Article(id=1149781958227616684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403379, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1715097600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-08, revisedDate=1735228800000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058980756, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1743091200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058980756, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058980756, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058980756, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149781952959574654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='9', pageStart='3529', pageEnd='3967', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058979501, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776333392421, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3749, endPage=3759, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149781958521217965, articleId=1149781958227616684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Parameter Identification and Experimental Verification, columnId=1156262729162810294, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Automation and Computational Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In dynamic wireless environments, the distortion of transmission waveform is inevitably present, deteriorating the accuracy of identifying high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) parameters. To address this issue, an extreme learning machine parameter identification network (ELM-PInet)-based parameter identification method was investigated, which leverages the characteristics of HEMP waveform and considers the impact of wireless channels, thereby improving the accuracy of HEMP parameter identification. To demonstrate the nonlinear effects of wireless channels, the transmission model of HEMP waveform was first constructed based on wireless transmission theory. Subsequently, an ELM-PInet was developed to suppress waveform distortion and improve the identification accuracy of HEMP parameters. Finally, the proposed method was validated through field irradiation test on the experimental platform. Simulation results demonstrate that compared to classical HEMP parameter identification methods, the identification accuracy of HEMP parameters is enhanced by the proposed method. Furthermore, the ELM-PInet-based parameter identification method exhibits its robustness against the impacts of different parameters. Additionally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is further validated through field irradiation experiments.
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在时变的无线场景中传输的高空核爆电磁脉冲(high altitude electromagnetic pulse, HEMP)不可避免地产生波形畸变,导致HEMP参数识别精确度显著地降低。为解决这一难题,考虑无线信道对HEMP波形的影响,利用其波形特征,研究基于极限学习机参数识别网络(extreme learning machine parameter identification network,ELM-PInet)的参数识别方法,以改善HEMP参数识别精确度。首先,从无线传输理论出发,构建HEMP波形传输模型,诠释无线信道对HEMP波形的非线性影响。随后,构建ELM-PInet进行波形畸变抑制,改善HEMP参数识别精度。最后,基于实验平台,对提出方法进行了现场辐照实验验证。仿真结果表明,相比于经典的HEMP参数识别方法,提出方法可改善HEMP参数的识别精度;针对不同的参数影响,ELM-PInet参数识别方法具有鲁棒性。同时,通过现场辐照实验进一步验证了提出方法的有效性。
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卿朝进(1978—),男,汉族,四川安岳人,博士(博士后),教授。研究方向:无线网络与通信。E-mail:qingchj@mail.xhu.edu.cn。
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卿朝进(1978—),男,汉族,四川安岳人,博士(博士后),教授。研究方向:无线网络与通信。E-mail:qingchj@mail.xhu.edu.cn。
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69(6): 6803-6807., articleTitle=Joint user identification and channel estimation over rician fading channels, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1251595998800327264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, awardId=62301447, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(62301447), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1251595998859047522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, awardId=2023YFG0316, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省科技计划(2023YFG0316), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1251595998947127908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, awardId=23GSC00004, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省科技计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(23GSC00004), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1251595999014236774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, awardId=Z1320929, language=CN, fundingSource=西华大学校重点项目(Z1320929), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1251595999081345640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, awardId=2021ITA10016, language=CN, fundingSource=中国高校产学研创新基金(2021ITA10016), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1251595993649721801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1251595993662304715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, companyId=1251595993649721801, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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3 成都航天凯特机电科技有限公司, 成都 611730)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1251595996111778328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Time-domain waveforms of HEMP for several E1 phases, figureFileSmall=aDcFbPo6ocE74XRU6CucsA==, figureFileBig=xfmWFehExnSifHVem0lT1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996183081498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
几种E1期的HEMP时域波形, figureFileSmall=aDcFbPo6ocE74XRU6CucsA==, figureFileBig=xfmWFehExnSifHVem0lT1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996292133404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Near-earth radiation exposure model of HEMP waveform, figureFileSmall=/dI9WAACvE0rSuJTQR0Hrg==, figureFileBig=KKTsu6jiWWLb8IaVMDzN/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996363436574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
近地辐照模型下的HEMP波形, figureFileSmall=/dI9WAACvE0rSuJTQR0Hrg==, figureFileBig=KKTsu6jiWWLb8IaVMDzN/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996413768224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
The relative error of waveform parameters varies with β/α, figureFileSmall=DR1iLnnocGGXT0DN6oXoJA==, figureFileBig=XVPdESg1n7kOuTNTx3w8aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996472488482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
波形参数的相对误差随β/α的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=DR1iLnnocGGXT0DN6oXoJA==, figureFileBig=XVPdESg1n7kOuTNTx3w8aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996539597348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
The variation curve of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ with β/α under different Rice factors, figureFileSmall=NyuLvuA6n33cP+p4+IIBlQ==, figureFileBig=vOMMb+5sWbFs+jGM4hBsag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996598317606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
不同莱斯因子下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$随β/α的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=NyuLvuA6n33cP+p4+IIBlQ==, figureFileBig=vOMMb+5sWbFs+jGM4hBsag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996678009384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
The variation curve of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ with β/α under different Rice factors, figureFileSmall=S3cO6FkC12tiJmTuXMf5ug==, figureFileBig=b1SlwcmMfCQTXGP4o/XHAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996787061290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
不同莱斯因子下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$随β/α的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=S3cO6FkC12tiJmTuXMf5ug==, figureFileBig=b1SlwcmMfCQTXGP4o/XHAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996858364460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
The variation curve of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ with β/α under different multipath numbers, figureFileSmall=uo32D+fi4sP3n1NuqyPlyQ==, figureFileBig=q9LoA5B1mL9AC5L0hD293g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595996942250542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同多径条数下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$随β/α的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=uo32D+fi4sP3n1NuqyPlyQ==, figureFileBig=q9LoA5B1mL9AC5L0hD293g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997000970800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
The variation curve of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ with β/α under different multipath numbers, figureFileSmall=MP+YFP5xTg0J0XLna9fPgg==, figureFileBig=awM8MByo74TYwoA2IEjpDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997072273970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同多径条数下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$随β/α的变化曲线, figureFileSmall=MP+YFP5xTg0J0XLna9fPgg==, figureFileBig=awM8MByo74TYwoA2IEjpDA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997139382836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Verification of generalization of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ under different Rice factors, figureFileSmall=ir9lVcrlOcO08q2JdZSXqw==, figureFileBig=K9EG5CvKihhxLH+/wSuKhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997198103094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
不同莱斯因子下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$的泛化性验证, figureFileSmall=ir9lVcrlOcO08q2JdZSXqw==, figureFileBig=K9EG5CvKihhxLH+/wSuKhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997281989175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Verification of generalization of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ under different Rice factors, figureFileSmall=U8JCGoUqw+c68eX0Dv55+w==, figureFileBig=zqx+u7KRhyNkyvJwZLZkIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997349098041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
不同莱斯因子下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$的泛化性验证, figureFileSmall=U8JCGoUqw+c68eX0Dv55+w==, figureFileBig=zqx+u7KRhyNkyvJwZLZkIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997437178427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Verification of generalization of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ under different multipath numbers, figureFileSmall=16zMIEI0uFnCD3BmbIlDRQ==, figureFileBig=yVoYUNk0oYOZr0IRSTVB5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997533647421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
不同多径条数下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$的泛化性验证, figureFileSmall=16zMIEI0uFnCD3BmbIlDRQ==, figureFileBig=yVoYUNk0oYOZr0IRSTVB5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997592367679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Verification of generalization of ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ under different multipath numbers, figureFileSmall=CbPUtSiDgsdoLb1B1KX/Lg==, figureFileBig=8jadTLU9O/z0SIAUO2V5/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997655282241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
不同多径条数下${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$的泛化性验证, figureFileSmall=CbPUtSiDgsdoLb1B1KX/Lg==, figureFileBig=8jadTLU9O/z0SIAUO2V5/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997722391107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
HEMP irradiation test layout, figureFileSmall=1weQwyJEAy4r2cYX5Q0ptA==, figureFileBig=Pjv2yjReVc0jQX01GbxhGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997781111365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
HEMP辐照试验布局, figureFileSmall=1weQwyJEAy4r2cYX5Q0ptA==, figureFileBig=Pjv2yjReVc0jQX01GbxhGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997848220231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
On site measurement of HEMP electric field waveform, figureFileSmall=GgtzOXN2jgjXJa3suGeB5g==, figureFileBig=VSjaY0nXFV8RAIJaPiY5dA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595997957272137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
现场实测HEMP电场波形, figureFileSmall=GgtzOXN2jgjXJa3suGeB5g==, figureFileBig=VSjaY0nXFV8RAIJaPiY5dA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251595998032769611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Parameters of HEMP waveforms for several E1 phases
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | MIL-STD-461E 标准[17] | Bell实验室 标准[18] | 1976年出版物 标准[19] |
| k0 | 1.30 | 1.05 | 1.04 |
| α/s-1 | 4×107 | 4×106 | 1.5×106 |
| β/s-1 | 6×108 | 4.76×108 | 2.6×108 |
| tr/ns | 2.5 | 4.1 | 7.8 |
| tFWHM/ns | 23 | 184 | 483 |
| E0/(kV·m-1) | 50 | 50 | 50 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998104072781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
几种E1期的HEMP波形参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | MIL-STD-461E 标准[17] | Bell实验室 标准[18] | 1976年出版物 标准[19] |
| k0 | 1.30 | 1.05 | 1.04 |
| α/s-1 | 4×107 | 4×106 | 1.5×106 |
| β/s-1 | 6×108 | 4.76×108 | 2.6×108 |
| tr/ns | 2.5 | 4.1 | 7.8 |
| tFWHM/ns | 23 | 184 | 483 |
| E0/(kV·m-1) | 50 | 50 | 50 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998166987343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
ELM-PInet network architecture
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 输入层 | 隐藏层 | 输出层 |
| 神经元个数 | L | 4L | Ns |
| 激活函数 | Linear | Sigmoid | Linear |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998250873425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
ELM-PInet网络架构
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 输入层 | 隐藏层 | 输出层 |
| 神经元个数 | L | 4L | Ns |
| 激活函数 | Linear | Sigmoid | Linear |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998317982291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Offline training process of ELM-PInet
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入:训练样本和训练标签构成的训练样本集合$\{{y}_{i},{T}_{i}{\}}_{i=1}^{{N}_{\mathrm{t}}}$。 输出:ELM-PInet网络参数{W,b,β}。 |
(1)根据CN(0,1),随机产生输入权重矩阵W、隐藏层偏置向量b。 (2)FOR i = 1,2,…,Nt 根据样本{yi,Ti}、W和b,利用式(8)计算得到隐藏层输出矢量Hi。 END FOR (3)收集Nt组隐藏层输出矢量Hi,根据式(9)形成隐藏层输出矩阵H。 (4)根据式(10)形成训练标签矩阵T。 (5)基于隐藏层输出矩阵H和训练标签矩阵T,根据式(11)计算输出加重矩阵β。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998397674069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
ELM-PInet离线训练过程
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入:训练样本和训练标签构成的训练样本集合$\{{y}_{i},{T}_{i}{\}}_{i=1}^{{N}_{\mathrm{t}}}$。 输出:ELM-PInet网络参数{W,b,β}。 |
(1)根据CN(0,1),随机产生输入权重矩阵W、隐藏层偏置向量b。 (2)FOR i = 1,2,…,Nt 根据样本{yi,Ti}、W和b,利用式(8)计算得到隐藏层输出矢量Hi。 END FOR (3)收集Nt组隐藏层输出矢量Hi,根据式(9)形成隐藏层输出矩阵H。 (4)根据式(10)形成训练标签矩阵T。 (5)基于隐藏层输出矩阵H和训练标签矩阵T,根据式(11)计算输出加重矩阵β。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998489948759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
HEMP parameter identification based on ELM-PInet
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入:接收信号矢量y,网络参数{W,b,β}。 输出:HEMP的形状参数${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}$和${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{r}}$。 |
(1)根据接收信号样本y,利用式(12)计算ELM-PInet的输出O。 (2)根据识别概率最大化,基于ELM-PInet的输出O,根据式(14)估计接收信号矢量y的种类$\stackrel{\wedge }{n}$est,获得估计参数{${\alpha }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$,${\beta }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$}。 (3)根据式(15),利用估计参数{${\alpha }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$,${\beta }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$}计算HEMP的半高宽${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}$和上升时间${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{r}}$。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998552863321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
基于ELM-PInet的HEMP参数识别
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
输入:接收信号矢量y,网络参数{W,b,β}。 输出:HEMP的形状参数${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}$和${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{r}}$。 |
(1)根据接收信号样本y,利用式(12)计算ELM-PInet的输出O。 (2)根据识别概率最大化,基于ELM-PInet的输出O,根据式(14)估计接收信号矢量y的种类$\stackrel{\wedge }{n}$est,获得估计参数{${\alpha }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$,${\beta }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$}。 (3)根据式(15),利用估计参数{${\alpha }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$,${\beta }_{\stackrel{\wedge }{n}{\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}}}$}计算HEMP的半高宽${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}$和上升时间${\stackrel{\wedge }{t}}_{\mathrm{r}}$。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998615777883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Relative error of HEMP waveform parameters under on-site measured data
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 试验方法 | 相对误差/% |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ | 本文方法 | 14.6 |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ | 文献[11] | 17.1 |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ | 本文方法 | 10.3 |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ | 文献[11] | 15.6 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251595998678692445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781958227616684, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
现场实测数据下HEMP波形参数的相对误差
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 试验方法 | 相对误差/% |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ | 本文方法 | 14.6 |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{M}}}$ | 文献[11] | 17.1 |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ | 本文方法 | 10.3 |
| ${e}_{{T}_{\mathrm{r}}}$ | 文献[11] | 15.6 |
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