Article(id=1149774725594968684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403924, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716739200000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-27, revisedDate=1738684800000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752057256363, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1745769600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752057256363, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752057256363, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752057256363, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149774724923880044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, year='2025', volume='25', issue='12', pageStart='4827', pageEnd='5272', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752057256203, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768456746933, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218559174552764785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218559174552764786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, issueId=1149774724923880044, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4857, endPage=4863, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149774725800489582, articleId=1149774725594968684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=EN, title=Time Series InSAR Deformation Characteristic Analysis and Early Identification of Clustered Karst Collapse Groups, columnId=1156262729351549255, journalTitle=Science Technology and Engineering, columnName=Papers·Astronomy and Geosciences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aiming at the limitations of traditional synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) technology in monitoring karst collapse, a small baseline subset (SBAS)-InSAR surface deformation monitoring method integrating permanent scatterer (PS) technology was proposed to monitor the deformation characteristics of shallowly buried karst collapse groups. The study area was deliberately selected as the Dongdiu District in Libo County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province. A dataset composed of 83 Sentinel-1A imagery acquisitions from January 30, 2020, to December 21, 2022, was thoroughly compiled and subsequently analyzed by time-series InSAR in a rigorous manner. The results show that during the period from 2020 to 2022, the collapse-prone areas undergo a phase of accelerated development in deformation rate. The monitoring results closely mirror the actual boundaries of the delineated collapse zones. The maximum deformation rate recorded within the collapse zones is -167.5 mm/a, predominantly occurring in regions with the most concentrated collapses. Moreover, a novel set of criteria for identifying karst collapse clusters was introduced, which was based on time-series InSAR technology. These criteria were founded on the analysis of the uniformity in the trends of deformation accumulation curves and the detection of local abrupt changes among any three interconnected points within the monitoring area. Such features were proposed as early indicators of the development of clustered karst collapses. The research findings are anticipated to provide valuable perspectives for the identification and characterization of the developmental processes associated with clustered, shallowly buried karst collapses.

, correspAuthors=Xi-qiong XIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Lei ZHANG, Xi-qiong XIANG, Huan-huan CHENG, Hong LIU, Lin-wei LI, Wen-jun WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149774743651446799, articleId=1149774725594968684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, language=CN, title=群发性岩溶塌陷群时序InSAR变形特征分析与早期识别, columnId=1156262730077163858, journalTitle=科学技术与工程, columnName=论文·天文学、地球科学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对传统合成孔径雷达干涉测量(synthetic aperture radar interferometry,InSAR)技术在岩溶塌陷监测中的局限性,提出一种集成永久散射体(permanent scatterer, PS)技术的小基线集(small baseline subset,SBAS)-InSAR地表形变监测方法,用于监测浅埋覆盖层岩溶塌陷群的形变特性。选取贵州省黔南州荔波县洞丢地区作为研究区域,收集2020年1月30日—2022年12月21日期间覆盖该区域的83幅Sentinel-1A影像数据,并应用时序InSAR技术对塌陷区域的形变速率特征进行分析。结果表明:2020—2022年,塌陷区域经历了形变速率的快速发展阶段,监测结果与实际划定的塌陷区域范围相吻合;塌陷区域的最大形变速率为-167.5 mm/a,主要发生在塌陷最为集中的区域。提出一种基于时序InSAR技术的岩溶塌陷群识别判据,该判据通过分析监测区域内任意3点相连的形变累积曲线的变化趋势一致性以及局部突变点,作为群发性岩溶塌陷群发育的早期识别特征。研究成果可为群发性浅埋覆盖层岩溶塌陷发育过程的识别提供重要的参考价值。

, correspAuthors=向喜琼, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 向喜琼(1975—),男,土家族,湖北宜昌人,博士,副教授。研究方向:地质灾害评价与防治。E-mail:
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张磊(1998—),男,土家族,贵州沿河人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地质灾害。E-mail:

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红色代表抬升;黄色代表沉降速率最低;绿色代表沉降

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SAR data parameters

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参数 设置
数据类型 SLC
成像模式 IW
重访周期/d 12
极化方式 VV
入射角/(°) 39
轨道方向 Ascending(升轨)
), ArticleFig(id=1179786771597508926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123166801305609, articleId=1149774725594968684, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

SAR数据参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 设置
数据类型 SLC
成像模式 IW
重访周期/d 12
极化方式 VV
入射角/(°) 39
轨道方向 Ascending(升轨)
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群发性岩溶塌陷群时序InSAR变形特征分析与早期识别
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张磊 1, 2 , 向喜琼 1, 2, * , 程欢欢 1, 2 , 刘宏 1, 2 , 李麟玮 1, 2 , 王文俊 1, 2
科学技术与工程 | 论文·天文学、地球科学 2025,25(12): 4857-4863
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科学技术与工程 | 论文·天文学、地球科学 2025, 25(12): 4857-4863
群发性岩溶塌陷群时序InSAR变形特征分析与早期识别
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张磊1, 2 , 向喜琼1, 2, * , 程欢欢1, 2, 刘宏1, 2, 李麟玮1, 2, 王文俊1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025
  • 2 喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室(贵州大学), 贵阳 550025
  • 张磊(1998—),男,土家族,贵州沿河人,硕士研究生。研究方向:地质灾害。E-mail:

通讯作者:

* 向喜琼(1975—),男,土家族,湖北宜昌人,博士,副教授。研究方向:地质灾害评价与防治。E-mail:
Time Series InSAR Deformation Characteristic Analysis and Early Identification of Clustered Karst Collapse Groups
Lei ZHANG1, 2 , Xi-qiong XIANG1, 2, * , Huan-huan CHENG1, 2, Hong LIU1, 2, Lin-wei LI1, 2, Wen-jun WANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
出版时间: 2025-04-28 doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403924
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针对传统合成孔径雷达干涉测量(synthetic aperture radar interferometry,InSAR)技术在岩溶塌陷监测中的局限性,提出一种集成永久散射体(permanent scatterer, PS)技术的小基线集(small baseline subset,SBAS)-InSAR地表形变监测方法,用于监测浅埋覆盖层岩溶塌陷群的形变特性。选取贵州省黔南州荔波县洞丢地区作为研究区域,收集2020年1月30日—2022年12月21日期间覆盖该区域的83幅Sentinel-1A影像数据,并应用时序InSAR技术对塌陷区域的形变速率特征进行分析。结果表明:2020—2022年,塌陷区域经历了形变速率的快速发展阶段,监测结果与实际划定的塌陷区域范围相吻合;塌陷区域的最大形变速率为-167.5 mm/a,主要发生在塌陷最为集中的区域。提出一种基于时序InSAR技术的岩溶塌陷群识别判据,该判据通过分析监测区域内任意3点相连的形变累积曲线的变化趋势一致性以及局部突变点,作为群发性岩溶塌陷群发育的早期识别特征。研究成果可为群发性浅埋覆盖层岩溶塌陷发育过程的识别提供重要的参考价值。

岩溶塌陷  /  时序合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)  /  形变速率  /  早期识别

Aiming at the limitations of traditional synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) technology in monitoring karst collapse, a small baseline subset (SBAS)-InSAR surface deformation monitoring method integrating permanent scatterer (PS) technology was proposed to monitor the deformation characteristics of shallowly buried karst collapse groups. The study area was deliberately selected as the Dongdiu District in Libo County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province. A dataset composed of 83 Sentinel-1A imagery acquisitions from January 30, 2020, to December 21, 2022, was thoroughly compiled and subsequently analyzed by time-series InSAR in a rigorous manner. The results show that during the period from 2020 to 2022, the collapse-prone areas undergo a phase of accelerated development in deformation rate. The monitoring results closely mirror the actual boundaries of the delineated collapse zones. The maximum deformation rate recorded within the collapse zones is -167.5 mm/a, predominantly occurring in regions with the most concentrated collapses. Moreover, a novel set of criteria for identifying karst collapse clusters was introduced, which was based on time-series InSAR technology. These criteria were founded on the analysis of the uniformity in the trends of deformation accumulation curves and the detection of local abrupt changes among any three interconnected points within the monitoring area. Such features were proposed as early indicators of the development of clustered karst collapses. The research findings are anticipated to provide valuable perspectives for the identification and characterization of the developmental processes associated with clustered, shallowly buried karst collapses.

karst collapse  /  time series synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR)  /  deformation rate  /  early identification
张磊, 向喜琼, 程欢欢, 刘宏, 李麟玮, 王文俊. 群发性岩溶塌陷群时序InSAR变形特征分析与早期识别. 科学技术与工程, 2025 , 25 (12) : 4857 -4863 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403924
Lei ZHANG, Xi-qiong XIANG, Huan-huan CHENG, Hong LIU, Lin-wei LI, Wen-jun WANG. Time Series InSAR Deformation Characteristic Analysis and Early Identification of Clustered Karst Collapse Groups[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025 , 25 (12) : 4857 -4863 . DOI: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403924
随着星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量(interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR)技术理论与技术的完善,衍生了多种分支技术融合,其中包括差分雷达干涉技术(differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar,D-InSAR)、多时相InSAR技术(multi-temporal InSAR,MT-InSAR)、永久散射体(persistent scatterer InSAR,PS-InSAR)和小基线集(small baseline substs,SBAS)-InSAR等。InSAR技术被广泛应用于滑坡[1-2]、城市地面沉降[3-4]、采空区形变监测[5-6]等领域中。时序InSAR技术主要包括Ferrett等[7]提出的永久性散射体差分干涉技术(PS-InSAR)和Berardino等[8]提出的SBAS-InSAR。该技术是以影像数量和相干性为出发点,在一定时间域内获取具有稳定散射特征的高相干点,并依据不同相位信号分量的时空分布特性来进行误差分离,从而获得完成地形、轨道、和大气误差去除的地表形变量,为地质灾害风险普查以及防灾减灾治理成效评价提供技术支撑[9]
虽然InSAR具有长时间、大范围、低成本、动态连续等优势,被广泛应用于地面变形的监测。但其在一定程度上会受到天气和湿度等因素的影响和精度限制,使得所采集的数据很难与实地的目标物相关联,造成监测精度的损失。学者们根据不同的研究对象进行调整和改进。文献[10]针对采矿沉陷区域提取PS点数量稀疏问题,提出融合相干格网的PS点提取方法用以监测矿区地面沉降。王舜瑶等[11]、聂运菊等[12]提出了一种结合PS点的SBAS-InSAR地表形变监测方法。这些改进技术几乎不用于岩溶塌陷的监测,可见该技术在岩溶塌陷监测上还存在较大的技术难点。相比滑坡、采空区塌陷以及地面沉降而言,岩溶塌陷通常范围较小,单一的塌陷不易被识别。但具有群发性特征的岩溶塌陷群在区域上能够为监测提供可观的监测面积,从而获取地表变形信息。
随着中国基础建设的快速发展,由于施工引起的塌陷群案例呈不断增长趋势。较为代表的如哥乐山隧道附近,诱发塌陷数量积累达146个[13];铜陵市岩溶塌陷群,诱发塌陷数量累积达278个[14];重庆中梁山隧道附近,截至2018年底累积达到300个塌陷坑。据统计,山体中已建隧道16条,在建有3条,规划有10条交通隧道等地下工程,在建设过程中和建设后期,发生了多处岩溶地面塌陷[15]。由此可见,人类工程活动诱发极易诱发塌陷群发生,威胁人们的生命财产安全。对此类具有周期性、群发性特征的塌陷群的监测和预防尤为重要。
鉴于此,以西南地区黔南荔波洞丢发生多期岩溶塌陷群为研究对象。通过现场调查,记录塌陷区2020—2022年发生的所有塌陷坑位置,采用时序InSAR分析塌陷区的变形特征。以现已知塌陷的位置,选取相连的任意3个监测点累积变形曲线,分析其变化趋势,反演塌陷发生前后的形变变化过程,并提出基于时序InSAR的塌陷识别方法。研究可为西南地区多期性、群发性岩溶塌陷群进行预测评价。
研究区位于黔南荔波洞丢,属中亚热带季风湿润气候区。塌陷始发于2020年,直到2023年塌陷发育停止。区内发育岩溶塌陷50个(2020—2022年累积),形态大小各异,严重影响了当地居民的正常生活。研究区位置略图如图1所示。
将PS-InSAR与SBAS-InSAR两种监测技术融合,分析塌陷区形变速率,并总结塌陷可能存在的阈值,为后续塌陷的调查和机理分析提供数据支撑。
由于研究区塌陷始发于2020年并持续至2022年,为更好地研究塌陷发育过程的地表形变特征变化,选取83 景由欧洲航天局提供的 C 波段 Sentinel-1A SAR 影像数据作为数据源(https://search.asf.alaska.edu/),时间范围为2020年1月30日—2022年12月21日。SBAS-InSAR地表变形监测时,需要借助数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)提供地形和地理坐标系上的参考。选取的DEM采用30 m精度的GDEMV3(30 m),数据来源于地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/),并选用 POD (precise orbit determination) 精密定轨星历数据去除轨道相位,获取地址(https://s1qc.asf.alaska.edu/aux_poeorb/)。SAR数据如表1所示。
选取欧空局发布的C波段Sentinel-1A单视复数(SLC)数据进行PS与SBAS-InSAR融合监测塌陷区自塌陷以来的地表变形速率,从而达到消除传统SBAS-InSAR监测方法在人工选取地面控制点(ground control point,GCP)引起的误差。
研究采用覆盖于塌陷区的83景Sentinel-1影像进行地理配准以及裁剪。通过设置相干系数、振幅高差指数和地面形变速率3种阈值得到稳定的PS点,用以代替GCP点,从而得到更高的监测精度。通过二次反演、地理编码从而得到塌陷区地表形变速率。方法和流程如图2所示。
由于选取的SAR影像区域影像,范围远比塌陷区大且拥有一定的城镇区域和山地区域,参考文献[16]的研究成果,设置相干性阈值设为0.75,振幅离差指数阈值设为3.2,设置形变速率区间为[-0.1 mm/a,0.1 mm/a],最终得到稳定PS点。
通过图2的方法及技术流程处理83景影像数据,得到塌陷区监测时间段内地表年平均变形速率。其中时间基线与空间基线如图3所示。其中正值表示地物朝向雷达视线方向(LOS)发生位移(抬升),负值表示地物远离LOS方向发生位移(沉降)。进一步,融合PS与SBAS-InSAR的时序InSAR监测方法,获取塌陷区形变速率图。
塌陷发生通常存在较大的沉降,因此研究将形变速率采用自然间断点分级法分为3个等级。红色代表抬升,黄色代表沉降速率最低,且存在抬升现象,绿色代表沉降。研究区形变速率结果如图4所示。
图4可以看出,整个塌陷区均位于形变速率最快的蓝色区域,对应的沉降速率为-167.5~-18.2 mm/a,基本符合塌陷区的变形特征。而事实上,监测数据仅表明地面有明显的变形特征,并不能识别判定某一区域是否存在塌陷的可能性。因此,需要选定并对沉降速率作进一步的分析研究,通过对现场调查的塌陷坑特征,结合时序InSAR变形监测结果,界定塌陷发生的变形阈值,以及建立早期浅埋覆盖型岩溶塌陷识别判据。
图5展示了塌陷区典型的形态及分布区域关系。在塌陷区范围内,大多数塌陷坑具有明显的沉降特征。总体来说,塌陷深度小,数量多。塌陷深度集中在0~2 m,占比76%。塌陷的长轴长度以16、18 m较为集中,占比74%。塌陷的形态各异,长短轴比跨度较大。这一类塌陷更多表现为沉降。因此可以将主要的塌陷区选取观测点,或者监测点的时序变形特征,从而判别沉降阈值与塌陷的关系。
为形成对比,研究将未发生塌陷的洞丢上坪作为对照。由于三点可以确定一个平面,因此考虑沉降的随机性,选取塌陷点附近相同颜色的相连任意3个点作为数据分析来源。结果如图6(a)所示。
相比未发生塌陷的洞丢上坪。尽管C段累积变形曲线一直处于稳定下降趋势,但相连的A、B监测点的累积变形曲线均表现为稳定状态,推测该累积变形曲线异常,可能与当地的农耕活动有关。洞丢中坪与下坪累积变形量随时间变化有差异,监测结果如图6(b)图6(c)所示。可以看出,两者的形变累积曲线均表现为增大,且均存在相连2条监测曲线变化趋势一致的情况。有此推断,当相连的两条监测曲线的累积变化趋势一致且形变量较大时,由3点组成的面域属塌陷的可能性较大。
塌陷区的绝大多数塌陷坑发生于每年的5~6月居多,数据处理上重点加密该区域的影像数据。结合监测数据以及塌陷坑随年份的变化趋势,将其与塌陷发生具体时间点对应,可以发现塌陷坑数量与累积变化曲线十分恰合。由于数据监测是以2020年1月30日为参考,塌陷始发于2020年6月。若以洞丢中坪为研究对象,选取当年发生的塌陷累积监测曲线分析不仅时间短,同时塌陷数量较多且每一年均有发生,不具有代表性。洞丢下坪的塌陷坑几乎发生于同一时间,因此选取次年2021位于该区域内的塌陷群分析进行时序变形分析更具有典型性。结果如图7所示。
(1)累积变形曲线突变与塌陷。图6(b)为洞丢下坪的时序InSAR累积变形曲线,可以看出,该区域内塌陷坑附近任意3个点的累积形变变化情况。塌陷坑集中发生于2021年5~6月份,在此之前,相连两条累积形变曲线均表现为平缓状态,而后累积形变呈上升趋势(膨胀),累积曲线发生短暂突变,最后以1.2的速率下降(平稳发展期)。相连累积曲线突变或作为塌陷识别的重要标志。
(2)累积曲线总体变化趋势与塌陷。A监测点的累积曲线与B、C变化趋势基本一致。相对A监测累积曲线而言,B、C两点待A点发育平稳后,总体累积形变趋势速率大于1继续发育,且曲线变化趋势基本相同。可以设想将一个监测三角网由平面状态变为竖直状态,较为符合塌陷的特征。因此,相连两条累积变化曲线发育特征一致且呈现增大状态的任意三点,可作为塌陷坑识别的另一个标志。
(3)累积形变量与塌陷。A监测点的累积曲线最终停留在32 mm,此后该监测点处于平稳状态;B监测点的累积曲线形变量突变最大,由30 mm突变致22 mm,而后总体呈现整体下降趋势。相比洞丢中坪的累积变化曲线结果,尽管累积形变量较大,相连的两条监测曲线达到100 mm,但对于累积曲线是否能达到判别塌陷的阈值,还有待进一步的研究。
结合PS与SBAS-InSAR监测方法开展浅埋覆盖层岩溶塌陷地面监测,获取了塌陷区高精度的时序变形特征,总结并讨论了时序InSAR用于识别岩溶塌陷地质灾害的判别方法,得出如下结论。
(1)采用PS技术代替GCP融合SBAS-InSAR的监测方法,可克服传统SBAS-InSAR监测方法人工选取地面点引起的误差,从而获取高精度的地面形变数据。
(2)监测结果显示:黔南荔波洞丢整个塌陷区均位于高沉降速率范围,与实际的塌陷坑对应区域一致,验证了时序InSAR技术在岩溶塌陷形变的监测上具有一定的适用性。
(3)基于时序InSAR的地面塌陷识别可结合相连3个监测点累积变形曲线的变化趋势初步判定,形变发育平缓具有突变且至少2条累积曲线变化趋势一致,可初步推断为塌陷。以累积形变阈值的多少推断为塌陷还有待进一步研究。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2022YFC300330)
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2025年第25卷第12期
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doi: 10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2403924
  • 接收时间:2024-05-27
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-04-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-27
  • 修回日期:2025-02-05
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国家重点研发计划(2022YFC300330)
作者信息
    1 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025
    2 喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室(贵州大学), 贵阳 550025

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* 向喜琼(1975—),男,土家族,湖北宜昌人,博士,副教授。研究方向:地质灾害评价与防治。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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