的氧化及抗炎作用等,调节血管扩张、内皮细胞的凋亡过程,起到预防内皮功能紊乱,保护心脏的作用[36]。此外,黄酮类化合物还可以干预脂质代谢过程,减少血小板的聚集,预防心血管疾病。已有研究证明,槲皮素可改善内皮功能个体心血管疾病的风险,也可显著降低收缩压和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[37]
综上所述,以金露梅水提物作为研究载体,借助GeneCards等多个数据库同时利用网络药理学方法分析其主要活性成分、靶点及信号通路。联合分子对接验证手段探究金露梅水提物关键活性成分(Chlorogenic acid、apigenin、Isorhamnetin-3-β-D-glucuronide、quercetin、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide)与关键靶点(CASP3、HSP90AA1、EGFR、PGR)间的相会作用和识别模式,初步揭示金露梅抗心肌缺血机制可能涉及多靶点、多通路、多过程协同的特点。这为更深入研究心肌缺血机制和金露梅药理活性的进一步探究提供参考和依据。
  • 青海省应用基础研究项目(2023-JZ-749)
  • 青海省药用植物资源综合利用与开发研究创新项目(2020-2023)
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2025年第25卷第3期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2400127
  • 接收时间:2024-01-04
  • 首发时间:2025-07-29
  • 出版时间:2025-01-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-04
  • 修回日期:2024-04-25
基金
青海省应用基础研究项目(2023-JZ-749)
青海省药用植物资源综合利用与开发研究创新项目(2020-2023)
作者信息
    1.青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海省药用动植物资源重点实验室, 西宁 810008
    2.高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 西宁 810008

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* 曾阳(1964—),男,汉族,河南南阳人,硕士,教授。研究方向:药用植物资源开发利用。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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