Article(id=1149774725825655407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404114, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1717344000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-03, revisedDate=1738857600000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057256418, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1745769600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057256418, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057256418, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057256418, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149774724923880044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='12', pageStart='4827', pageEnd='5272', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057256203, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456746933, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559174552764785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559174552764786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=5037, endPage=5044, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149774726052147826, articleId=1149774725825655407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=DTS Synthesis Gas Pipeline Leakage or Damage Detection and Location Based on Adaptive Variance Threshold Algorithm, columnId=1172606853226840582, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Electronic and Communicational Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In the coal-water slurry gasification system, a reduction in the temperature of the syngas pipeline can cause acid gases to condense, which may lead to corrosion of the pipeline's inner surface and potentially result in perforation leaks. To enable prompt detection and precise localization of any leakage or damage within the syngas pipeline, The techniques were explored for identifying and locating such issues through distributed temperature sensing(DTS). An algorithm based on an adaptive variance threshold was proposed for DTS detection and localization. Initially, hierarchical clustering was utilized to recognize detected signals, facilitating differentiation between normal operating conditions and those indicative of leaks or damages. Following this, identified leak signals undergo processing via variance analysis combined with adaptive threshold settings to accurately determine leak or damage locations. This approach shows improved accuracy in pinpointing leak or damage sites compared to fixed threshold methods as well as selective average threshold methods, enhancing positioning precision by 0.32 m and 0.17 m respectively. A temperature measurement experiment conducted at a coal gasification facility successfully confirmed accurate identification of leakage or damage points.

, correspAuthors=Qiang WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ling-yue BI, Qiang WANG, Yu-hang WU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149774751004062029, articleId=1149774725825655407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=基于自适应方差阈值算法的DTS合成气管道漏损检测与定位, columnId=1156908031230435950, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·电子技术、通信技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

在水煤浆气化装置中合成气管道温度降低会造成酸性气体冷凝,对管道内壁产生腐蚀甚至导致穿孔泄漏。为及时发现合成气管道漏损点并精确定位,研究基于分布式光纤测温系统(distributed temperature sensing, DTS)的合成气管道漏损检测与定位。提出一种基于自适应方差阈值的DTS检测定位算法,首先运用层次聚类对检测到的信号进行识别,将漏损信号识别出来,然后将识别出的漏损信号经过方差处理、自适应阈值设定对漏损点位置进行定位,该算法能够对合成气管道漏损点进行定位。将该方法与固定阈值法和选择性平均阈值法进行比较,其定位精度分别提高了0.32 m和0.17 m。并在煤气化现场进行测温实验,对现场漏损点位置进行了精确定位。

, correspAuthors=王强, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 王强(1976—),男,汉族,湖北应城人,博士,教授。研究方向:结构健康监测技术。E-mail:
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毕灵月(2000—),女,汉族,山东德州人,硕士研究生。研究方向:安全检测技术。E-mail:

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毕灵月(2000—),女,汉族,山东德州人,硕士研究生。研究方向:安全检测技术。E-mail:

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毕灵月(2000—),女,汉族,山东德州人,硕士研究生。研究方向:安全检测技术。E-mail:

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articleId=1149774725825655407, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=漏损定位), Keyword(id=1179790608819433663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774725825655407, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=聚类分析), Keyword(id=1179790608878153920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774725825655407, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=方差处理)], refs=[Reference(id=1179790610522321110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774725825655407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=3402, pageEnd=3412, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=杨学萍, journalName=化工进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨学萍. 碳中和背景下现代煤化工技术路径探索[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3402-3412., articleTitle=碳中和背景下现代煤化工技术路径探索, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1179790610593624279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774725825655407, doi=null, pmid=null, 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基于自适应方差阈值算法的DTS合成气管道漏损检测与定位
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毕灵月 1 , 王强 1, * , 巫宇航 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·电子技术、通信技术 2025,25(12): 5037-5044
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·电子技术、通信技术 2025, 25(12): 5037-5044
基于自适应方差阈值算法的DTS合成气管道漏损检测与定位
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毕灵月1 , 王强1, * , 巫宇航2
作者信息
  • 1 中国计量大学能源环境与安全工程学院, 杭州 310018
  • 2 中国计量大学计量测试与仪器学院, 杭州 310018
  • 毕灵月(2000—),女,汉族,山东德州人,硕士研究生。研究方向:安全检测技术。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 王强(1976—),男,汉族,湖北应城人,博士,教授。研究方向:结构健康监测技术。E-mail:
DTS Synthesis Gas Pipeline Leakage or Damage Detection and Location Based on Adaptive Variance Threshold Algorithm
Ling-yue BI1 , Qiang WANG1, * , Yu-hang WU2
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Energy Environment and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
  • 2 College of Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
出版时间: 2025-04-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404114
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在水煤浆气化装置中合成气管道温度降低会造成酸性气体冷凝,对管道内壁产生腐蚀甚至导致穿孔泄漏。为及时发现合成气管道漏损点并精确定位,研究基于分布式光纤测温系统(distributed temperature sensing, DTS)的合成气管道漏损检测与定位。提出一种基于自适应方差阈值的DTS检测定位算法,首先运用层次聚类对检测到的信号进行识别,将漏损信号识别出来,然后将识别出的漏损信号经过方差处理、自适应阈值设定对漏损点位置进行定位,该算法能够对合成气管道漏损点进行定位。将该方法与固定阈值法和选择性平均阈值法进行比较,其定位精度分别提高了0.32 m和0.17 m。并在煤气化现场进行测温实验,对现场漏损点位置进行了精确定位。

煤气化装置  /  合成气管道  /  分布式光纤  /  漏损定位  /  聚类分析  /  方差处理

In the coal-water slurry gasification system, a reduction in the temperature of the syngas pipeline can cause acid gases to condense, which may lead to corrosion of the pipeline's inner surface and potentially result in perforation leaks. To enable prompt detection and precise localization of any leakage or damage within the syngas pipeline, The techniques were explored for identifying and locating such issues through distributed temperature sensing(DTS). An algorithm based on an adaptive variance threshold was proposed for DTS detection and localization. Initially, hierarchical clustering was utilized to recognize detected signals, facilitating differentiation between normal operating conditions and those indicative of leaks or damages. Following this, identified leak signals undergo processing via variance analysis combined with adaptive threshold settings to accurately determine leak or damage locations. This approach shows improved accuracy in pinpointing leak or damage sites compared to fixed threshold methods as well as selective average threshold methods, enhancing positioning precision by 0.32 m and 0.17 m respectively. A temperature measurement experiment conducted at a coal gasification facility successfully confirmed accurate identification of leakage or damage points.

coal gasification device  /  synthesis gas pipe  /  distributed optical fiber  /  leakage or damage location  /  cluster analysis  /  variance processing
毕灵月, 王强, 巫宇航. 基于自适应方差阈值算法的DTS合成气管道漏损检测与定位. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (12) : 5037 -5044 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404114
Ling-yue BI, Qiang WANG, Yu-hang WU. DTS Synthesis Gas Pipeline Leakage or Damage Detection and Location Based on Adaptive Variance Threshold Algorithm[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (12) : 5037 -5044 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404114
氢气是一种重要的化学原料,在工业领域中有着广泛的应用[1]。主流的制氢方式为煤气化制氢,以煤炭为原料,通过水煤气变换和提纯工艺生产氢气。合成气管道是水煤浆制氢装置中重要组成部分,当其产生漏损时会严重影响设备的安全运行[2]。经水洗塔洗涤后到达合成气管道内的粗合成气主要成分有CO、H2、CO2、H2O、H2S等[3]。当合成气管道温度过低时酸性气体容易与水蒸气冷凝形成有腐蚀性的小液滴,对管道内壁产生腐蚀破坏。因此为将合成气管道温度维持在约250 ℃,在煤气化现场会在合成气管壁周围布置4条电伴热加热,外部包裹硅酸铝棉毯保温,最外层用铝板做防雨层固定包围的多层结构进行保温[4]。煤气化装置在运行过程中合成气管道存在保温层损坏、电伴热失效、管道内壁腐蚀甚至穿孔导致介质泄漏等问题[5]。这些损伤或泄漏会引起合成气管壁温度降低,因此可以通过对合成气和管道外壁温度的分布式测量检测出这些损伤和泄漏点。
分布式光纤测温技术能够连续测量光纤沿线管道或周围介质的温度,因此其在管道状态检测领域广泛应用[6-8]。Wang等[9]运用分布式光纤测温系统对自来水管道泄漏进行检测,并采用选择平均阈值算法对的泄漏点进行定位,定位误差为0.5 m。Aniello[10]分析了使用分布式光纤测温系统(distributed temperature sensing, DTS)技术在水管中检测和定位到中等泄漏的可行性,分析表明使用DTS系统能够检测水管周围介质的温度变化来对泄漏进行检测和定位。王江伟等[11]进行了分布式光纤温度传感器在气体管道监测应用上的模拟实验,实验结果表明:现有的分布式光纤温度传感系统可有效用于气体管道的泄漏监测,但针对微小泄漏情况,其适用范围存在局限性。蒋思炯等[12]利用分布式光纤测温系统对蒸汽管路的温度场进行监控并用卡尔曼滤波算法处理信号。胡子昂等[13]将分布式光纤测温系统应用到煤气化合成气管道温度的在线监测上,测温误差为±2 ℃,但未对合成气管道漏损点的定位进行深入研究。
DTS系统对管道漏损点的定位精度,是其在应用中的一个重要性能指标,它关系着能否精准找寻到故障位置。准确的设定阈值是有效提高DTS系统漏损定位精度的关键。一般的DTS系统阈值设定方法是固定阈值法,即当系统检测到的温度高于设定的固定阈值温度时产生报警[14]。但是这种阈值方式,适用于温度稳定条件。在复杂环境下进行监测时存在定位精确度较低、阈值设置单一、误警率高等缺点。赵亚等[15]提出了一种基于选择性平均的分布式光纤测温传感阈值算法,通过分析阈值信号与泄漏信号的差值信号对自来水管泄漏点定位,误差为0.25~0.63 m。解决了定位精度低、误警率高等问题,但仍然存在阈值设置方式单一的缺点。由于合成气管道的工作环境复杂,漏损时的温度变化量较小,容易受到噪声的影响,这对分布式光纤测温系统的漏损识别和定位精度有较高的要求。
为利用DTS系统准确判断合成气管道是否存在漏损并进行精确定位,采用层次聚类分析识别合成气管道漏损情况,并提出一种基于自适应方差阈值的DTS检测定位算法。该算法通过计算信号方差和温度的自适应阈值,使系统通过温度和方差两种特征的阈值来进行漏损报警并定位,来提高漏损点的定位精度,为验证该算法的有效性,进行了实验室和现场实验,并将该算法与固定阈值法和选择性平均阈值法进行比较。
合成气管发生漏损时,会引起周围介质温度发生变化,由于温差变化较小且存在大量噪声干扰,人眼很难辨别出是否有漏损发生。因此,需要通过层次聚类法对DTS检测到的温度信号进行聚类分析,来识别合成气管道有无漏损发生。再对无漏损信号利用自适应方差阈值进行阈值设定,对有漏损信号进行漏损点定位。
层次聚类法[16]是一个自上而下的集群过程,即从单个数据点开始,通过计算数据点之间的距离来确定它们之间的相似度,距离越小,相似度越高。在聚类分析中,常用欧氏距离作为相似度的计算方法,其计算公式为[17]
d= i = 1 n ( b i - a j ) 2
式(1)中:d为样本点到聚类中心的欧氏距离;bi为第i个数据点;aj为第j个聚类中心。
阈值的精确设定是DTS合成气管道漏损进行检测定位的关键。为提高分布式光纤振动传感系统 (distributed vibration system, DVS)的定位精度,张博智等[18]提出了一种基于相位敏感光时域反射的动态方差阈值算法,能够快速准确地确定扰动发生位置。可以将该动态阈值算法应用到DTS系统上,因此在此算法上进行改进,提出一种自适应方差阈值算法。首先将DTS采集到的数据进行方差处理,用DTS系统采集a条数据,每条数据包含b个数据点采集到的数据用矩阵X表示,即
$\boldsymbol{X}=\left[\begin{array}{c} \boldsymbol{X}_{1} \\ \boldsymbol{X}_{2} \\ \vdots \\ \boldsymbol{X}_{a} \end{array}\right]=\left(\begin{array}{cccc} x_{11} & x_{12} & \cdots & x_{1 b} \\ x_{21} & x_{22} & \cdots & x_{2 b} \\ \vdots & \vdots & & \vdots \\ x_{a 1} & x_{a 2} & \cdots & x_{a b} \end{array}\right)$
方差是衡量数据离散程度的最常用测度值,通过方差处理能够得出各采集点的温度离散程度分布,若为正常无漏损信号则该位置的方差与相邻位置的方差变化较小,如果为有漏损信号则该位置信号的方差对于相邻位置的方差变化较大。对X矩阵逐行进行方差处理,即
yi= 1 b[(xi1- x ¯ i)2+ ( x i 2 - x ¯ i ) 2+…+(xib- x ¯ i)2]
式(3)中:xib 为采集的第i条数据的b个数据点的值,即式(2)中的数据; x ¯ i为第i条数据的平均值。
得到Y矩阵为
$\boldsymbol{Y}=\left[\begin{array}{c} y_{1} \\ y_{2} \\ \vdots \\ y_{a} \end{array}\right] $
然后运用自适应阈值法确定方差分布的阈值和温度分布的阈值,自适应阈值设置的方法是一种根据信号本身的特性动态地设置阈值的方法。其步骤如下。
步骤1 矩阵Z为无漏损情况下的方差信号或温度信号。
Z= z 1 z 2 z a
步骤2 设置合适的窗口大小用M表示,对Z矩阵中的每一个点zi在窗口 i - M 2 , i + M 2内的均值和标准差分别为
z ¯ i= z i - M 2 + z i - M 2 + 1 + + z i + M 2 M
σi= 1 N i - M 2 i + M 2 ( z j - z ¯ i ) 2
式(7)中:N为数据点的总数。
步骤3 阈值θi设置为平均值加k倍的标准差,可表示为
θi= z ¯ i+kσi
当方差与温度信号均超过阈值达到报警条件后,产生报警。并将阈值信号与检测信号对比做差的信号进行阈值寻峰处理对漏损点位置进行定位。
为利用DTS系统进行合成气管道漏损检测和定位模拟实验,选择适合的光纤是关键。由于合成气管道处在250 ℃的高温环境,普通光纤常用橡胶作为复合层,只能用于0~100 ℃环境下不符合测温需求。在高温测量领域,有机硅胶涂层光纤虽能在200 ℃下稳定工作,但成本高昂且效率低。金属涂层光纤如镀金或镀铝光纤,在400 ℃以上保持性能稳定,但价格昂贵且断裂后金属涂层难以剥离熔接。聚酰亚胺涂层光纤,能在300 ℃环境中保持性能稳定,短期甚至能测量至约400 ℃。为使光纤可以运用在合成气管道外壁温度监测上,设计一种单芯多模带有不锈钢保护层的聚酰亚胺涂层耐高温光纤。光纤类型为SC-DG-1A1B-1.8-N,纤芯直径为62.5 μm,包层直径为125 μm,涂覆层直径为250 μm,测温范围为-40~350 ℃。不锈钢保护层外径(2.0±0.1) mm,厚度(0.2±0.02) mm,管内填充耐高温抗氢光纤油膏。
合成气管道模拟实验装置如图1所示,用DN-500金属管道(长3 m)模拟合成气管道。光纤以螺旋的方式缠绕在管道上螺距为20 cm,光纤总长度为43.4 m。DTS系统采样间隔为0.2 m。管道外壁用两条80 cm×80 cm的工业电热毯包裹,用来模拟合成气管道外壁的电伴热对管壁进行加热(加热范围在0~400 ℃)。其中2.4~35.6 m为电热毯包覆段。
实验前先用电热毯将管道加热到250 ℃。将电热毯之间的一个连接带打开,使电热毯部分离开管壁,不对管道进行加热保温,模拟合成气管道电伴热损伤失效,其位置在光纤16 m处,对管道外壁进行连续测温实验。
取两组典型检测信号,图2(a)为无漏损时管壁温度信号,温度分布在240~250 ℃。图2(b)为管道有漏损时管壁温度信号。由于合成气管道发生漏损时,合成气管道外壁温度变化较小且存在大量噪声干扰,从原始信号中较难判断合成气管道是否出现漏损。因此对检测信号进行层次聚类分析来判断合成气管道有无漏损。
取实验室进行模拟实验的DTS系统采集到的合成气管道的20组数据,作为样本(其中1~10为无漏损信号,11~20为漏损信号),进行聚类分析。由图3(a)可知,用层次聚类算法进行聚类分析可以准确的将这两种信号进行分类,因此可以利用该测试样本对检测信号是否漏损进行识别。将无漏损信号和有漏损信号分别定义为样本21、样本22,再次进行聚类分析,由图3(b)可以看出,经层次聚类分析后准确识别出了无漏损信号和有漏损信号。
将DTS检测到的温度信号用层次聚类法判断合成气管道是否出现漏损后,对漏损点进行精确定位。在实验室条件下,对管道外壁进行连续测温实验。漏损点位置在16 m处,共获取实验数据312组。分别进行固定阈值定位、选择平均阈值定位、自适应方差阈值定位处理,对漏损点定位,并对比这3种方法的定位精度。
将温度分布信号进行固定阈值处理,固定阈值信号如图4(a)所示,将有漏损时的信号与固定阈值信号对比作差,对漏损点定位。结果如图4(b)所示,漏损点的位置为16.63 m,定位误差为0.63 m。无漏损位置处的信号在0~0.7波动,并在9.65、28.8、29.5 m处都出现误报现象,这种阈值法误报过多,会降低DTS合成气管道漏损监测系统的可靠性。
选择平均阈值算法对检测信号进行处理,选择平均阈值信号如图5(a)所示,将有漏损时的信号与选择平均阈值信号对比作差对漏损点位置定位,结果如图5(b)所示,检测到漏损点的位置在16.48 m,定位误差为0.48 m。无漏损位置处的信号在0~0.5波动,这种阈值算法降低了噪声对DTS检测信号的影响,定位精度提高,系统的误报情况的到改善,但是阈值设置方法比较单一。
针对现有的DTS系统阈值设置的单一、误报率高、定位精度低的问题,提出一种自适应方差阈值算法。该算法对温度和方差两种特征量设置自适应阈值,进行漏损报警和定位。首先用自适应方差阈值法对信号进行处理,温度阈值信号如图6(a)所示,方差阈值信号如图6(b)所示。然后将有漏损时的信号与阈值信号对比作差对漏损点位置进行定位,差值信号如图6(c)所示,漏损点位置为16.31 m,定位误差为0.31 m。无漏损位置处的信号在0~0.4波动,少部分超过0.4,信号抖动现象减弱,有利于降低系统误报、漏报的发生。
3种阈值方法都能够对合成气管道漏损点进行定位。通过对比可知,自适应方差阈值法比固定阈值法和选择平均阈值法的定位精度分别提高0.32 m和0.17 m。
在某炼厂进行现场实验,该实验基地采用的是SE平推流水煤(焦)浆气化技术,工作压力6.27 MPa,其合成气管道长度为50 m,材质为DN_400的铬钼钢(15CrMo)。合成气管壁周围布置4条电伴热加热,外部包裹硅酸铝棉毯保温(厚度为40~50 mm),最外层用铝板做防雨层固定包围。在水煤浆气化设备停机期间,按设计图7(a)进行光纤的铺设。光纤贴合在合成气管道壁面上,总长度为424.6 m,其中0~243.4 m是从机柜间到合成气管道的走线槽内,243.4~419.4 m缠绕在合成气管道上。图7(b)为现场铺设光纤进行检测的合成气管段。
用DTS系统对合成气管道外壁温度进行全分布式监测,系统的采样间隔为0.2 m,平均每分钟采集一条信号。图8为合成气管壁温度监测信号,能够检测到光纤沿线温度点2 173个。其中,图8(a)为无漏损时的温度分布信号,合成气管道外壁温度分布在240~250 ℃。图8(b)为有漏损时的温度分布信号。温度分布信号受噪声影响,输出的波形不规则且毛刺较多,从原始信号中难以直接识别漏损信号。
采用层次聚类法帮助准确识别出漏损信号。从现场检测数据中取20组数据作为样本(其中,1~10为无漏损信号,11~20为漏损信号),进行聚类分析。由图9(a)可知,用层次聚类算法进行聚类分析可以准确地将这两种信号进行分类,因此可以利用该测试样本对检测信号是否漏损进行识别。将无漏损和有漏损信号分别定义为样本21、样本22,再次进行聚类分析。由图9(b)可以看出,经层次聚类分析后,准确识别出了无漏损信号和有漏损信号。
用层次聚类法判断合成气管道是否出现漏损后,用自适应方差阈值法对漏损点进行定位。用自适应阈值处理得到的温度阈值信号如图10(a)所示,方差阈值信号如图10(b)所示。然后将有漏损时的信号与阈值信号对比做差对漏损点位置进行定位,差值信号如图10(c)所示,漏损点位置为347.66 m。经现场排查发现,合成气管段外部并无明显损伤,设备停机检修后发现保温层内存在局部损坏,导致合成气管道外壁温度下降。
煤气化装置中的合成气管道出现损伤或泄漏时会引起周围介质温度发生变化。因此采用DTS系统对合成气管道外壁温度进行全分布式的检测,并对漏损点进行识别和定位。得出如下结论。
(1)提出一种基于自适应方差阈值的DTS检测定位算法。该算法通过计算信号方差和温度的自适应阈值,使系统通过温度和方差两种特征的阈值来进行漏损报警并定位,来提高漏损点的定位精度。
(2)在实验室进行合成气管道漏损模拟实验,用层次聚类法识别合成气管道漏损情况。将检测到的信号进行自适应方差阈值处理,获得阈值信号。分析阈值信号与漏损信号的差值信号,对漏损点进行定位。并将该算法与固定阈值法和选择性平均阈值法进行比较,定位精度分别提高0.32 m和0.17 m。
(3)在某炼厂进行现场实验,铺设传感光纤长度434.6 m,检测到一处损伤点,损伤位置为347.66 m。实验结果表明:自适应方差阈值能够精确地对合成气管道漏损点进行精确定位。为合成气管道漏损在线监测与定位提供了一种新的思路。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC080500)
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2025年第25卷第12期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2404114
  • 接收时间:2024-06-03
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-04-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-03
  • 修回日期:2025-02-07
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国家重点研发计划(2018YFC080500)
作者信息
    1 中国计量大学能源环境与安全工程学院, 杭州 310018
    2 中国计量大学计量测试与仪器学院, 杭州 310018

通讯作者:

* 王强(1976—),男,汉族,湖北应城人,博士,教授。研究方向:结构健康监测技术。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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