Article(id=1149780469258084709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402959, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1713715200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-22, revisedDate=1735574400000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-31, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752058625758, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1744041600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752058625758, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752058625758, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752058625758, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149780466032669506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='10', pageStart='3969', pageEnd='4395', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752058624990, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456644259, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218558743898411553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218558743898411554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149780466032669506, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4347, endPage=4354, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149780469413273959, articleId=1149780469258084709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Influence of Dense Floor Opening on Existing Main Structures of Subway Stations, columnId=1156262728772735295, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Traffics and Transportations, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To study the influence of dense floor openings on existing main structures of subway stations, based on the reconstruction and expansion project of Dongsi Shitiao Station on Line 3 of Beijing Subway, finite element analysis method was used to simulate the dense openings on the bottom plate and the construction of vertical shafts. The stress and deformation characteristics of the station main structure were analyzed, and the impact of different phased opening schemes on the structural deformation of the station floor was discussed. Finally, verification was conducted in conjunction with on-site monitoring. The results show as follows. During the excavation and support process of shafts after floor opening, staggered excavation of adjacent shafts can effectively reduce the deformation of the station main structure, with the deformation being related to the depths of the two shafts and the distance between them. When the number of floor openings is large and dense, the opening order needs to be reasonably allocated. Through comparison and optimization of different phased opening schemes, it is found that compared to the three-phase opening scheme, the two-phase opening scheme increases the settlement by an average of 0.3 mm. However, the former shortens the construction period, improves construction efficiency, and is therefore recommended under the condition of meeting deformation control requirements.

, correspAuthors=Shao-hui HE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Bing-ke LIU, Zhi-ye YANG, Shao-hui HE, Shou-xing BAI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149780513860313984, articleId=1149780469258084709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=地铁车站底板密集开洞对既有主体结构影响, columnId=1156262730664366426, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·交通运输, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为研究车站底板密集开洞对既有车站主体结构的影响,依托北京地铁东四十条3号线车站改扩建工程,通过有限元分析方法对底板密集开洞并施工竖井进行模拟,分析了车站主体结构应力和变形变化规律,并讨论了不同分批开洞方案对车站底板结构变形的影响,最后结合实际现场监测进行了验证。结果表明:在底板开洞后进行竖井的开挖与支护的过程中,相邻竖井错开时间开挖能够有效地减少车站主体结构的变形量,变形量分别与两竖井各自深度以及相互之间的距离有关。当底板开洞数量多且密集时,需合理分配开洞顺序。通过不同分批开洞方案对比优化后,发现分2批开洞相较于分3批开洞方案,最终沉降量平均增大0.3 mm,但前者能缩短工期,施工效率更高,因此在满足变形控制指标条件下,采用分2批开洞的方案。

, correspAuthors=贺少辉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 贺少辉(1966—),男,汉族,江西吉安人,博士,教授。研究方向:地下结构设计与施工理论。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=X5lwNciRnBTszTabazHE6g==, magXml=obb3sU4gWEFa5neVjgc/uw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=A3XX4/uK34wd0hApmXIFNQ==, pdfFileSize=13954665, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Oj3+eq3sogpSLMbEBCal4A==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=nQnBZWJdk47nj+hwcAsIRw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘兵科(1978—),男,汉族,广东梅州人,教授级工程师。研究方向:地铁施工。E-mail:

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刘兵科(1978—),男,汉族,广东梅州人,教授级工程师。研究方向:地铁施工。E-mail:

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刘兵科(1978—),男,汉族,广东梅州人,教授级工程师。研究方向:地铁施工。E-mail:

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竖井开挖深度/m

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Control index of structural deformation at bottom plate opening

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控制指标 预警值/mm 报警值/mm 控制值/mm
竖向变形 0.7 0.8 1.0
横向变形 0.7 0.8 1.0
), ArticleFig(id=1218525110349255253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780469258084709, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

底板破口处结构变形控制指标

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控制指标 预警值/mm 报警值/mm 控制值/mm
竖向变形 0.7 0.8 1.0
横向变形 0.7 0.8 1.0
), ArticleFig(id=1218525110466695771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780469258084709, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Calculation parameter for concrete structures

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结构名称 密度/(kg·m-3) 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比
车站主体结构 2 500 30.0 0.2
底板开洞初支 2 500 25.5 0.2
底板开洞二衬 2 500 30.0 0.2
), ArticleFig(id=1218525110634467945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780469258084709, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

混凝土结构计算参数

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结构名称 密度/(kg·m-3) 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比
车站主体结构 2 500 30.0 0.2
底板开洞初支 2 500 25.5 0.2
底板开洞二衬 2 500 30.0 0.2
), ArticleFig(id=1218525110735131248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780469258084709, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Stratigraphic parameters after weighted average

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层 厚度/
m
密度/
(kg·m-3)
弹性模
量/MPa
泊松
黏聚力/
kPa
内摩擦
角/(°)
土+粉质
黏土
19.64 1.907 16.8 0.35 18.5 19.9
粉细砂+
黏土
13.17 2.034 18.8 0.33 9.2 29.7
砂土+圆
砾、卵石
27.18 2.078 20.4 0.32 0 34.7
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加权地层参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层 厚度/
m
密度/
(kg·m-3)
弹性模
量/MPa
泊松
黏聚力/
kPa
内摩擦
角/(°)
土+粉质
黏土
19.64 1.907 16.8 0.35 18.5 19.9
粉细砂+
黏土
13.17 2.034 18.8 0.33 9.2 29.7
砂土+圆
砾、卵石
27.18 2.078 20.4 0.32 0 34.7
), ArticleFig(id=1218525110907097736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780469258084709, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The final settlement table of each measurement point

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指标 测点
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
分3批开洞沉降
Si/mm
0.41 0.32 0.06 0.41 0.28 0.11 0.64 0.86
分2批开洞沉降
Sj/mm
0.64 0.54 0.56 0.93 0.78 0.42 0.86 0.98
沉降差
Sj-Si/mm
0.23 0.22 0.50 0.52 0.50 0.31 0.22 0.12
), ArticleFig(id=1218525111016149653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149780469258084709, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各测点最终沉降表

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指标 测点
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
分3批开洞沉降
Si/mm
0.41 0.32 0.06 0.41 0.28 0.11 0.64 0.86
分2批开洞沉降
Sj/mm
0.64 0.54 0.56 0.93 0.78 0.42 0.86 0.98
沉降差
Sj-Si/mm
0.23 0.22 0.50 0.52 0.50 0.31 0.22 0.12
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地铁车站底板密集开洞对既有主体结构影响
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刘兵科 1 , 杨治业 2 , 贺少辉 2, * , 白守兴 1
科学技术与工程 | 论文·交通运输 2025,25(10): 4347-4354
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·交通运输 2025, 25(10): 4347-4354
地铁车站底板密集开洞对既有主体结构影响
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刘兵科1 , 杨治业2, 贺少辉2, * , 白守兴1
作者信息
  • 1 北京建工土木工程有限公司, 北京 100085
  • 2 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院, 北京 100044
  • 刘兵科(1978—),男,汉族,广东梅州人,教授级工程师。研究方向:地铁施工。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 贺少辉(1966—),男,汉族,江西吉安人,博士,教授。研究方向:地下结构设计与施工理论。E-mail:
Influence of Dense Floor Opening on Existing Main Structures of Subway Stations
Bing-ke LIU1 , Zhi-ye YANG2, Shao-hui HE2, * , Shou-xing BAI1
Affiliations
  • 1 BCEG Civil Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, China
  • 2 School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
出版时间: 2025-04-08 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402959
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为研究车站底板密集开洞对既有车站主体结构的影响,依托北京地铁东四十条3号线车站改扩建工程,通过有限元分析方法对底板密集开洞并施工竖井进行模拟,分析了车站主体结构应力和变形变化规律,并讨论了不同分批开洞方案对车站底板结构变形的影响,最后结合实际现场监测进行了验证。结果表明:在底板开洞后进行竖井的开挖与支护的过程中,相邻竖井错开时间开挖能够有效地减少车站主体结构的变形量,变形量分别与两竖井各自深度以及相互之间的距离有关。当底板开洞数量多且密集时,需合理分配开洞顺序。通过不同分批开洞方案对比优化后,发现分2批开洞相较于分3批开洞方案,最终沉降量平均增大0.3 mm,但前者能缩短工期,施工效率更高,因此在满足变形控制指标条件下,采用分2批开洞的方案。

地铁车站改造  /  密集开洞  /  数值计算  /  变形

To study the influence of dense floor openings on existing main structures of subway stations, based on the reconstruction and expansion project of Dongsi Shitiao Station on Line 3 of Beijing Subway, finite element analysis method was used to simulate the dense openings on the bottom plate and the construction of vertical shafts. The stress and deformation characteristics of the station main structure were analyzed, and the impact of different phased opening schemes on the structural deformation of the station floor was discussed. Finally, verification was conducted in conjunction with on-site monitoring. The results show as follows. During the excavation and support process of shafts after floor opening, staggered excavation of adjacent shafts can effectively reduce the deformation of the station main structure, with the deformation being related to the depths of the two shafts and the distance between them. When the number of floor openings is large and dense, the opening order needs to be reasonably allocated. Through comparison and optimization of different phased opening schemes, it is found that compared to the three-phase opening scheme, the two-phase opening scheme increases the settlement by an average of 0.3 mm. However, the former shortens the construction period, improves construction efficiency, and is therefore recommended under the condition of meeting deformation control requirements.

renovation of metro stations  /  densely holed  /  numerical calculations  /  deformation
刘兵科, 杨治业, 贺少辉, 白守兴. 地铁车站底板密集开洞对既有主体结构影响. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (10) : 4347 -4354 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402959
Bing-ke LIU, Zhi-ye YANG, Shao-hui HE, Shou-xing BAI. Influence of Dense Floor Opening on Existing Main Structures of Subway Stations[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (10) : 4347 -4354 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402959
随着中国大规模的城镇化建设,大城市人口剧增、规模扩大,交通拥堵、环境污染问题日益显著。为解决上述问题,国内掀起了地铁建设热潮,其中将大量涉及地铁线路交叉换乘、既有车站扩容等问题,需对相关长久运营的地铁车站进行改扩建[1]。然而,相关经验缺乏,急需对此进行研究。
地铁车站改扩建不可避免地需要对既有结构进行开洞处理。在开洞过程中,随着车站局部构件的破除,车站主体结构受力状态发生变化[2-4],可能导致既有运营地铁车站的损伤,并且开洞后进行竖井的开挖与支护[5]以及在车站底板下开挖暗挖通道[6]都会对周围地层产生扰动,引起周围建筑的破坏,因此开洞的风险极大[7-8]
目前在开洞方面的研究主要集中在侧墙开洞,王斌[9]提出了一次性凿除单个开洞的侧墙改造方案,并采用数值计算分析了各工况下既有车站的内力重分布及变形情况;瞿跃方[10]对车站结构墙体大面积凿除中不同施工方案和工序进行计算分析和优化;黎建等[11]提出并验证了整体采取“化整为零、对称破除、随破随支”及“先两边后中间”的施工工序,可有效控制既有车站结构变形。可见在侧墙开洞方面,开洞对既有车站结构的影响已有较成熟的经验,然而以上研究均无涉及密集开洞。相比之下关于底板开洞,当前国内实际工程较少,底板开洞对车站结构影响的相关案例研究和经验较缺乏,仅可见刘昕铭等[12]从施工步序、力系转换等方面研究了既有车站结构底板破除对运营地铁车站的影响;王媛[13]分析了底板开洞位置选择以及底板孔洞破除顺序对既有地铁车站主体结构的影响。但是关于大面积底板开洞的相关工程未有报道。然而当出现对车站底板多处位置进行密集开洞并施工换乘通道情况时,车站的受力体系会发生更大变化,既有主体结构的沉降变形也会更大,施工难度和风险也更高。
因此,本文研究依托北京地铁东四十条车站既有主体结构改造工程,用有限元分析软件模拟底板密集开洞施工,分析开洞施工影响,讨论不同分批开洞方案对于车站主体结构的影响,并结合施工监测对数值模拟进行验证。以期为类似地铁车站新建换乘通道工程施工影响控制提出参考借鉴。
东四十条站建成于1981年,是一座十字交叉型换乘车站,上层为2号线,下层为3号线。2号线车站已经运营40余年,既有3号线车站在建造2号线车站时同步留设,但长期未投入使用,图1(b)拍摄于预留3号线车站改造前。
对东四十条车站附属结构改扩建施工需要在既有3号线车站增设疏散口、安全通道、换乘通道等结构。具体改造内容为:在预留3号线车站底板开洞,并在底板下方增设多处楼扶梯通道,再通过开挖暗挖通道到达分别与3号和4号连接通道相连,如图2所示,以此实现2号线与新建3号线站台层的换乘功能。
以预留3号线站厅层底板开洞施工为例,研究开洞施工对既有结构的影响,改造平面图如图3所示,开洞部位包括:
(1)3号扶梯、9号扶梯和8号扶梯,相应的开洞尺寸为10 050 mm×3 900 mm、10 050 mm×5 000 mm和16 350 mm×4 050 mm。
(2)2号垂梯和2号电缆通道,开洞尺寸分别为2 800 mm×2 300 mm、5 300 mm×3 700 mm。
2号电缆通道、2号垂梯洞口采用整体切割开洞方案;8号扶梯、9号扶梯和3号扶梯采用分块切割、预留钢筋混凝土支撑的方案。扶梯开洞分为临时开洞和永久开洞两个阶段,如图4所示。
临时开洞阶段:①在板下井侧壁进行深孔注浆,注浆范围为初支外1.5 m,深孔注浆由预留结构底板向下进行注浆加固;②凿除临时支撑范围内底板,施作临时洞边梁;③凿除竖井1部分及竖井3部分底板,向下开挖竖井1、竖井3,每开挖1米及时施作初期支护;④凿除竖井2部分及竖井4部分底板,向下开挖竖井2、竖井4并施作初期支护;永久开洞阶段:①分段凿除底板下初支并施作通道二衬结构;②施作底板新建结构;③混凝土达到设计强度后,凿除临时支撑,完成剩余部分底板。
东四十条站所处地层为一般第四系冲洪积层,地层依次向下主要为杂填土、粉细砂、黏土、细中砂、圆砾卵石、黏土、细中砂和圆砾卵石,如图5所示。
根据既有结构现状评估与安全性评价,确定了结构变形控制指标,如表1所示。
由于底板开洞位置密集且数量较多,因此需要合理分配开洞顺序,优化分批开洞方案。现拟对车站采用图6所示分3批开洞方案和分2批开洞方案,图6中数字1~6表示开洞顺序,两种分批方案代表了不同的开洞密集程度,通过计算分析不同工况下开洞施工引起结构的应力变化和位移,以此研究密集开洞对既有车站主体结构的影响。
本文研究所采用的有限元软件为FLAC3D 6.0,数值计算采用地层—结构法,岩土体采用摩尔-库伦本构模型,混凝土结构采用线弹性模型。建立的三维模型如图7(a)所示,模型长130 m、高55 m,沿车站轴线方向取80 m。模型边界条件为:底部全约束,四周沿法向的约束,顶面为自由边界。车站开挖、开洞处理采用生死单元法处理[14]
模型模拟开洞步骤为:①初始地应力场模拟,获得土体在自重应力场下的初始位移;②预留3号线车站的开挖及支护;③注浆加固底板下土体,根据朱明听等[15]和彭云涌等[16]的注浆实验结果,并结合现场注浆参数确定注浆加固区的数值模拟材料参数,即注浆后土层黏聚力及内摩擦角可以近似取为原有土层的1.4倍,弹性模量可以取为原有土层的40倍,注浆范围为井侧壁初支外1.5 m;④底板分批、分块和跳仓开洞处理并向下开挖竖井,并在车站底板孔口处施作环梁;⑤竖井每向下开挖1 m,及时施作初期支护,依此类推直到指定深度;⑥待施作完二次衬砌后凿除临时支撑。施工完成后的有限元模型如图7(b)所示。
模型中混凝土结构参数如表2所示,加权地层参数如表3所示。
分3批开洞和分2批洞完成后车站底板的应力分布情况如图8所示。底板开洞前,底板整体受拉,应力平均值为0.60 MPa,开洞后,车站底板结构应力分布发生变化,如图8(a)图8(b)所示,由应力云图看出,洞口长边处受拉,短边处受压,拉应力最大值为1.01 MPa,比开洞前增加出现66.67%,出现在洞口长边的中点处;压应力最大值为3.55 MPa,出现在洞口短边的中点处。受密集开洞的影响,两洞口之间的应力值明显增大,从0.75 MPa增长到1.01 MPa,因此在底板开洞施工过程中,有必要增设两扶梯之间的洞边加强梁。而经过比较分2批和分3批开洞引起的结构内力变化,发现两者相差不大,内力分布规律基本一致。
既有3号线地铁车站的经过底板密集开洞并向下开挖竖井施工完成后,两种方案开洞完成后的底板沉降云图分别如图8(c)图8(d)所示。图8(c)表示的是分3批开洞的最终沉降云图;图8(d)表示的是分2批开洞的最终沉降云图,可见最大沉降值为1.02 mm,出现在电缆通道破口处。
由沉降云图可知,开挖深度是引起既有车站结构沉降的主要因素,开挖越深,沉降越大;而在已开挖完成孔洞邻近继续开洞也会引起原有孔洞周边的沉降变化,沉降大小与两洞的水平距离及各自开挖深度有关,靠得越近,沉降越大,两洞开挖深度越大,沉降也越大。由这两张位移云图均可以看出,分两批开洞相较于分三批开洞的方案主要影响了3号扶梯周边沉降变化,大约提升了大约0.3 mm的沉降量,而其他区域最终沉降量变化微小,主要原因是3号扶梯靠近8号扶梯,两者同时开挖势必引起沉降量增大。
为了更好地表示底板开洞全过程中沉降的变化情况,在数值模拟分析中布设了一些具有代表性的测点,分别为测点1~8和测点a、b、c、d,如图9所示。记录并绘制了如图10所示各点的沉降变化曲线图,横坐标中数字代表施工步序,如图6所示。
图10可以看出,在进行底板开洞的过程中,孔洞周围竖向位移变化总体呈下沉的趋势,部分时间段出现少量上升是因为邻近底板开洞施作加强环梁而导致周围地层的隆起。
图10(a)图10(b)比较可见,开洞密集程度与车站结构最终沉降值有关。两种分批方案导致车站主体结构沉降变形规律基本一致,但数值上相差0.3 mm左右。因此在进行底板密集开洞开挖竖井的过程中,相邻竖井错开开挖能够有效减小车站主体结构的沉降变形。由图10(b)还可见开挖深度也与沉降变形有关,测点3、测点4处开挖深度分别为4 m和16 m,相应沉降值分别为0.56 mm和0.93 mm。
图10(c)图10(d)中,分3批开洞后沉降量从大到小为a>c>b>d,而分2批开洞为d>c>a>b,说明分2批开洞时造成9号扶梯周边处沉降量更大。区别在于前者的8号扶梯和3号扶梯是先后开挖的,而后者是同时开挖的,这导致后开挖的9号扶梯时所引起的沉降量更大,两者相差0.4 mm,这也说明错开时间开挖能有效地减小沉降变形。
各测点的最终沉降量如表4所示。由表可以看出分2批开洞后大部分点的沉降量有所增加,增加量普遍在0.1~0.3 mm,变化最明显的出现在3号扶梯周边,沉降增加量最高达到0.52 mm,原因是:在分3批开洞方案中,最先进行3号扶梯的开洞,周围没有出现正在开洞或已经完成开洞的情况,此时既有车站底板下的地层受到扰动最小,所以整个3号扶梯开洞完成后的沉降量只有0.41 mm,而在分2批开洞方案中,同时进行了3号扶梯和8号扶梯的开洞施工,导致最终沉降量达到了0.93 mm。
经过两种分批开洞方案对比,发现分2批开洞方案相较于分3批开洞方案,虽使得大部分区域沉降量提升了0.2 mm左右(小部分提升了0.5 mm左右),但是大大缩短了工期,施工效率更高,而且也能够满足变形控制指标,因此最终选择分2批进行底板密集开洞方案。
采用了分2批开洞方案后,在底板开洞施工过程中,在既有车站结构底板破口处变形敏感部位布设测点,如图11所示,分别在8号扶梯和3号扶梯破口处布设2个测点。通过实际现场监测了解预留车站底板开洞各施工阶段结构的动态变化,把握施工过程中结构所处的安全状态。
图12可知,车站底板开洞后施工楼扶梯通道完成后,底板结构沉降变形值小于控制值,密集开洞和换乘楼扶梯通道施工对于既有车站主体结构的影响可控。并且现场监测结果与采用数值模拟对车站结构影响结果基本一致,平均相差0.1 mm左右,说明借助数值模拟预测车站底板密集开洞施工变形是可行的。
(1)在底板开洞后进行竖井的开挖与支护的过程中,相邻竖井错开时间开挖能够有效地减少车站主体结构的变形量,变形量分别与两竖井各自深度以及相互之间的距离有关。
(2)当底板开洞数量多且密集时,需合理分配开洞顺序。本文研究通过不同分批开洞方案对比优化后,发现分2批开洞相较于分3批开洞方案,最终沉降量平均增大0.3 mm,但前者能缩短工期,施工效率更高,因此在满足变形控制指标条件下,采用分2批开洞的方案。
  • 北京建工土木工程有限公司资助项目(KCL19055530)
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2025年第25卷第10期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402959
  • 接收时间:2024-04-22
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-04-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22
  • 修回日期:2024-12-31
基金
北京建工土木工程有限公司资助项目(KCL19055530)
作者信息
    1 北京建工土木工程有限公司, 北京 100085
    2 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院, 北京 100044

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* 贺少辉(1966—),男,汉族,江西吉安人,博士,教授。研究方向:地下结构设计与施工理论。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Genus
种数
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species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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