Article(id=1149781960152806060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403689, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1715961600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-18, revisedDate=1735228800000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058981215, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1743091200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058981215, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058981215, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058981215, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149781952959574654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='9', pageStart='3529', pageEnd='3967', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058979501, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776333392421, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3821, endPage=3827, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149781960635151021, articleId=1149781960152806060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=3D Printed Concrete Curved Mold Shells-cast-in-place Beam Construction and Vertical Loading Tests, columnId=1156262729917780302, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Concrete arc beams in the support mold is often difficult to ensure the molding accuracy, the production is more difficult to high cost, and 3D printing technology has a construction speed, design freedom and high characteristics, so in order to solve the problems such as the complexity of concrete arc beam support, the effectiveness of 3D printing arc shell-cast-in-place beam construction was studied. According to the existing 3D printing concrete ratio and process parameters, three 3D printing curved beam mold shells were designed and printed, and the printing and molding accuracy was measured. The mold shells were equipped with reinforcing cages and cast-in-place concrete materials, and 3D printing concrete curved mold shells-cast-in-place beams were produced. The beam specimens were subjected to vertical loading tests to validate the effectiveness of the construction method. The results show that the 3D printed curved mold shell is basically the same size as the 3D model, with a maximum error of 4% in the middle, and the overall printing and molding quality is good. Under vertical loading, the damage patterns of the three 3D printed curved mold shell-cast-in-place beam specimens are similar. The cracking load and ultimate capacity of the beam specimen with reinforcement between the curved mold shell and the cast-in-place beam have been significantly improved, with an increase in the ultimate load of about 25%.

, correspAuthors=Peng-xiang GAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=You-bao JIANG, Jie TAN, Peng-xiang GAO, Ming-liang ZHANG, Hao-xuan HE), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149782002091651949, articleId=1149781960152806060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁建造与竖向加载测试, columnId=1156262730517565784, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

混凝土弧形梁在支模时往往成型精度难以保证,且制作较难造价高,而3D打印技术有着施工速度快、设计自由度高等特点,因此为解决混凝土弧形梁支模复杂等问题,对3D打印弧形模壳-现浇梁建造的有效性展开研究。根据已有3D打印混凝土配合比和工艺参数,设计和打印了3根3D打印弧形梁模壳,并测量了打印成型精度;模壳内部配置钢筋笼并现浇混凝土材料,制作出3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁;对梁试件进行竖向加载测试,验证该建造方式的有效性。结果表明:3D打印弧形模壳实体与三维模型尺寸基本一致,中部误差最大为4%,且整体打印质量和成型质量较好;竖向加载下,3根3D打印弧形模壳-现浇梁试件破坏形态相似;弧形模壳和现浇梁之间设有加固筋的梁试件的开裂荷载和极限承载力得到显著提高,其中极限荷载提升幅度约25%。

, correspAuthors=高鹏翔, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 高鹏翔(1997—),男,汉族,河南洛阳人,硕士。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:
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蒋友宝(1982—),男,汉族,湖南永州人,博士,教授。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:

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蒋友宝(1982—),男,汉族,湖南永州人,博士,教授。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:

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蒋友宝(1982—),男,汉族,湖南永州人,博士,教授。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:

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Standard for test methods of concrete structures: GB/T 50152—2012[S]. Beijing: China Construction Industry Press, 2012., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1251249369954074931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, awardId=52378126, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52378126), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1251249370079904060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, awardId=JGJTK2022-13, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南建工集团有限公司科技重大专项(JGJTK2022-13), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1251249357505380859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1251249357517963772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, companyId=1251249357505380859, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Civil 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3D printed concrete mold shell ratio

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水胶比 砂胶比 胶凝材料 聚丙烯
纤维/%
外加
剂/%
组分 掺量/%
0.28 0.8 普通硅酸盐水泥 75 0.3 减水剂
0.35
粉煤灰 10
硅灰 5
偏高岭土 10
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3D打印混凝土模壳配合比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
水胶比 砂胶比 胶凝材料 聚丙烯
纤维/%
外加
剂/%
组分 掺量/%
0.28 0.8 普通硅酸盐水泥 75 0.3 减水剂
0.35
粉煤灰 10
硅灰 5
偏高岭土 10
), ArticleFig(id=1251249367517184243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Compressive strength of printed cube specimens

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轴压方向 X Y Z
抗压强度/MPa 50.2 47.6 55.4
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打印立方体试块的抗压强度

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轴压方向 X Y Z
抗压强度/MPa 50.2 47.6 55.4
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Summary of test components

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构件编号 成型方法 弧形梁尺寸/(mm×mm) 配筋形式
端部 跨中 箍筋 纵筋 加固筋
L-1 3D打印模壳与内部现浇梁自然连接 184×200 150×200 Ф8@187 2Ф10
L-2 3D打印模壳与内部现浇梁自然连接 184×200 150×200 Ф8@187 2Ф10 Ф10@262
L-3 3D打印模壳与内部现浇梁隔离连接 184×200 150×200 Ф8@187 2Ф10
), ArticleFig(id=1251249369392038161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

试验构件汇总

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构件编号 成型方法 弧形梁尺寸/(mm×mm) 配筋形式
端部 跨中 箍筋 纵筋 加固筋
L-1 3D打印模壳与内部现浇梁自然连接 184×200 150×200 Ф8@187 2Ф10
L-2 3D打印模壳与内部现浇梁自然连接 184×200 150×200 Ф8@187 2Ф10 Ф10@262
L-3 3D打印模壳与内部现浇梁隔离连接 184×200 150×200 Ф8@187 2Ф10
), ArticleFig(id=1251249369526255896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Cracking and ultimate load of curved beam components under concentrated load

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构件编号 Fcr/kN Fu/kN γ1 γ2
L-1 23.2 66.9 1.25 1.09
L-2 24.8 73.5 1.37 1.17
L-3 21.1 53.4 1.0 1.0
), ArticleFig(id=1251249369689833763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781960152806060, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

集中荷载下弧形梁构件的开裂与极限荷载

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构件编号 Fcr/kN Fu/kN γ1 γ2
L-1 23.2 66.9 1.25 1.09
L-2 24.8 73.5 1.37 1.17
L-3 21.1 53.4 1.0 1.0
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3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁建造与竖向加载测试
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蒋友宝 1 , 谭捷 1 , 高鹏翔 1, * , 张明亮 2 , 贺昊轩 1
科学技术与工程 | 论文·建筑科学 2025,25(9): 3821-3827
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·建筑科学 2025, 25(9): 3821-3827
3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁建造与竖向加载测试
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蒋友宝1 , 谭捷1, 高鹏翔1, * , 张明亮2, 贺昊轩1
作者信息
  • 1 长沙理工大学土木工程学院, 长沙 410114
  • 2 湖南建工集团有限公司, 长沙 410004
  • 蒋友宝(1982—),男,汉族,湖南永州人,博士,教授。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 高鹏翔(1997—),男,汉族,河南洛阳人,硕士。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:
3D Printed Concrete Curved Mold Shells-cast-in-place Beam Construction and Vertical Loading Tests
You-bao JIANG1 , Jie TAN1, Peng-xiang GAO1, * , Ming-liang ZHANG2, Hao-xuan HE1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
  • 2 Hunan Construction Engineering Group Limited Liability Company, Changsha 410004, China
出版时间: 2025-03-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403689
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混凝土弧形梁在支模时往往成型精度难以保证,且制作较难造价高,而3D打印技术有着施工速度快、设计自由度高等特点,因此为解决混凝土弧形梁支模复杂等问题,对3D打印弧形模壳-现浇梁建造的有效性展开研究。根据已有3D打印混凝土配合比和工艺参数,设计和打印了3根3D打印弧形梁模壳,并测量了打印成型精度;模壳内部配置钢筋笼并现浇混凝土材料,制作出3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁;对梁试件进行竖向加载测试,验证该建造方式的有效性。结果表明:3D打印弧形模壳实体与三维模型尺寸基本一致,中部误差最大为4%,且整体打印质量和成型质量较好;竖向加载下,3根3D打印弧形模壳-现浇梁试件破坏形态相似;弧形模壳和现浇梁之间设有加固筋的梁试件的开裂荷载和极限承载力得到显著提高,其中极限荷载提升幅度约25%。

3D打印混凝土  /  模壳  /  加固筋  /  开裂荷载  /  极限荷载

Concrete arc beams in the support mold is often difficult to ensure the molding accuracy, the production is more difficult to high cost, and 3D printing technology has a construction speed, design freedom and high characteristics, so in order to solve the problems such as the complexity of concrete arc beam support, the effectiveness of 3D printing arc shell-cast-in-place beam construction was studied. According to the existing 3D printing concrete ratio and process parameters, three 3D printing curved beam mold shells were designed and printed, and the printing and molding accuracy was measured. The mold shells were equipped with reinforcing cages and cast-in-place concrete materials, and 3D printing concrete curved mold shells-cast-in-place beams were produced. The beam specimens were subjected to vertical loading tests to validate the effectiveness of the construction method. The results show that the 3D printed curved mold shell is basically the same size as the 3D model, with a maximum error of 4% in the middle, and the overall printing and molding quality is good. Under vertical loading, the damage patterns of the three 3D printed curved mold shell-cast-in-place beam specimens are similar. The cracking load and ultimate capacity of the beam specimen with reinforcement between the curved mold shell and the cast-in-place beam have been significantly improved, with an increase in the ultimate load of about 25%.

3D printed concrete  /  mold shells  /  reinforcement bars  /  cracking loads  /  ultimate loads
蒋友宝, 谭捷, 高鹏翔, 张明亮, 贺昊轩. 3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁建造与竖向加载测试. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (9) : 3821 -3827 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403689
You-bao JIANG, Jie TAN, Peng-xiang GAO, Ming-liang ZHANG, Hao-xuan HE. 3D Printed Concrete Curved Mold Shells-cast-in-place Beam Construction and Vertical Loading Tests[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (9) : 3821 -3827 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403689
为实现复杂造型、富有艺术美的混凝土结构建筑,传统建造工艺需准备大量的定制异形模板。但异形模板的加工制作,不仅工期过长,施工质量与成型精度也难以保证,因此往往浪费大量人力物力等资源[1-2]。除此之外,定制专项异形模板的高昂价格和模板支拆的巨大工作量导致生产成本提高[3]等问题,使得复杂造型的混凝土结构建筑的推广受到进一步限制。
3D打印技术是基于数字化建模的智能化建造新技术。对于传统施工技术难以制作的异形模板,该技术通过三维建模、逐层切片、计算机控制机器打印等,可以实现快速、批量化生产[4-6]。目前,已有较多学者探究了免拆模板[7-10]技术的可行性,但对于异形构件而言这些技术或工艺通常制作困难且成本过高。若能运用3D打印技术来制作异形模壳,并浇筑成构件,将不仅使模板的建造过程更加省时省力,还能降低混凝土浇筑后模板拆除所带来的工作量,提高施工工效,实现更高的经济和社会效益。
目前,学者们对3D打印混凝土模壳构件展开了研究。例如,贺昊轩等[11]通过打印扭曲面预制模壳,研究了扭转角与扭曲面预制模壳可打印高度、极限承载力之间的关系,得出层扭转角为6°时扭曲柱节段平均极限承载力最大的结论。孙晓燕等[12]研究3D打印混凝土永久模板叠合梁受力性能,结果表明打印模板上部层间缺陷是影响梁抗弯承载能力的关键部位,3D打印混凝土层条界面几何尺寸影响叠合梁应力分布。打印基体和现浇混凝土强度对打印模板叠合梁结构极限荷载的影响不显著,钢筋强度对叠合梁承载能力作用显著。Vantyghem等[13]研究了拓扑优化梁的分段打印、模壳连接、混凝土浇筑等,并对其抗弯承载能力进行了分析。张志成等[14]开展了3D打印混凝土永久模板叠合柱及同尺寸整体现浇对照柱试验,并建立了构件的数值模型,研究表明模板叠和柱受力性能优于现浇柱,偏心距对叠合柱的极限承载力削弱幅度大于现浇柱。可见,目前学者们对3D打印混凝土模壳构件的研究主要集中在传统直线型模壳梁、柱的叠合效应和力学性能方面,而对模壳构件的成型精度及对异形模壳构件可建造性、承载能力研究较少。
为此,现研究3D打印弧形模壳-现浇梁的可建造性能及竖向加载测试:制备3个3D打印弧形模壳并测量其建造精度,对相应的3D打印混凝土弧形模壳梁进行竖向加载测试,通过对比分析验证基于3D打印模壳的混凝土弧形梁建造技术的有效性。研究结果可为异形混凝土梁的建造提供有益参考。
3D打印混凝土干料组成采用高强P·O 42.5普通硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、偏高岭土、细砂(细度模数为1.6~2.2,平均粒径为0.25~0.35 mm)和中砂(细度模数为2.3~3.0,平均粒径为0.35~0.5 mm)混合作为骨料、12 mm短切聚丙烯纤维、减水剂。根据已有研究[15]结果,3D打印混凝土模壳材料所用的配合比如表1所示。
由于3D打印混凝土抗压强度具有各向异性。故对XYZ这3个方向加载,如图1所示。
通过轴压试验测100 mm×100 mm×100 mm的立方体试块3个方向轴压强度,如表2所示。
按照上述配合比进行跳桌试验,测定3D打印混凝土流动度。采用直尺测量振动后材料最大直径D1,再测量D1正交方向直径D2,如图2所示,取两个方向的平均值D=(D1+D2)/2作为试验的最终结果。
采用建研华测(杭州)科技有限公司生产的HC-3DPRT型混凝土(砂浆)三轴龙门架式打印机,打印尺寸维度为1.8 m×1.7 m×1.5 m(X-Y-Z)。打印头为圆形,直径为20 mm,根据已有研究[16],打印参数可设置为:打印层高10 mm,打印头行进速率为50 mm/s, 挤料转轴旋转速率为1.0 r/s。通过对此配合比进行流动度试验可以得出流动度为185 mm;在实际应用中,3D打印混凝土的流动度为170~190 mm,可认为满足泵送与挤出要求[17-18]。初凝时间为30 min,能够满足3D打印混凝土对凝结时间要求。如图3所示,按此配比进行3D打印,打印过程顺畅连续、条带无断裂坍塌、打印头无堵塞,具有良好的可挤出性和可建造性[19]
试验制作的弧形梁尺寸为:梁高200 mm,梁端部宽为184 mm,梁中部宽为150 mm,梁跨度为1 384 mm,如图4(a)所示,梁轮廓线为式(1)~式(4)参数所围图形,其中梁内侧(A2B2)、外侧(A1B1)边线为椭圆弧线。各段轮廓线的方程分别为
$\frac{{x}^{2}}{757}$+$\frac{{y}^{2}}{468}$=1
$\frac{{x}^{2}}{1\mathrm{ }000}$+$\frac{{y}^{2}}{618}$=1

y=1.324x-480

y=-1.324x-480

考虑两种方式建造:一种是采用永久3D打印混凝土模壳,模壳内部现浇混凝土,模壳与现浇部分协同共工作;一种是可拆除3D打印混凝土模壳,内部现浇混凝土成型后将模壳拆除,仅现浇部分受力(可视为现浇梁)。对于3D打印混凝土模壳,其打印参数按前文所述。采用SolidWorks建立弧形梁永久模壳模型。考虑到打印机的实际有效打印尺寸,永久模壳设计最大长度限制在1 400 mm以内。再将模型另存为切片文件并导入Simplify3D中得到切片模型,如图4(b)所示。
共制作3根弧形梁构件,其截面示意图如图5所示,其成型方法、端部截面尺寸和配筋等如表3所示。弧形梁的保护层宽度为25 mm,配筋示意图如图6所示。其中,第二根弧形梁在第五层和第十五层布置加固筋,加固筋平面位置如图6(b)红色区域。
弧形模壳-现浇梁制作过程按以下3个步骤进行。
步骤1 利用调配好的水泥基材料和确定好的打印参数3D打印出弧形模壳试件。L-1模壳制作如图7(a)所示。当进行L-2试件打印时,采用直径12 mm的聚四氟乙烯棒预留钢筋孔洞,如图7(b)所示,待模壳硬化后插入钢筋以此探究钢筋布置对弧形梁组合构件承载性能的影响。当进行L-3试件打印时,模壳总高度增大为220 mm,模壳内外轮廓同时往外增大25 mm(混凝土挤出条带宽度),如图7(c)所示,以此保证现浇弧形梁浇筑后再拆开模壳时与3D打印弧形模壳-现浇梁尺寸一致。
步骤2 在符合实验要求下进行3组模壳试件的养护,定期观察模壳有无因移动或温度变化造成的局部开裂,待养护期结束将绑扎好的钢筋笼放入模壳内部。
步骤3 钢筋笼放入完成后浇筑混凝土,在混凝土浇筑过程中不断用振捣棒振捣,浇筑完成后测量其尺寸是否发生变化、模壳有无出现明显裂缝。浇筑完成后,用刮板等工具将弧形梁表面进行抹平,定时洒水养护,如图7(d)所示。
其中打印弧形模壳尺寸测量如图8(a)所示,模壳实际高度为201 mm,理论高度为200 mm,误差为0.5%。如图8(b)所示,模壳中部实际宽度为144 mm,理论宽度为150 mm,误差为4%。打印实体与理论尺寸基本一致,模壳整体打印质量和成型质量较好。
将梁放置在钢台座上,梁上端采用钢压梁压住,压梁连接地锚并用螺栓拧紧,梁中部通过千斤顶对其施加集中荷载,通过在千斤顶和弧形梁之间设立球铰连接件,保证加载过程中集中荷载始终保持竖向,弧形梁加载如图9所示,弧形梁现场加载如图10所示。加载方式参考《混凝土结构试验方法标准》(GB/T 50152—2012)[20]制定。首先预加载,采用力传感器进行控制,取预估极限荷载10%,持续2 min后卸载。然后正式加载,在开裂前缓慢均匀加载,开裂后按预估弧形梁极限荷载的10%左右进行加载,相邻两次加载时间间隔为2~3 min直到试件破坏。
试验结果表明,3根弧形梁在跨中集中荷载作用下的破坏过程较为相似:随着荷载增大,裂缝率先出现在跨中底部并逐渐向上往内、外侧模壳不断延伸,有往加载点处集中的趋势;随着荷载增大,弧形梁模壳与现浇混凝土之间出现裂缝,荷载达到峰值,最终内侧裂缝大致呈“八”字形分布,3组构件的裂缝发展情况如图11所示。
不同的是,弧形模壳-现浇梁试件L-2的第五层、第十五层加固筋位置处出现横向裂缝,梁挠度增加相比试件L-1更加明显,当第十五层加固筋位置处出现横向裂缝并发展到最外侧加固筋位置时,裂缝迅速向梁底部支座位置处延伸, 荷载达到峰值。
以极限荷载比值和开裂荷载比值表征稳定性,计算公式如式(5)、式(6)所示,3根弧形梁的开裂和极限荷载比值如表4所示。
γ1=$\frac{{F}_{\mathrm{u},m}}{{F}_{\mathrm{u},x}}$
γ2=$\frac{{F}_{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{r},m}}{{F}_{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{r},x}}$
式中:Fu,mFu,x分别为弧形模壳-现浇梁与现浇弧形梁的极限荷载;Fcr,mFcr,x分别为弧形模壳-现浇梁与现浇弧形梁的开裂荷载;γ1为弧形模壳-现浇梁与现浇弧形梁的极限荷载的比值;γ2为弧形模壳-现浇梁与现浇弧形梁的开裂荷载比值。
表4可知,弧形模壳-现浇梁L-1与L-3现浇弧形梁相比,开裂荷载提升约10%,极限荷载提升了约25%;L-2与L-3现浇弧形梁相比,开裂荷载提升约17%,极限荷载提升了约37%。试件L-1和L-2相比,试件L-2极限荷载提升了9.8%。可知,弧形模壳和现浇梁之间设置的加固筋能进一步提升弧形梁承载能力。
由于3D打印混凝土模壳加入了聚丙烯纤维,纤维具有连接作用,能阻碍裂缝的发展,且对内部现浇混凝土形成围箍效应,因此设置模壳的弧形梁相比于现浇弧形梁在开裂荷载和极限荷载方面均会有提升。这表明采用3D打印混凝土模壳作为永久模壳且内部现浇混凝土的弧形梁竖向受力性能优于普通现浇弧形梁,进一步验证了3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁建造工艺的有效性。
利用3D打印技术建造混凝土弧形梁,通过对打印构件的精度分析、对相应的3D打印混凝土弧形模壳梁进行竖向加载测试对比分析验证了基于3D打印模壳的混凝土弧形梁建造技术的有效性。提出了一种代替传统弧形梁支模的方法,且为异形混凝土梁的建造提供参考,并得到如下结论。
(1)基于3D打印模壳的弧形梁成型质量较好,弧形模壳高度误差为0.5%,中部宽度误差为4%,打印实体与三维模型尺寸基本一致,且未出现沉降不均匀、坍塌。
(2)3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁与现浇弧形梁破坏过程相似:均经历从加载初期的弹性阶段到裂缝出现、延伸并逐步扩大成主裂缝直至梁失去承载力而破坏的过程。
(3)竖向加载下,3D打印混凝土弧形模壳-现浇梁与现浇弧形梁相比,开裂荷载和极限荷载均有较大程度提升。其中3D混凝土弧形模壳和内部现浇梁之间设置加固筋时,模壳弧形梁的开裂荷载提升约17%、极限荷载提升约37%,因此基于3D打印混凝土模壳和内部现浇混凝土的弧形梁建造工艺效果较好。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52378126)
  • 湖南建工集团有限公司科技重大专项(JGJTK2022-13)
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2025年第25卷第9期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403689
  • 接收时间:2024-05-18
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-03-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-18
  • 修回日期:2024-12-27
基金
国家自然科学基金(52378126)
湖南建工集团有限公司科技重大专项(JGJTK2022-13)
作者信息
    1 长沙理工大学土木工程学院, 长沙 410114
    2 湖南建工集团有限公司, 长沙 410004

通讯作者:

* 高鹏翔(1997—),男,汉族,河南洛阳人,硕士。研究方向:3D打印混凝土结构与智能建造。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
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占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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