Article(id=1149781954486297493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403301, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1714924800000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-06, revisedDate=1734883200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058979865, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1743091200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058979865, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058979865, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058979865, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149781952959574654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='9', pageStart='3529', pageEnd='3967', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058979501, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776333392421, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251596220226027614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149781952959574654, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3545, endPage=3554, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149781954683429783, articleId=1149781954486297493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Occurrence Characteristics and Development Prospect of Geothermal Resources in the Southwest of Zhoukou Depression, columnId=1156262729351549255, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Astronomy and Geosciences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The occurrence characteristics and genetic models of geothermal resources is an important basis for the development of geothermal resources. Drilling data, geophysical and geochemical data was applied to analyze the thermal reservoir, cap rock, heat sources, channels and supply elements, and the genetic model of geothermal system in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression was established. The development prospect was also evaluated. The geothermal resources in study area can be divided into sedimentation basin type with low temperature. Mantle derived heat is the main heat source, and the geothermal flow in the north part is higher than that in the south part, also in the protruding area is higher than that in the depressed area, reaching over 70 mW/m2. The average geothermal gradient is about 2.8 ℃/hm, dominated by heat conduction system. Isotope analysis shows that the supply source comes from atmospheric precipitation in the western low mountains and hills, which infiltrates through the exposed area and moves along permeable strata and unconformity towards the east, and is heated and warmed up. The pores of the Neogene and Paleogene sandstones, as well as the karst pores of the Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate rocks, are the main storage spaces for fluids. The silt and clay deposits developed in the upper part of the Quaternary and Neogene systems form a good waterproof and thermal insulation cover layer. The development and utilization risk of the Neogene system is the lowest, with a floor depth of 400~1 400 m, increasing towards the north. The average sand to soil ratio is 40.9%, with a water flow between 40~60 m3/h and a wellhead temperature of 43~48 ℃. The development of faults also promotes the upwelling of deep heat flow, and there is a local thermal convection warming effect. Finally, four favorable development area for porous geothermal resources and three favorable areas for karst resources were identified.

, correspAuthors=Yang GAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jian HU, Dao-cheng WANG, Ling XU, Qiang LIU, Yang GAO, Ji-gao LENG, Liang-yun PAN, Hai-li CAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149781990062383961, articleId=1149781954486297493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=周口坳陷西南部地热资源赋存特征及开发前景, columnId=1156262730077163858, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·天文学、地球科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

地热资源赋存特征及成因模式是地热资源开发的重要依据。基于区内各类钻孔、地球物理及地球化学资料,在明确储盖、温度特征基础上,对热源、通道、补给要素开展研究,建立周口坳陷西南部地热系统成因模式,进而评价其开发前景。研究区赋存低温沉积盆地型地热资源,幔源热是主要热源,南冷北热,凸起区大地热流高于凹陷区,可达70 mW/m2以上。平均地温梯度为2.8 ℃/hm左右,为传导型传热,断裂的发育也促进了深部热流的上涌,局部存在热对流增温作用。同位素分析显示补给来自西部低山丘陵的大气降水,在裸露区下渗后沿渗透地层、不整合面向东部运移并被加热增温。新近系、古近系砂岩孔隙、寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶孔洞是流体主要赋存空间。第四系与新近系上部发育的粉砂、黏土沉积构成了良好的隔水隔热盖层。目前新近系开发利用风险最小,热储底板埋深400~1 400 m,向北埋深增大,砂地比平均40.9%,水量40~60 m3/h,井口水温43~48 ℃。最终落实4个孔隙型地热资源开发有利区,3个岩溶型地热资源开发有利区。

, correspAuthors=高阳, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 高阳(1988—),男,汉族,辽宁朝阳人,博士,工程师。研究方向:石油地质,地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:
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胡剑(1970—),男,汉族,四川双流人,高级工程师。研究方向:新能源开发、清洁供能、地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:

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胡剑(1970—),男,汉族,四川双流人,高级工程师。研究方向:新能源开发、清洁供能、地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:

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胡剑(1970—),男,汉族,四川双流人,高级工程师。研究方向:新能源开发、清洁供能、地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:

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Petrochemical Technology, 2023(9): 184-186., articleTitle=Characteristics of Cambrian karst geothermal resources in the slope zone of Changshan uplift in the southern margin of southern North China Basin, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377110233461619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=67, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=52, authorNames=陆金波, 王丹丹, 丁郑军, journalName=中国煤炭地质, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陆金波, 王丹丹, 丁郑军. 广东省花岗岩地区水热型地热成藏要素及探测实例分析[J]. 中国煤炭地质, 2023, 35(3): 67-71., articleTitle=广东省花岗岩地区水热型地热成藏要素及探测实例分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377110380262264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=67, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=53, authorNames=Lu Jinbo, Wang Dandan, Ding Zhengjun, journalName=Coal Geology of China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lu Jinbo, Wang Dandan, Ding Zhengjun. Analysis of hydrothermal geothermal reservoir forming and survey case for granite areas in Guangdong[J]. Coal Geology of China, 2023, 35(3): 67-71., articleTitle=Analysis of hydrothermal geothermal reservoir forming and survey case for granite areas in Guangdong, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377110518674301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=94, issue=7, pageStart=2052, pageEnd=2064, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=54, authorNames=唐显春, 王贵玲, 马岩, journalName=地质学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=唐显春, 王贵玲, 马岩. 青海共和盆地地热资源热源机制与聚热模式[J]. 地质学报, 2020, 94(7): 2052-2064., articleTitle=青海共和盆地地热资源热源机制与聚热模式, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377110678057857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=94, issue=7, pageStart=2052, pageEnd=2064, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=55, authorNames=Tang Xianchun, Wang Guiling, Ma Yan, journalName=Acta Geoscientica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang Xianchun, Wang Guiling, Ma Yan. Geological model of heat source and accumulation for geothermal anomalies in the Gonghe Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2020, 94(7): 2052-2064., articleTitle=Geological model of heat source and accumulation for geothermal anomalies in the Gonghe Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377110787109765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=49, issue=6, pageStart=1765, pageEnd=1777, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=56, authorNames=王龙平, 魏永霞, 程宏超, journalName=中国地质, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王龙平, 魏永霞, 程宏超, . 安徽长江经济带地热资源赋存特征及潜力评价[J]. 中国地质, 2022, 49(6): 1765-1777., articleTitle=安徽长江经济带地热资源赋存特征及潜力评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377110917133192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=49, issue=6, pageStart=1765, pageEnd=1777, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=57, authorNames=Wang Longping, Wei Yongxia, Cheng Hongchao, journalName=Geoscience, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Longping, Wei Yongxia, Cheng Hongchao, et al. 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Geoscience, 2022, 49(6): 1765-1777., articleTitle=Characteristics and potential evaluation of geothermal resources in Anhui of Yangtze River Economic Zone, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377111135237010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=22, issue=2, pageStart=604, pageEnd=608, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=58, authorNames=张鹏, 王良书, 刘绍文, journalName=地球物理学进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张鹏, 王良书, 刘绍文, . 南华北盆地群地温场研究[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2007, 22(2): 604-608., articleTitle=南华北盆地群地温场研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377111294620568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=22, issue=2, pageStart=604, pageEnd=608, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=59, authorNames=Zhang Peng, Wang Liangshu, Liu Shaowen, journalName=Progress in Geophysics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Peng, Wang Liangshu, Liu Shaowen, et al. Geothermal field in the South Huabei Basins[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22(2): 604-608., articleTitle=Geothermal field in the South Huabei Basins, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377111437226904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=55, issue=3, pageStart=428, pageEnd=434, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=60, authorNames=何争光, 刘池洋, 赵俊峰, journalName=地质论评, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何争光, 刘池洋, 赵俊峰, . 华北克拉通南部地区现今地温场特征及其地质意义[J]. 地质论评, 2009, 55(3): 428-434., articleTitle=华北克拉通南部地区现今地温场特征及其地质意义, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1261377111592416156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=55, issue=3, pageStart=428, pageEnd=434, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=61, authorNames=He Zhengguang, Liu Chiyang, Zhao Junfeng, journalName=Geological Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He Zhengguang, Liu Chiyang, Zhao Junfeng, et al. A study on geothermal field and its geological significance in southern area of the North China Craton[J]. Geological Review, 2009, 55(3): 428-434., articleTitle=A study on geothermal field and its geological significance in southern area of the North China Craton, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1261377098648793716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, awardId=XNS-JS2023-83, language=CN, fundingSource=中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司科技项目(XNS-JS2023-83), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1261377022727696475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261377022752862301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, companyId=1261377022727696475, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, PetroChina, Chengdu 610051, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261377023046463582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, companyId=1261377022727696475, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司, 成都 610051)]), AuthorCompany(id=1261377023637860457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261377023713357931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, companyId=1261377023637860457, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing GEM Flower Energy Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1261377023864352876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, companyId=1261377023637860457, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京宝石花能源科技有限公司, 北京 100061)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1261377084392354268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Division of tectonic units and fault distribution of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=y8Nk1aed1ROV0Hx8KFvzXQ==, figureFileBig=KDiHdmgzwBzy0zxt2IbGtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377085197660641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图1, caption=周口坳陷构造划分及断裂分布图

F1为郸亳断裂;F2为新站社断裂;F3为商水断裂;F4为秋梁集断裂;F5为倪秋集断裂;F6为光双断裂;F7为襄郏断裂;F8为鲁山—舞阳—阜阳—淮南断裂;F9为舞阳断裂;F10为新桥断裂;F11为射同断裂;F12为殷湾断裂;F13为三桥断裂;F14为太和断裂;F15为临泉断裂;F16为杨桥断裂;F17为阜阳断裂;F18为太和南断裂;F19为驻马店断裂;F20为拐河—确山断裂;F21为栾川—确山—固始—肥中断裂;F22为夏邑—涡阳—麻城断裂;F23为阜阳—固始断裂;F24为新蔡东断裂;F25为周楼断裂;F26为遂平断裂;F27为南阳—方程断裂

, figureFileSmall=y8Nk1aed1ROV0Hx8KFvzXQ==, figureFileBig=KDiHdmgzwBzy0zxt2IbGtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377088137867760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=SW-NE trend geological structural profile in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=68qBIG/JOutla8TCOBpi6A==, figureFileBig=QsICZc6lnFYzz0SROtYCDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377088523743732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图2, caption=周口坳陷西南部南西-北东向地质结构剖面图, figureFileSmall=68qBIG/JOutla8TCOBpi6A==, figureFileBig=QsICZc6lnFYzz0SROtYCDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377088985117175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Contour map of formation thickness for Neogene-Quaternary in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=/vSZkpRzJBhM+08oNvzLww==, figureFileBig=A/ucFnwfabeRKJTx3MkINg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377089521988095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图3, caption=周口坳陷西南部新近系-第四系地层厚度平面分布图, figureFileSmall=/vSZkpRzJBhM+08oNvzLww==, figureFileBig=A/ucFnwfabeRKJTx3MkINg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377090251796996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Contour map of residual formation thickness for Paleogene in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=scTRoh9EmSLUgaaawT5Nxw==, figureFileBig=Xt3bEPhg8uTjh4/F2FNWHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377092353143313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图4, caption=周口坳陷西南部古近系残余地层厚度平面分布图, figureFileSmall=scTRoh9EmSLUgaaawT5Nxw==, figureFileBig=Xt3bEPhg8uTjh4/F2FNWHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377092692881944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Contour map of residual formation thickness for Cambrian-Ordovician in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=+KO4rjaJ+qqjMhUAoTtVcw==, figureFileBig=BvGIiYnonh9diLZT78a1hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377093116506655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图5, caption=周口坳陷西南部寒武系-奥陶系残余地层厚度平面分布图, figureFileSmall=+KO4rjaJ+qqjMhUAoTtVcw==, figureFileBig=BvGIiYnonh9diLZT78a1hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377093540131365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Relationship between borehole temperature and depth of geothermal well in Pingyu County, figureFileSmall=7i2URKO9T9/aNrETMM0xLA==, figureFileBig=zbpbY5Cn7b+e8c3WOU9GUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377093892452913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图6, caption=平舆县某地热井温度-深度关系图, figureFileSmall=7i2URKO9T9/aNrETMM0xLA==, figureFileBig=zbpbY5Cn7b+e8c3WOU9GUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377094215414326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Contour map of geothermal flow in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=8tr0LIBXvo0ADHIHXtmklg==, figureFileBig=L3KqnUCRkjcxHfz1OlSUhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377094488044095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图7, caption=周口坳陷西南部大地热流平面分布图, figureFileSmall=8tr0LIBXvo0ADHIHXtmklg==, figureFileBig=L3KqnUCRkjcxHfz1OlSUhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377094706147909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Relationship between δ18O and δD of geothermal water samples in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=N3B1nkv1tFakTgVYz6Q5nA==, figureFileBig=iT2n3imDlLSF3dn1zABPzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377096371286601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图8, caption=周口坳陷西南部地热水δ18O与δD的关系图, figureFileSmall=N3B1nkv1tFakTgVYz6Q5nA==, figureFileBig=iT2n3imDlLSF3dn1zABPzg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377096555835984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Genetic mechanism of geothermal system in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=HGpwYDDvTqQvtRfhJc4hOg==, figureFileBig=YWR3Zqb0/1yVrFBqQeYAXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377096933323350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图9, caption=周口坳陷西南部地热系统成因模式

①为栾川—确山—固始—肥中断裂;②为拐河—确山断裂;③为驻马店断裂;④为三桥断裂;⑤为临泉断裂

, figureFileSmall=HGpwYDDvTqQvtRfhJc4hOg==, figureFileBig=YWR3Zqb0/1yVrFBqQeYAXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377097558274650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Distribution map of favorable districts for the geothermal resources in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression, figureFileSmall=p7V4kGsuXVHHpjl4ve1U9A==, figureFileBig=5341SjXa24mhx5FZ75CyGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1261377097998676579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149781954486297493, language=CN, label=图10, caption=周口坳陷西南部地热资源有利区块分布图

F1为郸亳断裂;F2为新站社断裂;F3为商水断裂;F4为秋梁集断裂;F5为倪秋集断裂;F6为光双断裂;F7为襄郏断裂;F8为鲁山—舞阳—阜阳—淮南断裂;F9为舞阳断裂;F10为新桥断裂;F11为射同断裂;F12为殷湾断裂;F13为三桥断裂;F14为太和断裂;F15为临泉断裂;F16为杨桥断裂;F17为阜阳断裂;F18为太和南断裂;F19为驻马店断裂;F20为拐河—确山断裂;F21为栾川—确山—固始—肥中断裂;F22为夏邑—涡阳—麻城断裂;F23为阜阳—固始断裂;F24为新蔡东断裂;F25为周楼断裂;F26为遂平断裂;F27为南阳—方程断裂

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周口坳陷西南部地热资源赋存特征及开发前景
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胡剑 1 , 王道成 1 , 徐凌 1 , 刘蔷 1 , 高阳 2, * , 冷济高 2 , 潘良云 2 , 曹海丽 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·天文学、地球科学 2025,25(9): 3545-3554
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·天文学、地球科学 2025, 25(9): 3545-3554
周口坳陷西南部地热资源赋存特征及开发前景
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胡剑1 , 王道成1, 徐凌1, 刘蔷1, 高阳2, * , 冷济高2, 潘良云2, 曹海丽2
作者信息
  • 1 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司, 成都 610051
  • 2 北京宝石花能源科技有限公司, 北京 100061
  • 胡剑(1970—),男,汉族,四川双流人,高级工程师。研究方向:新能源开发、清洁供能、地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 高阳(1988—),男,汉族,辽宁朝阳人,博士,工程师。研究方向:石油地质,地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:
Occurrence Characteristics and Development Prospect of Geothermal Resources in the Southwest of Zhoukou Depression
Jian HU1 , Dao-cheng WANG1, Ling XU1, Qiang LIU1, Yang GAO2, * , Ji-gao LENG2, Liang-yun PAN2, Hai-li CAO2
Affiliations
  • 1 Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, PetroChina, Chengdu 610051, China
  • 2 Beijing GEM Flower Energy Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100061, China
出版时间: 2025-03-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403301
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地热资源赋存特征及成因模式是地热资源开发的重要依据。基于区内各类钻孔、地球物理及地球化学资料,在明确储盖、温度特征基础上,对热源、通道、补给要素开展研究,建立周口坳陷西南部地热系统成因模式,进而评价其开发前景。研究区赋存低温沉积盆地型地热资源,幔源热是主要热源,南冷北热,凸起区大地热流高于凹陷区,可达70 mW/m2以上。平均地温梯度为2.8 ℃/hm左右,为传导型传热,断裂的发育也促进了深部热流的上涌,局部存在热对流增温作用。同位素分析显示补给来自西部低山丘陵的大气降水,在裸露区下渗后沿渗透地层、不整合面向东部运移并被加热增温。新近系、古近系砂岩孔隙、寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶孔洞是流体主要赋存空间。第四系与新近系上部发育的粉砂、黏土沉积构成了良好的隔水隔热盖层。目前新近系开发利用风险最小,热储底板埋深400~1 400 m,向北埋深增大,砂地比平均40.9%,水量40~60 m3/h,井口水温43~48 ℃。最终落实4个孔隙型地热资源开发有利区,3个岩溶型地热资源开发有利区。

地热资源  /  赋存特征  /  成因模式  /  周口坳陷  /  驻马店市

The occurrence characteristics and genetic models of geothermal resources is an important basis for the development of geothermal resources. Drilling data, geophysical and geochemical data was applied to analyze the thermal reservoir, cap rock, heat sources, channels and supply elements, and the genetic model of geothermal system in the southwest of Zhoukou Depression was established. The development prospect was also evaluated. The geothermal resources in study area can be divided into sedimentation basin type with low temperature. Mantle derived heat is the main heat source, and the geothermal flow in the north part is higher than that in the south part, also in the protruding area is higher than that in the depressed area, reaching over 70 mW/m2. The average geothermal gradient is about 2.8 ℃/hm, dominated by heat conduction system. Isotope analysis shows that the supply source comes from atmospheric precipitation in the western low mountains and hills, which infiltrates through the exposed area and moves along permeable strata and unconformity towards the east, and is heated and warmed up. The pores of the Neogene and Paleogene sandstones, as well as the karst pores of the Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate rocks, are the main storage spaces for fluids. The silt and clay deposits developed in the upper part of the Quaternary and Neogene systems form a good waterproof and thermal insulation cover layer. The development and utilization risk of the Neogene system is the lowest, with a floor depth of 400~1 400 m, increasing towards the north. The average sand to soil ratio is 40.9%, with a water flow between 40~60 m3/h and a wellhead temperature of 43~48 ℃. The development of faults also promotes the upwelling of deep heat flow, and there is a local thermal convection warming effect. Finally, four favorable development area for porous geothermal resources and three favorable areas for karst resources were identified.

geothermal resource  /  occurrence characteristic  /  genetic mechanism  /  Zhoukou Depression  /  Zhumadian City
胡剑, 王道成, 徐凌, 刘蔷, 高阳, 冷济高, 潘良云, 曹海丽. 周口坳陷西南部地热资源赋存特征及开发前景. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (9) : 3545 -3554 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403301
Jian HU, Dao-cheng WANG, Ling XU, Qiang LIU, Yang GAO, Ji-gao LENG, Liang-yun PAN, Hai-li CAO. Occurrence Characteristics and Development Prospect of Geothermal Resources in the Southwest of Zhoukou Depression[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (9) : 3545 -3554 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403301
地热资源是一种清洁可再生资源,具有分布广、储量大、开发成本低等特点,对于节能减排、改善环境具有重要作用[1-3]。地热资源的形成包括热源、热储、通道、盖层、流体等要素,对其赋存特征与成因模式的准确认识是高效勘探开发的重要前提[4-5]。中国对于地热资源的系统研究始自20世纪90年代,已取得了丰硕的成果:在热源方面,学者针对不同地区提出了“三元聚热”“四元聚热”模式[6-7],从岩石圈结构、岩石热导率、构造等方面探讨了地温场分布规律与主控因素[8-9];在热储方面,对新近系、侏罗系-白垩系、寒武系-奥陶系、蓟县系-长城系等不同类型热储的发育特征、产水量等均有了一定认识[10-12];建立了隆起山地型与沉积盆地型不同地热资源的成因模式[13-15],为地热资源的勘探开发提供了宝贵的指导资料。
周口坳陷在地理上横跨河南、安徽两省,地热资源丰富,研究区在行政区域上主要覆盖了驻马店市除泌阳县以外的1区8县。勘探成果证实该区水热型地热资源丰富,为沉积盆地型低温地热资源。目前已开发地热田主要位于在上蔡、新蔡、平舆、遂平县城,地热水主要用于洗浴。2009年吴继新等[16]对遂平地热田的地球化学、热储结构等进行了论述,随后刘华平等[17-18]采用物探与地球化学调查方法,对遂平、驿城、新蔡的地热资源赋存特征分别开展了研究,陈志华等[19]则通过数值模拟方法,对上蔡地热田的开采潜力进行了分析。通过总结前人成果,发现对该区地热资源的研究还局限在局部地热田,且主要是对个别地热要素的单独描述,对于区域上的地热赋存规律、地热成因模式还缺乏探讨。因此,现以周口坳陷西南部作为研究对象而对整个地热系统开展研究,通过各类钻孔与地球物理资料明确各套热储空间展布与温度特征,通过地球化学分析等落实流体补给源及运移通道,进而通过“源、储、通、盖”的耦合研究,建立研究区地热系统成因模式,评价其开发潜力,以期为下一步勘探开发提供参考。
周口坳陷位于南华北盆地中部,北临太康隆起,东与淮北隆起、蚌阜隆起相接,南以驻马店断裂与豫西-长山隆起相邻,为一中-新生代断陷盆地[20]。坳陷现今表现为“三凹两凸”构造格局,研究区位于周口坳陷西南部,构造单元上主要包括舞阳凹陷、平舆—太和凸起、驻马店—淮滨凹陷、临泉凹陷及豫西—长山隆起部分地区(图1)。研究区基底主要为太古界变质岩,向上依次发育寒武系-奥陶系海相沉积、石炭系-二叠系海陆交互相含煤沉积、中生界山前粗碎屑沉积与滨浅湖沉积、新生界河湖相砂泥岩沉积(图2)。
研究区与华北地块南缘构造带构造演化基本一致,古生代以来相继经历了板块构造作用阶段(寒武纪-三叠纪)、陆内造山阶段(侏罗纪-白垩纪)、陆内裂陷-坳陷阶段(古近纪-第四纪)[21]。长期复杂的演化历史形成了不同类型的地热流体储层与盖层,奠定了地热资源的赋存基础。此外研究区构造变形复杂,发育多期不同规模断裂,主要为NW走向,NE走向次之,其中NW走向断裂是主要的控凹断层,对研究区的水热活动有一定控制作用。
研究区发育两类热储:①砂岩孔隙型热储,主要为新近系与古近系砂岩热储;②碳酸盐岩岩溶型热储,主要为寒武系-奥陶系碳酸盐岩热储。目前新近系是地热开发主要层位,其次为古近系,寒武系-奥陶系地热田在邻区见有报道。区域盖层为新近系与第四系沉积。
在南华北地区区域沉降背景下,周口坳陷在新近纪进入坳陷阶段[22],形成了一套河湖相沉积,展布稳定,受断裂影响较小。地层整体向豫西—长山隆起方向尖灭,在遂平—正阳一带厚度一般不足500 m,向北东方向厚度逐渐增大,在上蔡、新蔡一带可达800 m以上,在周口市则可达1 600 m以上(图3)。显然随着厚度增大,热储底板埋深也由南向北逐渐增大,在驻马店市新近系底界埋深最大可达1 400 m。
河道砂体的发育为热储的形成奠定了良好的物质基础。根据实钻数据统计,新近系热储岩性主要为细砂岩、中细砂岩及砂砾岩,尤其是下部底砾岩普遍发育。砂地比一般分布在29.1%~53.8%,平均40.9%,单层砂岩厚度一般9.0~16.4 m,平均11.6 m。砂岩孔隙度平均22%。根据上蔡、平舆、新蔡城区地热井产水情况,新近系产水量在40~60 m3/h,最大可达95.9 m3/h,井口温度38~45 ℃。
古近纪周口坳陷分隔强烈,形成了多沉积中心的箕状断陷格局[21],在凹陷内沉积了巨厚的砂泥岩地层。驻马店—淮滨凹陷地层厚度较大,一般500~1 500 m,而在北部的舞阳凹陷,地层厚度可达2 000 m以上。在平舆-太和凸起区厚度整体较薄,一般500 m左右(图4)。
目前钻遇古近系钻孔较少,所揭示古近系沉积粒度较细,砂岩发育程度也较差。位于遂平县城的SR1井古近系顶部为一套棕红色、紫红色黏土岩、砂质黏土岩夹泥质粉细砂岩,下部为深灰色、灰褐色黏土岩夹浅灰色粉细砂岩及钙质砂岩,为一套还原环境下的浅湖-深湖相沉积[16]。整体砂地比一般16%左右,单层砂岩厚度一般1.5~15.1 m,平均3.9 m。由于泥质含量较大、成岩程度高,古近系热储富水性较差,SR1井在降深124.8 m情况下,涌水量仅14.02 m3/h,渗透系数0.028 m/d[17]
需要注意的是,由于不同凹陷的构造演化并不同步,在不同凹陷所沉积的地层(包括时代与沉积相等)也不尽相同[21,23],因此古近系热储在横向上的差异可能较大,对其认识还有待更详尽的资料来论证。
早古生代,南华北地区沉积了巨厚的碳酸盐岩地层,而后期的表生岩溶改造作用则促成了岩溶热储的形成。根据区域构造演化,周口坳陷在寒武系-奥陶系沉积后至少经历2次抬升剥蚀:加里东运动使南华北地区整体抬升,寒武系-奥陶系地层遭受了1.4亿年的风化剥蚀,形成了与上古生界的不整合[24];印支运动时期,地层再次抬升受到不同程度的剥蚀,部分地区三叠系、二叠系已被剥蚀殆尽,形成了寒武系-奥陶系与新近系的不整合[24-25]
残余地层厚度图显示,研究区寒武系-奥陶系主要分布在遂平—正阳—新蔡一带,即主要在驻马店-淮滨凹陷、临泉凹陷展布,厚度最大1 000 m左右,自新蔡向北东方向厚度有所增大,可达1 600 m。在平舆—太和凸起的西部,即上蔡—平舆一带不发育该套地层,而西平北部的舞阳凹陷残余厚度可达600 m(图5)。
目前钻遇寒武系-奥陶系的钻孔主要位于驿城、确山一带,地层向南西方向尖灭,顶面埋深较浅,一般210~500 m,向北东埋深逐渐增大。岩性主要为灰色、深灰色灰岩、白云质灰岩,局部见角砾状灰岩。在多口钻孔中均发现了碳酸盐岩溶蚀现象,可见蜂窝状溶蚀,溶洞1~2 cm,部分被泥质充填。目前关于寒武系-奥陶系热储富水性报道仅见于研究区北部舞阳凹陷,该区发育以寒武系为主要产水层的地热田,顶面埋深1 000~2 100 m,水量在60~75 m3/h,井口水温60~85 ℃[26]
对地热系统来说,盖层要起到隔水隔热的作用。研究区地热系统的盖层主要由第四系与新近系上部发育的粉砂质黏土、黏土、粉细砂岩组成,一方面其粒度细、物性差,可作为一套良好的隔水层。另一方面其泥质含量较高、热导率低,具有较好的隔热性能。钻孔揭露研究区第四系松散层厚度基本在200 m左右,在全区均有分布。新近系黏土最大单层厚度可达74 m,累计厚度可达200 m以上,能够对来自深部的地热资源进行有效保护。
研究收集到1口地热井连续测温数据,其余钻井热储温度由地热井成井时的井口温度代表。目前研究区内地热井主要针对新近系取水,成井深度920~1 100 m,热储温度38~45 ℃,平均地温梯度2.8 ℃/100 m左右。SR1井钻遇了较厚的古近系,并在860~983 m和1 235.7~1 451 m井段进行取水,热储温度可达50.5 ℃。
平舆某地热井连续测温数据表明,温度随深度的增加呈线性增加,符合传导型地温曲线特点。但该井不同时代地层地温梯度呈现分段现象,新近系与第四系地温梯度较小,平均1.9 ℃/100 m,而古近系地温梯度平均可达2.84 ℃/100 m(图6)。同时在古近系顶界850 m深度处,地层温度变化存在明显阶梯变化,说明古近系顶部具有良好的隔热性能,从而热流向上传导时遇阻而聚集于此,导致地温梯度显著增高[7,16]
研究区地热流体成分中以Na+、HC${\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$、S${\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}$为主,但不同层位有所差异。新近系地热水成熟度偏低,水样中Na+含量156.3~342.3 mg/L,阴离子以HC${\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$为主,一般253.7~544.7 mg/L,显著高于Cl-${\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}$,水化学类型为HC${\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$-Na+,溶解总固体450.5~982.9 mg/L,pH一般为7.3~8.1,偏硅酸31.2 mg/L,具有一定理疗价值。而根据SR1井水样分析结果,古近系地下水中Na+含量可达955.2 mg/L,阴离子以S${\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}$占绝对优势,水化学类型为S${\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}$-Na+,溶解总固体3 328.9 mg/L,pH为7.6。其中偏硅酸32.5 mg/L,硫化氢1.13 mg/L,偏硅酸32.5 mg/L,偏硼酸3.48 mg/L,可用于医疗、洗浴[16-17]
地热系统的热源主要包括地幔热、岩体放射性元素衰变生热及岩浆余热[27]。研究区火山活动主要发生于燕山期,与陆内造山阶段相对应,岩浆岩主要分布在驻马店—淮滨凹陷,大体沿驻马店断裂分布,岩性主要为花岗岩、安山岩、玄武岩,K-Ar同位素测年显示,区内玄武岩年龄为135 Ma[21,23]。而花岗岩冷却时间一般5~8 Ma[28],即研究区晚侏罗世-早白垩世花岗岩余热供热能力已微乎其微。而根据放射性测试结果,研究区放射性整体处于低水平,深部地幔热应是主要热源。
莫霍面的起伏直接影响着地幔的供热量[11]。周口坳陷莫霍面深度具有南高北低的特点,在驻马店—淮滨凹陷区以北深度较小,多小于34 km,有利于热流向地表传导,向南东方向则逐渐加大,埋深可达37 km。相应地,大地热流具有北高南低的特点,在北部的临颍-郸城凸起,热流值可高达80 mW/m2以上,平舆-太和凸起区热流值为74.7~84.0 mW/m2,均高于中国大地热流均值63 mW/m2(图7)。向南至驻马店—淮滨凹陷,热流值基本小于40 mW/m2。可以看出凸起区热流要高于凹陷区,这也正是是热流在传导过程中趋于向热阻小、热导率高部位偏移而产生“热折射”的结果[13],即研究区凹凸相间的格局使得凸起区更易形成地热异常区。
采用氢氧稳定同位素与14C来分析研究区地热水补给源。不同来源的水在氢、氧同位素上会有所不同[3]。根据地热流体同位素分析结果,δD一般为-82‰~-65‰,δ18O主要为-10.1‰~-8.7‰,基本分布在全球大气降水线附近(图8),说明地热水主要源于大气降水的补给。依据区域地质条件,地热水补给区可能位于西部、西南部遂平、确山一带低山丘陵区。部分样品点落在大气降水线下方,存在一定的氧同位素正漂移现象,说明地热水循环过程中通过水岩反应而发生了同位素交换,水中18O增高[29]
对比来看,汝南、平舆、新蔡及上蔡部分样品点的偏移较为明显。而从地热流体14C年龄分析结果可知,遂平城区为26.4~30.3 ka,汝南城区为29.3~33.5 ka,上蔡城区为34.9~39.2 ka。即地热流体距离补给区越远,地热流体年龄越大,运移时间越长,水岩反应也更为充分,这也进一步佐证了研究区地热水是由南西向东、北东方向运移。
地热系统的导热、导水通道主要包括渗透性岩层与断裂两种[5]。新生界较为连续的渗透性砂层、构造运动形成的不整合面均可作为研究区流体运移通道。此外,新生代以来的拉张背景使得研究区发育一系列张性断层,也有利于流体的对流活动。
水分析结果显示,驻马店断裂以东地区浅层各化学组分的平均值可高出断裂以西两倍之多,可能正是深部流体通过断裂上涌至浅部,进而影响了浅层地下水的化学组分所致。深部热量也会随着流体介质向上运移。前人研究表明周口坳陷西南部地温梯度平均为2.25 ℃/100 m[30-31],而该区域的大地热流也基本在50 mW/m2以下,基本为低温异常。但从驿城、遂平地热钻井测温结果看,地温梯度为2.9 ℃/100 m,其中驿城区处于驻马店断裂带上,而遂平城区位于驻马店断裂与遂平断裂交汇部位,即断裂破碎带的存在可能形成了热水上涌通道,并在断层附近形成了一定的地热异常区。吴继新等在遂平城区断裂附近检测到了汞的高异常分布,也进一步证明了深部热流活动的存在[16]
综上,周口坳陷西南部发育低温地热资源,新近系、古近系砂岩热储、寒武系-奥陶系岩溶热储是流体主要赋存空间。地热系统在遂平西部的低山丘陵区接受大气降水补给,沿着渗透性岩层、寒武系-奥陶系岩溶裂隙及地层不整合面等向东、北东方向运移富集。地幔热是主要热源,通过热传导方式为地热系统加热增温,而受控于大地热流“南冷北热”特点,研究区地温梯度整体偏低,其中凸起区可能相对要高于凹陷区。同时张性断裂的发育促成了局部的热对流活动,对地下水也起到了一定的加热作用,在断裂附近,尤其是不同断裂交汇部位也可形成地热异常区。第四系与新近系上部的黏土沉积起到了良好的隔水、保温作用,最终在研究区形成了以层状热储为主的地热系统(图9)。
基于埋深、热储温度、富水性、热储空间连续性及资料落实程度等因素,对3套热储开发前景开展评价。
新近系展布受断裂影响较小,地层对比也显示热储展布相对稳定,热储物性、富水性落实程度较高,在3套热储中开发利用风险最小,埋深是决定其水温、水量的主要因素。若以热储温度>35 ℃(对应埋深700 m)作为有利区优选原则,则新近系有利区带主要位于驻马店市东北部(图10),尤其是在西平、上蔡、平舆及新蔡城区,新近系底界埋深可在900 m以上,是地热资源开发的有利靶区。
对于古近系热储,目前在研究区内暂未见其富水性较好的直接证据,但驻马店—淮滨凹陷与板桥凹陷均沉积了较厚的古近系,经历了较为完整的湖盆构造-沉积演化,在这一过程中所发育的盆缘河流-三角洲沉积可形成优质的地热流体储集空间。此外在该区域也有控凹断裂的发育,因此,若要尝试打开古近系热储开发的局面,可优先在汝南城区、驿城区西南部开展进一步的勘探、钻探工作。
寒武系-奥陶系热储的发育已在西平西部的舞阳凹陷得到证实。而在驿城区东南部至正阳一带,即驻马店断裂下盘,寒武系-奥陶系顶面埋深可达500 m以上,其上与石炭系-二叠系或新近系直接接触,具有岩溶发育基础,另外也叠加了一定断裂热对流作用,具备一定资源潜力。此外在汝南城区东南部、新蔡城区东部及东北部,寒武系-奥陶系顶面埋深在1 000~3 500 m,若岩溶热储发育其出水温度可达50 ℃以上,甚至可超过100 ℃,也有望成为研究区岩溶热储开发的有利区块。
(1)周口坳陷西南部赋存低温地热资源,由西部低山丘陵接受大气降水补给,沿渗透性地层、不整合面向东、北东运移富集,现存为距今26~40 ka的次现代水。
(2)大地热流北高南低、凸起区高于凹陷区,由热传导为流体加热,新生代以来张性断裂的发育也促成了局部的热对流作用,平均地温梯度2.8 ℃/100 m,新生界上部的松散黏土沉积起到了保温阻水作用。
(3)新近系是目前揭示主要富水层系,砂地比平均40.9%,单层砂岩厚度平均11.6 m,孔隙度平均22%,在西平—上蔡—平舆—新蔡一线及以北区域埋深适中,可获得较好的地热开发效果。
(4)寒武系-奥陶系岩溶型热储在汝南城区东南部、驿城区东南部及新蔡城区东北部可具有一定勘探开发潜力。目前揭示古近系砂岩热储富水性较差,但其横向变化较大,还有待更详尽资料去论证。
  • 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司科技项目(XNS-JS2023-83)
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2025年第25卷第9期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403301
  • 接收时间:2024-05-06
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-03-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-06
  • 修回日期:2024-12-23
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中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司科技项目(XNS-JS2023-83)
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    1 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司, 成都 610051
    2 北京宝石花能源科技有限公司, 北京 100061

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* 高阳(1988—),男,汉族,辽宁朝阳人,博士,工程师。研究方向:石油地质,地热资源评价及开发。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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