Article(id=1149774728174465670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2402357, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1711987200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-02, revisedDate=1737475200000, revisedDateStr=2025-01-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057256978, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1745769600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057256978, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057256978, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057256978, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149774724923880044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='12', pageStart='4827', pageEnd='5272', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057256203, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456746933, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559174552764785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559174552764786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4913, endPage=4919, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149774728409346698, articleId=1149774728174465670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Long Term Displacement Prediction of Landslides Based on GCformer, columnId=1156262729351549255, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Astronomy and Geosciences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
To enhance the long-term displacement prediction accuracy of landslides, the GCformer model was applied to landslide displacement forecasting, and a novel landslide displacement prediction approach grounded in the GCformer model was proposed. This methodology leveraged rainfall and displacement as input variables, utilized the GConvmsk module to capture the global information of the sequence, and combined a linear scaling technique of sequence length to efficiently extract data features. Concurrently, the PatchTST model was employed to automatically extract short-term and long-term signals from the sequence data, in order to obtain more comprehensive historical information and bolster the model's robustness and modeling capability. Finally, the landslide displacement monitoring data from Jinliuping Village and Yuanshitan Village in Huichuan County, Dingxi City, Gansu Province, were utilized for case validation. The findings demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits superior prediction accuracy and reliability. In comparison to the Autoformer model and the FEDformer model, the GCformer model is found to achieve the lowest error in both total displacement and vertical displacement.
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为提高滑坡长期位移预测精度,将GCformer模型运用到滑坡位移预测,提出一种基于GCformer模型的滑坡位移预测方法。该方法以降雨量和位移量作为输入,利用GConvmsk模块获取序列的全局信息,并结合序列长度线性缩放来高效提取数据特征。同时,利用PatchTST模型来自动提取序列数据中的近短期信号,获取更全面的历史信息,从而提高模型的鲁棒性和对数据的建模能力。最后,利用甘肃定西市会川镇锦柳坪村和元始滩村滑坡位移监测数据进行实例验证。结果表明:该模型与Autoformer模型和FEDformer模型相比,GCformer模型在总位移和垂直位移上具有更高的预测精度和更好的可靠性。
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3 School of Computing and Communications, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1179786705730155084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, companyId=1179786705717572170, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 兰州理工大学计算机与通信学院, 兰州 730050)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1179786707969913456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Diagram of the main body of the GCformer model, figureFileSmall=/ehNpQZF7f3Rv0iGSti8gg==, figureFileBig=1vs6Zy8RuKvWyVxTlsf/8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708053799537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
GCformer模型主体结构图 X:(b,n,d)为输入序列长度,其中,b (batch size)为批量大小;n为每个样本的特征数量;d为每个特征的向量维度;X为输入序列长度;Xtail为序列尾部;Y:(b,n,d)为输出序列长度;q(Query)为查询向量;k(Key)为键向量;v(Value)为值向量;n'为序列尾部的特征数量
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Flowchart of landslide displacement prediction, figureFileSmall=LFJHQ53GoB++bAFPkY2ONQ==, figureFileBig=VJ8aal5AKv/IpKE7oR1xYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708179628659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
滑坡位移预测流程图, figureFileSmall=LFJHQ53GoB++bAFPkY2ONQ==, figureFileBig=VJ8aal5AKv/IpKE7oR1xYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708234154612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Monitoring point displacement-rainfall monitoring, figureFileSmall=3JeNWRsX5EDqvVieKEPygw==, figureFileBig=WZSZgB5NwZIlyUjN5GH4zQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708284486261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
监测点位移-降雨量监测曲线, figureFileSmall=3JeNWRsX5EDqvVieKEPygw==, figureFileBig=WZSZgB5NwZIlyUjN5GH4zQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708355789430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Comparative effect of the total displacement, vertical landslide displacement in Jinliuping Village, figureFileSmall=C7hus7OM7CCgVwVSl9VYpQ==, figureFileBig=hg01ig9aZJyy2pkfVud2Rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708410315383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
锦柳坪村滑坡总位移、垂直方向位移对比效果图, figureFileSmall=C7hus7OM7CCgVwVSl9VYpQ==, figureFileBig=hg01ig9aZJyy2pkfVud2Rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708481618552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Comparison results of total displacement and vertical displacement of Yuanshitan Village Landslide, figureFileSmall=Kyj0R6DHFZrtrD+rYcc5AQ==, figureFileBig=hg1B6kabv3ZnurXBDAmLyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708536144505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
元始滩村滑坡总位移、垂直方向滑坡位移对比结果, figureFileSmall=Kyj0R6DHFZrtrD+rYcc5AQ==, figureFileBig=hg1B6kabv3ZnurXBDAmLyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179786708603253370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Comparison of the displacement prediction accuracy of different models of total displacement and vertical direction of landslide in Jinliuping Village
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| 指标 | 预测模型 | MAE/mm | MSE/mm | RMSE/mm | R2 |
| GCformer | 0.274 | 0.130 | 0.360 | 0.907 |
| 总位移 | FEDformer | 0.357 | 0.208 | 0.456 | 0.851 |
| Autoformer | 0.345 | 0.201 | 0.449 | 0.856 |
| GCformer | 0.553 | 0.505 | 0.711 | 0.871 |
| 垂直方向 | FEDformer | 0.586 | 0.551 | 0.742 | 0.859 |
| Autoformer | 0.700 | 0.784 | 0.885 | 0.800 |
), ArticleFig(id=1179786708670362235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
锦柳坪村滑坡总位移和垂直方向不同模型位移预测精度对比
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| 指标 | 预测模型 | MAE/mm | MSE/mm | RMSE/mm | R2 |
| GCformer | 0.274 | 0.130 | 0.360 | 0.907 |
| 总位移 | FEDformer | 0.357 | 0.208 | 0.456 | 0.851 |
| Autoformer | 0.345 | 0.201 | 0.449 | 0.856 |
| GCformer | 0.553 | 0.505 | 0.711 | 0.871 |
| 垂直方向 | FEDformer | 0.586 | 0.551 | 0.742 | 0.859 |
| Autoformer | 0.700 | 0.784 | 0.885 | 0.800 |
), ArticleFig(id=1179786708733276796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774728174465670, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Comparison of prediction accuracy of total displacement and vertical displacement of different models at the landslide site in Yuanshitan Village
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 预测模型 | MAE/mm | MSE/mm | RMSE/mm | R2 |
| GCformer | 0.274 | 0.130 | 0.360 | 0.917 |
| 总位移 | FEDformer | 0.357 | 0.208 | 0.456 | 0.851 |
| Autoformer | 0.441 | 0.317 | 0.563 | 0.902 |
| GCformer | 0.553 | 0.505 | 0.711 | 0.871 |
| 垂直方向 | FEDformer | 0.586 | 0.551 | 0.742 | 0.859 |
| Autoformer | 0.845 | 1.160 | 1.072 | 0.636 |
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元始滩村滑坡点总位移和垂直方向不同模型位移预测精度对比
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| 指标 | 预测模型 | MAE/mm | MSE/mm | RMSE/mm | R2 |
| GCformer | 0.274 | 0.130 | 0.360 | 0.917 |
| 总位移 | FEDformer | 0.357 | 0.208 | 0.456 | 0.851 |
| Autoformer | 0.441 | 0.317 | 0.563 | 0.902 |
| GCformer | 0.553 | 0.505 | 0.711 | 0.871 |
| 垂直方向 | FEDformer | 0.586 | 0.551 | 0.742 | 0.859 |
| Autoformer | 0.845 | 1.160 | 1.072 | 0.636 |
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