Article(id=1149780470017253741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405662, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1722096000000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-28, revisedDate=1737043200000, revisedDateStr=2025-01-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058625939, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1744041600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058625939, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058625939, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058625939, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149780466032669506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='10', pageStart='3969', pageEnd='4395', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058624990, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456644259, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218558743898411553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218558743898411554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4037, endPage=4043, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149780470260523376, articleId=1149780470017253741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Correlation between Intracranial and Extracranial Large Artery Stenosis and Vascular Cognitive Impairment, columnId=1156262732384031076, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to study the relationship between VCI (vascular cognitive impairment) and intracranial and extracranial large artery stenosis, cerebral white matter lesions and brain atrophy. By consecutively enrolling 105 patients with VCI, divided into mild group (n=77) and severe group (n=28), and at the same time selecting patients with normal cognition as the control group (n=71). comparing the differences in cerebrovascular disease risk factors, cerebral white matter lesions, ischemic cerebral infarction, and cerebral atrophy among the 3 groups, and analysing the correlation between the degree of stenosis of the intracranial and extracranial large arteries and VCI. The results show that the differences in the history of ischaemic stroke and the proportion of ≥2 lacunae were statistically significant among the 3 groups (P<0.001).The differences in cerebral white matter high signal, paraventricular white matter, deep white matter Fazekas score, and whole-brain cortical atrophy GCA grading were statistically significant among the 3 groups (P<0.001). In the multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis model, it was found that internal carotid artery segment C1, internal carotid segment C2~C7, and the degree of middle cerebral artery stenosis are the main influencing factors for the severity of VCI. The degree of stenosis of internal carotid artery C1 segment and internal carotid C2~C7 segment is positively correlated with the severity of VCI patients to a low degree, whereas the degree of stenosis of the middle cerebral artery, cerebral white matter lesions, and cerebral atrophy grading are positively correlated with the severity of VCI patients to a moderate degree. It is evident that with increasing cardiovascular risk factors, history of ischaemic stroke and degree of stenosis of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries, the risk of VCI in the subjects increased significantly. It suggests that the condition of intracranial and extracranial large arterial lesions can be used as one of the indicators for the detection of VCI, and that there are certain feasible therapeutic directions.

, correspAuthors=Zhong-bo ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhi-qing ZHAO, Zhong-bo ZHANG, Ping-ping FANG, Xin-fei DUAN, Jun-dong JIA, Ke HU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149780470495404402, articleId=1149780470017253741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=颅内外大动脉狭窄与血管性认知障碍的相关性, columnId=1156262732526637414, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·医药、卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了研究血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment,VCI)与颅内外大动脉狭窄、脑白质病变以及脑萎缩之间的关系。通过连续纳入105例VCI的患者为研究对象,分为轻度组(n=77)和重度组(n=28),同时选取认知正常的患者作为对照组(n=71);比较3组间脑血管病危险因素、脑白质病变、缺血性脑梗死、脑萎缩的差异,分析颅内外大血管狭窄程度和VCI之间的相关性。结果表明:3组间缺血性卒中病史和腔隙≥2个的比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。3组间脑白质高信号、脑室旁白质、深部白质Fazekas评分、全脑皮质萎缩GCA分级的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在多元有序logistic回归分析模型中,发现颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段、大脑中动脉狭窄程度是VCI严重程度的主要影响因素。颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段狭窄程度与VCI患者严重程度存在低等程度正相关,而大脑中动脉狭窄程度、脑白质病变、脑萎缩分级与VCI患者严重程度存在中等程度正相关。可见随着心血管危险因素、缺血性卒中病史及颈内动脉、大脑中动脉狭窄程度的增加,受试者发生VCI的风险显著增加。表明颅内外大动脉病变情况可作为VCI的检测指标之一,存在一定的可行治疗方向。

, correspAuthors=张忠波, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 张忠波(1976—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,硕士,主任医师。研究方向:脑血管病。E-mail:
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赵志卿(1998—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,硕士研究生。研究方向:认知障碍。E-mail:

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Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism: Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2021, 41(8). DOI: 10.1177/0271678X21990980., articleTitle=White matter network damage mediates association between cerebrovascular disease and cognition, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1218525103596422098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, awardId=20242344, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省2024年度医学科学研究课题(20242344), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1218525098340958783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525098349347392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, companyId=1218525098340958783, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525098353541698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, companyId=1218525098340958783, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河北医科大学研究生院, 石家庄 050000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1218525098533896775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525098542285385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, companyId=1218525098533896775, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218525098550673995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, companyId=1218525098533896775, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 邯郸市中心医院神经内五科, 邯郸 056001)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1218525101755122468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Summary of clinical data of patients between the 3 groups

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项目 A组(n=77) B组(n=28) C组(n=71) F/χ2/H P
年龄/岁 62.16±8.91 68.11±7.56 60.44±9.60 7.338a <0.001
性别(例,女/男) 22/55 9/19 28/43 1.985b 0.371
文盲 2(2.6) 3(10.7) 5(7.0)
受教育程度/例 小学 27(35.1) 11(39.3) 21(29.6) 1.461c 0.482
中学及中专 45(58.4) 11(39.3) 36(50.7)
大学及大专 3(3.9) 3(10.7) 9(12.7)
高血压/例 54(70.1) 27(96.4) 36(50.7) 19.659 b <0.001
糖尿病/例 24(31.2) 16(57.1) 8(11.3) 22.354 b <0.001
高脂血症/例 35(45.5) 14(50) 7(9.9) 26.648 b <0.001
冠心病/例 13(16.9) 4(14.3) 6(8.5) 2.355 b 0.308
缺血性卒中病史/例 70(90.9) 28(100) 36(50.7) 43.300 b <0.001
心房颤动/例 5(6.5) 0(0) 1(1.4) 2.974 b 0.173
吸烟史/例 33(42.9) 8(28.6) 19(26.8) 4.711 b 0.095
饮酒史/例 21(27.3) 7(25) 11(15.5) 3.127 b 0.209
腔隙≥2个/例 51(66.2) 26(92.9) 20(28.2) 40.809 b <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1218525101943866163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

3组间患者临床资料汇总

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项目 A组(n=77) B组(n=28) C组(n=71) F/χ2/H P
年龄/岁 62.16±8.91 68.11±7.56 60.44±9.60 7.338a <0.001
性别(例,女/男) 22/55 9/19 28/43 1.985b 0.371
文盲 2(2.6) 3(10.7) 5(7.0)
受教育程度/例 小学 27(35.1) 11(39.3) 21(29.6) 1.461c 0.482
中学及中专 45(58.4) 11(39.3) 36(50.7)
大学及大专 3(3.9) 3(10.7) 9(12.7)
高血压/例 54(70.1) 27(96.4) 36(50.7) 19.659 b <0.001
糖尿病/例 24(31.2) 16(57.1) 8(11.3) 22.354 b <0.001
高脂血症/例 35(45.5) 14(50) 7(9.9) 26.648 b <0.001
冠心病/例 13(16.9) 4(14.3) 6(8.5) 2.355 b 0.308
缺血性卒中病史/例 70(90.9) 28(100) 36(50.7) 43.300 b <0.001
心房颤动/例 5(6.5) 0(0) 1(1.4) 2.974 b 0.173
吸烟史/例 33(42.9) 8(28.6) 19(26.8) 4.711 b 0.095
饮酒史/例 21(27.3) 7(25) 11(15.5) 3.127 b 0.209
腔隙≥2个/例 51(66.2) 26(92.9) 20(28.2) 40.809 b <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102057112380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of WMHs and cerebral atrophy grading between the 3 groups

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项目 评分,M(Q1,Q3)
脑白质高
信号Fazekas
总分
脑室旁白
质Fazekas
评分
深部白质
Fazekas
评分
全脑皮质
萎缩GCA
分级
A组(n=77) 4(3,4) 2(2,2) 2(1,2) 2(1,2)
B组(n=28) 5(5,6) 2(2,3) 3(2,3) 2(2,3)
C组(n=71) 2(1,3) 1(1,2) 1(0,1) 1(1,1)
H 105.83 82.418 82.032 73.315
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102166164293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

3组间WMHs和脑萎缩分级比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 评分,M(Q1,Q3)
脑白质高
信号Fazekas
总分
脑室旁白
质Fazekas
评分
深部白质
Fazekas
评分
全脑皮质
萎缩GCA
分级
A组(n=77) 4(3,4) 2(2,2) 2(1,2) 2(1,2)
B组(n=28) 5(5,6) 2(2,3) 3(2,3) 2(2,3)
C组(n=71) 2(1,3) 1(1,2) 1(0,1) 1(1,1)
H 105.83 82.418 82.032 73.315
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102291993424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Distribution of different vessels with intracranial and extracranial stenosis (≥50% stenosis)

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病例数量/例 轻度VCI组
(n=77)
重度VCI组
(n=28)
对照组
(n=71)
ICA C1段 14(18.2) 8(28.6) 0(0.0)
ICA C2~C7段 15(19.5) 10(35.7) 3(4.2)
MCA 30(39.0) 20(71.4) 4(5.6)
ACA 14(18.2) 11(39.9) 3(4.2)
PCA 11(14.3) 9(32.1) 7(9.9)
BA 8(10.4) 5(17.9) 4(5.6)
VA颅外段 21(27.3) 9(32.1) 7(9.9)
VA颅内段 18(23.4) 4(14.3) 2(2.8)
颅内前循环狭窄 47(61.0) 21(75.0) 8(11.3)
颅内后循环狭窄 27(35.1) 15(53.6) 14(19.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102593983330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

颅内外血管(血管狭窄程度≥50%)不同血管的分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病例数量/例 轻度VCI组
(n=77)
重度VCI组
(n=28)
对照组
(n=71)
ICA C1段 14(18.2) 8(28.6) 0(0.0)
ICA C2~C7段 15(19.5) 10(35.7) 3(4.2)
MCA 30(39.0) 20(71.4) 4(5.6)
ACA 14(18.2) 11(39.9) 3(4.2)
PCA 11(14.3) 9(32.1) 7(9.9)
BA 8(10.4) 5(17.9) 4(5.6)
VA颅外段 21(27.3) 9(32.1) 7(9.9)
VA颅内段 18(23.4) 4(14.3) 2(2.8)
颅内前循环狭窄 47(61.0) 21(75.0) 8(11.3)
颅内后循环狭窄 27(35.1) 15(53.6) 14(19.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102682063725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Ordered logistic regression analysis between intracranial and extracranial cerebral stenosis and VCI

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分类 项目 回归系数B 卡方Wald OR值(OR的95%CI) P
ICA C1段 狭窄=0 3.039 20.759 20.884(5.646~77.169) <0.001
狭窄=1 3.040 14.455 20.905(4.362~100.183) <0.001
狭窄=2 0a
ICA C2~C7段 狭窄=0 2.543 21.495 12.718(4.341~37.263) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.547 5.390 4.697(1.273~17.322) 0.020
狭窄=2 0a
MCA 狭窄=0 3.244 41.697 25.636(9.374~68.649) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.689 8.386 5.414(1.726~16.996) 0.004
狭窄=2 0a
ACA 狭窄=0 1.481 7.083 4.397(1.477~13.079) 0.008
狭窄=1 0.477 0.441 1.611(0.395~6.580) 0.507
狭窄=2 0a
PCA 狭窄=0 0.205 0.141 1.228(0.421~3.586) 0.707
狭窄=1 -0.579 0.769 0.560(0.154~2.046) 0.381
狭窄=2 0a
BA 狭窄=0 -0.428 0.417 0.652(0.177~2.392) 0.519
狭窄=1 -0.619 0.476 0.538(0.093~3.127) 0.490
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅外段 狭窄=0 -0.494 0.677 0.610(0.188~1.980) 0.411
狭窄=1 -1.709 3.625 0.181(0.031~1.051) 0.057
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅内段 狭窄=0 1.216 4.897 3.374 (1.149~9.905) 0.057
狭窄=1 0.415 0.433 1.514(0.440~5.223) 0.511
狭窄=2 0a
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102845641596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

颅内外脑血管狭窄和VCI之间的有序logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分类 项目 回归系数B 卡方Wald OR值(OR的95%CI) P
ICA C1段 狭窄=0 3.039 20.759 20.884(5.646~77.169) <0.001
狭窄=1 3.040 14.455 20.905(4.362~100.183) <0.001
狭窄=2 0a
ICA C2~C7段 狭窄=0 2.543 21.495 12.718(4.341~37.263) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.547 5.390 4.697(1.273~17.322) 0.020
狭窄=2 0a
MCA 狭窄=0 3.244 41.697 25.636(9.374~68.649) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.689 8.386 5.414(1.726~16.996) 0.004
狭窄=2 0a
ACA 狭窄=0 1.481 7.083 4.397(1.477~13.079) 0.008
狭窄=1 0.477 0.441 1.611(0.395~6.580) 0.507
狭窄=2 0a
PCA 狭窄=0 0.205 0.141 1.228(0.421~3.586) 0.707
狭窄=1 -0.579 0.769 0.560(0.154~2.046) 0.381
狭窄=2 0a
BA 狭窄=0 -0.428 0.417 0.652(0.177~2.392) 0.519
狭窄=1 -0.619 0.476 0.538(0.093~3.127) 0.490
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅外段 狭窄=0 -0.494 0.677 0.610(0.188~1.980) 0.411
狭窄=1 -1.709 3.625 0.181(0.031~1.051) 0.057
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅内段 狭窄=0 1.216 4.897 3.374 (1.149~9.905) 0.057
狭窄=1 0.415 0.433 1.514(0.440~5.223) 0.511
狭窄=2 0a
), ArticleFig(id=1218525102971470727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Corrected ordered logistic regressionanalysis

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分类 项目 回归系数B 卡方Wald OR(OR的95%CI) P
ICA C1段 狭窄=0 2.974 19.495 19.570(5.228~73.259) <0.001
狭窄=1 3.007 13.838 20.227(4.145~98.593) <0.001
狭窄=2 0a
ICA C2~C7段 狭窄=0 2.451 19.511 11.600(3.908~34.398) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.496 4.892 4.464(1.185~16.794) 0.027
狭窄=2 0a
MCA 狭窄=0 3.308 42.283 27.330(10.080~74.143) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.802 9.225 6.062(1.895~19.395) 0.002
狭窄=2 0a
ACA 狭窄=0 1.498 7.076 4.473(1.483~13.491) 0.008
狭窄=1 0.432 0.355 1.54(0.372~6.385) 0.551
狭窄=2 0a
PCA 狭窄=0 -0.003 0.000 0.997(0.330~3.013) 0.996
狭窄=1 -0.511 0.589 0.600(0.163~2.214) 0.443
狭窄=2 0a
BA 狭窄=0 -0.560 0.646 0.571(0.146~2.237) 0.422
狭窄=1 -0.696 0.572 0.499(0.082~3.028) 0.450
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅外段 狭窄=0 -0.413 0.461 0.662(0.201~2.177) 0.497
狭窄=1 -1.604 3.115 0.201(0.034~1.194) 0.078
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅内段 狭窄=0 1.211 4.669 3.357(1.12~10.064) 0.031
狭窄=1 0.367 0.326 1.443(0.410~5.078) 0.568
狭窄=2 0a
年龄 -0.040 3.643 0.961(0.921~1.001) 0.056
性别=1 -0.137 0.117 0.872(0.399~1.908) 0.732
性别=2 0a
), ArticleFig(id=1218525103105688467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

校正后的有序logistic回归分析

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分类 项目 回归系数B 卡方Wald OR(OR的95%CI) P
ICA C1段 狭窄=0 2.974 19.495 19.570(5.228~73.259) <0.001
狭窄=1 3.007 13.838 20.227(4.145~98.593) <0.001
狭窄=2 0a
ICA C2~C7段 狭窄=0 2.451 19.511 11.600(3.908~34.398) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.496 4.892 4.464(1.185~16.794) 0.027
狭窄=2 0a
MCA 狭窄=0 3.308 42.283 27.330(10.080~74.143) <0.001
狭窄=1 1.802 9.225 6.062(1.895~19.395) 0.002
狭窄=2 0a
ACA 狭窄=0 1.498 7.076 4.473(1.483~13.491) 0.008
狭窄=1 0.432 0.355 1.54(0.372~6.385) 0.551
狭窄=2 0a
PCA 狭窄=0 -0.003 0.000 0.997(0.330~3.013) 0.996
狭窄=1 -0.511 0.589 0.600(0.163~2.214) 0.443
狭窄=2 0a
BA 狭窄=0 -0.560 0.646 0.571(0.146~2.237) 0.422
狭窄=1 -0.696 0.572 0.499(0.082~3.028) 0.450
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅外段 狭窄=0 -0.413 0.461 0.662(0.201~2.177) 0.497
狭窄=1 -1.604 3.115 0.201(0.034~1.194) 0.078
狭窄=2 0a
VA颅内段 狭窄=0 1.211 4.669 3.357(1.12~10.064) 0.031
狭窄=1 0.367 0.326 1.443(0.410~5.078) 0.568
狭窄=2 0a
年龄 -0.040 3.643 0.961(0.921~1.001) 0.056
性别=1 -0.137 0.117 0.872(0.399~1.908) 0.732
性别=2 0a
), ArticleFig(id=1218525103214740385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Spearman's correlation analysis of the degree of stenosis of ICA, MCA, and WMHs, cerebral atrophy grades and VCI

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项目 rs P
ICA C1段 0.367 <0.001
ICA C2~C7段 0.325 <0.001
MCA 0.529 <0.001
脑白质高信号Fazekas总分 0.778 <0.001
全脑皮质萎缩GCA分级 0.633 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1218525103332180910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780470017253741, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

ICA、MCA狭窄程度及WMHs、脑萎缩分级与VCI的Spearman相关性分析

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项目 rs P
ICA C1段 0.367 <0.001
ICA C2~C7段 0.325 <0.001
MCA 0.529 <0.001
脑白质高信号Fazekas总分 0.778 <0.001
全脑皮质萎缩GCA分级 0.633 <0.001
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颅内外大动脉狭窄与血管性认知障碍的相关性
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赵志卿 1, 2 , 张忠波 2, * , 房娉平 2 , 段新飞 2 , 贾俊栋 2 , 胡科 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·医药、卫生 2025,25(10): 4037-4043
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·医药、卫生 2025, 25(10): 4037-4043
颅内外大动脉狭窄与血管性认知障碍的相关性
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赵志卿1, 2 , 张忠波2, * , 房娉平2, 段新飞2, 贾俊栋2, 胡科2
作者信息
  • 1 河北医科大学研究生院, 石家庄 050000
  • 2 邯郸市中心医院神经内五科, 邯郸 056001
  • 赵志卿(1998—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,硕士研究生。研究方向:认知障碍。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 张忠波(1976—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,硕士,主任医师。研究方向:脑血管病。E-mail:
Correlation between Intracranial and Extracranial Large Artery Stenosis and Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Zhi-qing ZHAO1, 2 , Zhong-bo ZHANG2, * , Ping-ping FANG2, Xin-fei DUAN2, Jun-dong JIA2, Ke HU2
Affiliations
  • 1 Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
  • 2 Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, China
出版时间: 2025-04-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405662
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为了研究血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment,VCI)与颅内外大动脉狭窄、脑白质病变以及脑萎缩之间的关系。通过连续纳入105例VCI的患者为研究对象,分为轻度组(n=77)和重度组(n=28),同时选取认知正常的患者作为对照组(n=71);比较3组间脑血管病危险因素、脑白质病变、缺血性脑梗死、脑萎缩的差异,分析颅内外大血管狭窄程度和VCI之间的相关性。结果表明:3组间缺血性卒中病史和腔隙≥2个的比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。3组间脑白质高信号、脑室旁白质、深部白质Fazekas评分、全脑皮质萎缩GCA分级的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在多元有序logistic回归分析模型中,发现颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段、大脑中动脉狭窄程度是VCI严重程度的主要影响因素。颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段狭窄程度与VCI患者严重程度存在低等程度正相关,而大脑中动脉狭窄程度、脑白质病变、脑萎缩分级与VCI患者严重程度存在中等程度正相关。可见随着心血管危险因素、缺血性卒中病史及颈内动脉、大脑中动脉狭窄程度的增加,受试者发生VCI的风险显著增加。表明颅内外大动脉病变情况可作为VCI的检测指标之一,存在一定的可行治疗方向。

血管性认知障碍  /  颅内外大动脉狭窄  /  颈动脉狭窄  /  认知功能

In order to study the relationship between VCI (vascular cognitive impairment) and intracranial and extracranial large artery stenosis, cerebral white matter lesions and brain atrophy. By consecutively enrolling 105 patients with VCI, divided into mild group (n=77) and severe group (n=28), and at the same time selecting patients with normal cognition as the control group (n=71). comparing the differences in cerebrovascular disease risk factors, cerebral white matter lesions, ischemic cerebral infarction, and cerebral atrophy among the 3 groups, and analysing the correlation between the degree of stenosis of the intracranial and extracranial large arteries and VCI. The results show that the differences in the history of ischaemic stroke and the proportion of ≥2 lacunae were statistically significant among the 3 groups (P<0.001).The differences in cerebral white matter high signal, paraventricular white matter, deep white matter Fazekas score, and whole-brain cortical atrophy GCA grading were statistically significant among the 3 groups (P<0.001). In the multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis model, it was found that internal carotid artery segment C1, internal carotid segment C2~C7, and the degree of middle cerebral artery stenosis are the main influencing factors for the severity of VCI. The degree of stenosis of internal carotid artery C1 segment and internal carotid C2~C7 segment is positively correlated with the severity of VCI patients to a low degree, whereas the degree of stenosis of the middle cerebral artery, cerebral white matter lesions, and cerebral atrophy grading are positively correlated with the severity of VCI patients to a moderate degree. It is evident that with increasing cardiovascular risk factors, history of ischaemic stroke and degree of stenosis of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries, the risk of VCI in the subjects increased significantly. It suggests that the condition of intracranial and extracranial large arterial lesions can be used as one of the indicators for the detection of VCI, and that there are certain feasible therapeutic directions.

vascular cognitive impairment  /  ntracranial and extracranial large artery stenosis  /  carotid artery stenosis  /  cognitive functioning
赵志卿, 张忠波, 房娉平, 段新飞, 贾俊栋, 胡科. 颅内外大动脉狭窄与血管性认知障碍的相关性. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (10) : 4037 -4043 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405662
Zhi-qing ZHAO, Zhong-bo ZHANG, Ping-ping FANG, Xin-fei DUAN, Jun-dong JIA, Ke HU. Correlation between Intracranial and Extracranial Large Artery Stenosis and Vascular Cognitive Impairment[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (10) : 4037 -4043 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405662
随着社会老龄化加快和人民生活水平的显著提高,脑血管病和认知障碍的患病率均呈上升趋势,负担越发沉重。最近研究显示,全球30~79岁的人群颈动脉狭窄患病率为1.5%,相当于5 800万人受累。无症状颈动脉狭窄影响到4%的成年人,老年人患病率约12%。40%~50%的老年颈动脉狭窄患者可能同时伴有认知功能障碍或痴呆[1]。在老年人群常见痴呆类型中,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VaD)的患病率位居第二位,仅次于阿尔兹海默病(alzheimer's disease,AD)[2-3]。血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment,VCI)按病情轻重包括了从轻度认知损害到重度痴呆,其中也包括AD等混合病理机制所致的认知损害,并且可涉及各个认知域[2]。颈动脉狭窄患者经常会出现认知损害,包括注意力、处理速度和执行功能下降,以及词语内容和视觉内容的延迟回忆缺陷等[4],但该问题尚未引起足够重视。一旦狭窄变得严重,目前的治疗方法通常难以逆转或延缓认知损害的进展[5]
研究表明,白质高信号(white matter hyperintensities,WMHs)和脑萎缩的发生与认知障碍有一定相关性[6]。其中长期颅脑慢性脑缺血可导致WMHs,主要表现为敏感的脑室周围和深部白质纤维产生脱髓鞘样改变[7]。Suri等[8]证明中度以上颈动脉狭窄与认知障碍密切相关,且随着脑血管狭窄程度的增加,认知和活动能力受损,导致患者在日常生活和活动受到极大影响,甚至危及生命[1]。然而目前较多针对颈动脉的讨论,尚缺乏整体颅内和颅外大动脉与VCI的相关性研究。这种情况下颅内外大血管的全面筛查对于早期预测及诊断认知障碍有着重要的意义。既往研究表明心脑血管危险因素(高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症)是影响认知功能障碍的重要因素[9-10],在此基础上所导致的脑低灌注、血流动力学改变可能导致认知功能下降[11]
因此,现以邯郸市中心医院神经内科收治的住院患者作为研究对象,采用神经心理量表进行全面的记忆、语言、执行和视觉空间等认知领域功能测试;应用数字减影血管造影术(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)评估患者的脑血管情况,最终研究VCI患者的颅内外大动脉狭窄程度、脑白质病变、脑萎缩程度以及与血管危险因素的相关性,为深入理解VCI的发病机制奠定基础。
本次研究采用前瞻性的病例对照研究,连续性收集2023年9月—2024年1月邯郸市中心医院神经内科收治的住院患者中筛选并诊断出血管性认知障碍VCI的患者,根据中华医学会神经病学分会痴呆与认知障碍学组制定的《血管性认知障碍诊治指南》和《2019年中国血管性认知障碍诊治指南》的诊断标准纳入VCI患者105例,按认知障碍的严重程度分为轻度VCI组77例和重度VCI组28例,同时选取客观神经心理学评估中认知正常的人且接受了DSA检查的患者作为对照组共71例,所有受试者具备完整的临床资料并完善相关检查,包括本院头颅MRI+DWI+MRA检查和DSA检查明确颅内外大动脉狭窄程度、脑白质病变情况。在招募志愿者加入研究之前,获得所有受试者的书面知情同意书。
VCI组纳入标准:①诊断符合《血管性认知障碍诊治指南》和《2019年中国血管性认知障碍诊治指南》的患者;②年龄在40~85岁;③配合进行神经心理学量表评估,并签署知情同意书;④能够完善DSA检查者。
对照组纳入标准为:①认知正常且没有严重的身心疾病者;②年龄在40~85岁;③同意配合进行神经心理学量表评估,并签署知情同意书;④能够完善DSA检查者。
排除标准:①诊断为小血管病性的血管性认知障碍的患者;②早期诊断为帕金森病、多发性硬化、路易体痴呆、额颞叶痴呆等疾病;③对认知功能有明显影响的全身性或代谢性疾病,如脑瘤、脑外伤、脑出血、脑炎、中毒以及抑郁症等;④有精神错乱病史或意识障碍的患者;⑤有严重酒精或药物依赖史或滥用史者、合并有严重心、脑、肺、肾等疾病[12]
使用调查问卷收集所有入组患者的个人信息,包括年龄、性别、受教育程度以及心脑血管病危险因素,包括高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、冠心病、心房颤动、缺血性脑卒中病史和吸烟史、饮酒史。
由经验丰富、进行专门训练的主治医生进行了整体的认知测试:采用简易智能精神状态评估量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评估量表(montreal cognitive assessment scale,MoCA)[13]。根据量表VCI判断标准:Hachinski缺血指数量表>7分。按认知障碍的严重程度分为轻度VCI和重度VCI,重度VCI:工具性日常生活能力量表≤9分。
完善头颅MRI(含有T1WI、T2WI、FLAIR、DWI),初步筛查颅脑有无实质性病变,包括腔隙、脑白质高信号、全脑皮质萎缩。所有入组患者完善DSA检查评估血管狭窄程度(颈内动脉颅外段、颈内动脉颅内段、大脑前动脉、大脑中动脉、大脑后动脉、椎动脉颅外段、椎动脉颅内段和基底动脉)。根据狭窄程度分为:轻度狭窄(狭窄程度<50%)、中度狭窄(狭窄程度50%~69%),重度狭窄(狭窄程度70%~99%或闭塞);如果该血管有多处狭窄,按照该血管最狭窄的部位进行归类。
采用SPSS 27.0统计学分析软件处理相关数据。年龄采用 x -±s表示,3组间比较定量数据采用单因素方差分析;受教育程度,采用频数和百分比描述,组间比较采用 Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验,若3组间存在差异两组间比较采用Bonferroni法校正。分类变量,使用频数和百分比进行描述,二分类变量采用卡方检验进行组间比较,多分类有序变量采用Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验。结合上述组间比较结果,使用多元有序logistic回归分析, 颅内外血管狭窄和VCI之间的关联使用具有优势比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)的逻辑回归模型确定。双侧检验P<0.05被认为差异有统计学意义。
本次研究共纳入105名诊断为VCI患者,按认知障碍的严重程度分为轻度VCI共77人和重度VCI共28人。3组间比较提示年龄有统计学差异(P<0.001),而性别、受教育程度比较差异无统计学意(P>0.05)。3组间心脑血管病危险因素比例(高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症)差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),冠心病、心房颤动、吸烟史、饮酒史比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组间缺血性卒中病史和腔隙≥2个的比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),并且从正常认知组到重度VCI,缺血性卒中病史和腔隙≥2个的比例都呈增加趋势,如表1所示。
3组间脑白质高信号Fazekas总分、脑室旁白质Fazekas评分、深部白质Fazekas评分的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且重度VCI组脑白质病变评分显著高于轻度VCI组和对照组。3组间全脑皮质萎缩GCA分级的差异存在统计学意义(P<0.001),并且重度VCI组全脑皮质萎缩GCA分级显著高于轻度VCI组和对照组,如表2所示。
在轻度VCI组和重度VCI组中,血管狭窄发生率最高的是大脑中动脉,而在对照组中,血管狭窄发生率最高的是大脑后动脉和椎动脉颅外段。颅内前循环狭窄发生率和颅内后循环狭窄发生率最高的均为重度VCI组(75%和53.6%)。在轻度VCI组和重度VCI组中颅内前循环狭窄比例均显著高于后循环狭窄比例(61%∶35.1%;75%∶53.6%),如表3所示。
将颅内外血管狭窄程度、性别进行赋值说明:血管狭窄程度(无狭窄=0、轻度狭窄=1、中重度狭窄=2),性别(男性=1、女性=2)。模型一中纳入所有颅内外大血管狭窄情况,结果表明颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段、大脑中动脉狭窄程度是VCI严重程度的主要影响因素,说明随着颈内动脉、大脑中动脉狭窄程度的增加,对患者发生VCI的可能有促进作用。模型二校正年龄、性别的影响,发现随着颈内动脉、大脑中动脉狭窄程度的增加,仍对患者发生VCI的可能呈促进作用,这些关联保持不变,如表4表5所示。
表2表4表5可知,将颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段、大脑中动脉狭窄程度、WMHs、脑萎缩分级作为自变量,VCI患者严重程度为因变量,进行Spearman相关性分析。结果提示:颈内动脉C1段、颈内C2~C7段狭窄程度与VCI患者严重程度存在低等程度正相关(rs=0.367,P<0.001;rs=0.325,P<0.001),而大脑中动脉狭窄程度、WMHs、脑萎缩分级与VCI患者严重程度存在中等程度正相关(rs=0.529,P<0.001;rs=0.778,P<0.001;rs=0.633,P<0.001),如表6所示。
目前关于颅内外大动脉狭窄和VCI的相关性未得到充分的研究,大部分研究都着重于颈动脉对认知的影响,而忽略其他颅内外血管的存在。本文研究表明,随着心血管危险因素(高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症)及颈内动脉、大脑中动脉狭窄程度的增加,受试者发生VCI的风险显著增加,存在正相关性。CREST-2队列[14]证明,认知能力下降与颈动脉闭塞性疾病存在相关性,通过进一步调整与认知障碍相关的心血管危险因素,这种影响将适度减弱。在Lineback等[5]研究中,通过颈动脉超声、磁共振成像和神经心理测试评估的1 975名无痴呆或卒中史的参与者中,颈动脉狭窄与认知能力下降和脑灌注成像指标相关。有研究发现,左侧颈动脉狭窄比右侧狭窄更容易导致认知功能损害[8]。一些研究尝试通过评估颈动脉内膜切除术或颈动脉支架植入术后认知功能的变化来推测颈动脉狭窄的影响,多数临床研究显示,在术后早期认知功能没有显著变化,而且晚期评估认知功能时,多数研究也基本没有变化,仅仅在某些认知领域有所改善[15-16]。但也有少部分研究表明颈动脉血运重建术可能有效改善颈动脉狭窄合并脑梗死患者的认知功能[17]。总之,两种手术治疗对颈动脉狭窄患者术后认知的部分改善可能相对较小,对生活质量或痴呆的发展难以产生有意义的影响。目前越来越多的证据表明,严重颈动脉狭窄患者与认知障碍以及认知障碍向痴呆的进展有关[5,8,18]
VCI涉及的认知领域通常包括执行功能和处理速度,以及单词列表和视觉内容的延迟回忆,研究表明无症状颈动脉狭窄患者与其注意力、反应速度、记忆力和视觉空间能力下降有关[9]。颈动脉狭窄可通过多种机制导致认知损害,包括脑血流动力学受损、WMHs、脑皮质萎缩、脑功能连接性下降等[11,19]。一项综述结果表明,脑血流动力学受损在影响颈动脉狭窄患者认知功能方面发挥着显著的作用[11]。颈动脉狭窄会导致脑血流量减少,通过限制脑实质血流量,可能导致终末器官损伤、脑实质萎缩和神经变性[20]。脑灌注不足被认为会加速淀粉样蛋白和tau蛋白的沉积,这是一种潜在的血流限制和认知功能障碍之间的联系[16]。Bhandari等[21]研究表明,单侧颈动脉狭窄患者的同侧半球血流动力学和功能网络受损约60%。其他机制解释包括栓塞引起的脑梗死或者分水岭梗死[22],这可能是狭窄和认知功能障碍之间的中间步骤。
本文研究表明,WMHs和脑萎缩的严重程度与VCI的发生有很强的相关性[6],WMHs可能通过轴索-神经元逆行性退变导致脑萎缩[23]。研究显示,慢性脑缺血可导致敏感的脑室周围和深部白质纤维产生脱髓鞘样改变和轴突变性,可引起大脑高级神经功能障碍。这种改变不仅影响神经纤维的传导速度,还可能导致神经纤维之间的连接中断,从而影响大脑的信息处理和传递能力[7,24]。分子机制研究证实,脑白质的血供不足,可能增加其对缺氧及小血管和大血管损伤的易感性。轴突损伤导致神经元近端和远端变性(沃勒氏变性),进而神经元逐渐退化甚至死亡,出现认知功能障碍[24]。此外,有强有力的证据表明颈动脉狭窄与脑实质损伤标志物相关,包括白质高信号和灰质微结构损伤[16]。这些标志物的存在有助于对VCI的严重程度进一步判断。本研究表明,颈动脉狭窄是认知能力下降的重要危险因素,独立于其他血管危险因素和脑血管疾病标志物的影响,并可能涉及VCI的病理生理。
(1)随着颈内动脉、大脑中动脉狭窄程度的增加,患者发生VCI的风险显著增加,心血管危险因素、缺血性脑卒中的发生将进一步使脑血管狭窄患者的整体认知能力下降,尤其是VCI的发生。这也进一步表明脑血管狭窄是脑动脉粥样硬化的标志,颅内外大动脉病变情况可作为VCI的检测指标之一,存在一定的可行治疗方向。
(2)局限性:第一,由于本病例对照研究是横断面检查,因此无法建立颅内外动脉狭窄与VCI发展之间的时间关联。第二,与VCI患者相比,对照组相对年轻,心脑血管危险因素负担较小,可能导致选择上的偏差。第三,本文研究的样本量较小,后续研究可扩大临床队列样本量以及长期随访,进一步论证研究结论。
  • 河北省2024年度医学科学研究课题(20242344)
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2405662
  • 接收时间:2024-07-28
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-04-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-28
  • 修回日期:2025-01-17
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河北省2024年度医学科学研究课题(20242344)
作者信息
    1 河北医科大学研究生院, 石家庄 050000
    2 邯郸市中心医院神经内五科, 邯郸 056001

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* 张忠波(1976—),男,汉族,河北邯郸人,硕士,主任医师。研究方向:脑血管病。E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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