Article(id=1149780470201803118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404408, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1718208000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-13, revisedDate=1737043200000, revisedDateStr=2025-01-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058625983, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1744041600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058625983, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058625983, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058625983, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149780466032669506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='10', pageStart='3969', pageEnd='4395', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058624990, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456644259, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218558743898411553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218558743898411554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4292, endPage=4299, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149780470394741105, articleId=1149780470201803118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Virtual Fuzzy Decision-Making Technology of Bridge Construction Scheme, columnId=1156262729917780302, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Architectural Science, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The construction decision of special geological area is very important and complicated. The uncertainty of geological conditions will directly affect the selection and implementation of construction scheme. In order to solve the non-equilibrium problem among the “five control” objectives (time limit, cost, quality, safety and environmental protection) of the bridge construction scheme in the complex special geological area of Southwest China, the network planning technology and BIM(building information modeling) were combined. BIM visualization technology, fuzzy set theory and GRA(grey correlation analysis) were integrated into the optimization of bridge construction schemes in complex special geological areas. HFMD(hybrid fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making model) based on duration-cost-quality-safety-environmental protection was established, and a visualization system of construction process was constructed by using Python and BIM technology. Assisted managers to make decisions, and the result met the “five control” index comprehensive optimization scheme, and the construction period was advanced by 10 days, and the cost was reduced by 3.1%, which proved the practicability and effectiveness of this model A and method. It provides a reference for the decision of bridge construction scheme in complex special geological area.

, correspAuthors=Xiao-chen DUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jing YANG, Peng-xin DUAN, Yu-qiu HE, Hui WANG, Xiao-chen DUAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149780486567977572, articleId=1149780470201803118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案虚拟模糊决策技术研究, columnId=1156262730517565784, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·建筑科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

特殊地质地区的施工决策极为重要且复杂多变,地质条件的不确定性会直接影响施工方案的选择和实施。为解决西南复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案“五控”目标(工期、成本、质量、安全、环保)之间非均衡性难题,将网络计划技术与建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)可视化技术、模糊集理论和灰色关联分析(grey relational analysis,GRA)集成应用到复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案优选中,建立基于工期-成本-质量-安全-环保的混合模糊多属性决策模型(hybrid fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making model,HFMD),并运用Python与BIM技术构建施工过程可视化系统,辅助管理人员进行决策,结果满足“五控”指标综合优化方案,并且工期提前10 d,成本降低3.1%,证明了此模A型和方法的实用性和有效性。为复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案决策提供了参考。

, correspAuthors=段晓晨, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 段晓晨(1962—),男,汉族,山东招远人,博士,教授。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:
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杨静(1998—),女,汉族,河北保定人,硕士研究生。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:

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杨静(1998—),女,汉族,河北保定人,硕士研究生。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:

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杨静(1998—),女,汉族,河北保定人,硕士研究生。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:

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DOI: 10.13991/j.cnki.jem.2023.04.010., articleTitle=Statistical analysis of domestic subway construction accidents based on GRA, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1218525120461721862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=102, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=35, authorNames=段晓晨, 董茹萍, 郝晶晶, journalName=铁道工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=段晓晨, 董茹萍, 郝晶晶. 交通建设项目投资方案智能决策方法研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2022, 39(5): 102-107., articleTitle=交通建设项目投资方案智能决策方法研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1218525120528830729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=102, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Duan Xiaochen, Dong Ruping, Hao Jingjing, journalName=Journal of Railway Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Duan Xiaochen, Dong Ruping, Hao Jingjing. Research on intelligent decision method for investment scheme of transportation construction project[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering, 2022, 39(5): 102-107., articleTitle=Research on intelligent decision method for investment scheme of transportation construction project, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1218525116565213248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, awardId=72071133, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(72071133), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1218525116682653767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, awardId=20220209, language=CN, fundingSource=河北大地园林有限公司开发项目(20220209), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1218525109292290535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525109300679142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, companyId=1218525109292290535, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Management, Shijiazhuang Railway University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525109309067751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, companyId=1218525109292290535, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 石家庄铁道大学管理学院, 石家庄 050043)]), AuthorCompany(id=1218525109430702581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525109439091190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, companyId=1218525109430702581, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525109464257018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, companyId=1218525109430702581, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 河北经贸大学数学与统计学院, 石家庄 050061)]), AuthorCompany(id=1218525109627834894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525109636223503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, companyId=1218525109627834894, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Guangzhou Leyao Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525109644612111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, companyId=1218525109627834894, language=CN, country=null, 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caption=系统主菜单, figureFileSmall=hR6OtkS6xsBjmMFjStnBtQ==, figureFileBig=c9522tf9QsduRig1Z5koLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218525113952162709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Geological condition of special bridge, figureFileSmall=WniEm5+v6PDsJ8YVgx8PXw==, figureFileBig=yLceZxp4vttVRRXfzmFZlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218525114090574753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=图3, caption=特大桥地质情况, figureFileSmall=WniEm5+v6PDsJ8YVgx8PXw==, figureFileBig=yLceZxp4vttVRRXfzmFZlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218525114329650093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Concrete placement animation, figureFileSmall=nkFfiE9kpwgBaVygr9vh+g==, figureFileBig=fyOShVWfPYiv4SY/0F4/Ww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218525114493227961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=图4, caption=T梁预制动画, figureFileSmall=nkFfiE9kpwgBaVygr9vh+g==, figureFileBig=fyOShVWfPYiv4SY/0F4/Ww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218525114602279873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Five-level fuzzy language index and its normalization (triangular fuzzy number)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模糊等级语言 三角模糊数 语言指标 规范化模糊数
A (6,6,8) 非常好 (0.75,1,1)
B (4,6,8) (0.5,0.75,1)
C (2,4,6) 一般 (0.25,0.5,1)
D (0,2,4) (0,0.25,0.5)
E (0,0,2) 非常差 (0,0,0.25)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525114707137479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

五级模糊语言指标及其规范化(三角模糊数)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模糊等级语言 三角模糊数 语言指标 规范化模糊数
A (6,6,8) 非常好 (0.75,1,1)
B (4,6,8) (0.5,0.75,1)
C (2,4,6) 一般 (0.25,0.5,1)
D (0,2,4) (0,0.25,0.5)
E (0,0,2) 非常差 (0,0,0.25)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525114849743828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Operation parameters of network plan for construction project of super large bridge

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 分部分项工程 紧前工序 作业模式 模糊工期 模糊成本 模糊质量 模糊安全 模糊环保
1 [29,32] [60.31,62.47] 较高
1 施工临时设施 2 [27,30] [61.52,63.23] 较低 一般 最高
3 [25,28] [62.45,64.58] 较低 较低
1 [88,95] [827.33,832.46] 最高 较高 最高
17 右线桥面系及附属工程施工 2 [85,92] [830.53,834.72] 较高 最高 一般
3 [81,89] [833.72,838.41] 较低 一般
), ArticleFig(id=1218525114971378652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

特大桥施工项目网络计划的作业参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 分部分项工程 紧前工序 作业模式 模糊工期 模糊成本 模糊质量 模糊安全 模糊环保
1 [29,32] [60.31,62.47] 较高
1 施工临时设施 2 [27,30] [61.52,63.23] 较低 一般 最高
3 [25,28] [62.45,64.58] 较低 较低
1 [88,95] [827.33,832.46] 最高 较高 最高
17 右线桥面系及附属工程施工 2 [85,92] [830.53,834.72] 较高 最高 一般
3 [81,89] [833.72,838.41] 较低 一般
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115101402089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Decision matrix R

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 作业模式 模糊工期 模糊成本 质量指标 安全指标 环保指标
1 [29,32] [60.31,62.47] (0.7,0.9,1) (0.7,0.9,1) (0.6,0.8,1)
1 2 [27,30] [61.52,63.23] (0,0.2,0.4) (0.3,0.5,0.7) (0.8,1,1)
3 [25,28] [62.45,64.58] (0,0.1,0.3) (0,0.2,0.4) (0,0.2,0.4)
1 [59,62] [20.01,21.38] (0.6,0.8,1) (0.6,0.8,1) (0.7,0.9,1)
2 2 [57,61] [21.39,22.08] (0.6,0.8,1) (0.7,0.9,1) (0.3,0.5,0.7)
3 [55,58] [21.43,22.17] (0,0.2,0.4) (0,0.1,0.3) (0,0.1,0.3)
1 [88,95] [827.33,832.46] (0.8,1,1) (0.6,0.8,1) (0.8,1,1)
17 2 [85,92] [830.53,834.72] (0.6,0.8,1) (0.8,1,1) (0.3,0.5,0.7)
3 [81,89] [833.72,838.41] (0,0.2,0.4) (0.3,0.5,0.7) (0,0.1,0.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115214648306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

决策矩阵R

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 作业模式 模糊工期 模糊成本 质量指标 安全指标 环保指标
1 [29,32] [60.31,62.47] (0.7,0.9,1) (0.7,0.9,1) (0.6,0.8,1)
1 2 [27,30] [61.52,63.23] (0,0.2,0.4) (0.3,0.5,0.7) (0.8,1,1)
3 [25,28] [62.45,64.58] (0,0.1,0.3) (0,0.2,0.4) (0,0.2,0.4)
1 [59,62] [20.01,21.38] (0.6,0.8,1) (0.6,0.8,1) (0.7,0.9,1)
2 2 [57,61] [21.39,22.08] (0.6,0.8,1) (0.7,0.9,1) (0.3,0.5,0.7)
3 [55,58] [21.43,22.17] (0,0.2,0.4) (0,0.1,0.3) (0,0.1,0.3)
1 [88,95] [827.33,832.46] (0.8,1,1) (0.6,0.8,1) (0.8,1,1)
17 2 [85,92] [830.53,834.72] (0.6,0.8,1) (0.8,1,1) (0.3,0.5,0.7)
3 [81,89] [833.72,838.41] (0,0.2,0.4) (0.3,0.5,0.7) (0,0.1,0.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115323700215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Normalized decision matrix X

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 作业模式 工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
1 [0.360 4,0.397 7] [0.408 6,0.421 9] (0.434 1,0.558 1,0.620 2) (0.383 6,0.493 2,0.548 0) (0.272 7,0.454 5,0.454 5)
1 2 [0.384 5,0.427 2] [0.402 4,0.413 6] (0.000 0,0.124 0,0.248 1) (0.164 4,0.274 0,0.383 6) (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5)
3 [0.411 9,0.461 4] [0.394 0,0.407 5] (0.000 0,0.062 0,0.186 0) (0.000 0,0.109 6,0.219 2) (0.000 0,0.181 8,0.181 8)
1 [0.384 9,0.404 5] [0.408 1,0.436 1] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.286 0,0.381 4,0.476 7) (0.389 5,0.500 8,0.556 4)
2 2 [0.391 3,0.418 7] [0.395 2,0.407 9] (0.292 8,0.390 4,0.487 9) (0.333 7,0.429 1,0.476 7) (0.166 9,0.278 2,0.389 5)
3 [0.411 5,0.433 9] [0.393 6,0.407 2] (0.000 0,0.097 6,0.195 2) (0.000 0,0.047 7,0.143 0) (0.000 0,0.055 6,0.166 9)
1 [0.378 6,0.408 8] [0.414 2,0.416 8] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.256 5,0.342 1,0.427 6) (0.423 4,0.529 3,0.529 3)
17 2 [0.391 0,0.423 2] [0.408 7,0.415 2] (0.272 7,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.342 1,0.427 6,0.427 6) (0.158 8,0.264 6,0.370 5)
3 [0.404 2,0.444 1] [0.411 3,0.413 6] (0.000 0,0.181 8,0.181 8) (0.128 3,0.213 8,0.299 3) (0.000 0,0.052 9,0.158 8)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115457916930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

规范化决策矩阵X

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 作业模式 工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
1 [0.360 4,0.397 7] [0.408 6,0.421 9] (0.434 1,0.558 1,0.620 2) (0.383 6,0.493 2,0.548 0) (0.272 7,0.454 5,0.454 5)
1 2 [0.384 5,0.427 2] [0.402 4,0.413 6] (0.000 0,0.124 0,0.248 1) (0.164 4,0.274 0,0.383 6) (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5)
3 [0.411 9,0.461 4] [0.394 0,0.407 5] (0.000 0,0.062 0,0.186 0) (0.000 0,0.109 6,0.219 2) (0.000 0,0.181 8,0.181 8)
1 [0.384 9,0.404 5] [0.408 1,0.436 1] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.286 0,0.381 4,0.476 7) (0.389 5,0.500 8,0.556 4)
2 2 [0.391 3,0.418 7] [0.395 2,0.407 9] (0.292 8,0.390 4,0.487 9) (0.333 7,0.429 1,0.476 7) (0.166 9,0.278 2,0.389 5)
3 [0.411 5,0.433 9] [0.393 6,0.407 2] (0.000 0,0.097 6,0.195 2) (0.000 0,0.047 7,0.143 0) (0.000 0,0.055 6,0.166 9)
1 [0.378 6,0.408 8] [0.414 2,0.416 8] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.256 5,0.342 1,0.427 6) (0.423 4,0.529 3,0.529 3)
17 2 [0.391 0,0.423 2] [0.408 7,0.415 2] (0.272 7,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.342 1,0.427 6,0.427 6) (0.158 8,0.264 6,0.370 5)
3 [0.404 2,0.444 1] [0.411 3,0.413 6] (0.000 0,0.181 8,0.181 8) (0.128 3,0.213 8,0.299 3) (0.000 0,0.052 9,0.158 8)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115550191621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Positive ideal solution

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
正理想解 工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
V 1 + [0.411 9,0.461 4] [0.408 6,0.421 9] (0.434 1,0.558 1,0.620 2) (0.383 6,0.493 2,0.548 0) (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5)
V 2 + [0.411 5,0.433 9] [0.408 1,0.436 1] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.333 7,0.429 1,0.476 7) (0.389 5,0.500 8,0.556 4)
V 17 + [0.404 2,0.444 1] [0.414 2,0.416 8] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.342 1,0.427 6,0.427 6) (0.423 4,0.529 3,0.529 3)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115642466315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

正理想解

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
正理想解 工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
V 1 + [0.411 9,0.461 4] [0.408 6,0.421 9] (0.434 1,0.558 1,0.620 2) (0.383 6,0.493 2,0.548 0) (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5)
V 2 + [0.411 5,0.433 9] [0.408 1,0.436 1] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.333 7,0.429 1,0.476 7) (0.389 5,0.500 8,0.556 4)
V 17 + [0.404 2,0.444 1] [0.414 2,0.416 8] (0.363 6,0.454 5,0.454 5) (0.342 1,0.427 6,0.427 6) (0.423 4,0.529 3,0.529 3)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115738935317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Negative ideal solution

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
负理想解 工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
V 1 - [0.360 4,0.397 7] [0.394 0,0.407 5] (0.000 0,0.062 0,0.186 0) (0.128 3,0.213 8,0.299 3) (0.000 0,0.052 9,0.158 8)
V 2 + [0.384 9,0.404 5] [0.393 6,0.407 2] (0.000 0,0.097 6,0.195 2) (0.000 0,0.047 7,0.143 0) (0.000 0,0.055 6,0.166 9)
V 17 + [0.378 6,0.408 8] [0.411 3,0.413 6] (0.128 3,0.213 8,0.299 3) (0.000 0,0.109 6,0.219 2) (0.000 0,0.181 8,0.181 8)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115835404319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

负理想解

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
负理想解 工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
V 1 - [0.360 4,0.397 7] [0.394 0,0.407 5] (0.000 0,0.062 0,0.186 0) (0.128 3,0.213 8,0.299 3) (0.000 0,0.052 9,0.158 8)
V 2 + [0.384 9,0.404 5] [0.393 6,0.407 2] (0.000 0,0.097 6,0.195 2) (0.000 0,0.047 7,0.143 0) (0.000 0,0.055 6,0.166 9)
V 17 + [0.378 6,0.408 8] [0.411 3,0.413 6] (0.128 3,0.213 8,0.299 3) (0.000 0,0.109 6,0.219 2) (0.000 0,0.181 8,0.181 8)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525115940261922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Grey correlation coefficient matrix

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序及作
业模式
工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
+ - + - + - + - + -
ξ1 0.643 0 1.928 9 2.007 9 0.669 3 1.222 2 0.407 4 1.897 8 0.632 6 1.000 0 0.500 0
1 ξ2 0.931 3 1.000 0 1.000 0 0.996 9 0.433 6 1.000 0 0.901 0 1.000 0 1.343 0 0.380 4
ξ3 1.928 9 0.643 0 0.669 3 2.007 9 0.407 4 1.222 2 0.632 6 1.897 8 0.447 7 1.012 8
ξ1 0.594 7 1.784 0 1.109 8 0.369 9 1.354 3 0.451 4 1.000 0 0.433 6 2.006 2 0.668 7
2 ξ2 0.783 1 1.000 0 0.380 8 1.000 0 1.000 0 0.488 2 1.222 2 0.407 4 1.000 0 1.000 0
ξ3 1.784 0 0.594 7 0.369 9 1.109 8 0.451 4 1.354 3 0.407 4 1.222 2 0.668 7 2.006 2
ξ1 0.623 8 1.871 4 2.399 2 0.799 7 1.343 0 1.343 0 1.000 0 0.738 0 1.919 4 0.639 8
17 ξ2 0.877 0 1.000 0 0.656 9 1.000 0 1.000 0 1.343 0 1.736 5 0.578 8 0.912 7 1.000 0
ξ3 1.871 4 0.623 8 0.799 7 2.399 2 0.447 7 1.343 0 0.578 8 1.736 5 0.639 8 1.919 4
), ArticleFig(id=1218525116091256875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

灰色关联系数矩阵

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序及作
业模式
工期 成本 质量 安全 环保
+ - + - + - + - + -
ξ1 0.643 0 1.928 9 2.007 9 0.669 3 1.222 2 0.407 4 1.897 8 0.632 6 1.000 0 0.500 0
1 ξ2 0.931 3 1.000 0 1.000 0 0.996 9 0.433 6 1.000 0 0.901 0 1.000 0 1.343 0 0.380 4
ξ3 1.928 9 0.643 0 0.669 3 2.007 9 0.407 4 1.222 2 0.632 6 1.897 8 0.447 7 1.012 8
ξ1 0.594 7 1.784 0 1.109 8 0.369 9 1.354 3 0.451 4 1.000 0 0.433 6 2.006 2 0.668 7
2 ξ2 0.783 1 1.000 0 0.380 8 1.000 0 1.000 0 0.488 2 1.222 2 0.407 4 1.000 0 1.000 0
ξ3 1.784 0 0.594 7 0.369 9 1.109 8 0.451 4 1.354 3 0.407 4 1.222 2 0.668 7 2.006 2
ξ1 0.623 8 1.871 4 2.399 2 0.799 7 1.343 0 1.343 0 1.000 0 0.738 0 1.919 4 0.639 8
17 ξ2 0.877 0 1.000 0 0.656 9 1.000 0 1.000 0 1.343 0 1.736 5 0.578 8 0.912 7 1.000 0
ξ3 1.871 4 0.623 8 0.799 7 2.399 2 0.447 7 1.343 0 0.578 8 1.736 5 0.639 8 1.919 4
), ArticleFig(id=1218525116233863215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Correlation degree and dominance degree

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 作业模式 Y i + Y i - ui
1 1.315 1 1.209 9 0.541 6
1 2 0.912 4 0.998 6 0.455 0
3 1.209 9 1.315 1 0.458 4
1 0.902 4 1.014 4 0.441 8
2 2 0.623 7 0.948 8 0.301 7
3 1.014 4 0.902 4 0.558 2
1 1.494 6 1.336 3 0.555 8
17 2 0.790 3 1.034 3 0.368 6
3 1.246 8 1.494 6 0.410 3
), ArticleFig(id=1218525116359692342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470201803118, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

关联度和优属度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工序 作业模式 Y i + Y i - ui
1 1.315 1 1.209 9 0.541 6
1 2 0.912 4 0.998 6 0.455 0
3 1.209 9 1.315 1 0.458 4
1 0.902 4 1.014 4 0.441 8
2 2 0.623 7 0.948 8 0.301 7
3 1.014 4 0.902 4 0.558 2
1 1.494 6 1.336 3 0.555 8
17 2 0.790 3 1.034 3 0.368 6
3 1.246 8 1.494 6 0.410 3
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特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案虚拟模糊决策技术研究
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杨静 1 , 段鹏鑫 2 , 何于秋 3 , 汪辉 4 , 段晓晨 1, *
科学技术与工程 | 论文·建筑科学 2025,25(10): 4292-4299
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·建筑科学 2025, 25(10): 4292-4299
特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案虚拟模糊决策技术研究
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杨静1 , 段鹏鑫2, 何于秋3, 汪辉4, 段晓晨1, *
作者信息
  • 1 石家庄铁道大学管理学院, 石家庄 050043
  • 2 河北经贸大学数学与统计学院, 石家庄 050061
  • 3 广州市乐耀实业有限公司, 广州 510000
  • 4 中铁二院华东勘察设计有限责任公司, 杭州 310004
  • 杨静(1998—),女,汉族,河北保定人,硕士研究生。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 段晓晨(1962—),男,汉族,山东招远人,博士,教授。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:
Virtual Fuzzy Decision-Making Technology of Bridge Construction Scheme
Jing YANG1 , Peng-xin DUAN2, Yu-qiu HE3, Hui WANG4, Xiao-chen DUAN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Management, Shijiazhuang Railway University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
  • 2 School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
  • 3 Guangzhou Leyao Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, China
  • 4 Huadong Survey and Design Co., Ltd., China Railway Second Institute, Hangzhou 310004, China
出版时间: 2025-04-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404408
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特殊地质地区的施工决策极为重要且复杂多变,地质条件的不确定性会直接影响施工方案的选择和实施。为解决西南复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案“五控”目标(工期、成本、质量、安全、环保)之间非均衡性难题,将网络计划技术与建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)可视化技术、模糊集理论和灰色关联分析(grey relational analysis,GRA)集成应用到复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案优选中,建立基于工期-成本-质量-安全-环保的混合模糊多属性决策模型(hybrid fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making model,HFMD),并运用Python与BIM技术构建施工过程可视化系统,辅助管理人员进行决策,结果满足“五控”指标综合优化方案,并且工期提前10 d,成本降低3.1%,证明了此模A型和方法的实用性和有效性。为复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案决策提供了参考。

模糊集  /  施工方案优选  /  灰色关联分析  /  混合模糊多属性决策  /  施工过程可视化

The construction decision of special geological area is very important and complicated. The uncertainty of geological conditions will directly affect the selection and implementation of construction scheme. In order to solve the non-equilibrium problem among the “five control” objectives (time limit, cost, quality, safety and environmental protection) of the bridge construction scheme in the complex special geological area of Southwest China, the network planning technology and BIM(building information modeling) were combined. BIM visualization technology, fuzzy set theory and GRA(grey correlation analysis) were integrated into the optimization of bridge construction schemes in complex special geological areas. HFMD(hybrid fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making model) based on duration-cost-quality-safety-environmental protection was established, and a visualization system of construction process was constructed by using Python and BIM technology. Assisted managers to make decisions, and the result met the “five control” index comprehensive optimization scheme, and the construction period was advanced by 10 days, and the cost was reduced by 3.1%, which proved the practicability and effectiveness of this model A and method. It provides a reference for the decision of bridge construction scheme in complex special geological area.

fuzzy set  /  optimal construction scheme  /  grey correlation analysis  /  hybrid fuzzy multi-attribute decision making  /  visualization of construction process
杨静, 段鹏鑫, 何于秋, 汪辉, 段晓晨. 特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案虚拟模糊决策技术研究. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (10) : 4292 -4299 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404408
Jing YANG, Peng-xin DUAN, Yu-qiu HE, Hui WANG, Xiao-chen DUAN. Virtual Fuzzy Decision-Making Technology of Bridge Construction Scheme[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (10) : 4292 -4299 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404408
施工方案优化度对道路桥梁工程施工环保、安全、质量、进度、造价目标控制起着至关重要的作用,其影响程度可达到95%以上[1]。中国西南地区板块构造活跃,活动断裂密集,地层软弱风化,地震烈度强烈,自然灾害发育严重等极其特殊的地理、地质水文和气候环境,导致的对施工安全、生态环保、工程质量、造价、工期等极高的风险冲击,对施工方案优化带来新的研究课题和挑战。随着“双碳”目标的贯彻落实以及数字经济的发展,桥梁施工方案的优选也逐渐趋于客观化、智能化、低碳化。王景春等[2]为增强山区隧道施工场地布置方案决策精度,构建了基于改进灰靶理论的方案优选模型,使得方案优选过程更加科学、准确;刘世昊等[3]基于多属性决策分析,探讨了隧道施工稳定性指标,强调碳排放因素,构建了隧道低碳施工评价体系,用支持向量机与多效用度函数法的映射模型替代传统评价方法,探索低碳施工方案优选方法;李汝宁等[4]为优化机场场道施工方案选择问题,建立了工期、质量和成本的改进遗传算法多目标优化模型。使用Python和PyQt5开发了具有输入、优化和输出功能的软件界面,为施工项目决策提供参考;彭忠伟[5]将工程质量进行量化处理,建立工期-成本-质量三维优化模型,使用改进遗传算法对该模型进行计算,有效求解了工程多目标优化问题;王海涛等[6]以碳排放评价作为切入点,开展高速公路桥梁和路基建设方案比选研究,优选方案总碳排放量降低90%。在项目施工方案优选目标指标方面,多数学者考虑工期-成本优化[7-9]和少数学者考虑工期-成本-质量优化[10-11]和极少的工期-成本-质量-安全[12]或工期-成本-质量-能源-环保[13]综合优化。在针对模糊问题综合优化评选方法上,应用模糊理论和灰色关联分析(grey relational analysis,GRA)建立评选模型,能够有效解决模糊问题的评价结果偏主观、不准确等问题。刘海江等[14]针对车辆起步评价主观性过强问题,基于GRA和模糊综合评价法建立了车辆起步品质评价体系;高明明[15]利用三角模糊数和功效系数法评估跨线桥建立评价模型,应用于高湖路跨线桥施工风险评估;尤建新等[16]建立评价失效模式的模糊数语集,并利用灰色关联度来确定失效模式的风险顺序;Zakeri等[17]结合灰色关联分析和三角模糊数建立了供应商选择模型;Tang等[18]引入模糊数理论,提出了基于广义三角模糊数的长江武汉段水质综合评价模型。
综上,目前缺少该模型在桥梁施工方案评价方面的研究。因此,现针对西南复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程施工方案优化存在的个别性、突显性、随机性等机理特点,综合考虑施工工序的工期、质量、成本、安全和环保五大指标,建立基于工期-成本-质量-安全-环保的混合模糊多属性决策模型(hybrid fuzzy multi-attribute decisionl,HFMD),并应用Python和BIM施工过程可视化技术进行复杂特殊地质地区桥梁工程的施工方案优选,能够有效避免主观因素对决策结果的影响,有助于解决“五控”指标非均衡性,避免突现性施工难题等问题,对于提高桥梁工程施工的经济和社会效益,具有非常重要的理论研究和实际应用价值。
西南复杂特殊地质地区的水文地质条件特殊以及气候特征具有个别性、突显性等特点,桥梁工程施工在“五控”方面的影响呈现不确定性、非线性、突现性等机理趋势。因此施工方案每个工序的工期、成本、质量、安全性、环境影响性是非线性、不确定的,质量、安全和环保指标需要先用模糊语言进行评价,再运用语言等级转换为三角模糊数,所以使用区间数表示工期和成本,用三角模糊数表示质量、安全和环保指标。考虑到该多属性决策问题的灰色性,将决策方案按灰色关联度的大小进行排序,备选方案的属性指标当作理想方案来作为参考数列。因此应用模糊集理论、灰色理论与施工网络技术的结合,结合应用Python与BIM技术搭建施工过程可视化平台,对不同施工作业模式下的施工方案进行3D动画模拟,特别是对单个重点工序进行虚拟仿真,可以更好地表达施工过程中的不确定性信息,提高决策准确性。
(1)区间数:设R是实数集,对于任意的a,bR,若ab,那么闭区间A=[a,b]为一个区间数。如果它的隶属函数a(x):R→[0,1],则有
a(x)= 1 , x ( a , b ) 0 , x ( - , a ) ( b , )
那么全体区间数的集合记为I(R),对任意的AI(R),若a=b,则A为普通实数,因此,RI(R)。
(2)三角模糊数:ã=(aL,aM,aU)被称为三角模糊数,它的隶属函数a(x):R→[0,1],则有
a(x)= x - a L a M - a L , x ( a L , a M ) x - a L a M - a U , x ( a M , a U ) 1 , x = a M 0 , x ( - , a L ) ( a U , )
式(2)中:xR作为三角模糊数中的实数;a(x)表示x属于模糊集合ã的程度,即隶属函数;aM表示隶属度最高。对aL<aM<aU来说,aUaL分别为模糊数的上届和下界,他们之间的差越大表示模糊程度越强[19]
(3)语言等级转换:一般情况下用非常重要、重要、一般、不重要、非常不重要来表示五级模糊语言,去除量纲规范化后如表1所示。
灰色关联分析主要是对时间序列曲线中的各类几何图形进行解析,用变化的速度和方向的接近程度比较时间序列曲线之间的关联性,一般用关联度量度因素之间关联度大小随着时间变化的尺度。两比较序列一起变化的程度高,说明二者比较序列关联程度高;否则,比较序列关联程度低。便于理解,子序列和母序列被备选方案和理想方案替代来表示传统灰色关联分析[20]。传统灰色关联分析的步骤如下。
(1)对原始数据的预处理。
(2)确定理想方案X*和各备选方案Xi
X * = ( X 1 * , X 2 * , ··· , X i * ) X i = ( y i 1 , y i 2 , ··· , y i i )
当评价指标是越大越优型时,有
X j *= m a x iyij, j∈T1
当评价指标是越小越优型时,有
X j *= m i n iyij, j∈T2
(3)计算各指标j上各备选方案与理想方案关联系数。
$\begin{array}{l} \quad r\left(X_{j}^{*}, X_{i j}\right)= \\ \frac{\min _{i \in m} \min _{j \in n}\left|X_{j}^{*}-X_{i j}\right|+\varepsilon \max _{i \in m} \max _{j \in n}\left|X_{j}^{*}-X_{i j}\right|}{\left|X_{j}^{*}-X_{i j}\right|+\varepsilon \max _{i \in m} \max _{j \in n}\left|X_{j}^{*}-X_{i j}\right|} \end{array}$
式(6)中:r( X j *,Xij)为关联系数,反映比较序列Xij与参考序列 X j *之间的关联程度;ε为分辨系数,取值在(0,1),用于调整关联系数差异程度,一般取0.5,数值越小,关联系数间差异越大。
(4)计算关联系数的平均值,确定灰色关联度。
r i *=r(x*,xi)= 1 n j = 1 nr( x j *,xij)
式(7)中: r i *为第i个比较序列与参考序列的综合关联度;x*为参考序列,是整个分析的基准序列;xi为第i个比较序列,是与参考序列进行对比分析的对象序列; x j *为参考序列中的第j个元素;xij为第i个比较序列中的第j个元素。
建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)是一种集成数字化技术和建筑工程管理的方法,它的3D虚拟可视化技术是BIM的一个关键组成部分。BIM 3D虚拟可视化技术利用数字建模和计算机图形学技术,以三维形式呈现建筑和基础设施项目的各个方面,以提高设计、建设和运营的效率。项目3D虚拟可视化场景一般包括模型信息的实时交互查询、施工工艺过程的仿真演示和施工组织设计方案的比选[21]
Python语言兼容性强,变量类型可在运行时自主确定,信息搜索功能强大,可以和其他语言进行整合,将两个系统链接自动进行下一步。Python的强大生态系统和社区支持使其成为开发各种智能计算技术的理想选择。无论是进行数据分析、机器学习、计算机视觉还是自然语言处理,Python都提供了广泛的工具和资源,方便开发者进行研究和应用。
本文研究的混合模糊多属性决策模型由三大部分构成,分别是数据混合模糊预处理、灰色关联度计算、基于Python与BIM的施工过程信息可视化管理。模型具体实施步骤如下。
决策指标规范化的过程就是指剔除属性的量纲差异、单位差异、数量差异和类型差异的过程。属性指标有多种类型,如效益型、成本型和区间型等类型。效益型属于数值越高越好的类型,成本型属于数值越低越好的类型,因此,质量、安全、环保指标属于效益型指标,工期和成本属于成本型指标。工期和成本采用前文介绍的区间数表示,质量、安全和环保采用三角模糊数的形式来表示。
R= [ r i j ] m × n,rij为对第i个方案相对于第j个属性指标的初始评价值,规范化后的决策矩阵为:X= [ x i j ] m × n。模糊属性指标rij一般表示为区间数[ r L i j, r U i j],三角模糊数[ r L i j, r M i j, r U i j]。
根据规范化后的矩阵X,求得正理想解 V j +和负理想解 V j -
xij为区间数,则
V j + = [ m a x i ( x L i j ) , m a x i ( x U i j ) ] V j - = [ m i n i ( x L i j ) , m i n i ( x U i j ) ]
xij为三角模糊数,则
V j + = [ m a x i ( x L i j ) , m a x i ( x M i j ) , m a x i ( x U i j ) ] V j - = [ m i n i ( x L i j ) , m i n i ( x M i j ) , m i n i ( x U i j ) ]
xij为语言变量,首先转化为三角模糊数,再利用式(8)求正负理想解。
灰色关联系数 ξ i j + ξ i j -分别表示第i个方案与正、负理想方案第j个指标的相似度。
ξ i j + = N + + ρ M + d i j + + ρ M + ξ i j - = N - + ρ M - d i j - + ρ M - ρ ( 0,1 )
式(10)中: d i j +=d(xij, V j +)和 d i j -=d(xij, V j -)为xij V j + V j -之间的距离;N+=miniminj d i j +,为两级最小差;M+=maximaxj d i j +,为两级最大差;N-M-同理;ρ为分辨系数,一般取值为0.5。
正、负理想方案与各个方案的灰色关联系数矩阵分别为
ξ+= ξ 11 + ξ 12 + ··· ξ 1 n + ξ 21 + ξ 22 + ··· ξ 2 n + ξ m 1 + ξ m 2 + ··· ξ m n +
ξ-= ξ 11 - ξ 12 - ··· ξ 1 n - ξ 21 - ξ 22 - ··· ξ 2 n - ξ m 1 - ξ m 2 - ··· ξ m n -
式中:ξ+为指由各个指标在所有方案中所能取到的最优值组成的正理想矩阵;ξ-为由各个指标在所有方案中所能取到的最差值组成的负理想矩阵。
指标值的不可公度性可以通过规范化的方法解决,但不能表示目标的重要性,而是用权来衡量目标的重要性。最优理想方案与各个方案比较之后的综合关联偏差之和为
di(wj)= j = 1 n(1- ξ i j +)wj, i=1,2,···,m
式(13)中:di(wj)为第i个方案与正理想方案的距离;wj为各指标的权重,综合考虑各个指标权重后用于衡量每个方案与理想状态(正理想方案)的偏离程度。
因为各个方案之间没有区别对待,而是平等竞争,所以可以将上述模型等权集结为单目标最优化模型,即
minf(wj)= i = 1 m j = 1 n [ ( 1 - ξ i j + ) w j ] 2+ i = 1 m j = 1 n ( ξ i j - w j ) 2
s.t. j = 1 mwj=1, w>0
求解得到
$\begin{array}{c} W_{j}=\left\{\sum_{j=1}^{n}\left[\sum_{i=1}^{m}\left(1-\xi_{i j}^{+}\right)^{2}+\sum_{i=1}^{m}\left(\xi_{i j}^{-}\right)^{2}\right]^{-1}\right\}^{-1} \times \\ {\left[\sum_{i=1}^{m}\left(1-\xi_{i j}^{+}\right)^{2}+\sum_{i=1}^{m}\left(\xi_{i j}^{-}\right)^{2}\right]^{-1}} \end{array} $
假设n个指标的权重向量w=(w1,w2,···,wn),那么第i个方案与正、负理想方案的灰色关联度分别为
Y i + = j = 1 n w j ξ i j + ,   i = 1,2 , ··· , m Y i - = j = 1 n w j ξ i j + ,   i = 1,2 , ··· , m
Y i +越大,说明第i方案越靠近最优方案,即i方案越好;相反, Y i -越小,表示决策方案i越好。
当决策方案与负理想方案关联度最小的时候与理想方案的关联度是最大的,故若xi从属于理想方案V+时是凭借优属度ui接近的,则xi从属于负理想方案V-凭借优属度1-ui靠近。因此建立目标函数为
maxF(ui)= i = 1 m[(1-ui) Y i -]2+ i = 1 m ( u i Y i + ) 2
求得最优解为
ui= 1 1 + Y i - Y i + 2
按照ui的大小综合排序各个评价方案,ui越大,方案越优;反之,方案越差。
运用Python强大的兼容性和信息搜索功能对多目标评价模块、灰色关联度计算模块等各类计算机语言软件进行一体化计算兼容和联接,开发以上计算系统的桥梁工程施工智能优化决策系统,总体实现输入目标案例的主要影响因素赋值或人机对话,就能自动输出估算结果。
运用BIM技术对桥梁工程施工方案进行动画建模,建立施工方案动态三维可视化模拟系统,根据网络计划和施工工艺流程,在系统中定义工程工艺关系、预设顺序等数据,获得桥梁施工过程各工序的施工进展情况、质量和安全状况、资源利用程度、各时刻的施工强度等重要信息参数,特别是在重难点工序上信息的获取,清楚直观的展示不同施工工艺流程在时间、空间和逻辑上的联系。施工方案可视化优选流程图如图1所示。
该桥梁位于西南地区四川巴中地区,全线钻孔灌注桩数量较多,地下水深一般为0.6~3.2 m,地质情况为淤泥质黏土、黏土、亚黏土和强、弱、微风化岩层的Ⅴ、Ⅵ围岩为主,地下水丰富,地震断裂破碎带,自然灾害频发的特殊地质地区。桥墩最高40 m,全桥需多个桩孔同时施工,预制构件需制定供应计划,高桥墩情况下需保证施工安全。施工周边多为农田果园,应尽可能减少废水排放和噪声污染。本文案例中邀请施工单位和上级主管部门、咨询单位的技术管理人员、高校教授等共21人参与项目共17道工序不同作业模式下各指标作业参数的
确定。特大桥施工项目网络计划的作业参数如表2所示,因篇幅有限,表2中仅列出部分工序。
根据前文介绍的模型实施步骤,将数值进行混合模糊预处理结果如表3~表6所示。
灰色关联度计算结果如表7表8所示。
各个指标的权重值:w1=0.25,w2=0.21,w3=0.23,w4=0.15,w5=0.16。
各方案与正理想解和负理想解的关联度和优属度:
最终得到工序1~工序17最优作业模式的施工方案,根据工序排列的作业模式组合依次为:(1,3,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,3,1,1,2,1,1)。
在桥梁工程项目编制施工方案时,在满足资源条件和工程目标的条件下,通过改进网络计划,来进行网络计划优化,得出满意的结果,进而取得最优的施工方案。
最后将不同施工方案运用到基于BIM的施工方案优化可视化展现系统,效果如图2~图4所示。
通过对杨家沟特大桥施工过程的3D动画演示,图纸上二维抽象的施工组织安排通过BIM技术的演示使得桥梁建筑的工程施工环境、方案动态过程立体直观一目了然。施工方案决策者可以更深入地了解杨家沟特大桥的施工工程环境和施工方案的虚拟实施动态过程,通过虚拟仿真预测的进度信息来获取各时刻的施工资料,实现施工全过程的可视化。
优化方案实施效果:确定的最优施工方案已在杨家沟特大桥工程施工中应用,实施整体效果显示:工程质量、安全、环保均实现预期优化目标,工期提前10 d,成本降低3.1%,有效提升了施工企业桥梁工程经济和社会效益,充分验证了模型的有效性和可行性。
本文构建的Python施工方案智能优化计算机软件系统,专业计算机人员正在开发过程中,因此不在文中展现。
通过以上模型构建和实施,得出以下研究结论。
(1)在西南地质复杂、软弱风化的Ⅴ、Ⅵ围岩、地下水丰富、极具特殊性、个别性、差异性的工程施工环境下,在综合考虑桥梁建设施工方案五控目标的随机性、突现性等特点的基础上,以专家丰富经验为基础,将模糊集理论和灰色理论相结合,基于桥梁施工网络计划图建立HFMD来进行桥梁施工方案的多目标决策。
(2)以工期、质量、成本、安全和环保为指标的多目标桥梁施工方案决策系统,简单实用,适应性强,系统的权重值、模糊评价指标、模糊算子的选取,都可以根据实际工程特点调整参数值来满足不同条件下的需要。
(3)构建了BIM、Python施工方案可视化和智能计算系统。智能计算系统可以实现从数值输入、自动一体计算、自动输出所需结果。可视化系统可以实现施工仿真参数的多方案优选和三维、立体、直观、可视化展现优化过程及施工环境,使复杂的施工方案优化过程更加有利于工程技术和管理人员更好理解和提出相关不足改进建议。
  • 国家自然科学基金(72071133)
  • 河北大地园林有限公司开发项目(20220209)
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2025年第25卷第10期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404408
  • 接收时间:2024-06-13
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-04-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13
  • 修回日期:2025-01-17
基金
国家自然科学基金(72071133)
河北大地园林有限公司开发项目(20220209)
作者信息
    1 石家庄铁道大学管理学院, 石家庄 050043
    2 河北经贸大学数学与统计学院, 石家庄 050061
    3 广州市乐耀实业有限公司, 广州 510000
    4 中铁二院华东勘察设计有限责任公司, 杭州 310004

通讯作者:

* 段晓晨(1962—),男,汉族,山东招远人,博士,教授。研究方向:工程经济与造价管理。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
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Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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