Article(id=1149781964531655633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2400770, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1706198400000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-26, revisedDate=1733241600000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058982260, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1743091200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058982260, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058982260, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058982260, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149781952959574654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='9', pageStart='3529', pageEnd='3967', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058979501, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776333392421, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3938, endPage=3944, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149781964976251862, articleId=1149781964531655633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Prediction Model of Aviation Spare Parts Demand Based on PCA-IPSO-LSSVM, columnId=1156262731079607234, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Aeronautics and Astronautics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In order to solve the problem of poor forecasting effect due to the large number of influencing factors of aviation material consumption and small amount of sample data. A prediction model for aircraft spare parts demand based on principal component analysis (PCA), improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO), and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) was proposed. Firstly, the principal component analysis method was used to screen the main influencing factors of aviation spare parts, and then the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the least square support vector machine parameter combination, and finally the selection results and optimization parameter combination were used to complete the PCA-IPSO-LSSVM aviation spare parts demand prediction model training. The results show that compared with the other four prediction models, the PCA-IPSO-LSSVM model has the highest prediction accuracy, and the RMSE and MRE of the test set are 3.24 and 4.23%, respectively, indicating that the model has good prediction precision and fitting effect.
, correspAuthors=Hao XU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hao XU, Cai-yan TIAN, Rui-ke MAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149781976825159906, articleId=1149781964531655633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=基于PCA-IPSO-LSSVM的航材备件需求预测模型, columnId=1156262731373208516, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·航空、航天, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
为解决航材备件需求预测中,因航材消耗影响因素多,样本数据量少从而造成预测效果差等问题。提出一种基于主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)与改进粒子群算法(improved particle swarm optimization,IPSO)及最小二乘支持向量机(least square support vector machine,LSSVM)的航材备件需求预测模型,首先利用主成分分析法筛选出航材备件主要影响因素,然后使用改进粒子群算法优化最小二乘支持向量机参数组合,最后使用筛选结果及优化参数组合完成PCA-IPSO-LSSVM航材备件需求预测模型训练。与其他4个预测模型相比,PCA-IPSO-LSSVM模型预测精度最高,测试集的均方根误差(root mean squared error,RMSE)和平均相对误差(mean relative error,MRE)分别为3.24和4.23%,表明模型具有较好的预测精度和拟合效果。
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许浩(1996—),男,汉族,四川德阳人,硕士,助理工程师。研究方向:人工智能模式识别、通航维修技术等。E-mail:xh1714257525@163.com。
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许浩(1996—),男,汉族,四川德阳人,硕士,助理工程师。研究方向:人工智能模式识别、通航维修技术等。E-mail:xh1714257525@163.com。
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1 Aircraft Repair & Overhaul Plant, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1251249360823075541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, companyId=1251249360806298321, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 中国民用航空飞行学院飞机修理厂, 广汉 618307)]), AuthorCompany(id=1251249360919544547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1251249360927933157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, companyId=1251249360919544547, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 Guanghan Branch, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1251249360932127462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, companyId=1251249360919544547, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 中国民用航空飞行学院广汉分院, 广汉 618307)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1251249364845412363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Flow chart, figureFileSmall=1d+eIpzaCb3wo4I62HGsPg==, figureFileBig=GNAM4VMOqXvPr3nUj2zUmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251249365021573145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
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Fitness curve, figureFileSmall=9fczljM4I8FXn0zLfyhSSw==, figureFileBig=ClyxFSAC5H9vuz/r4A3rTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251249365336145973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
适应度曲线, figureFileSmall=9fczljM4I8FXn0zLfyhSSw==, figureFileBig=ClyxFSAC5H9vuz/r4A3rTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251249365487140931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Comparison chart, figureFileSmall=IHIKxDqDz4c8B4xU/e3m3w==, figureFileBig=UmoK0REOoNwqhYNpH4C8pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251249365612970064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
对比图, figureFileSmall=IHIKxDqDz4c8B4xU/e3m3w==, figureFileBig=UmoK0REOoNwqhYNpH4C8pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251249365801713756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Factors affecting spare parts of aviation materials
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 编号 | 影响因素 | 数值单位或类型 | 取值 |
| X1 | 飞行时间 | h | 飞机飞行总时长 |
| X2 | 起落次数 | 次 | 飞机起落总架次 |
| X3 | 异常温度 | ℃ | 查阅资料 |
| X4 | 异常湿度 | 湿度 | 查阅资料 |
| X5 | 故障率 | 数值 | 相关记录 |
| X6 | 人员熟练程度 | 数值 | 相关记录 |
| X7 | 维修人员技术水平 | 数值 | 相关记录 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249365956903015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
航材备件影响因素
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 编号 | 影响因素 | 数值单位或类型 | 取值 |
| X1 | 飞行时间 | h | 飞机飞行总时长 |
| X2 | 起落次数 | 次 | 飞机起落总架次 |
| X3 | 异常温度 | ℃ | 查阅资料 |
| X4 | 异常湿度 | 湿度 | 查阅资料 |
| X5 | 故障率 | 数值 | 相关记录 |
| X6 | 人员熟练程度 | 数值 | 相关记录 |
| X7 | 维修人员技术水平 | 数值 | 相关记录 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366095315061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Data of aviation material demand and influencing factors from 2010 to 2017
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 序号 | 飞行时间 | 飞行起落 | 异常环境温度 | 异常环境湿度 | 故障率 | 人员熟练程度 | 人员技术水平 | 需求量 |
| 1 | 145 | 39 | 0.389 | 0.401 | 9.6 | 0.371 | 0.597 | 9 |
| 2 | 198 | 55 | 0.367 | 0.389 | 9.2 | 0.837 | 0.681 | 12 |
| 3 | 133 | 34 | 0.243 | 0.355 | 6.9 | 0.383 | 0.404 | 7 |
| 4 | 177 | 40 | 0.314 | 0.424 | 7.2 | 0.664 | 0.354 | 11 |
| ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ |
| 29 | 178 | 45 | 0.399 | 0.487 | 7.2 | 0.423 | 0.421 | 9 |
| 30 | 158 | 40 | 0.377 | 0.348 | 7.2 | 0.664 | 0.477 | 9 |
| 31 | 138 | 50 | 0.317 | 0.305 | 6.2 | 0.605 | 0.309 | 8 |
| 32 | 98 | 19 | 0.172 | 0.156 | 5.2 | 0.247 | 0.428 | 13 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366229532799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
2010—2017年航材需求量及各影响因素的数据
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| 序号 | 飞行时间 | 飞行起落 | 异常环境温度 | 异常环境湿度 | 故障率 | 人员熟练程度 | 人员技术水平 | 需求量 |
| 1 | 145 | 39 | 0.389 | 0.401 | 9.6 | 0.371 | 0.597 | 9 |
| 2 | 198 | 55 | 0.367 | 0.389 | 9.2 | 0.837 | 0.681 | 12 |
| 3 | 133 | 34 | 0.243 | 0.355 | 6.9 | 0.383 | 0.404 | 7 |
| 4 | 177 | 40 | 0.314 | 0.424 | 7.2 | 0.664 | 0.354 | 11 |
| ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ |
| 29 | 178 | 45 | 0.399 | 0.487 | 7.2 | 0.423 | 0.421 | 9 |
| 30 | 158 | 40 | 0.377 | 0.348 | 7.2 | 0.664 | 0.477 | 9 |
| 31 | 138 | 50 | 0.317 | 0.305 | 6.2 | 0.605 | 0.309 | 8 |
| 32 | 98 | 19 | 0.172 | 0.156 | 5.2 | 0.247 | 0.428 | 13 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366393110664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Standardized data
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| 序号 | 飞行时间 | 飞行起落 | 异常环境温度 | 异常环境湿度 | 故障率 | 人员熟练程度 | 人员技术水平 |
| 1 | -0.42 | -0.23 | 0.43 | -0.01 | 0.59 | -0.90 | 0.86 |
| 2 | 0.79 | 1.08 | 0.24 | -0.09 | 0.39 | 1.18 | 1.41 |
| 3 | -0.69 | -0.64 | -0.85 | -0.33 | -0.73 | -0.84 | -0.40 |
| 4 | 0.31 | -0.15 | -0.22 | 0.16 | -0.58 | 0.41 | -0.73 |
| ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ |
| 29 | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.52 | 0.60 | -0.58 | -0.67 | -0.29 |
| 30 | -0.12 | -0.15 | 0.33 | -0.38 | -0.58 | 0.41 | 0.07 |
| 31 | -0.58 | 0.67 | -0.20 | -0.68 | -1.07 | 0.14 | -1.03 |
| 32 | -1.49 | -1.86 | -1.47 | -1.72 | -1.55 | -1.45 | -0.25 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366506356884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
标准化数据
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| 序号 | 飞行时间 | 飞行起落 | 异常环境温度 | 异常环境湿度 | 故障率 | 人员熟练程度 | 人员技术水平 |
| 1 | -0.42 | -0.23 | 0.43 | -0.01 | 0.59 | -0.90 | 0.86 |
| 2 | 0.79 | 1.08 | 0.24 | -0.09 | 0.39 | 1.18 | 1.41 |
| 3 | -0.69 | -0.64 | -0.85 | -0.33 | -0.73 | -0.84 | -0.40 |
| 4 | 0.31 | -0.15 | -0.22 | 0.16 | -0.58 | 0.41 | -0.73 |
| ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ |
| 29 | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.52 | 0.60 | -0.58 | -0.67 | -0.29 |
| 30 | -0.12 | -0.15 | 0.33 | -0.38 | -0.58 | 0.41 | 0.07 |
| 31 | -0.58 | 0.67 | -0.20 | -0.68 | -1.07 | 0.14 | -1.03 |
| 32 | -1.49 | -1.86 | -1.47 | -1.72 | -1.55 | -1.45 | -0.25 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366661546154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Correlation coefficient matrix R
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| rij |
| rji | 1.000 0 | 0.804 8 | 0.820 5 | 0.830 0 | 0.790 0 | 0.762 7 | 0.646 3 |
| 0.804 8 | 1.000 0 | 0.680 7 | 0.753 9 | 0.678 5 | 0.814 9 | 0.576 0 |
| 0.820 5 | 0.680 7 | 1.000 0 | 0.573 9 | 0.607 9 | 0.504 9 | 0.695 3 |
| 0.830 0 | 0.753 9 | 0.573 9 | 1.000 0 | 0.765 3 | 0.707 4 | 0.480 8 |
| 0.790 0 | 0.678 5 | 0.607 9 | 0.765 3 | 1.000 0 | 0.599 9 | 0.528 0 |
| 0.762 7 | 0.814 9 | 0.504 9 | 0.707 4 | 0.599 9 | 1.000 0 | 0.416 3 |
| 0.646 3 | 0.576 0 | 0.695 3 | 0.480 8 | 0.528 0 | 0.416 3 | 1.000 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366808346808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
相关系数矩阵R
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| rij |
| rji | 1.000 0 | 0.804 8 | 0.820 5 | 0.830 0 | 0.790 0 | 0.762 7 | 0.646 3 |
| 0.804 8 | 1.000 0 | 0.680 7 | 0.753 9 | 0.678 5 | 0.814 9 | 0.576 0 |
| 0.820 5 | 0.680 7 | 1.000 0 | 0.573 9 | 0.607 9 | 0.504 9 | 0.695 3 |
| 0.830 0 | 0.753 9 | 0.573 9 | 1.000 0 | 0.765 3 | 0.707 4 | 0.480 8 |
| 0.790 0 | 0.678 5 | 0.607 9 | 0.765 3 | 1.000 0 | 0.599 9 | 0.528 0 |
| 0.762 7 | 0.814 9 | 0.504 9 | 0.707 4 | 0.599 9 | 1.000 0 | 0.416 3 |
| 0.646 3 | 0.576 0 | 0.695 3 | 0.480 8 | 0.528 0 | 0.416 3 | 1.000 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249366976118983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Normalized data
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| 序号 | 飞行 时间 | 飞行 起落 | 异常环 境温度 | 异常环 境湿度 | 需求量 |
| 1 | 0.301 6 | 0.416 7 | 0.564 | 0.385 8 | 0.285 7 |
| 2 | 0.582 0 | 0.750 0 | 0.520 | 0.366 9 | 0.714 3 |
| 3 | 0.238 1 | 0.312 5 | 0.272 | 0.313 4 | 0.000 0 |
| 4 | 0.470 9 | 0.437 5 | 0.414 | 0.422 0 | 0.571 4 |
| ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ |
| 29 | 0.476 2 | 0.541 7 | 0.584 | 0.521 3 | 0.285 7 |
| 30 | 0.370 4 | 0.437 5 | 0.540 | 0.302 4 | 0.285 7 |
| 31 | 0.264 6 | 0.645 8 | 0.420 | 0.234 6 | 0.142 9 |
| 32 | 0.052 9 | 0.000 0 | 0.130 | 0.000 0 | 0.857 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249367118725332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
归一化数据
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| 序号 | 飞行 时间 | 飞行 起落 | 异常环 境温度 | 异常环 境湿度 | 需求量 |
| 1 | 0.301 6 | 0.416 7 | 0.564 | 0.385 8 | 0.285 7 |
| 2 | 0.582 0 | 0.750 0 | 0.520 | 0.366 9 | 0.714 3 |
| 3 | 0.238 1 | 0.312 5 | 0.272 | 0.313 4 | 0.000 0 |
| 4 | 0.470 9 | 0.437 5 | 0.414 | 0.422 0 | 0.571 4 |
| ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ | ︙ |
| 29 | 0.476 2 | 0.541 7 | 0.584 | 0.521 3 | 0.285 7 |
| 30 | 0.370 4 | 0.437 5 | 0.540 | 0.302 4 | 0.285 7 |
| 31 | 0.264 6 | 0.645 8 | 0.420 | 0.234 6 | 0.142 9 |
| 32 | 0.052 9 | 0.000 0 | 0.130 | 0.000 0 | 0.857 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249367223582938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=
IPSO parameter table
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 维数 | 2 |
| 规模 | 25 |
| 最大迭代次数 | 200 |
| 学习因子c1 | 2 |
| 学习因子c2 | 2 |
| 惯性权重最大值 | 0.9 |
| 惯性权重最小值 | 0.4 |
| 初始化位置 | [100,1 000] |
| 初始化速度 | [0.001,0.01] |
| 位置速度比 | 0.5 |
| 正则化系数 | [0.01,300] |
| 核函数系数 | [0.01,200] |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249367391355110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表6, caption=
IPSO参数表
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| 参数 | 数值 |
| 维数 | 2 |
| 规模 | 25 |
| 最大迭代次数 | 200 |
| 学习因子c1 | 2 |
| 学习因子c2 | 2 |
| 惯性权重最大值 | 0.9 |
| 惯性权重最小值 | 0.4 |
| 初始化位置 | [100,1 000] |
| 初始化速度 | [0.001,0.01] |
| 位置速度比 | 0.5 |
| 正则化系数 | [0.01,300] |
| 核函数系数 | [0.01,200] |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249367580098808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=
Comparison of predictive performance
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| 模型名称 | RMSE | MRE/% |
| LSSVM | 12.32 | 13.43 |
| PSO-LSSVM | 10.67 | 11.13 |
| IPSO-LSSVM | 9.56 | 9.32 |
| 文献[19] | 8.09 | 5.98 |
| PCA-IPSO-LSSVM | 3.24 | 4.23 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251249369186517248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781964531655633, language=CN, label=表7, caption=
预测性能比较
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| 模型名称 | RMSE | MRE/% |
| LSSVM | 12.32 | 13.43 |
| PSO-LSSVM | 10.67 | 11.13 |
| IPSO-LSSVM | 9.56 | 9.32 |
| 文献[19] | 8.09 | 5.98 |
| PCA-IPSO-LSSVM | 3.24 | 4.23 |
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